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Candida infections account for 80% of all fungal infections in the hospital environment, including bloodstream, urinary tract and surgical site infections. Bloodstream infections are now a major challenge for tertiary hospitals worldwide due to their high prevalence and mortality rates. The incidence of candidemia in tertiary public hospitals in Brazil is approximately 2.5 cases per 1000 hospital admissions. Due to the importance of this infection, the authors provide a review of the diversity of the genus Candida and its clinical relevance, the therapeutic options and discuss the treatment of major infections caused by Candida. Each topography is discussed with regard to epidemiological, clinical and laboratory diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations based on levels of evidence.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2013.02.001 11729 downloads Cited 11 times in SciELO

Pesquisa clínica no Brasil
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Rizzo, Luiz Vicente

; Camargo, Luis Fernando Aranha

einstein (São Paulo)

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mar 2013, Volume 11 N. 1 Pages vii - viii

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

2988 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

Multiple myeloma complicated with pseudomonas endocartiditis
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Todaro, Juliana

; Bollmann, Patrícia Weinschenker

; Nussbacher, Amit

; Camargo, Luis Fernando Aranha

; Santos, Bento Fortunato Cardoso dos

; Alvarenga, Daniel

; Rosemberg, Laercio Alberto

; Le Bihan, David Costa de Souza

; Fischer, Cláudio Henrique

; del Giglio, Auro

einstein (São Paulo)

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dec 2012, Volume 10 N. 4 Pages 498 - 501

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Pacientes diagnosticados com mieloma múltiplo são mais suscetíveis a infecções, que é a principal causa de morbidade e mortalidade associadas a essa doença. Os principais agentes infecciosos envolvidos são as bactérias Gram-positivas, mas, após a quimioterapia, pode haver aumento na incidência de Gram-negativos, que são responsáveis, na maioria dos casos, por infecções do trato urinário. Assim, descrevese um raro caso de um paciente de 73 anos de idade, com mieloma múltiplo diagnosticado com endocardite por pseudomonas.

Patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma are more susceptible to infections which are the major causes of morbidity and mortality associated to this disease. The main infectious agents involved are Gram-positive bacteria. However, after chemotherapy an increase in the incidence of Gram-negative strains is observed. These bacteria are also responsible for most cases of urinary tract infections. Here is reported a rare case in a 73-year-old man with multiple myeloma who developed endocarditis due to pseudomonas.

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Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with primary immunodeficiencies: Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein experience
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Fernandes, Juliana Folloni

; Kerbauy, Fabio Rodrigues

; Ribeiro, Andreza Alice Feitosa

; Kutner, Jose Mauro

; Camargo, Luis Fernando Aranha

; Stape, Adalberto

; Troster, Eduardo Juan

; Zamperlini-Netto, Gabriele

; Azambuja, Alessandra Milani Prandini de

; Carvalho, Bruna

; Dorna, Mayra de Barros

; Vilela, Marluce dos Santos

; Jacob, Cristina Miuki Abe

; Costa-Carvalho, Beatriz Tavares

; Cunha, Jose Marcos

; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda Maria

; Hamerschlak, Nelson

einstein (São Paulo)

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jun 2011, Volume 9 N. 2 Pages 140 - 144

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de um hospital terciário no tratamento de pacientes pediátricos com imunodeficiências primárias com transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas. Métodos: De 2007 a 2010, foram realizados oito transplantes em sete pacientes pediátricos com imunodeficiências primárias: imunodeficiência combinada grave (n = 2); imunodeficiência combinada (n = 1); doença granulomatosa crônica (n = 1); síndrome hiper-IgM (n = 2); síndrome IPEX (n=1). Resultados: Dois pacientes foram transplantados com medula óssea de irmãos HLA-idênticos; seis transplantes foram feitos com doadores não aparentados (medula óssea: n = 1; sangue de cordão umbilical: n = 5). Todos os pacientes haviam tido episódios de infecção grave previamente ao tratamento. Um paciente recebeu apenas globulina antitimocítica antes do transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas, três transplantes foram feitos com quimioterapia de intensidade reduzida e quatro após quimioterapia mieloablativa. Dois pacientes morreram precocemente e não foram avaliados em relação à enxertia. Três pacientes tiveram enxertia completa, dois evoluíram com falha primária de pega, um deles recebeu um segundo transplante com pega do enxerto. Dois pacientes morreram de toxicidade do transplante (síndrome da obstrução sinusoidal hepática), um paciente morreu de insuficiência respiratória por infecção por parainfluenza já existente antes do transplante. Quatro pacientes estão vivos e bem entre 60 dias e 14 meses após o transplante. Conclusão: A condição do paciente ao transplante é o fator mais importante no sucesso do tratamento. O diagnóstico precoce dos pacientes e a possibilidade de encaminhá-los mais rapidamente para tratamento em centros de referência podem melhorar substancialmente a sobrevida e a qualidade de vida deles.

Objective: To report the experience of a tertiary care hospital with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with primary immunodeficiencies. Methods: Seven pediatric patients with primary immunodeficiencies (severe combined immunodeficiency: n = 2; combined immunodeficiency: n = 1; chronic granulomatous disease: n = 1; hyper-IgM syndrome: n = 2; and IPEX syndrome: n = 1) who underwent eight hematopoietic stem cell transplants in a single center, from 2007 to 2010, were studied. Results: Two patients received transplants from HLA-identical siblings; the other six transplants were done with unrelated donors (bone marrow: n = 1; cord blood: n = 5). All patients had pre-existing infections before hematopoietic stem cell transplants. One patient received only anti-thymocyte globulin prior to transplant, three transplants were done with reduced intensity conditioning regimens and four transplants were done after myeloablative therapy. Two patients were not evaluated for engraftment due to early death. Three patients engrafted, two had primary graft failure and one received a second transplant with posterior engraftment. Two patients died of regimen related toxicity (hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome); one patient died of progressive respiratory failure due to Parainfluenza infection present prior to transplant. Four patients are alive and well from 60 days to 14 months after transplant. Conclusion: Patients’ status prior to transplant is the most important risk factor on the outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplants in the treatment of these diseases. Early diagnosis and the possibility of a faster referral of these patients for treatment in reference centers may substantially improve their survival and quality of life.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082011ao2007 3493 downloads

Epidemiology of fungal infections in liver transplant recipients: a six-year study of a large Brazilian liver transplantation centre
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Zicker, Michelle

; Colombo, Arnaldo Lopes

; Ferraz-Neto, Ben-Hur

; Camargo, Luis Fernando Aranha

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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may 2011, Volume 106 N. 3 Pages 339 - 345

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Liver transplant seems to be an effective option to prolong survival in patients with end-stage liver disease, although it still can be followed by serious complications. Invasive fungal infections (ifi) are related to high rates of morbidity and mortality. The epidemiology of fungal infections in Brazilian liver transplant recipients is unknown. The aim of this observational and retrospective study was to determine the incidence and epidemiology of fungal infections in all patients who underwent liver transplantation at Albert Einstein Israeli Hospital between 2002-2007. A total of 596 liver transplants were performed in 540 patients. Overall, 77 fungal infections occurred in 68 (13%) patients. Among the 77 fungal infections, there were 40 IFI that occurred in 37 patients (7%). Candida and Aspergillus species were the most common etiologic agents. Candida species accounted for 82% of all fungal infections and for 67% of all IFI, while Aspergillus species accounted for 9% of all fungal infections and for 17% of all IFI. Non-albicans Candida species were the predominant Candida isolates. Invasive aspergillosis tended to occur earlier in the post-transplant period. These findings can contribute to improve antifungal prophylaxis and therapy practices in Brazilian centres.

3875 downloads

II Diretriz Brasileira de Transplante Cardíaco
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Bacal, Fernando

; Souza Neto, João David de

; Fiorelli, Alfredo Inácio

; Mejia, Juan

; Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana Goulart

; Mangini, Sandrigo

; Oliveira Jr, José de Lima

; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues de

; Azeka, Estela

; Dinkhuysen, Jarbas Jakson

; Moreira, Maria da Consolação Vieira

; Rossi Neto, João Manoel

; Bestetti, Reinaldo Bulgarelli

; Fernandes, Juliana Rolim

; Cruz, Fátima das Dores

; Ferreira, Lucinei Paz

; Costa, Helenice Moreira da

; Pereira, Ana Augusta Maria

; Panajotopoulos, Nicolas

; Benvenuti, Luiz Alberto

; Moura, Lídia Zytynski

; Vasconcelos, Glauber Gean

; Branco, João Nelson Rodrigues

; Gelape, Claudio Leo

; Uchoa, Ricardo Barreira

; Ayub-Ferreira, Silvia Moreira

; Camargo, Luis Fernando Aranha

; Colafranceschi, Alexandre Siciliano

; Bordignon, Solange

; Cipullo, Reginaldo

; Horowitz, Estela Suzana Kleiman

; Branco, Klébia Castelo

; Jatene, Marcelo

; Veiga, Sergio Lopes

; Marcelino, Cesar Augusto Guimarães

; Teixeira Filho, Guaracy Fernandes

; Vila, José Henrique

; Montera, Marcelo Westerlund

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2010, Volume 94 N. 1 Pages e16 - e76

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

103007 downloads Cited 7 times in SciELO

Low compliance with alcohol gel compared with chlorhexidine for hand hygiene in ICU patients: results of an alcohol gel implementation program
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Camargo, Luis Fernando Aranha

; Marra, Alexandre Rodrigues

; Silva, Cláudia Vallone

; Laselva, Cláudia Regina

; Moura Junior, Denis Faria

; Cal, Ruy Guilherme G.

; Yamashita, Maria Aparecida

; Knobel, Elias

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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oct 2009, Volume 13 N. 5 Pages 330 - 334

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Although the introduction of alcohol based products have increased compliance with hand hygiene in intensive care units (ICU), no comparative studies with other products in the same unit and in the same period have been conducted. We performed a two-month-observational prospective study comparing three units in an adult ICU, according to hand hygiene practices (chlorhexidine alone-unit A, both chlorhexidine and alcohol gel-unit B, and alcohol gel alone-unit C, respectively). Opportunities for hand hygiene were considered according to an institutional guideline. Patients were randomly allocated in the 3 units and data on hand hygiene compliance was collected without the knowledge of the health care staff. TISS score (used for measuring patient complexity) was similar between the three different units. Overall compliance with hand hygiene was 46.7% (659/1410). Compliance was significantly higher after patient care in unit A when compared to units B and C. On the other hand, compliance was significantly higher only between units A (32.1%) and C (23.1%) before patient care (p=0.02). Higher compliance rates were observed for general opportunities for hand hygiene (patient bathing, vital sign controls, etc), while very low compliance rates were observed for opportunities related to skin and gastroenteral care. One of the reasons for not using alcohol gel according to health care workers was the necessity for water contact (35.3%, 12/20). Although the use of alcohol based products is now the standard practice for hand hygiene the abrupt abolition of hand hygiene with traditional products may not be recommended for specific services.

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