RESUMO: O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (ILPF) e do desbaste das árvores de eucalipto sobre o desempenho agronômico da soja. Os tratamentos consistiram em cultivo convencional a pleno sol (CPS), ILPF com configuração de fileira tripla (ILPF-T), em que as fileiras triplas de árvores foram submetidas ao desbaste seletivo no quinto ano após o plantio por meio da remoção de 50% das árvores e ILPF com configuração de fileira simples (ILPF-S), em que as faixas triplas de árvores foram submetidas ao desbaste sistemático no quarto ano após o plantio resultando em fileiras simples. As variáveis fisiológicas e agronômicas da soja foram avaliadas nos estágios reprodutivos R5 e R8 durante a oitava safra (2018/2019). As amostragens de soja foram realizadas em cinco posições aleatórias no CPS, enquanto as coletas foram realizadas em quatro transectos a distâncias de 3, 6, 10 e 15 m das faixas das árvores nas faces norte e sul dos sistemas ILPF. Não houve diferenças entre a soja cultivada nos sistemas ILPF e CPS em relação à área foliar específica, densidade de plantas, índice de acamamento e massa de mil grãos. No entanto, a ILPF aumentou a massa de folhas secas e o índice de área foliar e reduziu as alturas das plantas de soja. No desbaste seletivo de 50% das árvores (ILPF-T) a perda de produtividade da soja foi de 26%, enquanto no desbaste sistemático (ILPF-S) ela foi de 14%, ou seja, redução de 12% na perda de produtividade da soja. Portanto, a ILPF reduz o rendimento de grãos da soja independente da intensidade do desbaste realizado e o desbaste sistemático, com remoção das linhas laterais para conversão do sistema para linhas simples (ILPF-S) proporciona menor perda de rendimento de grãos da soja. RESUMO lavourapecuáriafloresta lavoura pecuária floresta (ILPF , (CPS) ILPFT, ILPFT T 50 ILPFS, ILPFS S R 2018/2019. 20182019 2018/2019 . 2018 2019 (2018/2019) 3 6 1 específica entanto (ILPF-T 26 26% (ILPF-S 14 14% seja 12 Portanto (CPS 5 2018201 2018/201 201 (2018/2019 2 201820 2018/20 20 (2018/201 20182 2018/2 (2018/20 2018/ (2018/2 (2018/ (2018 (201 (20 (2 (

ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of integrated crop-livestock-forestry (ICLF) systems and the thinning of eucalyptus trees on the agronomical performance of soybean. Treatments consisted of cultivation under: crops under full sunlight (CFS) conditions; ICLF with triple-row tree configuration (ICLFT) in which trees were submitted to selective thinning in the fifth year after planting through removal of 50% of trees while maintaining triple-row bands; and ICLF with single-row tree band configuration (ICLFS) in which the lateral rows of the triple-row tree bands were subjected to systematic thinning at the fourth year after planting. The physiological and agronomical variables of the soybean crop were evaluated at the R5 and R8 reproductive stages during the eighth harvesting season (2018/2019). Soybean sampling was carried out at five random positions in the CFS and in four transects at distances of 3, 6, 10 and 15 m from the tree bands in both the north and south faces of the ICLF systems. There were no differences between soybean grown under the ICLF and CFS systems with respect to specific leaf area, plant density, lodging index and mass of a thousand grains. However, the ICLF increased dry leaf mass and leaf area index and reduced soybean plant heights. Soybean productivity was reduced by 26% in ICLF-T and 14% in ICLF-S, that is, a 12% reduction in the productivity loss with systematic thinning. It is concluded that ICLF reduces soybean productivity in the effective grain production area of the system, regardless of the degree of thinning, although systematic thinning by removing the lateral tree lines to conversion of triple-rows into single-rows minimizes the loss of soybean grain yield. ABSTRACT croplivestockforestry livestock forestry (ICLF (CFS conditions triplerow triple row ICLFT (ICLFT 50 singlerow single ICLFS (ICLFS R 2018/2019. 20182019 2018/2019 . 2018 2019 (2018/2019) 3 6 1 density grains However heights 26 T 14 ICLFS, S, S ICLF-S 12 system triplerows singlerows yield 5 2018201 2018/201 201 (2018/2019 2 201820 2018/20 20 (2018/201 20182 2018/2 (2018/20 2018/ (2018/2 (2018/ (2018 (201 (20 (2 (

Resumen La anacahuita es una especie subutilizada; ya que las semillas de su fruto contienen alta concentración de proteínas, las cuales al ser aisladas pueden generar péptidos que brindan propiedades nutracéuticas, por lo que es necesario analizar los aislados con base en sus características químicas y nutracéuticas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue obtener un aislado proteínico a partir de las semillas de anacahuita, así como caracterizarlo con base en su punto isoeléctrico, masa molecular, digestibilidad in vitro, actividad antioxidante y actividad antihipertensiva. Los resultados indicaron un rendimiento y digestibilidad in vitro de 83.8% y 87%, respectivamente; el punto isoeléctrico se alcanzó a pH 4.0, con una actividad antihipertensiva de 64%; el IC50 para la actividad antioxidante se alcanzó con 79.6 mg de aislado; y el perfil electroforético mostró la desnaturalización de la proteína con la aparición de nuevas bandas. Las proteínas de la semilla de anacahuita muestran alto potencial para ser utilizadas como compuestos nutracéuticos o para desarrollar procesos de hidrólisis incrementando su potencial.

Abstract Anacahuita is an underutilized species, because its seeds contain high concentration of protein, which during the isolation process may generate some peptides that could provide nutraceutical properties. For this reason, the evaluation of their chemical and nutraceutical characteristics is needed. The goal of this research was to obtain a protein isolate from anacahuita seeds, as well as to characterize it based on its isoelectric point, molecular weight, in vitro digestibility, and antioxidant and hypertensive activities. The results obtained showed a yield and an in vitro digestibility of 83.8% and 87%, respectively; the isoelectric point was reached at pH 4.0, and its antihypertensive activity was 64%; the IC50 for the antioxidant activity was achieved with 79.6 mg of protein isolate; and a denaturalization process in the protein was observed due to effect of isolation. These results suggest that anacahuita seed proteins have potential to be used as nutraceutical compounds, and their modification could increase their nutraceutical capacity.

Abstract The effect of mixtures (% w) of corncob (TM) and cotton gin trash (CA) over gas calorific value (LHV) and carbon conversion efficiency was evaluated. An analysis of variance was performed to check the isolated effect of the TM-CA mixture, varying the mixing percentage: 100-0, 90-10, 70-30 and 60-40, changing the suction flow (FS) to maintain the ER between 0.27-0.35 and average temperature of 980 °C. A synergistic effect on the calorific value of the gas (LHV) was demonstrated for a TM-CA 90-10 mixture, reaching a maximum increase of 22.11% of the LHV compared to the global average and 26.31% with respect to the 100-0 mixture. with LHV of 3.8MJ / Nm3. An improvement in the carbon conversion of 20.7% was also achieved. The work shows that if mixtures of biomass are used, synergies can occur, due to complex interactions during the conversion, and that it is important to develop experimental analysis tools to identify them.

Resumen Se evaluó el efecto de mezclas (%w) de tusa de residuos de maíz (TM) y cascara de desmote de algodón (CA) sobre el poder calorífico (LHV) y el rendimiento de conversión del carbono. Se realizó un análisis de varianza para comprobar el efecto aislado de la mezcla TM-CA, variando el porcentaje de mezcla entre 100-0, 90-10, 70-30 y 60-40, cambiando el flujo de succión (FS) para mantener el ER entre 0.27-0.35 y temperatura media de 980°C. Se evidenció un efecto sinérgico en el poder calorífico del gas (LHV) para una mezcla TM-CA 90-10, alcanzando un aumento máximo de 22.11% del LHV en comparación a la media global y 26.31% con respecto a la mezcla 100-0 con LHV de 3.8MJ/Nm3. Así mismo se alcanzó una mejora en la conversión de carbono de 20.7%. El trabajo muestra que cuando se emplean mezclas de biomasa, se pueden presentar sinergias, debido a complejas interacciones durante la conversión, y es importante desarrollar herramientas de análisis experimentales que permitan identificarlas.