Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the auditory processing behavior of children and adolescents diagnosed with stroke and compare it with that of typically developing individuals. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study involving 48 participants aged between 7 and 17 years with adequate schooling for age and grade, allocated equally to two groups: Stroke (SG) and Control Groups (CG). For the SG, cases identified between 2003 and 2018 were considered. In the CG, school-aged participants with typical development were randomized. After screening for differential audiological assessment and confirmation of auditory pathway integrity at the brainstem level, binaural analyses of the auditory processing behavior were conducted using the Dichotic Digit Test (DDT), Frequency Pattern Test (FPT), and electrophysiological assessment (P300). The Shapiro-Wilk test for normality was conducted, followed by the T and Mann-Whitney tests, with a 95 % confidence level and significance offset at p < 0.05, using the SPSS software (IBM®, v. 22.) Results: The CG performed better in terms of auditory processing. These differences were significant (p < 0.0001) for the binaural integration of DDT, FPT humming and Labeling, and P300 latency. The P300 results were similar; however, with a greater amplitude in the SG. Conclusion: This study showed that children and adolescents with stroke performed worse in electrophysiological and behavioral tests of auditory processing assessed using the auditory evoked potentials. These data reinforce the hypothesis that stroke-related lesions compromise the neural mechanisms underlying auditory processing. Purpose individuals Methods crosssectional cross sectional 4 1 grade groups SG (SG CG. . (CG) 200 201 considered schoolaged school randomized DDT , (DDT) FPT, (FPT) P300. P (P300) ShapiroWilk Shapiro Wilk MannWhitney Mann Whitney 9 005 0 05 0.05 IBM®, IBM (IBM® v 22. 22 Results 0.0001 00001 0001 Labeling P30 latency similar however Conclusion potentials strokerelated related (CG 20 (DDT (FPT (P300 00 0.0 IBM® (IBM 2 0.000 0000 000 P3 (P30 0. 0.00 (P3 (P

Resumo Introdução: O processamento auditivo central refere-se à eficiência e eficácia com que o sisPotenciais evocados tema nervoso central usa informações auditivas e pode estar alterado em distúrbios neurológicos e lesões cerebrais, como acidentes vasculares cerebrais. No entanto, apesar das evidências de Distúrbios possíveis alterações na população pediátrica, as habilidades funcionais e as limitações pósperceptivos -acidente vascular cerebral ainda não estão bem documentadas na literatura. Objetivo: Analisar os achados das avaliações eletrofisiológicas e comportamentais do procesDoenças auditivas samento auditivo central de crianças e adolescentes diagnosticados com acidente vascular cerebral em um ambulatório de referência, bem como investigar possíveis associações com Criança as variáveis: tipo e localização do acidente vascular cerebral e faixa etária. Método: Estudo transversal comparativo. A amostra, por conveniência, incluiu indivíduos de 7 a 18 anos, divididos em dois grupos: grupo de estudo (GE), composto por indivíduos com diagnóstico de acidente vascular cerebral, e grupo controle (GC), composto por indivíduos com desenvolvimento típico. A avaliação consistiu nos seguintes procedimentos: anamnese, avaliação audiológica básica, avaliação comportamental do distúrbio de processamento auditivo (teste dichotic digit, dichotic consonant-vowel, synthetic sentence identification/pediatric speech intelligibility, gaps in noise, pitch pattern sequence, masking level difference) e avaliação eletrofisiológica (P300 e mismatch negativity -). Resultados: Dezenove crianças e adolescentes foram incluídos no GE. O GC foi composto por 19 crianças e adolescentes com desenvolvimento típico. Na comparação entre os grupos, observa-se pior desempenho para o GE em todos os testes avaliados, comportamentais e eletrofisiológicos. Na avaliação comportamental do processamento auditivo central, houve diferença estatística para todos os testes, exceto masking level difference e teste dichotic digit, na fase de separação binaural na orelha esquerda. Na avaliação eletrofisiológica, houve diferença estatística na latência do mismatch negativity e P300. Não foram encontradas associações entre os achados comportamentais e eletrofisiológicos e as variáveis localização do acidente vascular cerebral e faixa etária. Conclusão: Crianças e adolescentes diagnosticados com acidente vascular cerebral apresentam pior desempenho nas avaliações eletrofisiológicas e comportamentais do processamento auditivo central quando comparados a um grupo controle.

Abstract Introduction: Central auditory processing refers to the efficiency and effectiveness with which the central nervous system uses auditory information: it may be altered in neurological disorders and brain injuries, such as strokes. However, despite evidence of probable alterations in the pediatric population, functional abilities and post-stroke limitations are still not well documented in the literature. Objective: To analyze the findings of the electrophysiological and behavioral evaluations of central auditory processing of children and adolescents diagnosed with stroke from a reference outpatient clinic, as well as to investigate possible associations with the variables: type and location of the stroke and age group. Methods: The present study is characterized as comparative cross-sectional. The sample, for convenience, included individuals aged 7–18 years divided into two groups: study group, composed of individuals with a diagnosis of stroke, and control group, composed of individuals with typical development. The evaluation consisted of the following procedures: anamnesis, basic audiological evaluation, behavioral evaluation of the auditory processing disorder (dichotic digit test, dichotic consonant-vowel, synthetic sentence identification/pediatric speech intelligibility, gaps in noise, pitch pattern sequence, masking level difference), and electrophysiological evaluation (P300 and mismatch negativity). Results: Nineteen children and adolescents were included in the study group. The control group was composed of 19 children and adolescents with typical development. In the comparison between the groups, a worse performance is observed for the study group in all the evaluated tests, behavioral and electrophysiological. In the behavioral evaluation of central auditory processing, there was a statistical difference for all tests, except for masking level difference and dichotic digit test, binaural separation step on the left. In the electrophysiological evaluation, there was a statistical difference in the latency of mismatch negativity and P300. No associations were found between the behavioral and electrophysiological findings and the location of the stroke and age group variables. Conclusion: Children and adolescents diagnosed with stroke present a worse performance in the electrophysiological and behavioral evaluations of central auditory processing when compared to a control group.

RESUMO Introdução Crianças com queixas de dificuldades de aprendizagem podem apresentar alterações no funcionamento do sistema auditivo central. O Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Longa Latência - P3 é útil na avaliação funcional das estruturas auditivas centrais, podendo ser utilizado como método auxiliar na identificação precoce das dificuldades de aprendizagem. Objetivo Analisar e comparar latências e amplitudes obtidas no P3 de crianças com e sem queixa de dificuldades de aprendizagem, com limiares auditivos normais. Métodos A amostra foi composta por 30 crianças com queixa de dificuldades de aprendizagem (grupo estudo) e 14 crianças sem queixa (grupo controle), com idades entre 9 anos e 12 anos e 11 meses. Todas as crianças realizaram avaliação audiológica periférica e a pesquisa do P3. Resultados Verificou-se que a média da latência do P3 do grupo estudo mostrou-se significativamente mais elevada que no grupo controle. Quando comparados os valores de amplitude do P3, não houve diferença, embora a média do grupo estudo tenha se mostrado menor, quando comparada ao grupo controle. Observou-se que, entre idade e latência do P3, não foi detectada correlação significativa. Situação semelhante foi evidenciada na relação entre a idade e a amplitude, que, mesmo tendo sido negativa, não foi significante. Conclusão O grupo de crianças com queixas de dificuldades de aprendizagem apresentou valores de latência do P3 maiores que as crianças do grupo sem queixas. Não foi evidenciada correlação nos valores de amplitude das ondas do P3 entre os grupos.

ABSTRACT Introduction Children with learning impairment complaints may show changes in the functioning of the central auditory system. The Long Latency Auditory Evoked Potential - P3 is useful in the functional evaluation of the central auditory structures, and can be used as an auxiliary method in the early identification of learning impairment. Purpose To analyze and compare latencies and amplitudes obtained in P3 of children that complained or not of learning impairment with normal hearing. Methods The sample consisted of 30 children complaining of learning impairment (study group) and 14 children that did not complain (control group), aged 9 years and 12 years and 11 months. All the children underwent peripheral audiologic evaluation and the P3 study. Results It was found that the mean P3 latency of the study group was significantly higher than the control group. When comparing P3 amplitude values, there was no difference, although the mean of the study group was lower when compared to the control group. It was observed that, for age and P3 latency, no significant correlation was detected. A similar situation was observed in the relation of age and amplitude, which, even though negative, it was not significant. Conclusion The group of children with learning impairment complaints presented P3 latency values greater than the children in the group of children that did not complain. No correlation was found in the P3 wave amplitude values between groups.