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Gelatinous fibretracheids as an escape mechanism for the physiological drought phenomenon
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Callado, Cátia Henriques

; Santos, Gabriel Uriel Cruz Araújo dos

; Barros, Claudia Franca

; Scarano, Fabio Rubio

; Costa, Cecilia Gonçalves

Rodriguésia

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2024, Volume 75 elocation e00952023

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Alchornea sidifolia é uma espécie arbórea utilizada na regeneração de ambientes florestais degradados e que cresce tanto em solos não alagados quanto alagados. Nós comparamos a anatomia da madeira de árvores crescendo sob ambas as condições em remanescentes de Mata Atlântica no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, para entender aspectos intraespecíficos da adaptação de espécies lenhosas tropicais a essas condições. As árvores que se desenvolvem em solos permanentemente inundados apresentaram elementos de vasos mais largos, curtos e menos frequentes; fibrotraqueídes mais largas, com maior proporção do tipo gelatinoso; e menor frequência de parênquima radial, mas com séries de parênquima axial mais longas. Esses resultados indicam que as árvores de A. sidifolia crescendo em solo permanentemente inundado não apresentam déficit hídrico e que a espécie é capaz de maximizar o uso da água nesta condição de crescimento. Essa conclusão pode estar diretamente relacionada à maior proporção de fibrotraqueídes gelatinosos em árvores de ambientes alagados e contraria o que se esperava para a anatomia do lenho de árvores sob seca fisiológica. Janeiro Brasil largos frequentes largas gelatinoso radial longas A crescimento fisiológica

Abstract Alchornea sidifolia is a tree species used in the regeneration of degraded forest environments and which grows in both non-flooded and flooded soils. We compared the wood anatomy of trees growing under both conditions in Atlantic Forest remnants in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to understand intraspecific aspects of the adaptation of tropical woody species to these conditions. Trees from permanently flooded soils showed wider, shorter, and less frequent vessel elements; wider fibretracheids, with a greater proportion of the gelatinous type; and a lower frequency of radial parenchyma, but with longer strands of axial parenchyma. These results indicate that A. sidifolia trees growing in permanently flooded sites do not show water deficit and that the species is capable of maximizing water use in this growth condition. This conclusion may be directly related to the greater proportion of gelatinous fibretracheids in flooded trees and is contrary to what was expected for wood anatomy of trees under physiological drought. nonflooded non Janeiro Brazil shorter elements type parenchyma A condition drought

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202475029

Historical records for a 16th-century monastery: the use of jacarandá-da-bahia 16thcentury thcentury 16th century th monastery jacarandádabahia jacarandá da bahia
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Siston, Thaís Ferreira

; Fragoso, Dom Mauro Maia

; Brandes, Arno Fritz das Neves

; Barros, Claudia Franca

Rodriguésia

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2024, Volume 75 elocation e00872023

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O Mosteiro de São Bento foi fundado em 1590, desde a sua fundação conta com um registro histórico composto por artefatos e publicações. Estudar peças em madeira, através da sua anatomia, nos permite saber as espécies empregadas, além dos padrões de escolhas e preferências dos artistas. Muitas peças do Mosteiro de São Bento em seus registros referem Dalbergia nigra como a madeira utilizada em sua confecção. Muitos artefatos do Mosteiro de São Bento foram confeccionados com madeira da espécie Dalbergia nigra (Leguminosae), conhecida popularmente como jacarandá-da-bahia. A pesquisa foi realizada em 36 amostras coletadas de artefatos de madeira e sete exemplares analisados in loco, relatados em documentos como D. nigra e datados do século XVII ao século XXI. As análises anatômicas macroscópicas da madeira foram realizadas seguindo os métodos usuais. Os resultados indicaram que 65% das amostras de madeira eram de D. nigra. Outras madeiras identificadas foram Cedrela sp., Tachigali sp., Paratecoma peroba, Ocotea sp. and Nectandra sp. O mobiliário e bens integrados dos séculos XVII e XX foram confeccionados em sua maioria com jacarandá-da-bahia, enquanto os do século XXI utilizaram outras madeiras. Nossos resultados corroboram outras publicações, que referem D. nigra como a principal escolha para a confecção de mobiliários eclesiásticos nos séculos XVII e XX. 1590 publicações anatomia empregadas artistas Leguminosae, Leguminosae , (Leguminosae) jacarandádabahia. jacarandádabahia jacarandá bahia. bahia jacarandá-da-bahia 3 loco D usuais 65 sp peroba jacarandádabahia, bahia, 159 (Leguminosae 6 15 1

Abstract The Monastery of St. Benedict was founded in 1590 and has a very rich historical record comprising both artifacts and written records. Anatomical study of the wood of artifacts allows the species used in each to be identified. It also reveals issues related to patterns of choice and preference of the artists. Many artifacts at the Monastery of St. Benedict were made with wood from the species Dalbergia nigra (Leguminosae), popularly known as jacarandá-da-bahia (Brazilian rosewood). Research was carried out with 36 collected samples of wooden artifacts and seven specimens analyzed in loco, reported in documents as D. nigra and dated from the 17th to the 21st centuries. Macroscopic anatomical analyses of the wood were carried out following standard methods. The results indicated that 65% of the wood samples were of D. nigra. Other woods used in furniture belonged to Cedrela sp., Tachigali sp., Paratecoma peroba, Ocotea sp. and Nectandra sp. The analyzed furniture and integrated goods from the 17th and 20th centuries were mostly made with jacarandá-da-bahia, while those of the 21st century were made with Cedrela sp., corroborating a preference for D. nigra in making ecclesiastical furniture between the 17th and 20th centuries. St 159 records identified artists Leguminosae, Leguminosae , (Leguminosae) jacarandádabahia jacarandá da bahia Brazilian rosewood. rosewood . rosewood) 3 loco D th st methods 65 sp peroba jacarandádabahia, bahia, 15 (Leguminosae 6 1

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202475037

An interactive identification key for Atlantic Forest tree species based on macroscopic wood anatomy
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Brandes, Arno Fritz das Neves

; Novello, Bruno Quiroga

; Siston, Thaís

; Nascimento, Leonardo Bona do

; Tamaio, Neusa

; Barros, Claudia Franca

Rodriguésia

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2021, Volume 72 elocation e02402020

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A Mata Atlântica é considerada um hotspot de biodiversidade devido à sua excepcional riqueza de espécies, endemismo e perda de habitat. Embora seja protegida por lei desde 2006, a extração de madeira comercial, a silvicultura e a agricultura representam ameaças a Mata Atlântica e a supressão florestal continua a ocorrer e grandes volumes de madeiras da Mata Atlântica são comercializados todos os anos. Para promover a conservação ambiental e prevenir a extração ilegal de madeira, a verificação das espécies pelos órgãos de supervisão, comerciantes e até mesmo pelos consumidores, é fundamental em várias etapas da cadeia de suprimento de madeira. A análise macroscópica da anatomia da madeira tem se mostrado um método eficiente de triagem, embora sejam necessárias ferramentas para agilizar a eficiência desse processo. Apresentamos aqui uma chave de identificação interativa para árvores da Mata Atlântica, baseada em características macroscópicas da madeira, que está disponível online em http://gbg.sites.uff.br/lamad/.

Abstract The Atlantic Forest is considered a biodiversity hotspot because of its exceptional species richness, endemism, and habitat losses. Commercial logging, industrial forestry, and agriculture represent threats to the Atlantic Forest, and even though it has been protected by law since 2006, forest suppression continues and large volumes of Atlantic Forest wood are traded every year. To promote environmental conservation and prevent illegal logging, the verification of wood species’ identifications is fundamental throughout several stages of the wood supply chain by supervisory bodies, traders, and even consumers. Macroscopic wood anatomy analysis has been shown to be an efficient method for screening, although tools to streamline the efficiency of that process are necessary. We introduce here an interactive identification key for Atlantic Forest tree species, based on standard wood macroscopic features that is now available online at http://gbg.sites.uff.br/lamad/.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202172128

The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA

; BACCARO, FABRICIO

; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA

; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA

; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA

; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS

; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO

; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.

; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO

; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS

; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.

; AKAMA, ALBERTO

; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO

; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES

; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA

; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA

; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA

; PENHA, JERRY

; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE

; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA

; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA

; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.

; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.

; MENIN, MARCELO

; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA

; ARAGÓN, SUSAN

; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO

; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO

; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E

; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA

; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO

; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA

; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS

; ANDRÉ, THIAGO

; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA

; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA

; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE

; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.

; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN

; MARQUES, RENATO

; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.

; SILVEIRA, MARCOS

; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA

; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA

; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE

; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM

; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA

; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON

; OKI, YUMI

; NOVAIS, SAMUEL

; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA

; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES

; OCHOA, ANA C.

; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.

; GATICA, AILIN

; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA

; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ

; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.

; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.

; NEME, ANDREA M.

; RUEDA, CARLA

; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE

; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS

; VALE, MARIANA M.

; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS

; CERQUEIRA, RUI

; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU

; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE

; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA

; BANHOS, AUREO

; HERO, JEAN-MARC

; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO

; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA

; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO

; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.

; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES

; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI

; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI

; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS

; FONTANA, CARLA S.

; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.

; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.

; RUEDA, MARTA P.

; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.

; PALOMO, LUCAS

; ITURRE, MARTA C.

; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY

; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 N. 2 elocation e20201604

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604 1034 downloads

Fruits of neotropical species of the tribe Malveae (Malvoideae - Malvaceae): macro- and micromorphology
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Masullo, Fernanda de Araújo

; Siqueira, Sanny Ferreia Hadibe

; Barros, Claudia Franca

; Bovini, Massimo G.

; Toni, Karen L. G. De

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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jun 2020, Volume 34 N. 2 Pages 301 - 311

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Fruit morphology of the tribe Malveae has been discussed since the first taxonomic classifications of Malvaceae. The fruits are schizocarps, with some genera possessing an endoglossum. Besides morphological variation in the endoglossum, other differences include the number seeds per locule and ornamentation of the exocarp. An in-depth study of the fruit morphology of Malveae is essential to gain insight into the relationships among taxa of the tribe. Therefore, the present study aimed to describe the fruit morphology of Malveae, including micromorphology, variation in endoglossum structure and arrangement of seeds in the locule, to comprehensively evaluate the systematic relationships among its contained taxa. The results indicate morphological variation in fruit of various genera with regard to the number of mericarps, degree of dehiscence, relationship between calyx and fruit and their relative sizes, number and morphology of spines, number of seeds per locule, presence or absence of an endoglossum, presence and types of trichomes in exocarp and endocarp, and shape and presence of trichomes in the testa of seeds. Despite the morphological proximity of taxa, there are distinct combinations of characters that define some genera, and when one or more characters overlap, joint analysis makes it possible to clarify existing relationships.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062019abb0293 964 downloads

Anatomical, Histochemical and Biological Studies of Clusia grandiflora Splitg. (Clusiaceae)
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Ribeiro, Mariana Martinelli Junqueira

; Silva, Karla Marins Mattos da

; Palavecino, Louise Azulay

; Pinto, Laine Celestino

; Ferreira, Bruno Leal Alves

; Lobão, Adriana Quintella

; Castro, Helena Carla

; Montenegro, Raquel Carvalho

; Barros, Claudia Franca

; Joffily, Ana

; Valverde, Alessandra Leda

; Paiva, Selma Ribeiro de

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2020, Volume 63 elocation e20190674

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Clusia grandiflora belongs to an important botanical family which is known for its medicinal value, however there are few reports in literature about the species, highlighting the relevance of this study. Anatomical studies with leaves and stems were performed using traditional techniques. In this investigation it was identified particularities of the species such as the presence of vascular system arranged in an opened arc-shaped with the flexed ends towards the inside of the arch with accessory bundles in the petiole. In histochemical studies, performed with different reagents, alkaloids, phenols substances, carbohydrates and lipids were located. The cytotoxic activity of the extracts was performed by tetrazole salt and showed promising results for ethanolic extracts of stems (IC50 human colon cells of 24.30 μg/ mL) and leaves (IC50 ascites gastric cells of 44.15 μg/ mL), without cell membrane disruption of erythrocytes. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by tryptic soy agar and minimal inhibitory concentration assays and showed positive results for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, with better result for adventitious roots (32 μg/ mL and 16 μg/ mL, respectively), stems (64 μg/ mL and 32 μg/ mL, respectively) and leaves (64 μg/ mL and 32 μg/ mL, respectively) ethanolic extracts. Thus, these studies were able to characterize the species and show its potential as promising source of active substances.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2020190674 367 downloads

Outer cell wall structure and the secretion mechanism of colleters of Bathysa nicholsonii K. Schum. (Rubiaceae)
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Miguel, Emilio de Castro

; Pireda, Saulo

; Barros, Claudia Franca

; Zottich, Umberto

; Gomes, Valdirene Moreira

; Miguens, Flavio Costa

; Cunha, Maura Da

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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sep 2017, Volume 31 N. 3 Pages 411 - 419

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Secretory structures are formed by many types of plants and are present on numerous different organs. Among the many types of known secretory structures, colleters are predominant on plants of the Rubiaceae. One remarkable characteristic of secretory tissues is the export of exudates; however, the precise mechanism involved in this process is still unclear. To better understand the mechanisms of exudate externalization it is necessary to understand the ultrastructure and dynamics of the outer cell wall of the secretory structures during the secretory process, and so we investigated these aspects of the colleters of Bathysa nicholsonii. The outer cell wall (OCW) exhibits multiple layers: a basal polysaccharide rich layer; a cuticular membrane, which is subdivided into arborescent and reticulated layers; and a thin cuticle proper. The structural organization of the OCW is changed during secretion passage, which is mainly related to the development of a secretion accumulation site on the polysaccharide rich layer. Secretion dynamics is driven by the organization and disruption of the secretion accumulation site. The results show that the OCW of the colleters of B. nicholsonii is a dynamic structure with an active role in secretion externalization via constant structural reorganization directly related to secretion passage.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062016abb0420 1250 downloads

Comparative wood anatomy of root and stem of Citharexylum myrianthum (Verbenaceae)
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Marcati, Carmen Regina

; Longo, Leandro Roberto

; Wiedenhoeft, Alex

; Barros, Claudia Franca

Rodriguésia

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sep 2014, Volume 65 N. 3 Pages 567 - 576

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A anatomia da madeira da raiz e do caule de Citharexylum myrianthum (Verbenaceae) que ocorre em uma área de floresta estacional semidecídua próximo à cidade de Botucatu (22º52’20”S e 48º26’37”W), estado de São Paulo, Brasil, foi estudada. Camadas de crescimento distintas, demarcadas por anel semi-poroso e faixas marginais de parênquima axial foram observadas em ambos os órgãos. As características qualitativas observadas tanto em raiz quanto em caule foram: espessamentos helicoidais finos e placas de perfuração simples e múltiplas em elementos de vaso; grandes quantidades de parênquima axial nos anéis de crescimento, em faixas marginais a confluente formando faixas irregulares no lenho inicial a aliforme losangular no lenho tardio; células do parênquima axial bifurcadas, com projeções e ondulações na parede; fibras septadas; fibras bifurcadas e com diversas terminações. Na análise quantitativa comparativa entre raiz e caule foi aplicado teste t-student que mostrou diferenças significativas na frequência e diâmetro de vasos; comprimento dos elementos de vaso; altura dos raios; índices de vulnerabilidade e mesomorfia. A madeira da raiz teve menor frequência de vasos, vasos com menor diâmetro e elementos mais longos, e raios mais altos. Os índices de vulnerabilidade e mesomorfia indicaram que as plantas de C. myrianthum são mesomórficas. As raízes parecem estar mais susceptíveis ao estresse hídrico do que os caules.

Root and stem wood anatomy of C. myrianthum (Verbenaceae) from a semideciduous seasonal forest in Botucatu municipality (22º52’20”S and 48º26’37”W), São Paulo state, Brazil, were studied. Growth increments demarcated by semi-ring porosity and marginal bands of axial parenchyma were observed in the wood of both root and stem. Many qualitative features were the same in both root and stem: fine helical thickenings, and simple and multiple perforation plates in vessel elements; large quantities of axial parenchyma in the growth rings, grading from marginal bands and confluent forming irregular bands in earlywood to lozenge aliform in latewood; axial parenchyma cells forked, and varied wall projections and undulations; septate fibres; forked and diverse fibre endings. Quantitative features differing between root and stem wood were evaluated using student’s t-test, and vessel frequency, vessel element length, vessel diameter, ray height, and vulnerability and mesomorphy indices differed significantly. Root wood had lower frequency of vessels, narrower and longer vessel elements, and taller rays than wood of the stem. The calculated vulnerability and mesomorphy indices indicated that C. myrianthum plants are mesomorphic. Roots seem to be more susceptible to water stress than the stem.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201465301 2785 downloads

Comparative leaf anatomy of neotropical Stylogyne species (Myrsinoideae - Primulaceae)
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Luna, Bruna Nunes de

; Carrijo, Tatiana Tavares

; Freitas, Maria de Fátima

; Barros, Claudia Franca

Rodriguésia

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dec 2013, Volume 64 N. 4 Pages 717 - 726

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Estudos anatômicos foram realizados com o objetivo de buscar caracteres diagnósticos para diferenciar Stylogyne depauperata, S. pauciflora, S. sordida and S. warmingii. Folhas totalmente expandidas foram submetidas aos procedimentos usuais em microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura. As espécies analisadas apresentam mesofilo dorsiventral, epiderme uniestratificada, estômatos anisocíticos, idioblastos com cristais em drusas e cavidades secretoras dispersas pelo mesofilo. Caracteres diagnósticos são a ornamentação cuticular, disposição do sistema vascular no pecíolo e forma das cavidades secretoras. As análises de variância reforçam a eficiência desses caracteres para a segregação das espécies.

Anatomical studies were performed here in order to provide diagnostic characteristics to differentiate the species Stylogyne depauperata, S. pauciflora, S. sordida and S. warmingii. Fully expanded leaves were processed by the usual techniques of optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Traits common to all species were observed, such as dorsiventral mesophyll, unistratified epidermis, anisocytic stomata, druses and secretory cavities distributed throughout the mesophyll. Cuticular ornamentation, configuration of the vascular system in the petiole and shape of the secretory cavities provide diagnostic characteristics. Variance analysis proved that these characters are potentially efficient to differentiate these species.

3121 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

10.

Variação intraespecífica do lenho de Eugenia uniflora L. em duas diferentes fitofisionomias do complexo vegetacional atlântico
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Marques, Priscila Alves

; Callado, Cátia Henriques

; Barros, Claudia Franca

; Costa, Cecília Gonçalves

Floresta e Ambiente

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dec 2012, Volume 19 N. 4 Pages 483 - 496

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Myrtaceae está entre as principais famílias lenhosas da Floresta Atlântica, destacando-se Eugenia L. como o gênero de maior riqueza de espécies na família. Eugenia uniflora L. apresenta grande representatividade em áreas de restinga, seu ambiente natural, e é amplamente cultivada em outras regiões em função da sua importância econômica. Este estudo investigou a anatomia do lenho de E. uniflora, crescendo em duas fitofisionomias do complexo vegetacional atlântico no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Dezesseis parâmetros anatômicos foram analisados e revelaram que os elementos celulares dos indivíduos de restinga apresentam maior frequência e são mais curtos e mais largos, e os raios mais baixos e largos do que os dos indivíduos crescendo na Floresta Ombrófila Densa. Os resultados mostraram como as condições ambientais influenciam a estrutura anatômica da madeira e indicam variações intraespecíficas da espécie e de seus mecanismos de adaptação e de sobrevivência no complexo Mata Atlântica.

Eugenia L. is the most species-rich genus of Myrtaceae, one of the most important wood plant families in the Atlantic Rainforest. Eugenia uniflora L. is abundant in the restinga and widely cultivated for economical purposes. This study investigated the wood anatomy of E. uniflora grown in two different plant communities of the Atlantic Rainforest complex in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Sixteen anatomical parameters were analyzed; indicating that in the trees from the Restinga, the fibers are shorter, vessel-elements are more frequent, shorter and larger, and rays are lower and wider than those found in the Dense Ombrophylous Forest. Results showed how environmental conditions influence the anatomical wood structure and reveal intraspecific variations of this species and its mechanisms of adaptation and survival in the Atlantic Rainforest complex.

https://doi.org/10.4322/floram.2012.056 2305 downloads

11.

Leaf blade anatomy and ultrastructure of six Simira species (Rubiaceae) from the Atlantic Rain Forest, Brazil
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Moraes, Tarsila Maria da Silva

; Barros, Claudia Franca

; Neto, Sebastião José da Silva

; Gomes, Valdirene Moreira

; Da Cunha, Maura

Biocell

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dec 2009, Volume 33 N. 3 Pages 155 - 165

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Simira is a predominantly woody Neotropical genus comprising 41 taxa, 16 of which occur in Brazil and eight of them in the southeastern region of Brazil. Leaf blades of Simira eliezeriana Peixoto, S. glaziovii (K. Schum.) Steyerm., S. grazielae Peixoto, S. pikia (K. Schum.) Steyerm., S. rubra (Mart.) Steyerm., S. sampaioana (Standl.) Steyerm.were collected in the southeastern region of Brazil and fixed according to usual methods for light and electron microscopy. The leaf blades show typical characteristics of the Rubiaceae family as dorsiventral mesophyll and paracytic stomata. The presence of two bundle sheaths that extend to the upper epidermal layer, prismatic crystal and crystal-sand, alkaloids in the mesophyll and the organization micromorphological of the outer periclinal wall are considered characteristics representative for the genus. This study also demonstrates some leaf blade characteristics that can be used to Simira species identification (leaf surface, domatia types, epicuticular wax types and patterns of epidermis anticlinal cell walls).

424 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

12.

Variação intraspecífica do lenho de Pseudopiptadenia contorta (DC.) G.P. Lewis & M.P. Lima (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae) de populações ocorrentes em dois remanescentes de Floresta Atlântica
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Ribeiro, Maria Luiza R. da Costa

; Barros, Claudia Franca

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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dec 2006, Volume 20 N. 4 Pages 839 - 844

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O presente trabalho compara populações distintas de Pseudopiptadenia contorta (DC.) G.P. Lewis & M.P. Lima ocorrentes em dois remanescentes de Floresta Atlântica no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram amostradas árvores de diâmetro semelhante retas e sem defeitos aparentes. Os resultados obtidos comprovam estatisticamente a ocorrência de variação intraspecífica na estrutura anatômica da madeira. Os caracteres qualitativos mantiveram-se constantes, enquanto os quantitativos variaram, sendo os significativos, de acordo com o teste t de Student, a freqüencia, comprimento e diâmetro dos elementos vasos, o comprimento e espessura da parede das fibras, a freqüência e largura dos raios. A análise dos componentes principais, utilizando características anatômicas quantitativas ordenou as duas populações separadamente. O eixo I responde por 33% da variância total principalmente pela relação positiva do diâmetro do elemento de vaso, enquanto o eixo II responde por 20% da variância total, principalmente pelo comprimento das fibras.

This study compares distinct populations of Pseudopiptadenia contorta (DC) G.P. Lewis & M.P. Lima occurring in two remnants of Atlantic rain forest in Rio de Janeiro state. Trees with similar diameters and with no apparent defects were selected. The results confirm intraspecific variation in wood anatomy. Qualitative features do not change, while according to the Student t test quantitative features showed significant differences in vessel-element frequency, width, and length, fiber length and wall thickness, and ray frequency and width. Principal component analysis showed two separate populations. Factor 1 explains 33% of the total variance, mainly due to the positive relationship of vessel-element tangential diameter; factor 2 explains 20% of the total variance, mainly due to fiber length.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062006000400009 2384 downloads

13.

Tendências ecológicas na anatomia da madeira de espécies da comunidade arbórea da Reserva Biológica de Poço das Antas, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Barros, Claudia Franca

; Marcon-Ferreira, Micheline Leite

; Callado, Cátia Henriques

; Lima, Helena Regina Pinto

; Cunha, Maura da

; Marquete, Osnir

; Costa, Cecília Gonçalves

Rodriguésia

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sep 2006, Volume 57 N. 3 Pages 443 - 460

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O trabalho propõe a utilização dos caracteres anatômicos da madeira na interpretação da estrutura da comunidade arbórea da Reserva Biológica de Poço das Antas, RJ, Brasil (22º30' e 22º33'S e 42º15' e 42º19'W). Foram analisadas 26 espécies de 14 famílias, totalizando 72 espécimens. A alta incidência de características anatômicas comuns - camadas de crescimento distintas, porosidade difusa, placas de perfuração simples, fibras de paredes delgadas a espessas, raios com freqüência de 4 a 12/mm', com 1-3 células de largura, - foi corroborada pelas análises estatísticas, o que sugere a ocorrência de um padrão anatômico. Os resultados descritos se enquadram nas tendências ecológicas para espécies de planícies tropicais, que se caracterizam por uma menor freqüência de elementos de vaso mais largos e com placas de perfuração simples. Tais caracteres propiciam o transporte de grandes volumes de água por unidade de tempo e área transversal da madeira.

ABSTRACT Wood anatomy features were used to interpretate the structure of the tree community at the Reserva Biológica de Poço das Antas, RJ, Brazil (22º30' e 22º33'S e 42º15' e 42º19'W). 26 species from 14 families and 72 specimens were analysed. The high incidence of anatomical features observed in most of species, as growth rings, difuse porosity, simple perfuration plates, thick-to-thin fibres, 1-3 rays wide and 4 to 12/mm', statistically suggested there was an anatomical pattern. Results were in accordance with ecological trends for tropical lowland species, characterized by simple perforarion plates, low frequency and widening of vessels. These features allow the conduction of large volumes of water per unit time and transectional area of wood.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860200657305 634 downloads

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