ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro fermentation products, digestibility, gas production (GP) kinetics, and enteric greenhouse emissions (CH4 and CO2) of substrates with different forage:concentrate ratios (100F, grass hay only; 100C, concentrate mixture only, and mixture, an equal proportion of them) within non-woven fabric (NWT; 100 g/m2) or F57 (Ankom®) filter bags compared to directly dispersed in the medium (DIS), arranged in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Substrates (0.5 g) were incubated using an AnkomRF GP System. Gas samples were collected during 24 and 48 h of incubation. We observed substrate × dispersion method interactions on GP at 48 h (GP48) and on in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD). The GP48 and IVOMD of the 100C substrate were greatest in DIS, intermediate in NWT, and least in F57. With mixture substrate, there were no differences in GP48 and IVOMD between DIS and NWT, but they were greater than in F57. The GP48 and IVOMD were greater in NWT than in DIS and F57 when 100F was incubated. There were no dispersion method × substrate interactions on molar proportions and total volatile fatty acids. With the increase in forage:concentrate ratio incubated, there was a linear decrease in CH4 and CO2 emission relative to organic matter digested. Overall, CH4 and CO2 emissions and digestibility were lower when substrates were incubated within filter bags. The noteworthy interaction between the incubation method and substrates indicates that the ranking of these variables for substrates with differing fermentabilities changes with the dispersion method employed. products (GP kinetics CH (CH CO forageconcentrate forage 100F, F (100F only C them nonwoven non woven (NWT 10 g/m2 gm2 gm g m2 m F5 Ankom® Ankom (Ankom® , (DIS) arrangement 0.5 05 0 5 (0. System 2 4 (GP48 IVOMD. . (IVOMD) GP4 acids digested Overall employed 1 g/m (Ankom (DIS 0. (0 (GP4 (IVOMD (

RESUMO Objetivou-se conduzir estudo colaborativo para avaliação do teor de matéria mineral em alimentos em sete laboratórios de análise de alimentos de instituições integrantes do Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Ciência Animal (INCT-CA). Avaliaram-se seis alimentos: feno de capim-braquiária, cana-deaçúcar, silagem de milho grão, farelo de soja, milho e polpa cítrica. Solicitou-se a cada laboratório que as amostras fossem analisadas por seis dias, consecutivos ou não, sendo realizadas três repetições por amostra por dia de avaliação. Foi observado variação entre laboratórios, dias de análise e efeito de interação de material e laboratório. A variação dos resultados entre laboratórios correspondeu de 33,5 a 78,2% da variação aleatória total. Verificou-se que a repetibilidade representou de 8,5 a 51,6% da reprodutibilidade. Observou-se razões de Horwitz superiores a dois para três dos materiais avaliados. Foi constatado que 42,9% das avaliações apresentaram variações das estimativas em função do dia no qual a análise foi realizada. Também foram verificadas diferenças entre procedimentos de avaliação de matéria mineral em função dos diferentes laboratórios. Os teores de matéria mineral estimados pelos laboratórios participantes deste estudo apresentam baixa reprodutibilidade, o que é agravado pela presença de efeito de interação do material avaliado e do laboratório.

SUMMARY The objective was to conduct a collaborative study to evaluate the mineral matter contents in feeds in seven feed analysis laboratories from institutions linked to the National Institute of Science and Technology in Animal Science (INCT-CA). Six feeds were evaluated: signal grass hey, sugarcane, corn silage, soybean meal, corn grain and citrus pulp. It was asked to each laboratory that the samples were analyzed for six days, consecutive or not, with three replicates per sample per day of evaluation. Variations were observed among laboratories, days of analysis and interaction effect of material and laboratory. The variation of results among laboratories accounted from 33.5 to 78.2% of the total random variation. It was verified that the repeatability represented 8.5 to 51.6% of reproducibility. It was noticed Horwitz ratios greater than 2 for three materials tested. It was found that 42.9% of the assessments show variations of the estimates as a function of days in which analysis was performed. Differences were also observed between procedures to assess mineral matter according to the different laboratories. The mineral matter contents estimate by each laboratory in this study have low reproducibility, which is aggravated by the interaction effect of material and laboratory.

RESUMO Estudo colaborativo foi conduzido para avaliação do teor de proteína bruta (PB) em diferentes amostras de alimentos em sete diferentes laboratórios de análise de alimentos de instituições integrantes do Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Ciência Animal (INCTCA). Foram utilizadas amostras de quatro alimentos (cana-de-açúcar, silagem de milho, farelo de soja e milho grão) e quatro compostos que foram assumidos como padrões para aferição da exatidão das estimativas (ureia, fosfato de amônia monobásico, ácido etileno diamínico tetra-acético e sulfato de amônio). Cada laboratório analisou as amostras durante seis dias, consecutivos ou não, sendo realizadas três repetições por amostra em cada dia de avaliação. As variâncias entre laboratórios e dentro de laboratórios (repetibilidade) representaram 34,5 e 10,3 % da variação total. A avaliação das recuperações de nitrogênio a partir dos padrões permitiu evidenciar que 25% das observações apresentaram vícios significativos de recuperação (P<0,001). A avaliação global das amostras propiciou variações significativas (P<0,001) em função: do dia de análise, interação do material com o laboratório e entre laboratórios. Adicionalmente, verificou-se que a variação dos resultados entre laboratórios correspondeu de 43,6 a 68,2% da variação aleatória total, ao passo que a repetibilidade (variação intra-laboratorial) representou de 11,9 a 42,8% da reprodutibilidade. Os teores de PB estimados pelos laboratórios participantes são dependentes do efeito de interação do material avaliado e do laboratório, possível reflexo das várias diferenças entre os procedimentos utilizados por cada laboratório.

SUMMARY A collaborative study was conducted to evaluate the crude protein (CP) content in feeds in seven feed analysis laboratories from institutions linked to the National Institute of Science and Technology in Animal Science (INCT-CA). Were evaluated four samples of different feeds (sugarcane, corn silage, soybean meal and corn grain) and four nitrogen compounds assumed as standards (urea, monobasic ammonium phosphate, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and ammonium sulfate) to measure the accuracy of the estimates. Each laboratory analyzed the samples for six days, consecutive or not, with three replicates per sample per day of evaluation. The variances among laboratories and within of laboratories (repeatability) represented 34.5 and 10.3% of the total variation, respectively. The evaluation of nitrogen recovered from the standards showed that 25% of observations presented a significant bias (P<0.001). The overall assessment of the samples demonstrated significant variations (P<0.001) in function of the day of analysis, interaction of material with laboratory, and among laboratories. Additionally, it was found that the variation among laboratories corresponded of 43.6 to 68.2% of the total of random variation, while the repeatability (intra-laboratory variation) represented of 11.9 to 42.8% of reproducibility. The CP contents estimated are dependent of the interaction effect of the evaluated material and laboratory, which reflect the differences between the procedures utilized by each laboratory.