Abstract The Cananéia-Iguape Estuarine-Lagoon Complex (CIELC) is an area of low anthropogenic impact; however, it is not completely isolated from human pressure, particularly in the northern sector. Considering this scenario, this study aims to identify the health of two catfish species Cathorops spixii and Genidens Genidens taking into account the hepatic pathological analysis and the accumulation of iron in the form of hemosiderin considering a temporal approach. Biometric measurements were taken, and the condition factor was obtained. The main liver alterations found in the two catfish species were necrosis, inflammation, hemorrhage, cytoplasmatic vacuolization, and pyknosis nuclei. Necrosis (2014: 57%; 2017: 71 %; and 2018: 20%) and pyknosis nuclei (2014: 86%; 2017: 43%; and 2018: 40%) was the most frequent alteration. However, cytoplasmatic vacuolization was the only change that was statistically significant over time. Regarding hemosiderin, catfish livers mostly presented a minimum degree of accumulation, which represents healthy results. Finally, histopathological observations in C. spixii and G. genidens catfish tissues are confirmed to be an efficient tool to evaluate the health of these fish and the changes induced by environmental conditions over the years. However, the absence of significant differences on the histopathological changes over time can suggest a physiological equilibrium of these fish in the CIELC. CananéiaIguape Cananéia Iguape EstuarineLagoon Estuarine Lagoon CIELC (CIELC impact however pressure sector scenario approach taken obtained necrosis inflammation hemorrhage 2014 (2014 57% 57 2017 7 % 2018 20% 20 86% 86 43% 43 40% 40 alteration However results Finally C G years 201 (201 5 2 8 4 (20 (2 (

Abstract one of the leading causes of global biodiversity loss is the introduction of non-native species with high potential for invasion, and fish farms are largely responsible for introducing these species into continental aquatic ecosystems. To assess the possible impacts caused by the introduction of fish species from fishing grounds in natural areas in the Baixada Santista watershed (São Paulo, State, Brazil), the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit (AS-ISK) was used. The study showed that escaped species, primarily caused by the water drainage system of fishing ground tanks and dispersion by birds, can cause significant damage to the conservation of native species. Therefore, it is imperative to establish management practices for cultivated species and frequently monitor the physical-chemical and microbiological parameters of water quality in ponds. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Trahira (Hoplias malabaricus) showed a high risk of invasion. Conversely, Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) was classified as medium risk, highlighting the importance of this species for breeding in fish farming systems and recreational fishing activities conducted in fishing grounds. nonnative non invasion ecosystems São Paulo State Brazil, Brazil , Brazil) ASISK AS ISK (AS-ISK used birds Therefore physicalchemical physical chemical ponds Clarias gariepinus, gariepinus gariepinus) Oreochromis niloticus, niloticus niloticus) Cyprinus carpio Hoplias malabaricus Conversely Colossoma macropomum

Abstract The assessment of water quality using multiple abiotic and biological indicators is very important for understanding anthropogenic impacts and the health of the ecosystem. The Olaria is a short river system that flows into the Cananeia estuary. This aquatic system crosses the urban center of the city of Cananeia, where it eventually receives untreated domestic wastewater. This study aims to apply multi-indicators of environmental pollution to understand the influence of the Olaria system on the Cananeia estuary. For this purpose, indicators of water quality and genotoxic and pathological responses in fish were used. Data on salinity, pH, and silicates in surface water indicate a more accentuated continental influence in the inner part of the Olaria river system. Moreover, the data recorded on the inner area of the Olaria system, which presents lower hydrodynamic characteristics and the largest urban population, indicated the presence of dissolved oxygen and nutrients (phosphate [P-PO4 -3], nitrite [N-NO2-], and ammonium [N-NH4+]) at levels that exceed the established limits for water quality by the Brazilian environmental legislation (Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente - CONAMA). The presence of Escherichia coli in all analyzed water samples indicates a local or point source of domestic wastewater contamination near the Olaria system. Fish species such as Centropomus undecimalis (Robalo Flexa) and Sphoeroides testudineus (Baiacu Pintado) showed toxicogenetic damage, indicating clastogenic and/or aneugenic exposure in the aquatic environment. Hepatic pathologies such as pyknosis nuclei, inflammation, hepatocyte swelling, and necrosis were found in all specimens evaluated, and C. undecimallis exhibited all these pathological changes. These results highlight the importance of biomonitoring the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on the aquatic biota that frequent the Olaria system and are dependent on the water quality. ecosystem estuary multiindicators multi purpose used salinity pH Moreover population phosphate PPO4 PPO P PO4 PO [P-PO 3, 3 , -3] NNO2, NNO2 NNO N NO2 NO [N-NO2-] NNH4+ NNH4 NNH NH4+ NH4 NH [N-NH4+] Conselho CONAMA. CONAMA . CONAMA) Robalo Flexa Baiacu Pintado damage andor environment nuclei inflammation swelling evaluated C changes -3 [N-NO2- [N-NH4+ [N-NO2 [N-NH4 [N-NO [N-NH

Abstract Fish age can be estimated with the use of age rings in calcified structures, such as otoliths. However, it is important to select an appropriate axis for counting the number of increments and to confirm that the age rings are visible in the otolith and interpreted correctly. In this study, the distance between consecutive age rings in the lapillus otoliths of Cathorops spixii and Genidens genidens catfish from the Cananéia-Iguape Estuarine– Lagoon Complex was measured along otoliths at predetermined 90° and 150° axes. In general, the number of increments observed per otolith ranged from 1 to 14 for both species. The positive linear relationship between the total length of the fish and the radius of the age rings suggests that otolith size is a reliable somatic proxy of C. spixii (=0.872) and G. genidens (=0.896). The axes chosen to measure the distances of each increment were proven accurate, especially the straight axis. Our study indicates that the 90º and 150º angles can be used for increment counting, but caution is required for otoliths with the same growth morphology: potentially confusing increments are more prevalent along the 150º axis, and this may hinder increment analysis of G. genidens and C. spixii. Therefore, the 90º axis provides better visualization of the closest opaque and translucent zones and should be prioritized for increment counting in the C. spixii and G. genidens ariids. structures However correctly CananéiaIguape Cananéia Iguape Estuarine 90 150 general species C =0.872 0872 0 872 (=0.872 G =0.896. 0896 =0.896 . 896 (=0.896) accurate º morphology Therefore ariids 9 15 =0.87 087 87 (=0.87 089 =0.89 89 (=0.896 =0.8 08 8 (=0.8 (=0.89 =0. (=0. =0 (=0 = (= (

Abstract Some fish species can be used as target species and bioindicators of environmental disturbances. In this context, biological indicators such as the length, weight, and height of lapillus otoliths of the ariid species Cathorops spixii and Genidens genidens were considered bioindicators of contamination of the Cananéia-Iguape estuarinelagoon complex (CIELC) in this study. The CIELC is an estuary with spatial and temporal differences regarding its hydrobiochemical properties and this characteristic has been related to changes in biological predictors such as the otolith morphometrics of estuarine fish. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the responses of otolith dimensions to sexual and temporal changes, throughout the CIELC. In total, 163 wild catfish C. spixii and 55 G. genidens were collected during the winter period of 2009, 2017, and 2018 in the CIELC. In general, the weight and length of lapillus otoliths of C. spixii and G. genidens were good metrics adjusted to fish growth. Females of C. spixii were significantly larger than males and subadults and there were no significant differences regarding the sexual approach of G. genidens. The temporal approach showed significant differences between the years for both catfish. C. spixii sampled in 2009 and 2018 showed greater total length (TL) and total weight (TW) when compared with fish from 2014 and 2017 (p < 0.05). G. genidens collected in 2018 had greater TL and TW than the specimens sampled in the other years (p < 0.05). Otolith dimensions seem to have followed this same pattern, since females of C. spixii had higher values for otolith weight, height, and length than males and subadults (p < 0.05). The data obtained in this study can be a potential tool for application combined with other ecological analyses and conservation studies in the CIELC. disturbances context CananéiaIguape Cananéia Iguape (CIELC Therefore 16 C 5 G 201 general growth 200 (TL (TW p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) pattern 1 20 00 0.0 2 0.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir el uso de la escala de Fugulin para la clasificación de pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados en una unidad respiratoria como subsidio para la asignación de recursos humanos, ante el aumento de casos de Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Grave. Método: Relato de experiencia con recolección de datos de registros médicos, realizado en un hospital infantil de la región metropolitana de Curitiba, aprobado por la Institución y por el Comité de Ética en Investigación con Seres Humanos. Resultados: Entre febrero y mayo de 2022, el porcentaje de pacientes categorizados en cuidados mínimos e intermedios disminuyó en 53 y 11,4%, respectivamente, mientras que los de alta dependencia y cuidados semiintensivos se expandieron a un 31,2 y un 84,2%. Además, en tan solo cuatro meses se registró un aumento considerable de la positividad de virologías respecto a los doce meses de 2021. Se comprobó la susceptibilidad de los niños al desarrollo de infección respiratoria grave a través de la disminución de virologías con resultados indetectables. Conclusión: Los resultados obtenidos permitieron concluir que hubo un aumento significativo en la complejidad de los pacientes ingresados en la unidad respiratoria, demostrando que es fundamental disponer de un equipo de enfermería compatible con las necesidades asistenciales. Objetivo humanos Grave Método médicos Curitiba Humanos Resultados 2022 5 114 11 4 11,4% respectivamente 312 31 2 31, 842 84 84,2% Además 2021 indetectables Conclusión asistenciales 202 1 11,4 3 8 84,2 20 11, 84,

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the use of the Fugulin scale to classify pediatric patients hospitalized in a respiratory unit as a subsidy for the allocation of human resources given the increase in cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. Method: Experience report conducted in a children’s hospital in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba with data collection from medical records and approved by the Institution and by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: Between February and May 2022, the percentage of patients categorized in minimal and intermediate care decreased by 53 and 11.4%, respectively, while those in high dependency and semi-intensive care expanded by 31.2 and 84.2%. In addition, in just four months, there was a considerable increase in the positivity of virologies compared to the twelve months of 2021. The susceptibility of children to the development of severe respiratory infection was proven through the decrease in virologies with undetectable results. Conclusion: The results obtained allowed us to conclude there was a significant increase in the complexity of patients admitted to the respiratory unit, showing it is essential to provide a nursing team compatible with the care needs. Objective Syndrome Method childrens s Committee Results 2022 5 114 11 4 11.4% respectively semiintensive semi intensive 312 31 2 31. 842 84 84.2% addition 2021 Conclusion needs 202 1 11.4 3 8 84.2 20 11. 84.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever sobre a utilização da escala de Fugulin para classificação de pacientes pediátricos internados em uma unidade respiratória como subsídio para a alocação de recursos humanos, diante do aumento de casos de Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave. Método: Relato de experiência com coleta de dados em prontuário, realizado em um hospital infantil da região metropolitana de Curitiba, aprovado pela Instituição e pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos. Resultados: Entre fevereiro a maio de 2022, a porcentagem dos pacientes categorizados em cuidados mínimos e intermediários decaiu em 53 e 11,4%, respectivamente, ao passo que os de cuidados de alta dependência e semi-intensivos expandiram 31,2 e 84,2%. Além disso, em apenas quatro meses, houve aumento considerável na positividade das virologias em comparação aos doze meses de 2021. A suscetibilidade das crianças ao desenvolvimento de infecção respiratória grave foi comprovada através da diminuição de virologias com resultados não detectáveis. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que houve um aumento expressivo da complexidade dos pacientes admitidos na unidade respiratória, sendo essencial o provimento de equipe de enfermagem compatível com as necessidades de cuidados. Objetivo humanos Grave Método prontuário Curitiba Humanos Resultados 2022 5 114 11 4 11,4% respectivamente semiintensivos semi intensivos 312 31 2 31, 842 84 84,2% disso 2021 detectáveis Conclusão 202 1 11,4 3 8 84,2 20 11, 84,

Abstract The construction of a data bank concerning metal and metalloid content of bioindicator fish from coastal areas is very important as it can help environmental managers in decision making. In natural conditions, the concentration of elements can be influenced by abiotic parameters such as water salinity. In this study, catfish Cathorops spixii were evaluated concerning the total arsenic (As) concentration in the muscle tissues of individuals subjected to different abiotic conditions in the Cananéia-Iguape Estuarine-Lagoon Complex (CIELC), which was recently included on the Ramsar list of wetlands of international importance. Seventy-four catfish were seasonally caught in the northern and southern regions of the CIELC and their hydrochemical parameters were obtained. C. spixii from the southern, best preserved, area showed arsenic concentrations around ten times higher than the maximum limit established for fish intended for human consumption. However, these high concentrations of arsenic could be associated with the abiotic parameters of the water, such as salinity variations, in this area. making study As (As CananéiaIguape Cananéia Iguape EstuarineLagoon Estuarine Lagoon CIELC, , (CIELC) importance Seventyfour Seventy four obtained C preserved consumption However variations (CIELC

Resumo Em países desenvolvidos, a violência é a principal causa de lesões bucomaxilofaciais (LBMF). No Brasil, há poucas evidências sobre tais lesões. Objetivou-se caracterizar as LBMF resultantes de agressão física em uma capital do nordeste brasileiro e analisar diferenças entre gêneros. Foram investigados 15.847 laudos do Instituto Médico Legal de São Luís/MA, ocorridos em 2012. Coletaram-se dados socioeconômicos, demográficos e características das LBMF. Utilizaram-se os testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher para avaliar diferenças entre gêneros. Dos casos periciados, 1977 eram LBMF. Vítimas do sexo feminino, com 20-59 anos de idade, cor parda, sem companheiro e empregadas foram mais afetadas. Lesões do tipo equimose, nas regiões bucinadora e labial, decorrentes do uso de instrumentos contundentes, ocasionando debilidade funcional permanente foram mais incidentes em mulheres (P < 0,05), ao passo que fratura dental, ferida contusa e perfurocontusa, decorrentes de instrumentos cortantes e perfurocontundentes, ocasionando deformidade permanente, incapacidade ocupacional e perigo de vida, em homens (P < 0,05). Conclui-se que a incidência de LBMF decorrente de agressão física é alta em São Luís, MA, e, embora as mulheres sejam mais acometidas, as LBMF em homens são mais severas.

Abstract In developed countries, violence is the main cause of oral maxillofacial (OMF) injuries. In Brazil, there are scant records of such lesions. The scope of this study was to detail the OMF injuries resulting from physical aggression in a capital of the Brazilian northeast and analyze gender differences. The Forensic Medicine Institute of São Luís, state of Maranhão, featured 15,847 reports, which occurred in 2012, and they were investigated. Socioeconomic, demographic data and OMF characteristics were analyzed. The Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact tests were applied to assess gender differences. Of the cases examined, 1977 were OMF. Female victims, aged 20-59, dark-skinned, without a partner and maids were the most affected. Ecchymosis-type lesions, in the mouth and lip regions arising from the use of blunt instruments, causing permanent functional impairment, were the most prevalent in women (P < 0.05), whereas dental fracture and contusion arising from sharp instruments causing permanent deformity, occupational disability, and threat to life were detected in men (P < 0.05). The conclusion drawn is that the incidence of OMF due to physical aggression is high in São Luís, state of Maranhão, and although women are the most affected, the OMF in men are more severe.

Resumo Em países desenvolvidos, a violência é a principal causa de lesões bucomaxilofaciais (LBMF). No Brasil, há poucas evidências sobre tais lesões. Objetivou-se caracterizar as LBMF resultantes de agressão física em uma capital do nordeste brasileiro e analisar diferenças entre gêneros. Foram investigados 15.847 laudos do Instituto Médico Legal de São Luís/MA, ocorridos em 2012. Coletaram-se dados socioeconômicos, demográficos e características das LBMF. Utilizaram-se os testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher para avaliar diferenças entre gêneros. Dos casos periciados, 1977 eram LBMF. Vítimas do sexo feminino, com 20-59 anos de idade, cor parda, sem companheiro e empregadas foram mais afetadas. Lesões do tipo equimose, nas regiões bucinadora e labial, decorrentes do uso de instrumentos contundentes, ocasionando debilidade funcional permanente foram mais incidentes em mulheres (P < 0,05), ao passo que fratura dental, ferida contusa e perfurocontusa, decorrentes de instrumentos cortantes e perfurocontundentes, ocasionando deformidade permanente, incapacidade ocupacional e perigo de vida, em homens (P < 0,05). Conclui-se que a incidência de LBMF decorrente de agressão física é alta em São Luís, MA, e, embora as mulheres sejam mais acometidas, as LBMF em homens são mais severas.

Abstract In developed countries, violence is the main cause of oral maxillofacial (OMF) injuries. In Brazil, there are scant records of such lesions. The scope of this study was to detail the OMF injuries resulting from physical aggression in a capital of the Brazilian northeast and analyze gender differences. The Forensic Medicine Institute of São Luís, state of Maranhão, featured 15,847 reports, which occurred in 2012, and they were investigated. Socioeconomic, demographic data and OMF characteristics were analyzed. The Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact tests were applied to assess gender differences. Of the cases examined, 1977 were OMF. Female victims, aged 20-59, dark-skinned, without a partner and maids were the most affected. Ecchymosis-type lesions, in the mouth and lip regions arising from the use of blunt instruments, causing permanent functional impairment, were the most prevalent in women (P < 0.05), whereas dental fracture and contusion arising from sharp instruments causing permanent deformity, occupational disability, and threat to life were detected in men (P < 0.05). The conclusion drawn is that the incidence of OMF due to physical aggression is high in São Luís, state of Maranhão, and although women are the most affected, the OMF in men are more severe.

Abstract: The human impact on estuarine regions results in an increasing concentration of trace elements in the environment, exposing aquatic organisms. In this study, Zn, Co, Cr, and As were determined in the muscle tissue of some fish species from Santos-São Vicente (SSV), a recognized polluted region, and in the Cananeia estuary (CAN). Genotoxicity was also determined for the evaluation of the chronic effect on ichthyofauna, to enlarge the bank of environmental data regarding the effects of pollution, and to suggest other fish bioindicator species that may contribute to monitoring programs. The obtained data showed a similar profile of an accumulation of Co and Zn in Micropogonias furnieri and Chaetodipterus faber, where: Santos Bay > CAN > inner area of SSV. A low frequency of micronucleus was observed. However, in general, fish from the inner area of the SSV estuary presented more nuclear abnormalities than fish from Santos Bay and CAN. In the inner area of SSV, Centropomus paralelus and Diapterus rhomneus showed more changes than other fish species. It was possible to consider that the habits of each species, contributed to a different profile of trace element accumulation, followed by the chemical components in the organism offering different vulnerability.

Resumo Introdução A anemia é um evento muito frequente entre mulhres grávidas. Existem evidências de diferenças na incidência de cárie dentária entre mulheres grávidas e não grávidas,mas a relação entre o íon ferro (Fe) salivar, osmarcadores séricos de anemia e o desenvolvimento de cárie não foi investigada. Objetivo Avaliar a correlação entre os parâmetros salivares (Fe) e séricos (Fe, ferritina e hemoglobina) em gestantes e o desenvolvimento de cárie dentária. Métodos Uma coorte prospectiva foi conduzida com 59 mulheres. O desfecho de interesse foi representado por novas lesões de cárie durante a gravidez, medido pelo critério Nyvad. Mulheres grávidas foram avaliadas em três tempos clínicos: até a 16ª semana de idade gestacional (IG) (T1), no último trimestre de gravidez (T2), e no puerpério (T3), na Unidade Materno-infantil do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão. A amostra de saliva estimulada foi coletada para análise bioquímica de Fe salivar, e a amostra de sangue foi coletada no início da manhã. A correlação entre o Fe salivar e o Fe sérico foi avaliada através do teste de correlação de Pearson. Os testes ANOVA e Kruskal-Wallis foram utilizados para comparar parâmetros de anemia em diferentes momentos. Os testes t de Student e Mann-Whitney foram utilizados para comparar os parâmetros da anemia entre os grupos de gestantes (come sem lesões de cárie). Resultados As concentrações séricas de Fe foram maiores no primeiro trimestre de gestação e menores após o parto (p = 0,036). Observou-se também que as concentrações de ferritina forammaiores no primeiro trimestre emenores no final da gestação (p = 0,011). Não houve associação entre as exposições e o desenvolvimento de cárie dentária. Houve correlação positiva entre o Fe sérico em T1 e o Fe salivar em T2 (p < 0,05). Conclusão Os marcadores séricos de anemia foram mais prevalentes no último trimestre de gestação.

Abstract Introduction Anemia is a very frequent event among pregnant women. There are evidences of differences in the incidence of dental caries between pregnant and nonpregnant women, but the relationship between salivary iron (Fe) and serummarkers of anemia and caries development has not been investigated. Objective To evaluate the correlation between salivary (Fe) and serum iron (Fe, ferritin and hemoglobin) parameters in pregnant women with the development of dental caries. Methods A prospective cohort was conducted with 59 women. The outcome of interest was represented by new dental caries lesions during pregnancy, using the Nyvad criteria. Pregnant women were evaluated at three clinical times: up to the 16th week of gestational age (GA) (T1), in the last trimester of pregnancy (T2), and postpartum (T3), at the Mother and Child Unit ofUniversityHospital of the Universidade Federal doMaranhão.A stimulated saliva sample was collected for biochemical analysis of salivary Fe, and a blood sample was collected early in the morning. The correlation between salivary and serum Fe was evaluated through the Pearson correlation test. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis were used to compare the means of anemia parameters at different times. The Student's t and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare the anemia parameters between the groups of pregnant women (with and without new caries lesions). Results SerumFe concentrationswere higher in the first trimester of pregnancy and lower after delivery (p = 0.036). It was also observed that the ferritin concentrations were higher in the first trimester and lower at the end of gestation (p = 0.011). Therewas no association between the expositions of salivary iron and anemia, and the development of dental caries. There was a positive correlation between serum Fe in T1 and salivary Fe in T2 (p < 0.05). Conclusion The serummarkers of anemiaweremore prevalent in the last trimester of pregnancy.

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso e a necessidade de prótese dentária entre os idosos brasileiros (65-74 anos) e verificar fatores associados. Foram analisados dados de 7.496 idosos participantes do Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Bucal realizado em 2010 (SBBrasil, 2010). O uso e a necessidade de prótese dentária foram usados como desfechos. As variáveis de exposição incluíram características demográficas, socioeconômicas, de uso de serviços e de autopercepção da saúde bucal. Análises descritiva, bivariada e multivariada foram realizadas. A prevalência de uso e necessidade de prótese dentária foi de 78,2% e 68,7%, respectivamente. A Região Nordeste foi a que apresentou a menor prevalência de uso (71,3%) e a maior de necessidade prótese dentária (82,9%). As análises multivariadas por meio de regressão de Poisson revelaram maior uso de prótese dentária em mulheres, naqueles com 5 a 7 anos de estudos e nos que foram a serviço particular, e houve menor uso em indivíduos pretos e com necessidade autorreferida de prótese dentária. Menor necessidade de prótese dentária foi observada em mulheres e nos usuários de serviço particular, e maior naqueles que autorreferiram necessidade de prótese dentária. Diferenças regionais foram observadas na distribuição do uso e da necessidade de prótese dentária. Ainda assim, os achados revelaram altas prevalências de ambos os desfechos em todas as regiões. Variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e de uso de serviços influenciaram a ocorrência de uso e de necessidade de prótese dentária.

Abstract: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the use of and need for dental prostheses among elderly Brazilians (65-74 years of age) and to verify associated factors. Data were analyzed from 7,496 elderly participants in the National Oral Health Survey in 2010 (SBBrazil 2010). Use of and need for dental prosthesis were the outcomes. The exposure variables included demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, dental services use, and self-rated oral health. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed. Prevalence rates for use of and need for dental prostheses were 78.2% and 68.7%, respectively. The Southeast Region had the highest prevalence of use (71.3%) and the greatest need for dental prostheses (82.9%). Multivariate Poisson regression analyses showed greater use of dental prostheses by women, individuals with 5 to 7 years of schooling, and users of private dental services, and lower use by black individuals and those with self-reported need for dental prostheses. Less need for dental prostheses was seen in women and in users of private services, and greater need in those with self-reported need for dental prostheses. Regional differences were seen in the distribution of use and need for dental prostheses. Still, the findings showed high prevalence rates for both outcomes in all regions of Brazil. Socioeconomic and demographic variables and use of dental services influenced the use of and need for dental prostheses.

Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el uso y la necesidad de prótesis dentales entre los ancianos brasileiros (65-74 años) y verificar sus factores asociados. Se analizaron datos de 7.496 ancianos participantes en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Bucal, realizada en 2010 (SBBrasil 2010). El uso y la necesidad de prétesis dentales se usaron como resultados. Las variables de exposición incluyeron características demográficas, socioeconómicas, de uso de servicios y de autopercepción de salud bucal. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, bivariados y multivariados. La prevalencia de uso y necesidad de prótesis dentales fue de un 78,2% y 68,7%, respectivamente. La región nordeste fue la que presentó la menor prevalencia de uso (71,3%) y la mayor de necesidad prótesis dentales (82,9%). Los análisis multivariados, mediante la regresión de Poisson, revelaron un mayor uso de prótesis dentales en mujeres, en aquellos con 5 a 7 años de estudios y en los que fueron a servicios privados, y hubo un menor uso en individuos negros y con necesidad autorreferida de prótesis dentales. Se observó una menor necesidad de prótesis dentales en mujeres y en los usuarios de servicios particulares, y mayor en aquellos que autoinformaron una necesidad de prótesis dentales. Se observaron diferencias regionales en la distribución del uso y necesidad de prótesis dentales. Incluso así, los hallazgos revelaron altas prevalencias de ambos en los resultados en todas las regiones. Variables socioeconómicas, demográficas y de uso de servicios influenciaron la ocurrencia de uso y necesidad de prótesis dentales.

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso e a necessidade de prótese dentária entre os idosos brasileiros (65-74 anos) e verificar fatores associados. Foram analisados dados de 7.496 idosos participantes do Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Bucal realizado em 2010 (SBBrasil, 2010). O uso e a necessidade de prótese dentária foram usados como desfechos. As variáveis de exposição incluíram características demográficas, socioeconômicas, de uso de serviços e de autopercepção da saúde bucal. Análises descritiva, bivariada e multivariada foram realizadas. A prevalência de uso e necessidade de prótese dentária foi de 78,2% e 68,7%, respectivamente. A Região Nordeste foi a que apresentou a menor prevalência de uso (71,3%) e a maior de necessidade prótese dentária (82,9%). As análises multivariadas por meio de regressão de Poisson revelaram maior uso de prótese dentária em mulheres, naqueles com 5 a 7 anos de estudos e nos que foram a serviço particular, e houve menor uso em indivíduos pretos e com necessidade autorreferida de prótese dentária. Menor necessidade de prótese dentária foi observada em mulheres e nos usuários de serviço particular, e maior naqueles que autorreferiram necessidade de prótese dentária. Diferenças regionais foram observadas na distribuição do uso e da necessidade de prótese dentária. Ainda assim, os achados revelaram altas prevalências de ambos os desfechos em todas as regiões. Variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e de uso de serviços influenciaram a ocorrência de uso e de necessidade de prótese dentária.

Abstract: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the use of and need for dental prostheses among elderly Brazilians (65-74 years of age) and to verify associated factors. Data were analyzed from 7,496 elderly participants in the National Oral Health Survey in 2010 (SBBrazil 2010). Use of and need for dental prosthesis were the outcomes. The exposure variables included demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, dental services use, and self-rated oral health. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed. Prevalence rates for use of and need for dental prostheses were 78.2% and 68.7%, respectively. The Southeast Region had the highest prevalence of use (71.3%) and the greatest need for dental prostheses (82.9%). Multivariate Poisson regression analyses showed greater use of dental prostheses by women, individuals with 5 to 7 years of schooling, and users of private dental services, and lower use by black individuals and those with self-reported need for dental prostheses. Less need for dental prostheses was seen in women and in users of private services, and greater need in those with self-reported need for dental prostheses. Regional differences were seen in the distribution of use and need for dental prostheses. Still, the findings showed high prevalence rates for both outcomes in all regions of Brazil. Socioeconomic and demographic variables and use of dental services influenced the use of and need for dental prostheses.

Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el uso y la necesidad de prótesis dentales entre los ancianos brasileiros (65-74 años) y verificar sus factores asociados. Se analizaron datos de 7.496 ancianos participantes en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Bucal, realizada en 2010 (SBBrasil 2010). El uso y la necesidad de prétesis dentales se usaron como resultados. Las variables de exposición incluyeron características demográficas, socioeconómicas, de uso de servicios y de autopercepción de salud bucal. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, bivariados y multivariados. La prevalencia de uso y necesidad de prótesis dentales fue de un 78,2% y 68,7%, respectivamente. La región nordeste fue la que presentó la menor prevalencia de uso (71,3%) y la mayor de necesidad prótesis dentales (82,9%). Los análisis multivariados, mediante la regresión de Poisson, revelaron un mayor uso de prótesis dentales en mujeres, en aquellos con 5 a 7 años de estudios y en los que fueron a servicios privados, y hubo un menor uso en individuos negros y con necesidad autorreferida de prótesis dentales. Se observó una menor necesidad de prótesis dentales en mujeres y en los usuarios de servicios particulares, y mayor en aquellos que autoinformaron una necesidad de prótesis dentales. Se observaron diferencias regionales en la distribución del uso y necesidad de prótesis dentales. Incluso así, los hallazgos revelaron altas prevalencias de ambos en los resultados en todas las regiones. Variables socioeconómicas, demográficas y de uso de servicios influenciaron la ocurrencia de uso y necesidad de prótesis dentales.

Resumo O presente artigo trata de pesquisas desenvolvidas, ao longo dos últimos cinco anos, pelo Grupo de Estudos em Raciocínio Combinatório do Centro de Educação da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – Geração. As linhas de investigação do grupo são apresentadas, bem como seus principais referenciais teóricos. Nas investigações realizadas pelo grupo, recursos didáticos são analisados e são apresentados e discutidos resultados de pesquisas desenvolvidas junto a estudantes de distintos níveis e modalidades de ensino, bem como são debatidos estudos realizados com professores da Educação Básica. O conjunto de resultados obtidos possibilita reflexões referentes a como o raciocínio combinatório se desenvolve, quais as dificuldades a serem superadas e como práticas podem ser mais eficientes no ensino de Combinatória.

Abstract This paper presents research carried out over the past five years, by the Grupo de Estudos em Raciocínio Combinatório do Centro de Educação da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – Geração. The group's research lines are presented in the paper, as well as the main theoretical references used. Investigation by the group on teaching resources are analysed, research results developed with students of different levels and types of education are presented and discussed, as well as studies with K-12 teachers. The set of results obtained enable reflections concerning how combinatorial reasoning develops, what are the difficulties to be overcome and how practices can be more effective in teaching Combinatorics.