Abstract Occlusal stabilization splints are the most common treatment for controlling the deleterious effects of sleep bruxism. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost, mixed occlusal splint (MOS) compared to that of a rigid splint. A randomized clinical trial was performed on 43 adults of both sexes with possible sleep bruxism and satisfactory dental conditions. They were divided into rigid occlusal splint (ROS) (n = 23) and MOS (n = 20) groups. Masticatory muscle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain intensity (visual analog scale), quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF), indentations in the oral mucosa, anxiety, and depression (HADS), number of days of splint use, and splint wear were evaluated. All variables were evaluated at baseline (T0), 6 months (T6), and 12 months (T12) after splint installation (T0), and splint wear was evaluated at T6 and T12. Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, non-parametric Friedman’s analysis of variance for paired samples and pairwise multiple comparisons, Pearson’s chi-square test, two-proportion z-test, non-parametric McNemar’s and Cochran’s Q, and Wilcoxon tests were used (p < 0.05). In both groups, there was a decrease in TMJ pain and pain intensity over time and improvements in the quality of life scores. At T6, there was a higher rate of splint wear in the MOS group than in the ROS group (p = 0.023). The MOS showed a higher rate of wear than the rigid splint but had similar results for the other variables. Therefore, the use of a mixed splint appears to be effective in controlling the signs and symptoms of sleep bruxism. lowcost, lowcost low cost, cost low-cost (MOS 4 conditions (ROS n 23 20 groups (TMJ visual scale, scale , scale) WHOQOLBREF, WHOQOLBREF WHOQOL BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) mucosa anxiety HADS, HADS (HADS) T0, T0 T (T0) (T6) 1 T12 (T12 Students Student s ttest, ttest t test t-test MannWhitney Mann Whitney nonparametric non parametric Friedmans Friedman comparisons Pearsons Pearson chisquare chi square twoproportion two proportion ztest, ztest z z-test McNemars McNemar Cochrans Cochran Q p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) scores 0.023. 0023 0.023 023 0.023) Therefore 2 (WHOQOL-BREF (HADS (T0 (T6 T1 (T1 00 0.0 002 0.02 02 (T 0.

ABSTRACT Purpose To determine the relationship between mastication and malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults. Research strategies To establish the eligibility criteria, the acronym PECOS was used: Population: non-institutionalized older adults; Exposure: older adults with malnutrition; Control: older adults without malnutrition; Outcome: masticatory problems in malnourished older adults; Study types: observational studies. Selection criteria It selected studies assessing malnutrition and mastication difficulties in non-institutionalized adults over 60 years old, of both sexes. Mastication and malnutrition were evaluated with questionnaires on self-reported symptoms and clinical and instrumental assessments. There were no restrictions on language, year of publication, or ethnicity. Data analysis The included studies were evaluated for methodological quality with the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for cross-sectional studies. For the cross-sectional studies included, the odds ratio (OR) was calculated with 95% confidence intervals. Results After searching the databases, 692 references were retrieved, with three studies selected for quantitative and qualitative analysis. The values obtained in the meta-analysis for association show that malnutrition and mastication difficulties were 2.21 times as likely to occur (OR = 2.21; 95%CI = 0.93 – 5.26; I2 = 94%) as individuals without malnutrition (p < 0.001). The assessment of the risk of bias presented a high-risk, a moderate-risk, and a low-risk study. The certainty of evidence was rated very low with the GRADE tool. Conclusion Individuals at risk of malnutrition are 2.21 times as likely to have mastication difficulties. communitydwelling community dwelling used Population noninstitutionalized non institutionalized Exposure Control Outcome types 6 old sexes selfreported self reported assessments language publication ethnicity crosssectional cross sectional OR 95 intervals databases 69 retrieved metaanalysis meta 221 2 21 2.2 95CI CI 093 0 93 0.9 5.26 526 5 26 I 94% 94 p 0.001. 0001 0.001 . 001 0.001) highrisk, highrisk high risk, high-risk moderaterisk, moderaterisk moderate moderate-risk lowrisk study 9 22 2. 09 0. 5.2 52 000 0.00 00 5. 0.0

ABSTRACT Purpose To systematically review the literature regarding the impact of prematurity on the transition of food consistencies in infants during the introduction of complementary feeding. Research strategies Searches were conducted in the EMBASE, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), LIVIVO, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, Google Scholar; for gray literature, searches were conducted on Open Gray, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses databases, from August 10, 2020, onwards. Selection criteria “PECOS” was selected to determine inclusion criteria: Population (P): Infants; Exposure (E): Prematurity; Comparison (C): Full-term newborns; Outcomes (O): Progression of food consistencies in premature newborns with or without comparison; Study design (S): Cohort study, Case-control; Cross-sectional. Data analysis The methodological quality of the selected observational studies was assessed using the Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (MASTARI). Results A total of 3,310 articles were found, of which nine were selected for qualitative synthesis. Among the selected studies, a relationship between invasive oral interventions and feeding difficulties was observed for all assessed skills, with feeding difficulties being more frequent in infants with lower gestational age. Conclusion Most studies found no significant relationship between prematurity and difficulties in the progression of food consistencies during the introduction of complementary feeding; only three studies demonstrated such a relationship. EMBASE LILACS, LILACS , (LILACS) LIVIVO PubMedMedline PubMed Medline PubMed/Medline Scopus databases Scholar Gray 10 2020 onwards PECOS “PECOS P (P) Infants E (E) Prematurity C (C) Fullterm Full term O (O) comparison S (S) study Casecontrol Case control Case-control Crosssectional. Crosssectional Cross sectional. sectional Cross-sectional MetaAnalysis Meta Analysis MASTARI. MASTARI . (MASTARI) 3310 3 310 3,31 synthesis skills age (LILACS 1 202 (P (E (C (O (S (MASTARI 331 31 3,3 20 33 3, 2

RESUMO Objetivo Revisar a literatura de maneira sistematizada acerca da relação do impacto da prematuridade na transição das consistências alimentares em lactentes no período de introdução da alimentação complementar. Estratégia de pesquisa Foram pesquisados os bancos de dados EMBASE, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), LIVIVO, PubMed/Medline, Scopus e Web of Science e Google Scholar, Open Grey e ProQuest Dissertations & Theses na literatura cinzenta foram pesquisados desde 10/08/2020. Critérios de seleção “PECOS”: População (P): Lactentes, Exposição (E): Prematuridade, Comparação (C): Recém-nascidos a termo, Desfecho (O): Progressão de consistências alimentares em recém-nascidos prematuros com ou sem comparação, Tipos de estudos (S): Estudo de coorte; Caso-controle; Transversal. Análise dos dados A qualidade metodológica dos estudos observacionais selecionados foi avaliada usando a Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (MASTARI). Resultados Um total de 3.310 artigos foram encontrados, sendo 9 selecionados para a realização da síntese qualitativa. Nos estudos selecionados foi observada a relação entre intervenções orais invasivas e dificuldade alimentar para todas as habilidades avaliadas e quanto menor a idade gestacional, mais frequente são os comportamentos de dificuldades alimentares. Conclusão Não foi observada relação entre a prematuridade e dificuldades na progressão das consistências no período da introdução das consistências alimentares na maioria dos estudos, somente três deles demonstraram tal relação. complementar EMBASE LatinoAmericana Latino Americana LILACS, LILACS , (LILACS) LIVIVO PubMedMedline PubMed Medline PubMed/Medline Scholar 10082020 10 08 2020 10/08/2020 PECOS “PECOS” P (P) Lactentes E (E) Prematuridade C (C) Recémnascidos Recém nascidos termo O (O) recémnascidos recém comparação S (S) coorte Casocontrole Caso controle Caso-controle Transversal MetaAnalysis Meta Analysis MASTARI. MASTARI . (MASTARI) 3310 3 310 3.31 encontrados qualitativa gestacional (LILACS 1008202 1 0 202 10/08/202 “PECOS (P (E (C (O (S (MASTARI 331 31 3.3 100820 20 10/08/20 33 3. 10082 2 10/08/2 1008 10/08/ 100 10/08 10/0 10/

Abstract Introduction Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) encompasses a heterogeneous group of degenerative diseases that cause spastic paraparesis and progressive weakness in the lower limbs. Objective To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of patients with HSP using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-bref) applied pre- and post-rehabilitation with virtual reality (VR). Methods This is a pilot randomized controlled clinical trial, registered on the Rebec Platform, test RBR-3JMX67, involving 16 adult diagnosed with HPS, regardless of the type (pure or complicated), randomly allocated into two groups: balance group (BG) and strength group (SG). All were submitted to anamnesis, otorhinolaryngological and labyrinthine evaluation. Next, the WHOQOL-bref questionnaire was applied at three moments: T0 (before rehabilitation with VR), T1 (after 10 ses-sions) and T2 (after 20 sessions). Results The application of the WHOQOL-bref questionnaire showed differences in the comparison of T0, T1 and T2 in SG for the physical, psychological, environmental, and general QoL domains (p ≤ 0.009). When comparing T1 and T2, considering the VR game scores, both groups improved their performance (p ≤ 0.005). Conclusion There was an improve-ment in QoL, especially in SG, after VR with the Nintendo Wii®, suggesting that the integration of strength exercises + balance exercises can improve balance and QoL. VR is a low-cost tool that improves functional capacity and reduces the risk of falling, which is fundamental for the QoL of patients with HSP. The WHOOQL-Bref quantified the effects of the therapy. Performance in the games provided motivation and rapid feedback. (HSP limbs (QoL WHOQOLbref WHOQOL bref (WHOQOL-bref pre postrehabilitation post VR. . (VR) trial Platform RBR3JMX67, RBR3JMX67 RBRJMX RBR 3JMX67, 3JMX67 JMX RBR-3JMX67 1 HPS pure complicated, complicated , complicated) BG (BG SG. (SG) anamnesis evaluation Next moments T before VR, VR) sessions ses sions ses-sions 2 sessions. sessions) physical psychological environmental p 0.009. 0009 0.009 0 009 0.009) scores 0.005. 0005 0.005 005 0.005) improvement ment Wii Wii® lowcost low cost falling WHOOQLBref WHOOQL Bref therapy feedback (VR RBR3JMX6 3JMX6 RBR-3JMX6 (SG 000 0.00 00 RBR3JMX 3JMX RBR-3JMX 0.0 0.

Resumo Introdução A paraplegia espástica hereditária (PEH) abrange um grupo heterogêneo de doenças degenerativas que causam paraparesia espástica e fraqueza progressiva nos membros in-feriores. Objetivo Avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) de pacien-tes com PEH por meio do Questionário de Qualidade de Vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde (WHOQOL-bref) aplicado pré e pós-reabilitação com realidade virtual (RV). Métodos Trata-se de um ensaio clínico piloto randomizado controlado, registrado na Plataforma Rebec, teste RBR-3JMX67, envolvendo 16 adultos com diagnóstico de PEH, independentemente do tipo (pura ou complicada), alocados aleatoriamente em dois grupos: grupo equilíbrio (GE) e grupo força (GF). Todos foram submetidos à anamnese, avaliação otorrinolaringológica e labiríntica. A seguir, aplicou-se o questionário WHOQOL-bref em três momentos: T0 (antes da reabilitação com RV), T1 (após 10 sessões) e T2 (após 20 sessões). Resultados A aplicação do questionário WHOQOL-bref mostrou diferenças na comparação de T0, T1 e T2 no GF para os domínios físico, psicológico, ambiental e QV geral (p ≤ 0,009). Ao comparar T1 e T2, considerando os escores do jogo RV, ambos os grupos melhoraram seu desempenho (p ≤ 0,005). Conclusão Verificou-se melhoria na QV, especialmente no GF, após a RV com Nintendo Wii®, sugerindo que a integração de exercícios de força + exercícios de equilíbrio podem melhorar o equilíbrio e a QV. A RV é uma ferramenta de baixo custo que melhora a capacidade funcional e reduz o risco de queda, o que é fundamental para a QV dos pacientes com PEH. O WHOOQL-bref quantificou os efeitos da terapia. O desempenho nos jogos proporcionou motivação e feedback rápido. (PEH inferiores. inferiores in feriores. feriores in-feriores (QV pacien tes WHOQOLbref WHOQOL bref (WHOQOL-bref pósreabilitação pós RV. . (RV) Tratase Trata se controlado Rebec RBR3JMX67, RBR3JMX67 RBRJMX RBR 3JMX67, 3JMX67 JMX RBR-3JMX67 1 pura complicada, complicada , complicada) GE (GE GF. (GF) anamnese labiríntica seguir aplicouse aplicou momentos T antes RV) sessões 2 sessões. físico psicológico p 0,009. 0009 0,009 0 009 0,009) 0,005. 0005 0,005 005 0,005) Verificouse Verificou Wii Wii® queda WHOOQLbref WHOOQL terapia rápido (RV RBR3JMX6 3JMX6 RBR-3JMX6 (GF 000 0,00 00 RBR3JMX 3JMX RBR-3JMX 0,0 0,

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar las actitudes centradas en el paciente en el cuidado y compartir prácticas de profesionales de enfermería, logopedia, odontología y medicina. Métodos: se utilizó una investigación transversal con 411 profesionales, y como medida de resultado se aplicó el instrumento Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale. Resultados: los médicos presentaron puntuaciones medias más altas, lo que refleja una orientación centrada en el paciente, control compartido y enfoque en la persona, con diferencia estadística para todos los dominios (p<0,02). Los odontólogos fueron los profesionales que presentaron puntajes más bajos, especialmente en el dominio compartir, con diferencia estadística en relación a los enfermeros, logopedas y médicos (p<0,05). Conclusiones: finalmente, las actitudes de los profesionales de las áreas de salud estudiadas indicaron preferencia autorreferida por la centralidad en los pacientes. En este contexto, el cuidado centrado en el paciente puede ser un recurso importante en el cuidado de la salud cuando se apuesta por la superación del objeto hombre. Objetivos enfermería logopedia medicina Métodos 41 PatientPractitioner Patient Practitioner Scale Resultados altas persona p<0,02. p002 p p<0,02 . 0 02 (p<0,02) bajos enfermeros p<0,05. p005 p<0,05 05 (p<0,05) Conclusiones finalmente pacientes contexto hombre 4 p00 p<0,0 (p<0,02 (p<0,05 p0 p<0, (p<0,0 p<0 (p<0, p< (p<0 (p< (p

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze patient-centered attitudes in care and sharing practices of nursing, speech therapy, dentistry and medicine professionals. Methods: cross-sectional research was used with 411 professionals, and the Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale instrument was applied as a measure of outcome. Results: physicians presented higher mean scores, reflecting a patient-centered orientation, shared control, and focus on the person, with statistical difference for all domains (p<0.02). Dentists were the professionals who presented lower scores, especially in the sharing domain, with statistical difference in relation to nurses, speech therapists, and physicians (p<0.05). Conclusions: finally, the attitudes of professionals in the health areas studied indicated self-reported preference for centrality in patients. In this context, patient-centered care can be an important resource in health care when committed to overcoming the object man. Objectives patientcentered patient centered nursing therapy Methods crosssectional cross sectional 41 PatientPractitioner Patient Practitioner outcome Results scores orientation control person p<0.02. p002 p p<0.02 . 0 02 (p<0.02) domain nurses therapists p<0.05. p005 p<0.05 05 (p<0.05) Conclusions finally selfreported self reported patients context man 4 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.02 (p<0.05 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p<0 (p<0. p< (p<0 (p< (p

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as atitudes centradas no paciente nas práticas de cuidado e compartilhamento dos profissionais de enfermagem, fonoaudiologia, odontologia e medicina. Métodos: um estudo pesquisa transversal foi usado com 411 profissionais, e o instrumento Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale foi aplicado como uma medida de resultado. Resultados: os médicos apresentaram escores médios mais elevados, refletindo orientação centrada no paciente, controle compartilhado e foco na pessoa, com diferença estatística para todos os domínios (p<0,02). Os dentistas foram os profissionais que apresentaram menores escores, principalmente no domínio compartilhamento, com diferença estatística em relação aos enfermeiros, fonoaudiólogos e médicos (p<0,05). Conclusões: por fim, as atitudes dos profissionais das áreas de saúde estudadas indicaram preferência autorreferida pela centralidade nos pacientes. Nesse contexto, o cuidado centrado no paciente pode ser um recurso importante na assistência à saúde quando comprometido com a superação do objeto homem. Objetivos enfermagem fonoaudiologia medicina Métodos 41 PatientPractitioner Patient Practitioner resultado Resultados elevados pessoa p<0,02. p002 p p<0,02 . 0 02 (p<0,02) enfermeiros p<0,05. p005 p<0,05 05 (p<0,05) Conclusões fim pacientes contexto homem 4 p00 p<0,0 (p<0,02 (p<0,05 p0 p<0, (p<0,0 p<0 (p<0, p< (p<0 (p< (p

ABSTRACT Objective: This systematic review aims to answer the following focus question: “Is there an association between atypical swallowing and malocclusions?”. Methods: Appropriate word combinations were chosen and tailored specifically for each of the following electronic databases: EMBASE, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), LIVIVO, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and gray literature, without any restrictions, up to February 2021. According to the selection criteria, only cross-sectional studies were included. The following inclusion criteria were considered: a sample composed of children, adolescents, and adults; patients clinically diagnosed with atypical swallowing; patients with normal swallowing; and outcome of interest of atypical swallowing in patients with malocclusion. The data consisted of study characteristics, sample characteristics, results, and conclusion of each study. The risk of bias was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies, and the certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. Results: 4,750 articles were identified. After a two-step selection, four studies were included. A higher frequency of distal occlusion, extreme maxillary overhang, and open bite was related to swallowing disorders; most studies pointed to posterior crossbite as a malocclusion more associated with atypical swallowing. All studies had a moderate to high risk of bias, and the certainty of evidence was very low. Conclusion: The results indicate that atypical swallowing is associated with malocclusions and that posterior crossbite is the main malocclusion found, but only in the young population (3-11 years). Registration: PROSPERO (42020215203). Objective question Is malocclusions. . malocclusions?” Methods databases EMBASE LILACS, LILACS , (LILACS) LIVIVO PubMedMedline PubMed Medline PubMed/Medline Scopus Science literature restrictions 2021 crosssectional cross sectional included considered children adolescents adults characteristics CrossSectional Cross Sectional Studies tool Results 4750 4 750 4,75 identified twostep two step occlusion overhang disorders low Conclusion found 311 3 11 (3-1 years. years years) Registration 42020215203. 42020215203 (42020215203) malocclusions? (LILACS 202 475 75 4,7 31 1 (3- 4202021520 (42020215203 20 47 7 4, (3 420202152 (4202021520 2 ( 42020215 (420202152 4202021 (42020215 420202 (4202021 42020 (420202 4202 (42020 420 (4202 42 (420 (42 (4

RESUMO Objetivo: A presente revisão sistemática tem como objetivo responder à seguinte questão focal: “Existe associação entre deglutição atípica e más oclusões?”. Métodos: Combinações de palavras e truncamentos apropriados foram adaptados para as bases de dados eletrônicas: EMBASE, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), LIVIVO, PubMed/Medline, Scopus e Web of Science e a literatura cinzenta, sem qualquer restrição, até fevereiro de 2021. Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos transversais; amostra composta por crianças, adolescentes e adultos; pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de deglutição atípica; pacientes com deglutição normal, e o desfecho de interesse foi deglutição atípica em pacientes com má oclusão. Os dados extraídos de cada estudo foram características do estudo, da amostra e a conclusão. O risco de viés foi avaliado usando a Lista de verificação de avaliação crítica da JBI para estudos transversais analíticos, e a certeza das evidências foi avaliada usando a ferramenta GRADE. Resultados: Foram identificados 4.750 artigos. Após uma seleção em duas fases, quatro estudos foram incluídos. Maior frequência de disto-oclusão, protuberância maxilar extrema e mordida aberta foram relacionadas a distúrbios da deglutição, com a maioria dos estudos apontando para mordida cruzada posterior como a má oclusão mais associada à deglutição atípica. Todos os estudos tiveram um risco de viés moderado a alto, e a certeza das evidências foi considerada muito baixa. Conclusão: Os resultados indicam que a deglutição atípica está associada à mordida cruzada posterior apenas na população jovem de 3 a 11 anos. Objetivo focal Existe oclusões. oclusões . oclusões?” Métodos eletrônicas EMBASE LatinoAmericana Latino Americana LILACS, LILACS , (LILACS) LIVIVO PubMedMedline PubMed Medline PubMed/Medline cinzenta restrição 2021 crianças adultos normal conclusão analíticos GRADE Resultados 4750 4 750 4.75 artigos fases incluídos distooclusão, distooclusão disto oclusão, disto-oclusão alto baixa Conclusão 1 anos oclusões? (LILACS 202 475 75 4.7 20 47 7 4. 2

ABSTRACT Purpose: to map, through a literature survey, which instruments are used to assess swallowing in patients after orotracheal extubation. Methods: available evidence was mapped through six electronic databases and gray literature. There were no restrictions regarding gender, ethnicity of the individuals, language of the studies, time of publication, and diagnosis. Results: the most mentioned protocol in the studies was the Dysphagia Risk Evaluation Protocol and the most cited objective assessment exam was the flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. Conclusion: there is a need for a specific protocol to evaluate this profile of patients, in addition to comparative studies of subjective clinical evaluation and instrumental imaging.

RESUMO Introdução: o tratamento de danos bucomaxilofaciais é complexo e requer diagnóstico abrangente e preciso, além de um correto plano de tratamento. Objetivo: o objetivo deste relato de caso foi descrever o retratamento de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 27 anos de idade, envolvida em acidente automobilístico grave, que resultou na perda de cinco dentes, além de perda óssea alveolar na região anterior. Relato de caso: a paciente apresentava histórico de insucesso de tratamento ortodôntico e cirúrgico. No caso apresentado, o espaço referente aos molares inferiores ausentes foi reaberto, para possibilitar a reabilitação. Houve melhora no posicionamento dos incisivos inferiores. O canino inferior direito foi deslocado para mesial, possibilitando a correção da relação de Classe II intercaninos do mesmo lado. Implantes foram inseridos a fim de substituir os dentes superiores da região anterior. Conclusão: a reabilitação estética e funcional da região anterior, realizada por meio de uma abordagem multidisciplinar, foi fundamental para valorizar a estética facial da paciente, melhorar a função e promover estabilidade oclusal após dois anos de acompanhamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Treatment of maxillofacial injuries is complex and requires the establishment of a comprehensive and accurate diagnosis and correct treatment planning. Objective: The objective of this case report was to describe the re-treatment of a 27-year-old woman who was involved in a severe car accident that resulted in the loss of five anterior teeth and alveolar bone, and whose previous orthodontic and surgical treatments had been unsuccessful. Case report: In this case, the space for the missing mandibular molar was reopened to allow for rehabilitation. The positions of the mandibular incisors were improved. The right mandibular canine was moved to the mesial, allowing for correction of the Class II canine relationship on that side, and implants were placed to replace the maxillary anterior teeth. Conclusion: Anterior aesthetic and functional rehabilitation using a multidisciplinary approach was essential to improve the patient’s facial aesthetics, to obtain great improvement in function and to achieve occlusal stability after 2 years of follow-up.

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acute administration of nicotine and ethanol on tooth movement in rats. Two hundred rats were divided into eight groups: S: saline; N: nicotine; E: ethanol; NE: nicotine and ethanol; SM: saline with tooth movement; NM: nicotine with tooth movement; EM: ethanol with tooth movement; and NEM: nicotine and ethanol with tooth movement. All the solutions were applied for 32, 44, or 58 days, according to the subgroup. Orthodontic movement (25 cN) was initiated 30 days after solution administration in the groups with tooth movement. The rats were euthanized 2, 14, or 28 days after initiation of tooth movement. Tooth sections were stained using picrosirius and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The data were compared by ANOVA using Tukey’s HSD and Games-Howell. On day 28 of tooth movement, the NEM group had a lower percentage of type I collagen compared to the SM group (p = 0.0448), and the S group had a higher number of osteoclasts/μm2 compared to the N group (p = 0.0405). Nicotine and ethanol did not affect the tooth movement rate, regardless of induction of orthodontic movement. Nicotine influenced the number of osteoclasts by decreasing their quantity when dental movement was not induced. When nicotine was associated with ethanol, it interfered in the maturation of collagen fibers during orthodontic movement.

Resumo Este estudo avaliou a interação do movimento dentário entre dois esteróides anabólicos androgênicos (EAA), Deposteron® and Nebido®. Cem ratos Wistar foram divididos em 3 grupos: controle (C) n=30, Nebido experimental (N) n=35 e Deposteron experimental (D) n=35. O grupo controle foi subdivido em 6 subgrupos: 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 e 14. Os grupos experimentais foram subdivididos em 7 subgrupos: 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 e 14, correspondendo ao dia da eutanásia do animal após aplicada a força ortodôntica. Um dispositivo ortodôntico foi utilizado para induzir a movimentação dentária com força recíproca de 50 cN entre o primeiro molar superior direito e os incisivos superiores. Após a eutanásia, o tecido foi processado e corado com hematoxilina e eosina (HE) e fosfatase ácida tartarato-resistente (TRAP). Osteoclastos, lacunas de Howship e vasos sanguíneos foram quantificados. Os grupos N e D demonstraram aceleração na reorganização do ligamento periodontal comparado ao grupo C. O pico dos eventos histológicos ocorreu no grupo C no dia 5 e nos grupos N e D no dia 3, após a instalação do dispositivo ortodôntico. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante no número de osteoclastos (p<0,05) entre os grupos N3 e C3 e entre os grupos N3 e D3. Doses supra-fisiológicas de EAA Nebido® and Deposteron® alteraram o número de osteoclastos, lacunas de Howship e vasos sanguíneos, acelerando a reorganização do ligamento periodontal, resultando na aceleração dos efeitos biológicos na movimentação dentária em ratos.

Abstract This study evaluated the interaction between tooth movement and two anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), Deposteron® and Nebido®. One hundred Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: control (C) n=30, Nebido experimental (N) n=35 and Deposteron experimental (D) n=35. The control group was subdivided into 6 subgroups: 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 14. The experimental groups were subdivided into 7 subgroups: 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 14, which corresponded to the day of animal’s euthanasia after applying orthodontic force. Orthodontic devices were used to induce tooth movement using 50 cN of reciprocal force between the maxillary right first molar and the maxillary incisors. After euthanasia, the tissues were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Osteoclasts, Howship’s lacunae and blood vessels were quantified. Groups N and D showed acceleration in the reorganization of the periodontal ligament compared to group C. The peak of the histological events occurred in group C on day 5 and in groups N and D on day 3 after installation of the orthodontic device. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of osteoclasts (p<0.05) between groups N3 and C3, and between groups N3 and D3. Supra-physiological doses of the AAS Nebido® and Deposteron® altered the number of osteoclasts, Howship’s lacunae and blood vessels, accelerating the reorganization of the periodontal ligament, resulting in accelerated biological effects from the induced tooth movement in rats.

Resumo A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da administração do ácido zoledrônico (ZA) durante a movimentação ortodôntica em ratos. Cento e vinte ratos Wistar, machos, foram submetidos a aplicação de uma força de 30 cN através de uma mola fechada de níquel-titânio para mover o primeiro molar superior direito para mesial. No grupo Controle Movimentação (CM), apenas a movimentação dentária foi realizada; o grupo Controle Ácido Zoledrônico (CAZ) recebeu uma única dose (0,1 mg/kg) de ZA; o grupo Experimental Ácido Zoledrônico (EAZ) recebeu uma única dose (0,1 mg/Kg) uma semana antes do início da movimentação dentária; e o grupo Controle Sem Movimentação (CWM) não receberam nenhum tipo de droga e não foi realizado movimentação dentária. Os animais foram eutanásiados após 3, 7 e 14 dias. A movimentação dentária foi mensurada através de um paquímetro, o número de osteoclastos utilizando coloração TRAP, a expressão do colágeno maturo e imaturo através da coloração Picrosírius, e a presença de áreas hialinas e reabsorção radicular utilizando HE. Os dados foram comparados utilizando ANOVA a dois critérios, Tukey HSD, Games-Howell e teste de qui-quadrado, ao nível de significância de 5%. Verificou-se menor número de osteoclastos e maior porcentagem de área hialina no grupo EAZ. Não houve diferença entre grupos quanto à neoformação óssea, reabsorção radicular e movimentação dentária em todos os tempos observados.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of the administration of zoledronic acid (ZA) during orthodontic movement in rats. A hundred and twenty male Wistar rats were applied force of 30 cN with spring closed nickel-titanium to move the upper right first molar to mesial. In the Control Movement group (CM), only tooth movement was performed; the Control Acid Zoledronic group (CAZ) received a single dose (0.1 mg/kg) of ZA; the Experimental Acid Zoledronic group (EAZ) received a single dose (0.1 mg/kg) one week prior to the start of tooth movement; and the Control Without movement group (CWM) that received no drug and without application of tooth movement. The animals were euthanized after 3, 7 and 14 days. Tooth movement was measured using a caliper, the number of osteoclasts using TRAP staining, the expression of mature and immature collagen using picrosirius staining, and the presence of hyaline areas and root resorption using HE. The data were compared using two-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD, Games-Howell and chi-squared test, at the 5% significance level. It was observed a smaller number of osteoclasts and greater percentage of hyaline area in the EAZ group. There was no difference among the groups regarding bone remodeling, root resorption and tooth movement for all observed times.

OBJETIVO: objetivou-se avaliar as alterações teciduais decorrentes da administração de etanol a 20% no padrão binge, durante o movimento ortodôntico.MÉTODOS: foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos (n = 54), divididos em dois grupos, sendo Grupo Controle (GC), com administração de soro fisiológico a 0,9%; e Grupo e Experimental (GE), com administração de etanol a 20% em soro fisiológico a 0,9%, no volume de 3g/kg/dia. Após o 30º dia de administração, foi aplicada força de 25cN com mola fechada de níquel-titânio para mover o primeiro molar superior direito para mesial. Os grupos foram subdivididos nos subgrupos 2, 14 e 28 dias, correspondendo ao número de dias de movimentação dentária. Utilizou-se as colorações de fosfatase ácida-tartarato resistente e picrosírius para avaliar reabsorção óssea e neoformação óssea, respectivamente. Os dados foram comparados por ANOVA a dois critérios, Tukey HSD e Games-Howell, ao nível de significância de 5%.RESULTADOS: verificou-se diminuição no número de osteoclastos no GE II no 28º dia. A percentagem de colágeno não demonstrou alteração na interação grupo x tempo.CONCLUSÕES:o etanol no padrão binge a 20% promoveu menor reabsorção óssea no final da movimentação dentária, sugerindo atraso na movimentação dentária.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess tissue changes during orthodontic movement after binge-pattern ethanol 20% exposure.METHODS: Male Wistar rats (n = 54) were divided into two groups. The control group (CG) received 0.9% saline solution, while the experimental group (EG) received 20% ethanol in 0.9% saline solution (3 g/kg/day). On the 30th day, a force of 25 cN was applied with a nickel-titanium closed coil spring to move the maxillary right first molar mesially. The groups were further divided into three subgroups (2, 14 and 28 days). Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and picrosirius were used to assess bone resorption and neoformation, respectively. Data were compared by two-way ANOVA, Tukey's HSD, Games-Howell and chi-square test. Significance level was set at 5%.RESULTS: There was a decrease in the number of osteoclasts in EG at day 28. The percentage of collagen showed no interaction between group and time.CONCLUSION: Binge-pattern 20% ethanol promoted less bone resorption at the end of tooth movement, thereby suggesting delay in tooth movement.