ABSTRACT A male specimen of the Aesop slipper lobster Scyllarides haanii was found in the coastal vicinity of Ahu Tongariki (27°07’33”S, 109°16’37”W), Rapa Nui. Its taxonomic determination was carried out by a detailed morphological examination and a DNA barcoding identification analysis by sequencing the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) gene. S. haanii has a wide geographic distribution with occasional presence from the Indo-Pacific to the Hawaiian Archipelago, including the Red Sea, Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Australia, Reunion, and French Polynesia; from 10 to 135 m of depth, preferably on rocky bottoms. This record extends the geographical distribution of S. haanii to Rapa Nui. It increases to five the species number of marine lobsters present on the island: a Palinuridae, Panulirus pascuensis and four Scyllaridae, Parribacus perlatus, Arctides regalis, Scyllarides roggevenni, and now S. haanii. This finding derived from the local initiative Pilotos to promote the sustainable management of coastal species, led by the Rapa Nui Sea Council (“Koro Nui o te Vaikava”), the elected authority in charge of the co-administration of Multiple Uses Marine Protected Area (MUMPA). The specimen will be deposited in the Crustacean Collection of the MNHNCL: accession number in GenBank (MW699539.1).

The Patagonian toothfish or Chilean sea bass (Dissostichus eleginoides), found in the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica, is an important fishery species for Chile. This high-value species is regarded as overfished, making it an attractive target for aquaculture. When developing a reproduction program for any aquaculture species, it is important to implement genetic tools to evaluate diversity, inbreeding, and parentage. We calculated genetic diversity and paternity/maternity exclusion probabilities based on five commonly-used microsatellite loci in a natural population of Patagonian toothfish from southern Chile (n = 34) in order to evaluate the potential utility of these five markers in stock management. The observed number of alleles per locus (Na) and observed heterozygosities (H O) are within range as described by studies performed in other sub-Antarctic regions. All five loci were strongly polymorphic, with H O > 0.6 and Na > 7, and paternity exclusion probabilities were high (PE > 0.99), indicating the potential utility of these loci in paternity/maternity exclusion analyses of Patagonian toothfish.

Introduction: in relation to the student population, their class schedules, hours of study, budget shortages, among others, do not allow them to have good eating habits and sedentary ago. Within this context are the sports teams, which must deal with the above. Objective: knowing the nutritional status of a group of college basketball players (BU) by anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Methods: the research provides a non-experimental, descriptive, transversal, with a quantitative approach The sample was selected on a non-probabilistic approach. which included 12 players design. Anthropometric parameters for body mass index (BMI), somatotype and body composition was assessed. For biochemical glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol. Results: have a BMI of 24.6 (kg/m²), are classified as endomesomorfas (5,5-4,3-1,2) have a fat mass 39.9% and 37.8% of muscle mass, glucose values are 68.7 (mg/dl), triglycerides 128 (mg/dl) and 189 cholesterol (mg/dl). Conclusion: the BU have normal values for BMI and biochemical parameters, but dig deeper greater amount of adipose tissue is found as reported by body composition and somatotype, a situation that could be related to poor eating habits, however is required further study to reach a categorical conclusion.

Introducción: en relación a la población universitaria, sus horarios de clases, horas de estudio, escasez de presupuesto, entre otras, no les permiten tener buenos hábitos alimentarios y los hace ser sedentarios. Dentro de este contexto se encuentran las selecciones deportivas, las cuales deben lidiar con lo antes mencionado. Objetivo: conocer el estado nutricional de un grupo de basquetbolistas universitarias (BU) mediante parámetros antropométricos y bioquímicos. Métodos: la investigación contempla un diseño no experimental, descriptivo, transversal, con un enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra fue seleccionada bajo un criterio no probabilístico, que incluyó a 12 jugadoras. Para los parámetros antropométricos se valoró el índice de masa corporal (IMC), el somatotipo y la composición corporal. Para los bioquímicos se valoró la glucosa, los triglicéridos y el colesterol. Resultados: las que presentan un IMC de 24,6 (kg/m²) se clasifican como endomesomorfas (5,5-4,3-1,2) y tienen un 39,9% de masa adiposa y un 37,8% de masa muscular; los valores de glucosa son 68,7 (mg/dl), triglicéridos 128 (mg/dl) y colesterol 189 (mg/dl). Conclusión: las BU poseen valores normales para el IMC y los parámetros bioquímicos, pero al indagar más profundamente se encuentra mayor cantidad de tejido adiposo, según lo reportado por la composición corporal y el somatotipo, situación que podría estar relacionada con malos hábitos alimentarios; no obstante se requiere un mayor estudio para llegar a una conclusión más tajante.

In trout farming males exhibits lower growth rate and precocious sexual maturation in contrast to females. Since these traits are detrimental for intensive production, all females populations are most appreciated by fish farmers. Molecular markers sex-specific have been developed for rainbow trout that can be useful to diagnose the phenotypic sex of individuals. We evaluated the use of two SCAR markers (OmyP9 & Omy163), which show polymorphisms between males and females in rainbow trout as a diagnostic test for sexing farmed trout. Adult trout (n = 131) were genotyped to assess the association of the SCAR markers with phenotypic sex. To evaluate the correct performance of the SCAR marker in sex diagnosis, each marker and both were analyzed to estimate its specificity (the proportion of males that are correctly identified), sensitivity (the proportion of females that are correctly identified) and predictive value (the probability of the correct positive or negative female identification). Significant associations with phenotypic sex of both SCAR markers with sex were found. The sensitivity and predictive (positive and negative) indexes show higher values when both SCAR markers were considered (95.7, 77.4 and 94.4%, respectively). For joined SCAR markers a likelihood ratio (LR+) of 3.43 was obtained indicating its utility to establish a diagnostic test for sexing trout by use of marker-based analysis.

En el cultivo de truchas los individuos del sexo masculino presentan menor tasa de crecimiento y maduración sexual precoz, características que no presentan las hembras. Debido a estos rasgos indeseables para el cultivo intensivo, el uso de poblaciones todo hembra es una práctica habitual en el cultivo de truchas. Para trucha arcoíris se han desarrollado marcadores moleculares sexo específico que pueden utilizarse en el diagnóstico temprano del sexo, en condiciones de cultivo. Se evaluó la aplicación de dos marcadores SCAR (OmyP9 y Omy163), que muestran polimorfismos entre los sexos en esta especie. Con ambos marcadores se genotipificaron 131 truchas para evaluar su asociación con el sexo fenotípico. Para determinar la utilidad en diagnóstico del sexo de cada marcador SCAR por separado, y en conjunto, se determinó la especificidad, sensibilidad y valores predictivos en la detección de un individuo de sexo femenino. Se comprobó la asociación significativa descrita para ambos SCAR con el sexo fenotípico. La mayor sensibilidad y valores predictivos positivo y negativo se obtuvo usando ambos marcadores simultáneamente (95,7; 77,4 y 94,4%; respectivamente). El valor de razón de verosimilitud (LR+ =3,43) mostró que la mejor prueba de diagnóstico para detectar hembras es usar conjuntamente OmyP9 y Omy163.

Spawning time in salmonids is a sex-limited quantitative trait that can be modified by selection. In rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), various quantitative trait loci (QTL) that affect the expression of this trait have been discovered. In this study, we describe four microsatellite loci associated with two possible spawning time QTL regions in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). The four loci were identified in females from two populations (early and late spawners) produced by divergent selection from the same base population. Three of the loci (OmyFGT34TUF, One2ASC and One19ASC) that were strongly associated with spawning time in coho salmon (p < 0.0002) were previously associated with QTL for the same trait in rainbow trout; a fourth loci (Oki10) with a suggestive association (p = 0.00035) mapped 10 cM from locus OmyFGT34TUF in rainbow trout. The changes in allelic frequency observed after three generations of selection were greater than expected because of genetic drift. This work shows that comparing information from closely-related species is a valid strategy for identifying QTLs for marker-assisted selection in species whose genomes are poorly characterized or lack a saturated genetic map.

The rainbow trout is a salmonid fish that occasionally exhibits broodstocks with biannual spawning behavior, a phenomenon known as a double annual reproductive cycle (DARC). Spawning time quantitative trait loci (SPT-QTLs) affect the time of the year that female rainbow trout spawn and may influence expression of the DARC trait. In this study, microsatellite markers linked and unlinked to SPT-QTLs were genotyped to investigate the underlying genetics of this trait. SPT-QTLs influenced the DARC trait since in two case-control comparisons three linked markers (OmyFGT12TUF, One3ASC and One19ASC) had significant levels of allelic frequency differentiation and marker-character association. Furthermore, alleles of One3ASC and One19ASC had significantly higher frequencies in populations that carried the DARC trait.