ABSTRACTStudies on phenotypic variation among populations growing in different microenvironments may provide information about plasticity related to environmental pressures, and thus help to elucidate the potential evolutionary forces contributing to the origin and maintenance of diversity in any region. In this study we investigate morphometric variation on a small geographic scale for three species of Antarctic mosses. All species revealed significant differentiation among populations for all evaluated traits. The comparison of morphometric measures of populations of Polytrichum juniperinumfrom Nelson Island and from southern Brazil suggests that the effects of a small geographic scale in Antarctica are the same as a large geographic scale in environments where the climate is more homogeneous and microhabitats have minor influence on vegetation. However, further investigations over a larger area, evaluating more species, and using controlled garden experiments are recommended in order to evaluate the capacity for plasticity of moss species in different climatic conditions and on different geographic scales.

BACKGROUND: This paper presents a comparative study of moss diversity in three collection sites in the South Shetland Islands (King George, Elephant, and Nelson Islands) and one in the Antarctic Continent (Hope Bay, Antarctic Peninsula). In the King George, Elephant, and Nelson Islands, the collections were done in ice-free areas during the austral summers of years 1988,1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, and 1994. In Hope Bay, the collections were done in the 2009 summer (February). All collections were deposited in the HCB (Chaves Batista Herbarium). FINDINGS: The King George Area is the most diverse area and the Hope Bay has the lowest diversity stats. The diversity stats for each region and the similarities between both are presented. CONCLUSION: This results suggested that harder climatic conditions determine lower diversity for the bryoflora.

En este trabajo se presenta un estudio comparativo de tres puntos de muestreo de musgos en las Islas Shetland del Sur (Isla Rey Jorge, Elefante y Nelson) y el Continente Antártico (Bahía Esperanza, Península Antártica). En las Islas King George, Elefante y Nelson, se tomaron muestras en las zonas libres de hielo durante los veranos australes de años 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992 y 1994. Hope Bay, las colecciones se hicieron en el verano austral de 2009 (febrero). Todas las colecciones fueron depositadas en el herbario de HCB (Herbario Chaves Batista). Los índices de diversidad para cada región se presentan, así como la similitud entre ellos.

Agaricaceae é a família tipo da ordem Agaricales e apresenta espécies de reconhecida importância nutricional e econômica. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi o levantamento das espécies de Agaricaceae em trechos de Mata Atlântica da Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, nas delimitações do Município de Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro. Serão apresentadas as espécies dos gêneros Agaricus, Cystolepiota e Lepiota coletados nas diferentes formações vegetais na Reserva Biológica do Tinguá. Foram registrados os seguintes táxons: Agaricus subrufescens Peck., A. dulcidulus Schulzer., Lepiota lilacea Bresadola., L. tepeitensis Murril., L. forquignoni Quélet., L. echinela var rhodorhiza (Romagn. & Locq. ex. Orton) Hardtke & Rödel., L. subincarnata Lange e Cystolepiota seminuda (Lasch) Bon. São apresentadas chaves dicotômicas para identificação de espécies; descrições, fotos de hábito, imagens de microscopia, ilustrações, distribuição, habitat, dados relativos às épocas de surgimento dos basidiomas e importância das espécies quando conhecida.

Agaricaceae is the type family of Agaricales and its species are of nutritional and economic importance. The main aim of this survey was to describe the Agaricaceae species of rain forest patches in the Tinguá Biological Reserve, located in the vicinity of Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Species of the genera Agaricus, Cystolepiota and Lepiota, collected in different plant formations, are presented. The following taxa were recorded: Agaricus subrufescens Peck., A. dulcidulus Schulzer., Cystolepiota seminuda (Lasch) Bon, Lepiota. lilacea Bresadola., L. tepeitensis Murril., L. forquignoni Quélet., L. echinela var rhodorhiza (Romagn. & Locq. ex. Orton) Hardtke & Rödel and L. subincarnata Lange.A species key, descriptions, habit photo, microscopic features, distribution and species importance (when known) are given.