Abstract Objectives Since most of the studies evaluates diabetics on multiple daily injections therapy and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion may help gain better metabolic control and prevent complications, the objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries, the unstimulated salivary flow rate and the total bacteria load, Streptococcus spp. levels and Lactobacillus spp. levels in saliva and supragingival dental biofilm of type 1 diabetics on insulin pump. Material and Methods Sixty patients with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump and 60 nondiabetic individuals were included. The dental caries evaluation was performed using ICDAS and the oral hygiene was assessed according to Greene and Vermillion Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. Unstimulated saliva and supragingival dental biofilm were collected. Total bacteria, Streptococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. was quantified by qPCR. Results Patients with type 1 diabetes had a higher prevalence of dental caries and filled and missing teeth when compared with the control group. These patients were associated with more risk factors for the development of dental caries, namely a lower unstimulated salivary flow rate and a higher bacterial load in saliva and dental biofilm. Conclusion Some risk factors related to dental caries were associated with type 1 diabetics. An early diagnosis combined with the evaluation of the risk profile of the diabetic patient is imperative, allowing the dental caries to be analyzed through a perspective of prevention and the patient to be integrated into an individualized oral health program.

A parotidite bacteriana neonatal é uma situação rara, de diagnóstico essencialmente clínico e prognóstico excelente, quando tratada precoce e adequadamente. Descrevemos um caso clínico de parotidite bacteriana bilateral numa prematura, com dez dias de vida, sob aleitamento materno exclusivo. Foi admitida no serviço de urgência por prostração, tumefação pré-auricular bilateral e perda ponderal. A drenagem de pus pelos canais de Sténon, para a cavidade oral, confirmou o diagnóstico de parotidite. O Staphylococcus aureus foi isolado no exame bacteriológico do pus, na hemocultura e na cultura do leite materno, tendo sido a mãe considerada a fonte de infeção. Foi iniciada antibioticoterapia empírica endovenosa com ampicilina e gentamicina, substituída por flucloxacilina de acordo com o antibiograma dos locais de colheita. Não se verificaram complicações ou recorrências. Apesar de rara, a parotidite deve ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial de tumefação da região parotídea no recém-nascido, permitindo o tratamento precoce e prevenindo as complicações.

Neonatal suppurative parotitis is a rare condition. Early diagnosis is essential to improve prognosis in these cases. We describe a ten-day-old preterm breastfed girl who developed bilateral suppurative parotitis. She was admitted to the hospital with general malaise, weight loss and bilateral preauricular swelling. Purulent drainage from both Sténon ducts into the mouth confirmed the diagnosis. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the purulent exudate and blood. Furthermore, Staphylococcus aureus was also found at the breast milk and, consequently, the mother was considered to be the source of the infection. Empiric antibiotic therapy was started with intravenous ampicilin and gentamicin. It was later changed to flucloxacilin, according to the antibiotic resistance profile. There were no complications or recurrences. Although rare, neonatal suppurative parotitis should be suspected in newborns presenting with parotid swelling, in order to provide early treatment and prevent complications.