Resumen Las islas atraen o estimulan la innovación conceptual; han sido y continúan siendo atractivas como laboratorio económico, político, ecológico o social. Para los navegantes de todos los tiempos, fueron lugares de conexión -verdaderos oasis en los desiertos oceánicos- o lugares ideales para confinar enfermos o cautivos. Desde los albores del siglo XXI, recuperaron centralidad como locación de estudios donde se entrecruzan la idea de laboratorio, de microanálisis y también las tendencias de historia global y conectada: permiten estudiar acotadamente los cruces entre condición geográfica y acciones humanas; esparcidas por todo el planeta (tanto las existentes como las “fantasma”) constituyen puntos de paso del tráfico mundial y también dispositivos frecuentes en conflictos soberanos desde mucho antes de la existencia de los estados nación. Este artículo señala su reaparición en la agenda historiográfica mundial y se pregunta por su valor heurístico para la historia regional del sureste americano durante el período colonial. conceptual económico político social tiempos verdaderos oceánicos cautivos XXI conectada humanas tanto fantasma “fantasma” nación colonial “fantasma

Abstract Islands attract or stimulate conceptual innovation. They have been and continue to be attractive as economic, political, ecological or social laboratories. For navigators of all times, they have been connecting posts -true oases in oceanic deserts- or ideal places to confine the sick or captives. Since the dawn of the 21st century, they have regained centrality as a location for studies where the idea of laboratory, microanalysis and also the trends of global and connected history intersect: they allow the study of the crossroads between geographical conditions and human actions; scattered all over the planet (both existing and “ghost” ones), they are points of passage of world traffic and also frequent devices in sovereign conflicts since long before the existence of nation states. This article notes their reappearance on the world historiographical agenda and asks about their heuristic value for the regional history of the American Southeast during the colonial period. innovation economic political laboratories times true deserts captives st century laboratory intersect actions both ghost “ghost ones, ones , ones) states period

Abstract The text analyzes how the issue of the government of the provinces was treated in the Constituent Assembly of the Empire of Brazil, installed in May 1823, in Rio de Janeiro. Its central idea is that, in the face of the monarchical project led by D. Pedro as emperor, the Legislative House refrained, at that moment, from framing the question of the provinces as a properly constitutional problem. Far from seeming like a mere rhetorical question, we will discuss how, at the time, there was a political trick in prioritizing its discussion even before a greater number of the expected representatives were present in the legislative House; This gave rise to the approval of a proposal for a provincial government that paid less attention to local rights, and more to the defenders of the imperial proposal. We will point out how this action would leave marks on the Empire inward. Brazil 1823 Janeiro D emperor refrained moment problem time rights inward 182 18 1

Resumo O texto analisa como o tema do governo das províncias foi tratado na Assembleia Constituinte do Império do Brasil, instalada em maio de 1823, no Rio de Janeiro. Sua ideia central é que, diante do projeto monárquico capitaneado por D. Pedro como imperador, a Casa legislativa furtou-se, nesse momento, de enquadrar a questão das províncias como um problema propriamente constitucional. Longe de parecer uma mera questão retórica, discutiremos como, na época, houve uma artimanha política em priorizar sua discussão antes mesmo que estivessem presentes na Casa legislativa um maior número dos representantes esperados; o que deu margem à aprovação de uma proposta de governo provincial que atendia menos aos direitos locais, e mais aos defensores da proposta imperial. Apontaremos como essa ação deixaria marcas no tema Império adentro. Brasil 1823 Janeiro D imperador furtouse, furtouse furtou se, se furtou-se momento constitucional retórica época esperados locais imperial adentro 182 18 1

Abstract This article addresses the structural changes and the functioning of the whaling structures on the Island of Itaparica, after the end of colonial exclusive rights. Its temporal dimension is delimited between 1814 and 1890. The way in which they were reopened, the work relationships, the productive activities added to the frames and the freedmen’s engagement in whaling are central questions in the analysis of the text. The sources used were inventories, wills, notebooks, reports from the government of the captaincy and the president of the province, criminal proceedings, newspapers, baptism records, and statistical maps. Itaparica rights 181 1890 reopened relationships freedmens freedmen s text inventories wills notebooks province proceedings newspapers records maps 18 189 1

Resumo Este artigo aborda as mudanças estruturais e o funcionamento das armações baleeiras da Ilha de Itaparica, após o fim do exclusivo colonial. Sua dimensão temporal delimita-se entre 1814 e 1890. A forma como foram reabertas, as relações de trabalho, as atividades produtivas agregadas às armações e o engajamento dos libertos na baleação são questões centrais na análise do texto. As fontes usadas foram inventários, testamentos, livros de notas, relatório de governo da capitania e presidente de província, processos criminais, jornais, registro de batismo e mapa estatístico. Itaparica colonial delimitase delimita se 181 1890 reabertas trabalho texto inventários testamentos notas província criminais jornais estatístico 18 189 1

Abstract This article explores how the royalists in Tierra Firme-present day Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Panama-used the concept of order to reconstruct the legitimacy of the Spanish monarchy during the absolutist restoration of Fernando VII (1814-1820). It illuminates how royalists understood the foundations of the monarchical order, conceptualized the crisis of the Spanish monarchy, and envisioned the roles of the king and the vassals in a postrevolutionary society. Through a close reading of the language of order employed in newspapers, political treatises, sermons, pamphlets, and petitions, the article shows how royalists responded to the radical reordering of the conceptual structures of the political world caused by the revolution in Tierra Firme. It reveals how royalists established public opinion as a legitimizing force alongside the Crown, thereby asserting the impossibility of returning to the prerevolutionary political-conceptual framework. Moreover, the article reframes the monarchical restoration as a creative political response to an unprecedented crisis of legitimacy in Tierra Firme. It presents this period as a moment of profound re-elaboration of the traditional political culture and a historical experience informed by the intellectual developments of the revolutionaries. Firmepresent Firme present Colombia Venezuela Ecuador Panamaused Panama used 18141820. 18141820 1814 1820 . (1814-1820) society newspapers treatises sermons pamphlets petitions Crown politicalconceptual framework Moreover reelaboration re elaboration revolutionaries 1814182 181 182 (1814-1820 181418 18 (1814-182 18141 1 (1814-18 (1814-1 (1814- (1814 (181 (18 (1 (

Abstract: The bicentennial celebration of Brazilian constitutionalism encourages reflection on the relationship between professional history and collective memory, highlighting how the latter is often shaped by ideologies. Historiography helps identify these ideological views and can contribute to a more balanced analysis of historical events. This article examines the Constituent of 1823 as a case study. During its operation, three ideological currents emerged that distinctly explained the events of the time and later crystallized into partisan historiographies-conservative, liberal, and radical-whose echoes are still heard today. The study of historiography reveals how ideologies and partisan traditions persist over time, transforming history into a field of political dispute where different perspectives compete to validate their interpretations of events. Abstract memory 182 operation historiographiesconservative, historiographiesconservative historiographies conservative, conservative historiographies-conservative liberal radicalwhose radical whose today 18 1

Resumo A celebração do bicentenário do constitucionalismo brasileiro incentiva uma reflexão sobre a relação entre a história profissional e a memória coletiva, destacando como a última é frequentemente moldada por ideologias. A historiografia ajuda a identificar essas visões ideológicas e pode contribuir para uma análise mais equilibrada dos eventos históricos. O presente artigo examina a Constituinte de 1823 como estudo de caso. Durante seu funcionamento, emergiram três correntes ideológicas que explicaram de forma distinta os acontecimentos da época e se cristalizaram depois na forma de historiografias partidárias - conservadora, liberal e radical -, cujos ecos ainda hoje se fazem ouvir. O estudo da historiografia revela como as ideologias e tradições partidárias se mantêm ao longo do tempo, transformando a história em um campo de disputa política em que diferentes perspectivas competem para validar suas interpretações dos eventos. coletiva históricos 182 caso funcionamento conservadora , ouvir tempo 18 1

Abstract The present article will analyze the roman-feuilleton The Enchanted Kingdom: chronicle sebastianista, by Tristão de Alencar Araripe Júnior, published in Gazeta de Notícias in 1878. The work tells the story of a messianic movement that settled in the sertão of Pernambuco between the years of 1836 and 1838 and which brought together hundreds of people, among them free countrymen, Indians and runaway slaves. Assuming that the choice of literature that filled the footnotes of that newspaper was not restricted to commercial criteria, but was also guided by the potential of the section to discuss burning social issues, the proposal here is to carry out the study of the booklet articulating it: the content of the Gazeta’s other columns; the immediate historical context of the publication; to the debates on the paths of abolition in Brazil and, finally, to the question of the protagonism of slaves in the struggles for freedom. romanfeuilleton roman feuilleton Kingdom sebastianista Júnior 1878 183 people countrymen criteria issues it Gazetas s columns publication finally freedom 187 18 1

Resumo: O presente artigo analisará o romance-folhetim O Reino encantado: crônica sebastianista, de Tristão de Alencar Araripe Júnior, publicado na Gazeta de Notícias em 1878. A obra narra a história de um movimento messiânico que se instalou no sertão de Pernambuco entre os anos de 1836 e 1838 e que reuniu centenas de pessoas, entre elas sertanejos livres, índios e escravos fugidos. Partindo do pressuposto de que a escolha da literatura que preenchia os rodapés do jornal não se restringia a critérios comerciais, mas se pautava também pelo potencial da seção para se discutir questões sociais candentes, a proposta é realizar o estudo do folhetim articulando-o ao conteúdo das outras colunas da Gazeta; ao contexto histórico imediato de sua publicação; aos debates sobre os caminhos da abolição no Brasil; e à questão do protagonismo dos escravos nas lutas pela liberdade. Resumo romancefolhetim romance encantado sebastianista Júnior 1878 183 pessoas livres fugidos comerciais candentes articulandoo articulando publicação Brasil liberdade 187 18 1

Abstract Nineteenth-century author of the lengthiest legal work, until then, on slavery as practiced in Brazil, Agostinho Marques Perdigão Malheiro has always been the subject of some controversy among historians. His theses ended up framed in interpretative schemes that resulted in analyses sometimes derogatory, sometimes with inferences detached from the primary set of actual sources consulted by the author. His trajectory as a politician and jurist was scrutinized for setbacks and ambiguities, and even some of the historical statements he made regarding the legal aspects of captivity were placed under suspicion. This text, nonetheless, shifts the analysis of the jurist’s supposed successes, mistakes and personal, intellectual and political commitments to investigate the hypothesis that his most relevant contribution to the construction of Brazil was based on the conviction that slavery was a fundamental problem of the country that should be solved within rational parameters. Nineteenthcentury Nineteenth century work then historians derogatory ambiguities suspicion text nonetheless jurists s successes personal parameters

Resumo Autor oitocentista da obra de cunho jurídico, até então, de maior fôlego sobre a escravidão praticada no Brasil, Agostinho Marques Perdigão Malheiro sempre foi alvo de alguma controvérsia entre os historiadores. Suas teses acabaram enquadradas em esquemas interpretativos que geraram análises, por vezes, depreciativas e outras dotadas de inferências descoladas do universo mais imediato das efetivas fontes de que se serviu o autor. Sua trajetória como político e jurista foi esquadrinhada em busca de retrocessos e ambiguidades e até mesmo algumas das afirmações históricas que fez, a respeito de aspectos legais do cativeiro, foram colocadas sob suspeita. O presente texto, entretanto, desloca a análise dos supostos acertos, erros e compromissos pessoais, intelectuais e políticos do jurista para investigar a hipótese de que seu contributo mais relevante para a construção do Brasil estava assentado na convicção de que a escravidão era um problema fundamental do país, a ser solucionado dentro de parâmetros racionais. jurídico então historiadores análises vezes autor fez cativeiro suspeita texto entretanto acertos pessoais país racionais

Abstract In the last four decades, regarding the historiography of the slave trade carried out by the Portuguese between Brazil and the Slave Coast (West Africa coast), the role of tobacco stood out as the chief item of exchanging. A small number of researchers have pointed out more recently that Brazilian gold was, at least, as important as exchange currency in the relations of Portuguese with European and African agents in procuring African enslaved workers. This article contributes to this last current in trying to demonstrate, based on Royal African Company trade records in Uidá (Slave Coast), the role of Brazilian gold in the trade relations involving Portuguese and British merchants, which became quite intense in the earlier half of the eighteenth century. It also argues that gold was a fundamental factor for the success of Luso-Brazilian commerce in that region, also pointing the trans-imperial character of the investments in this branch of trade. At last, the article suggests one possible contribution to assess the features of the trade relationship between the involved agents. decades West coast, coast , coast) exchanging least workers demonstrate Coast, Coast) merchants century LusoBrazilian Luso region transimperial trans imperial

Resumo Nas últimas quatro décadas, no que tange à historiografia do comércio de escravos realizado pelos portugueses entre o Brasil e a Costa da Mina (África Ocidental), tem prevalecido uma ênfase no papel do tabaco como principal item de troca. O que poucos estudos têm apontado mais recentemente é que o ouro teve relevância, no mínimo, igual como moeda de troca nas relações dos portugueses com agentes europeus e africanos na aquisição de trabalhadores escravizados. Este artigo contribui com esta última corrente, procurando demonstrar, com base em registros de negócios da Royal African Company em Uidá (Costa da Mina), o papel do ouro brasileiro nas relações mercantis entre ingleses e portugueses, que se adensaram bastante na primeira metade do século XVIII. Além disso, argumenta-se que o ouro foi fator fundamental no êxito do comércio luso-brasileiro naquela região, apontando para o caráter transimperial dos investimentos nesse ramo. Por fim, indica uma possível contribuição para avaliar as características das relações mercantis entre os agentes envolvidos. décadas África Ocidental, Ocidental , Ocidental) relevância mínimo escravizados corrente demonstrar Mina, Mina) XVIII disso argumentase argumenta lusobrasileiro luso região ramo fim envolvidos

Resumen La idea de nación - y nacionalismo - ha sido largamente discutida. Algunas propuestas coinciden en destacar que esta noción es históricamente cambiante y conflictiva. En este marco, su construcción y reactualización precisa de dispositivos que determinen qué elementos (materiales y simbólicos) y sujetos se incluyen en esta noción. En este sentido podemos entender a las celebraciones y conmemoraciones como tales dispositivos que nos posibilitan indagar en las nociones que se visibilizan y reproducen sobre un país. En Argentina durante el año 2010 se celebró el Bicentenario de la Revolución de Mayo. Una serie de políticas públicas y fondos fueron destinadas para dicho fin a escala nacional, mientras otras emergieron desde los estados provinciales y municipales. En este contexto, nos interesa analizar qué tipos de acciones, eventos, se organizaron en esas otras escalas, qué elementos, narrativas, se configuraron para articular lo local con lo nacional y cómo se reproduce la noción de una Argentina “blanca y europea” a pesar de las nuevas lecturas que buscan tensionar desde diferentes espacios y actores. Para ello, proponemos como estudio de caso el partido de Exaltación de la Cruz (provincia de Buenos Aires), a partir de examinar los eventos efectuados en su ciudad cabecera que en la década de 1990 su centro histórico fue reconocido como patrimonio nacional. discutida conflictiva marco materiales simbólicos país 201 Mayo municipales contexto acciones escalas narrativas blanca europea actores ello provincia Aires, Aires , Aires) 199 20 19 2 1

Abstract The idea of nation -and nationalism- has been long discussed. Some authors coincide in emphasizing that the notion of nation is historically changing and conflictive. In this framework, the construction and updating of the idea of nation requires devices that determine which elements (material and symbolic), as well as subjects are included in it. In this sense, we can understand celebrations and commemorations as such devices that allow us to investigate the construction of nation and how it is reproduced and who is included. In Argentina during the year 2010 the bicentennial of the May revolution was celebrated. A series of public policies and funds were allocated for this purpose on a national scale while others emerged from the provincial and municipal states. In this context, we are interested in analyzing what types of actions and events were organized at these other scales and what elements and narratives were configured to articulate the local with the national and how it is reproduced and in what terms the notion of a “white and European” nation despite the new readings that from different spaces and actors seek to stress. To do this, we propose as a case study the Exaltación de la Cruz district (Buenos Aires province), based on examining the events that took place in its main city that in the 1990s its historic center was recognized as national Heritage. nationalism discussed conflictive framework material symbolic, symbolic , symbolic) sense 201 celebrated states context white European stress Buenos province, province province) s Heritage 20 2

RESUMEN Este artículo plantea un análisis sobre la importancia de la contrarrevolución emprendida por el virrey José de la Serna desde el Cuzco frente a la situación política del Perú entre los años de 1821 y 1824. En primer lugar, se realizará una explicación sobre los motivos que llevaron a los realistas a abandonar Lima, capital virreinal desde el siglo XVI, y replegarse al sur andino. Como segundo punto, se pasará al estudio de las necesidades logísticas del gobierno virreinal del Cuzco para la consolidación del control territorial en el sur andino y las posteriores incursiones sobre Lima. A continuación, se analizarán los efectos del fin del Trienio Liberal (1820-1823) poniendo énfasis en la sublevación del general Olañeta en el Alto Perú y cómo esto generó un efecto dominó que terminó por dividir al ejército realista meses antes del desarrollo de las batallas de Junín y Ayacucho. En ese sentido, argumentamos que el éxito contrarrevolucionario durante los años de Gobierno del virrey La Serna se debió no solo a la articulación de capital humano y recursos que proporcionaron los Andes centrales y del sur, sino también a la inestabilidad interna del gobierno independentista en la costa peruana. Sin embargo, este éxito se vio truncado por las acciones de Olañeta, las cuales fueron aprovechadas por Bolívar para obtener las victorias decisivas en 1824. 182 1824 lugar Lima XVI punto continuación 18201823 1820 1823 (1820-1823 Ayacucho sentido peruana embargo 18 1820182 (1820-182 1 182018 (1820-18 18201 (1820-1 (1820- (1820 (182 (18 (1 (

ABSTRACT This article presents an analysis of the importance of the counterrevolution undertaken by Viceroy José de la Serna from Cuzco in the face of the political situation in Peru between the years of 1821 and 1824. First, we will attempt an explanation about the reasons that led the royalists to abandon Lima, viceregal capital since the 16th century, and retreat to the southern Andes. Then, we will move on to the study of the logistical needs of the Viceregal government of Cuzco for the consolidation of territorial control in the southern Andean region and the subsequent incursions into Lima. Next, the effects of the end of the Liberal Triennium (1820-1823) will be analyzed, emphasizing the uprising of General Olañeta in Upper Peru and how this generated a domino effect that ended up dividing the royalist army months before the development of the battles of Junin and Ayacucho. In that sense, we argue that the counterrevolutionary success during the years of Viceroy La Serna’s government was due not only to the articulation of human capital and resources that the central and southern Andes provided, but also to the internal instability of the independent government in the Peruvian coast. However, this success ended by Olañeta’s actions, which Bolívar took advantage of to obtain decisive victories in 1824. 182 1824 First Lima th century Then Next 18201823 1820 1823 (1820-1823 analyzed Ayacucho sense Sernas s provided coast However Olañetas actions 18 1820182 (1820-182 1 182018 (1820-18 18201 (1820-1 (1820- (1820 (182 (18 (1 (

Resumen Este artículo expone la diversidad de manifestaciones y propuestas políticas de la contrarrevolución en la Audiencia de Quito entre 1809 y 1822. Se demuestra que las respuestas a la revolución fueron diversas y cambiantes según los contextos, con una gran capacidad de movilización social. La unidad inicial frente a la crisis de 1808 muy pronto se quebró para dar lugar a un escenario político fragmentado. Con sus tensiones internas, los realistas quiteños hicieron frente a los desafíos que supusieron la insurgencia y el liberalismo gaditano. La élite indígena también fue crítica con la Constitución de 1812 para mantener sus antiguos privilegios. La estabilidad anunciada con la restauración absolutista de Fernando VII fue sólo un espejismo pasajero. En adelante, la revolución española de 1820 constituyó un nuevo desafío que algunos afrontaron tomando partido por la opción independentista. 180 1822 contextos social fragmentado internas gaditano 181 privilegios pasajero adelante 182 independentista 18 1

Abstract This article studies the diversity of manifestations and political proposals of the counter-revolution in the Audiencia of Quito between 1809 and 1822. It shows that the responses to the revolution were diverse and changed according to the contexts, with a great capacity for social mobilisation. The initial unity in the face of the 1808 crisis soon broke down to give way to a fragmented political scenario. With their internal tensions, Quito’s royalists faced the challenges posed by the insurgency and Cadiz liberalism. The indigenous elite were also critical of the 1812 Constitution for maintaining their old privileges. The stability heralded by the absolutist restoration of Ferdinand VII was only a passing mirage. Henceforth, the Spanish revolution of 1820 constituted a new challenge that some faced by taking the pro-independence option. counterrevolution counter 180 1822 contexts mobilisation scenario tensions Quitos s liberalism 181 privileges mirage Henceforth 182 proindependence pro independence option 18 1