ABSTRACT Objective To assess dietary intake and weight status changes among Brazilian adults. Methods In this dietary survey, data from the food consumption modules of the 2008-2009 (n=21,003 adults) and the 2017-2018 (n=28,153 adults) Household Budget Survey were evaluated to estimate the mean consumption (g/day) of 20 food groups. The body mass index was calculated to classify the weight status of adults and estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Differences between surveys were identified when the 95% confidence intervals were not interspersed. All analyses were stratified by gender and considered the sample weight and the complexity of the sample design. Results The prevalence of overweight increased both among men (38.4%; 95% CI: 36.8-40.0, in 2008-2009 vs. 42.2%; 95% CI: 40.9-43.5, in 2017-2018) and women (29.5%; 95% CI: 58.0-30.9 vs. 35.2%; 95% CI: 34.0-36.4, respectively). Mean consumption of poultry and eggs (57.6g/day vs. 77.9 g/day in men and 43.5g/day vs. 57.3g/day in women, p<0.05) and fast foods (31.3g/day vs. and 48.7g/day in men and 25.3g/day in 2008-2009 vs. 34.8g/day in women, p<0.05) increased between the two surveys, while the mean consumption of rice, beans, fruits, coffee and tea, fish and seafood, processed meats, milk and dairy products, sweets and desserts, sugary drinks, and soups declined. Conclusion The Brazilian food consumption pattern follows the increased prevalence of overweight and reinforces the need to encourage healthy patterns that revive our country's food culture and eating habits. survey 20082009 2008 2009 2008-200 n=21,003 n21003 n 21 003 (n=21,00 20172018 2017 2018 2017-201 n=28,153 n28153 28 153 (n=28,15 gday g day (g/day 2 groups obesity 95 interspersed design 38.4% 384 38 4 (38.4% CI 36.840.0, 368400 36.8 40.0, 36 8 40 0 36.8-40.0 vs 42.2% 422 42 40.943.5, 409435 40.9 43.5, 9 43 5 40.9-43.5 29.5% 295 29 (29.5% 58.030.9 580309 58.0 30.9 58 30 58.0-30. 35.2% 352 35 34.036.4, 340364 34.0 36.4, 34 34.0-36.4 respectively. respectively . respectively) 57.6g/day 576gday 57 6g 779 77 77. 435gday 5g 573gday 3g p<0.05 p005 p 05 31.3g/day 313gday 31 487gday 48 7g 253gday 25 348gday 8g rice beans fruits tea seafood meats products desserts drinks declined countrys country s habits 2008200 200 2008-20 n=21,00 n2100 00 (n=21,0 2017201 201 2017-20 n=28,15 n2815 15 (n=28,1 38.4 3 (38.4 840 36.840.0 36840 368 36. 400 40.0 36.8-40. 42.2 943 40.943.5 40943 409 40. 435 43.5 40.9-43. 29.5 (29.5 030 58.030. 58030 580 58. 309 30. 58.0-30 35.2 036 34.036.4 34036 340 34. 364 36.4 34.0-36. 7 p<0.0 p00 200820 2008-2 n=21,0 n210 (n=21, 201720 2017-2 n=28,1 n281 1 (n=28, 38. (38. 84 36.840. 3684 36.8-40 42. 94 40.943. 4094 43. 40.9-43 29. (29. 03 58.030 5803 58.0-3 35. 34.036. 3403 34.0-36 p<0. p0 20082 2008- n=21, n21 (n=21 20172 2017- n=28, n28 (n=28 (38 36.840 36.8-4 40.943 40.9-4 (29 58.03 58.0- 34.036 34.0-3 p<0 n=21 n2 (n=2 n=28 (3 36.84 36.8- 40.94 40.9- (2 34.03 34.0- p< n=2 (n= ( n= (n
RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar as mudanças no consumo alimentar e status de peso de adultos no Brasil. Métodos Neste inquérito dietético, foram avaliados dados dos blocos de consumo alimentar das Pesquisas de Orçamento Familiar dos anos 2008-2009 (n=21.003 adultos) e 2017-2018 (n=28.153 adultos) para estimar a média de consumo (g/dia) de 20 grupos de alimentos. O índice de massa corporal foi calculado para classificar o status de peso dos adultos e estimar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade. Diferenças entre os inquéritos foram identificadas quando os intervalos de 95% de confiança não se intercalaram. Todas as análises foram realizadas separadamente por sexo e consideraram o peso amostral e a complexidade do desenho amostral. Resultados A prevalência de sobrepeso aumentou tanto entre homens (38,4%; intervalo de confiança 95%: 36,8-40,0, em 2008-2009 vs 42,2%; intervalo de confiança 95%: 40,9-43,5, em 2017-2018) como entre mulheres (29,5%; intervalo de confiança 95%: 58,0-30,9 vs 35,2%; intervalo de confiança 95%: 34,0-36,4, respectivamente). A média de consumo de frango e ovos (57,6g/dia vs. 77,9 g/dia, em homens e 43,5g/dia vs. 57,3g/dia, em mulheres, p<0,05) e fast foods (31,3g/dia vs. e 48,7g/dia, em homens e 25,3g/dia em 2008-2009 vs. 34,8g/dia, em mulheres, p<0,05) aumentou entre os dois inquéritos, enquanto a média de consumo de arroz, feijão, frutas, café e chá, peixes e frutos do mar, carnes processadas, leite e derivados, doces e sobremesas, bebidas açucaradas e sopas diminuiu. Conclusão As mudanças no padrão de consumo da dieta brasileira acompanham o aumento nas prevalências de sobrepeso e reforçam a necessidade de se estimular padrões saudáveis que resgatem a cultura alimentar e hábitos alimentares de nosso país. Brasil dietético 20082009 2008 2009 2008-200 n=21.003 n21003 n 21 003 (n=21.00 20172018 2017 2018 2017-201 n=28.153 n28153 28 153 (n=28.15 g/dia gdia g dia (g/dia 2 alimentos obesidade 95 intercalaram 38,4% 384 38 4 (38,4% 36,840,0, 368400 36,8 40,0, 36 8 40 0 36,8-40,0 42,2% 422 42 40,943,5, 409435 40,9 43,5, 9 43 5 40,9-43,5 29,5% 295 29 (29,5% 58,030,9 580309 58,0 30,9 58 30 58,0-30, 35,2% 352 35 34,036,4, 340364 34,0 36,4, 34 34,0-36,4 respectivamente. respectivamente . respectivamente) 57,6g/dia 576gdia 57 6g 779 77 77, 435gdia 5g 573gdia 3g 57,3g/dia p<0,05 p005 p 05 31,3g/dia 313gdia 31 487gdia 48 7g 48,7g/dia 253gdia 25 348gdia 8g 34,8g/dia arroz feijão frutas chá mar processadas derivados sobremesas diminuiu país 2008200 200 2008-20 n=21.00 n2100 00 (n=21.0 2017201 201 2017-20 n=28.15 n2815 15 (n=28.1 38,4 3 (38,4 840 36,840,0 36840 368 36, 400 40,0 36,8-40, 42,2 943 40,943,5 40943 409 40, 435 43,5 40,9-43, 29,5 (29,5 030 58,030, 58030 580 58, 309 30, 58,0-30 35,2 036 34,036,4 34036 340 34, 364 36,4 34,0-36, 7 p<0,0 p00 200820 2008-2 n=21.0 n210 (n=21. 201720 2017-2 n=28.1 n281 1 (n=28. 38, (38, 84 36,840, 3684 36,8-40 42, 94 40,943, 4094 43, 40,9-43 29, (29, 03 58,030 5803 58,0-3 35, 34,036, 3403 34,0-36 p<0, p0 20082 2008- n=21. n21 (n=21 20172 2017- n=28. n28 (n=28 (38 36,840 36,8-4 40,943 40,9-4 (29 58,03 58,0- 34,036 34,0-3 p<0 n=21 n2 (n=2 n=28 (3 36,84 36,8- 40,94 40,9- (2 34,03 34,0- p< n=2 (n= ( n= (n