RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os padrões de prescrição de short-acting b2 agonists (SABAs, b2-agonistas de curta duração) e outros medicamentos para asma em pacientes tratados por especialistas e participantes do estudo SABA use IN Asthma (SABINA) no Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal observacional realizado em cinco locais em diferentes regiões do Brasil. Os desfechos primários foram registrar as prescrições de SABAs e obter dados a respeito da compra de SABAs sem receita médica na farmácia. Resultados: Foram analisados dados a respeito de 218 pacientes com asma. Dos 218 pacientes, 80,3% receberam prescrição de SABA além da terapia de manutenção, com uma média de 11,2 frascos de SABA nos 12 meses anteriores. Destes, 71,4% receberam prescrição de ≥ 3 frascos e 42,2% receberam prescrição de ≥ 10 frascos. Nenhum dos pacientes recebeu prescrição de monoterapia com SABA. Do total de pacientes, 14,2% relataram que compraram SABAs sem receita médica na farmácia. Destes, 48,4% compraram ≥ 3 frascos de SABA. Foram prescritas doses fixas combinadas de corticosteroide inalatório e b2-agonista de longa duração para 95,0% dos pacientes. No ano anterior à visita do estudo, 45,0% dos pacientes receberam pelo menos um ciclo de tratamento de curta duração com corticosteroide oral. A asma estava bem controlada em 43,1% dos pacientes, parcialmente controlada em 34,9% e não controlada em 22,0%. Os pacientes relataram uma média de 1,1 exacerbações graves da asma, sendo que 49,1% apresentaram uma ou mais exacerbações graves. Conclusões: A prescrição excessiva e a compra de SABAs sem receita médica são comuns no Brasil e possivelmente levam à necessidade de uso de corticosteroides orais. A comunidade de profissionais de saúde deve colaborar para implantar recomendações baseadas em evidências e promover a educação em saúde para melhorar o manejo da asma no Brasil. Objetivo shortacting short acting b SABAs, (SABAs b2agonistas bagonistas agonistas SABINA (SABINA Métodos Tratase Trata se farmácia Resultados 21 803 80 80,3 manutenção 112 11 2 11, 1 anteriores Destes 714 71 4 71,4 422 42 42,2 142 14 14,2 484 48 48,4 b2agonista bagonista agonista 950 95 0 95,0 450 45 45,0 oral 431 43 43,1 349 34 9 34,9 220 22 22,0% 1, 491 49 49,1 Conclusões orais 8 80, 7 71, 42, 14, 48, 95, 45, 43, 34, 22,0 49, 22,

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess prescription patterns for short-acting b2 agonists (SABAs) and other asthma medications in asthma patients treated by specialists and participating in the SABA use IN Asthma (SABINA) study in Brazil. Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted at five sites in different regions of Brazil. The primary endpoints were to record SABA prescriptions and obtain data on over-the-counter (OTC) SABA purchases at the pharmacy. Results: Data on 218 asthma patients were analyzed. Of those 218 patients, 80.3% were prescribed SABAs in addition to their maintenance therapy, with a mean of 11.2 SABA canisters in the previous 12 months. Of those patients, 71.4% were prescribed ≥ 3 canisters and 42.2% were prescribed ≥ 10 canisters. None of the patients were prescribed SABA monotherapy. A total of 14.2% of the patients reported purchasing SABAs OTC at a pharmacy without a prescription. Of those, 48.4% purchased ≥ 3 SABA canisters. A fixed-dose combination of an inhaled corticosteroid and a long-acting b2 agonist was prescribed to 95.0% of the patients. In the year before the study visit, 45.0% of the patients received at least one course of oral corticosteroid burst treatment. Asthma was well controlled in 43.1% of the patients, partly controlled in 34.9%, and uncontrolled in 22.0%. Patients reported a mean of 1.1 severe asthma exacerbations, with 49.1% experiencing 1 or more severe exacerbations. Conclusions: Overprescription and OTC purchases of SABAs are common in Brazil, possibly leading to the need for courses of oral corticosteroids. The health care community should collaborate to implement evidence-based recommendations and promote health education to improve asthma management in Brazil. Objective shortacting short acting b (SABAs SABINA (SABINA Brazil Methods observational crosssectional cross sectional overthecounter over counter (OTC Results 21 analyzed 803 80 80.3 therapy 112 11 2 11. months 714 71 4 71.4 422 42 42.2 monotherapy 142 14 14.2 484 48 48.4 fixeddose fixed dose longacting long 950 95 0 95.0 visit 450 45 45.0 treatment 431 43 43.1 349 34 9 34.9% 220 22 22.0% 1. exacerbations 491 49 49.1 Conclusions corticosteroids evidencebased evidence based 8 80. 7 71. 42. 14. 48. 95. 45. 43. 34.9 22.0 49. 34. 22.

RESUMO Objetivos: Este estudo teve como objetivo principal investigar os determinantes clínicos do Teste do Degrau Incremental Modificado (TDIM) em adultos com bronquiectasia não fibrocística (BNFC). Um objetivo secundário foi comparar as respostas cardiopulmonares após o TDIM e o Teste Graduado de Caminhada (TGC), dois testes de campo máximos amplamente adotados e limitados por sintomas em doenças respiratórias crônicas. Métodos: Quarenta e seis pacientes com bronquiectasia clinicamente estável participaram deste estudo transversal. O TDIM e TGC foram realizados para determinar a capacidade de exercício, enquanto a gravidade da doença, fadiga e qualidade de vida foram avaliadas usando o Índice de Gravidade da Bronquiectasia (BSI), a Escala de Gravidade da Fadiga (FSS) e o Questionário Respiratório de Saint George (SGRQ), respectivamente. A força muscular do quadríceps foi avaliada usando um dinamômetro manual, a velocidade de caminhada com um dispositivo de sensor inercial sem fio e o nível de atividade física (passos/dia) com um pedômetro. Resultados: O escore BSI, a força muscular do quadríceps, a contagem diária de passos e o escore total do SGRQ explicaram 61,9% da variação no TDIM (p < 0,001, R2 = 0,67, AR2 = 0,619). O escore BSI (r = -0,412, p = 0,004), a força muscular do quadríceps (r = 0,574, p = 0,001), a contagem diária de passos (r = 0,523, p < 0,001), a velocidade de caminhada (r = 0,402, p = 0,006), o escore FSS (r = -0,551, p < 0,001) e o escore total do SGRQ (r = -0,570, p < 0,001) correlacionaram-se com o TDIM. Os pacientes atingiram maiores frequências cardíacas (FC), FC%, dessaturação, dispneia e fadiga nas pernas no TDIM em comparação com o TGC (p < 0,05). Conclusões: A gravidade da doença, a força muscular do quadríceps, o nível de atividade física e a qualidade de vida foram determinantes do TDIM. As vantagens do TDIM, incluindo uma resposta cardiopulmonar mais elevada que no TGC e maior portabilidade, que facilita sua utilização em diversos ambientes, fazem do TDIM a escolha preferencial para investigar a capacidade de exercício limitada por sintomas em pacientes com BNFC. Objetivos (TDIM BNFC . (BNFC) TGC, , (TGC) crônicas Métodos transversal doença (BSI) (FSS SGRQ, (SGRQ) respectivamente manual passos/dia passosdia dia (passos/dia pedômetro Resultados 619 61 9 61,9 0001 0 001 0,001 R 067 67 0,67 AR 0,619. 0619 0,619 0,619) r 0,412, 0412 412 -0,412 0,004, 0004 0,004 004 0,004) 0574 574 0,574 0523 523 0,523 0402 402 0,402 0,006, 0006 0,006 006 0,006) 0,551, 0551 551 -0,551 0,570, 0570 570 -0,570 correlacionaramse correlacionaram se FC, FC (FC) FC% dessaturação 0,05. 005 0,05 05 0,05) Conclusões portabilidade ambientes (BNFC (TGC (BSI (SGRQ 6 61, 000 00 0,00 06 0,6 061 0,61 0,412 041 41 -0,41 057 57 0,57 052 52 0,52 040 40 0,40 0,551 055 55 -0,55 0,570 -0,57 (FC 0,0 0, 0,41 04 4 -0,4 5 0,5 0,4 0,55 -0,5 -0, -0 -

ABSTRACT Objectives: This study primarily aimed to investigate the clinical determinants of the Modified Incremental Step Test (MIST) in adults with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB). A secondary objective was to compare the cardiopulmonary responses after the MIST and Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT), two commonly adopted symptom-limited maximum field tests in chronic respiratory diseases. Methods: Forty-six patients with clinically stable bronchiectasis participated in this cross-sectional study. MIST and ISWT were performed to determine exercise capacity, while disease severity, fatigue, and quality of life were assessed using the Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), respectively. Quadriceps muscle strength was evaluated using a hand-held dynamometer, walking speed with a wireless inertial sensing device, and the level of physical activity (steps/day) with a pedometer. Results: The BSI score, quadriceps muscle strength, daily step count, and the SGRQ total score explained 61.9% of the variance in the MIST (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.67, AR2 = 0.619). The BSI score (r = -0.412, p = 0.004), quadriceps muscle strength (r = 0.574, p = 0.001), daily step count (r = 0.523, p < 0.001), walking speed (r = 0.402, p = 0.006), FSS score (r = -0.551, p < 0.001), and SGRQ total score (r = -0.570, p < 0.001) correlated with the MIST. The patients achieved higher heart rates (HR), HR%, desaturation, dyspnea, and leg fatigue in the MIST compared to the ISWT (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Disease severity, quadriceps muscle strength, physical activity level, and quality of life were determinants of MIST. The advantages of the MIST, including higher cardiopulmonary response than ISWT and greater portability, which facilitates its use in various settings, make MIST the preferred choice for investigating symptom-limited exercise capacity in patients with NCFB. Objectives (MIST noncystic non cystic NCFB . (NCFB) ISWT, , (ISWT) symptomlimited symptom limited diseases Methods Fortysix Forty six crosssectional cross sectional severity BSI, (BSI) FSS, (FSS) St Georges George s SGRQ, (SGRQ) respectively handheld hand held dynamometer device steps/day stepsday steps day (steps/day pedometer Results 619 61 9 61.9 0001 0 001 0.001 R 067 67 0.67 AR 0.619. 0619 0.619 0.619) r 0.412, 0412 412 -0.412 0.004, 0004 0.004 004 0.004) 0574 574 0.574 0523 523 0.523 0402 402 0.402 0.006, 0006 0.006 006 0.006) 0.551, 0551 551 -0.551 0.570, 0570 570 -0.570 HR, HR (HR) HR% desaturation dyspnea 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) Conclusions portability settings (NCFB (ISWT (BSI (FSS (SGRQ 6 61. 000 00 0.00 06 0.6 061 0.61 0.412 041 41 -0.41 057 57 0.57 052 52 0.52 040 40 0.40 0.551 055 55 -0.55 0.570 -0.57 (HR 0.0 0. 0.41 04 4 -0.4 5 0.5 0.4 0.55 -0.5 -0. -0 -

RESUMO Objetivos: Descrever os sintomas persistentes e a função pulmonar em casos leves de COVID-19 seis meses após a infecção. Métodos: A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário semiestruturado contendo informações sobre dados demográficos e antropométricos dos participantes, a doença na fase aguda e os sintomas persistentes seis meses após a COVID-19, utilizando espirometria e manovacuometria. Resultados: Um total de 136 participantes foram avaliados, dos quais 64% eram do sexo masculino, com uma idade média de 38,17 ± 14,08 anos e índice de massa corporal (IMC) de 29,71 ± 17,48 kg/m2. Os principais sintomas persistentes relatados foram dispneia ao esforço (39,7%), perda de memória (38,2%) e ansiedade (48,5%). Considerando a função pulmonar, os participantes atingiram 88,87 ± 17,20% da capacidade vital forçada (CVF) prevista, 86,03 ± 22,01% do volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1) e 62,71 ± 25,04% do pico de fluxo expiratório (PFE). Na manovacuometria, observou-se 97,41 ± 34,67% da força inspiratória prevista (Pimáx) e 66,86 ± 22,97% da força expiratória prevista (Pemáx). Conclusões: Seis meses após a infecção por COVID-19, observou-se uma redução no PFE e na PEM. Dentre os sintomas persistentes mais comumente relatados estavam fadiga, cansaço com o mínimo esforço, ansiedade e depressão, perda de memória e déficits de concentração. Objetivos COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Métodos COVID19, 19, manovacuometria Resultados 13 avaliados 64 masculino 3817 38 17 38,1 1408 14 08 14,0 IMC (IMC 2971 29 71 29,7 1748 48 17,4 kgm2 kgm kg m2 m kg/m2 39,7%, 397 39,7% , 39 7 (39,7%) 38,2% 382 2 (38,2% 48,5%. 485 48,5% . 5 (48,5%) 8887 88 87 88,8 1720 20 17,20 CVF (CVF 8603 86 03 86,0 2201 22 01 22,01 VEF1 VEF (VEF1 6271 62 62,7 2504 25 04 25,04 PFE. (PFE) observouse observou se 9741 97 41 97,4 3467 34 67 34,67 Pimáx (Pimáx 6686 66 66,8 2297 22,97 Pemáx. Pemáx (Pemáx) Conclusões PEM fadiga depressão concentração COVID1 1 COVID- 6 381 3 38, 140 0 14, 297 29, 174 4 17, kg/m 39,7 (39,7% 38,2 (38,2 48,5 (48,5% 888 8 88, 172 17,2 860 86, 220 22,0 (VEF 627 62, 250 25,0 (PFE 974 9 97, 346 34,6 668 66, 229 22,9 (Pemáx 39, (39,7 (38, 48, (48,5 22, 25, 34, (39, (38 (48, (39 (3 (48 ( (4

ABSTRACT Objectives: To describe persistent symptoms and lung function in mild cases of COVID-19 six months after infection. Methods: Data collection was performed through a semi-structured questionnaire containing information on the participants’ demographic and anthropometric data, the disease in the acute phase, and persistent symptoms six months after COVID-19 using spirometry and manovacuometry. Results: A total of 136 participants were evaluated, of whom 64% were male, with a mean age of 38.17 ± 14.08 years and a body mass index (BMI) of 29.71 ± 17.48 kg/m2. The main persistent symptoms reported were dyspnea on exertion (39.7%), memory loss (38.2%), and anxiety (48.5%). Considering lung function, the participants reached 88.87 ± 17.20% of the predicted forced vital capacity (FVC), 86.03 ± 22.01% of the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and 62.71 ± 25.04% of peak expiratory flow (PEF). Upon manovacuometry, 97.41 ± 34.67% of the predicted inspiratory force (Pimax) and 66.86 ± 22.97% of the predicted expiratory force (Pemax) were observed. Conclusions: Six months after COVID-19 infection, a reduction in PEF and MEP was observed. Among the most commonly reported persistent symptoms were fatigue, tiredness with the slightest exertion, anxiety and depression, memory loss, and deficits in concentration. Objectives COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 infection Methods semistructured semi structured data phase manovacuometry Results 13 evaluated 64 male 3817 38 17 38.1 1408 14 08 14.0 BMI (BMI 2971 29 71 29.7 1748 48 17.4 kgm2 kgm kg m2 m kg/m2 39.7%, 397 39.7% , 39 7 (39.7%) 38.2%, 382 38.2% 2 (38.2%) 48.5%. 485 48.5% . 5 (48.5%) 8887 88 87 88.8 1720 20 17.20 FVC, FVC (FVC) 8603 86 03 86.0 2201 22 01 22.01 FEV1, FEV1 FEV (FEV1) 6271 62 62.7 2504 25 04 25.04 PEF. (PEF) 9741 97 41 97.4 3467 34 67 34.67 Pimax (Pimax 6686 66 66.8 2297 22.97 Pemax (Pemax observed Conclusions fatigue depression concentration COVID1 1 COVID- 6 381 3 38. 140 0 14. 297 29. 174 4 17. kg/m 39.7 (39.7% 38.2 (38.2% 48.5 (48.5% 888 8 88. 172 17.2 (FVC 860 86. 220 22.0 (FEV1 627 62. 250 25.0 (PEF 974 9 97. 346 34.6 668 66. 229 22.9 39. (39.7 (38.2 48. (48.5 22. (FEV 25. 34. (39. (38. (48. (39 (38 (48 (3 (4 (

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as características clínicas e desfechos de pacientes com insuficiência respiratória aguda por COVID-19 com base na situação vacinal no momento da admissão na UTI. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospectivo com um banco de dados prospectivo de pacientes admitidos na UTI de um hospital universitário em Múrcia, na Espanha, entre 1º de janeiro de 2021 e 1º de setembro de 2022. Dados clínicos, analíticos e sociodemográficos foram coletados e analisados com base na situação vacinal dos pacientes. Por meio de pareamento por escore de propensão, foram realizados ajustes de modo a levar em conta as variáveis de confusão. Além disso, foram calculadas as OR ajustadas e IC95%. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 276 pacientes. Destes, 8,3% apresentavam vacinação completa, 12% apresentavam vacinação incompleta e 79,7% não haviam sido vacinados. Embora os pacientes com vacinação completa apresentassem mais comorbidades, os com vacinação incompleta apresentavam doença mais grave. A proporção de pacientes com insuficiência respiratória aguda grave foi maior nos não vacinados, seguidos daqueles com vacinação incompleta. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os diferentes grupos quanto a complicações, tempo de suporte ventilatório ou tempo de internação na UTI/hospital. Na amostra selecionada pelo pareamento por escore de propensão, o número de pacientes com complicações graves e a taxa de mortalidade hospitalar foram maiores em pacientes não vacinados, mas as diferenças não foram significativas. Conclusões: Este estudo não conseguiu demonstrar uma melhoria significativa dos desfechos em pacientes com COVID-19 em estado crítico e vacinados contra o SARS-CoV-2. No entanto, os IC foram amplos e as estimativas pontuais de mortalidade favoreceram os pacientes que receberam pelo menos uma dose de vacina contra a COVID-19. Objetivo COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Métodos Múrcia Espanha º 202 2022 clínicos propensão confusão disso IC95 IC95% Resultados 27 Destes 83 8 3 8,3 12 797 79 7 79,7 comorbidades UTIhospital UTI/hospital Conclusões SARSCoV2. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2. 2 SARS-CoV-2 entanto COVID19. 19. COVID1 1 COVID- 20 IC9 8, 79, SARS-CoV- SARS-CoV

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure on the basis of their vaccination status at the time of ICU admission. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study using a prospective database of patients admitted to the ICU of a university hospital in the city of Murcia, in Spain, between January 1, 2021 and September 1, 2022. Clinical, analytical, and sociodemographic data were collected and analyzed on the basis of patient vaccination status. We adjusted for confounding variables using propensity score matching and calculated adjusted ORs and 95% CIs. Results: A total of 276 patients were included in the study. Of those, 8.3% were fully vaccinated, 12% were partially vaccinated, and 79.7% were unvaccinated. Although fully vaccinated patients had more comorbidities, partially vaccinated patients had higher disease severity. The proportion of patients with severe acute respiratory failure was higher in the unvaccinated group, followed by the partially vaccinated group. No significant differences were found among the different groups regarding complications, duration of ventilatory support, or length of ICU/hospital stay. In the sample selected by propensity score matching, the number of patients with severe complications and the in-hospital mortality rate were higher in unvaccinated patients, but the differences were not significant. Conclusions: This study failed to show a significant improvement in outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. However, the CIs were wide and the mortality point estimates favored patients who received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Objective COVID19related COVIDrelated COVID 19 related admission Methods Murcia Spain 1 202 2022 Clinical analytical 95 Results 27 those 83 8 3 8.3 12 797 79 7 79.7 comorbidities severity group support ICUhospital stay inhospital Conclusions COVID19 COVID-1 SARSCoV2. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2. 2 SARS-CoV-2 However vaccine 20 9 8. 79. COVID1 COVID- SARS-CoV- SARS-CoV

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar o papel do polimorfismo rs4073 do gene IL8 na previsão do risco de toxicidade do sistema nervoso central (SNC) em pacientes em tratamento farmacológico padrão para tuberculose multirresistente (TBMR). Métodos: Amostras de sangue de uma coorte de 85 pacientes com TBMR que assinaram um termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido e que estavam recebendo tratamento com medicamentos antituberculosos de segunda linha foram amplificadas para o gene IL8 (rs4073) e genotipadas. Todos os pacientes foram avaliados clinicamente quanto a evidências de toxicidade do tratamento e categorizados de acordo com os achados. Foram avaliadas as associações brutas e ajustadas. Resultados: As principais queixas enquadraram-se nas seguintes categorias: toxicidade do SNC; toxicidade gastrointestinal; toxicidade cutânea; e toxicidade ocular e ototoxicidade. Sintomas de toxicidade gastrointestinal foram relatados por 59% dos pacientes, e sintomas de toxicidade do SNC foram relatados por 42,7%. Foram identificados os seguintes genótipos de IL8 (rs4073): AA, em 64 dos participantes; AT, em 7; TT, em 11. Houve associação significativa entre o modelo dominante de herança e toxicidade do SNC no modelo bruto (p = 0,024; OR = 3,57; IC95%: 1,18-10,76) e no ajustado (p = 0,031; OR = 3,92; IC95%: 1,13-13,58). O genótipo AT+TT do gene IL8 (rs4073) apresentou risco 3,92 vezes maior de toxicidade do SNC que o genótipo AA. Conclusões: O genótipo AT+TT tende a se associar a um maior risco de características clínicas adversas durante o tratamento da TBMR. Objetivo rs rs407 IL (SNC . (TBMR) Métodos 8 (rs4073 genotipadas achados ajustadas Resultados enquadraramse enquadraram categorias cutânea ototoxicidade 59 427 42 7 42,7% AA 6 participantes AT TT 11 p 0,024 0024 0 024 3,57 357 3 57 IC95% IC95 IC 1,1810,76 1181076 1,18 10,76 1 18 10 76 1,18-10,76 0,031 0031 031 392 92 1,1313,58. 1131358 1,13 13,58 13 58 1,13-13,58) ATTT 3,9 Conclusões rs40 (TBMR (rs407 5 4 42,7 0,02 002 02 3,5 35 IC9 1810 1,1810,7 118107 118 1,1 1076 10,7 1,18-10,7 0,03 003 03 39 9 1313 1,1313,58 113135 113 1358 13,5 1,13-13,58 3, rs4 (rs40 42, 0,0 00 181 1,1810, 11810 1, 107 10, 1,18-10, 131 1,1313,5 11313 135 13, 1,13-13,5 (rs4 0, 1,1810 1181 1,18-10 1,1313, 1131 1,13-13, (rs 1,181 1,18-1 1,1313 1,13-13 1,18- 1,131 1,13-1 1,13-

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the role of the IL8 rs4073 polymorphism in predicting the risk of central nervous system (CNS) toxicity in patients receiving standard pharmacological treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Methods: A cohort of 85 consenting MDR-TB patients receiving treatment with second-line antituberculosis drugs had their blood samples amplified for the IL8 (rs4073) gene and genotyped. All patients were clinically screened for evidence of treatment toxicity and categorized accordingly. Crude and adjusted associations were assessed. Results: The chief complaints fell into the following categories: CNS toxicity; gastrointestinal toxicity; skin toxicity; and eye and ear toxicities. Symptoms of gastrointestinal toxicity were reported by 59% of the patients, and symptoms of CNS toxicity were reported by 42.7%. With regard to the genotypes of IL8 (rs4073), the following were identified: AA, in 64 of the study participants; AT, in 7; and TT, in 11. A significant association was found between the dominant model of inheritance and CNS toxicity for the crude model (p = 0.024; OR = 3.57; 95% CI, 1.18-10.76) and the adjusted model (p = 0.031; OR = 3.92; 95% CI, 1.13-13.58). The AT+TT genotype of IL8 (rs4073) showed a 3.92 times increased risk of CNS toxicity when compared with the AA genotype. Conclusions: The AT+TT genotype has a tendency to be associated with an increased risk of adverse clinical features during MDR-TB treatment. Objective IL rs rs407 (CNS multidrugresistant multidrug resistant MDRTB. MDRTB MDR TB . (MDR-TB) Methods 8 secondline second line (rs4073 genotyped accordingly assessed Results categories toxicities 59 427 42 7 42.7% rs4073, , identified 6 participants AT TT 11 p 0.024 0024 0 024 3.57 357 3 57 95 CI 1.1810.76 1181076 1.18 10.76 1 18 10 76 1.18-10.76 0.031 0031 031 392 92 1.1313.58. 1131358 1.13 13.58 13 58 1.13-13.58) ATTT 3.9 Conclusions rs40 (MDR-TB (rs407 5 4 42.7 0.02 002 02 3.5 35 9 1810 1.1810.7 118107 118 1.1 1076 10.7 1.18-10.7 0.03 003 03 39 1313 1.1313.58 113135 113 1358 13.5 1.13-13.58 3. rs4 (rs40 42. 0.0 00 181 1.1810. 11810 1. 107 10. 1.18-10. 131 1.1313.5 11313 135 13. 1.13-13.5 (rs4 0. 1.1810 1181 1.18-10 1.1313. 1131 1.13-13. (rs 1.181 1.18-1 1.1313 1.13-13 1.18- 1.131 1.13-1 1.13-

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate symptoms, lung function, and quality of life of a cohort of patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19 12 months after hospital admission. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. We included severe COVID-19 survivors hospitalized in one of three tertiary referral hospitals for COVID-19 in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Participants were submitted to lung function and six-minute walk tests and completed the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. Results: The whole sample comprised 189 COVID-19 survivors (mean age = 59.6 ± 13.4 years) who had been admitted to a ward only (n = 96; 50.8%) or to an ICU (n = 93; 49.2%). At 12 months of follow-up, 43% of patients presented with dyspnea, 27% of whom had a restrictive ventilatory disorder and 18% of whom presented with impaired DLCO. There were no significant differences in FVC, FEV1, and TLC between the survivors with or without dyspnea. However, those who still had dyspnea had significantly more impaired DLCO (14.9% vs. 22.4%; p < 0.020) and poorer quality of life. Conclusions: After one year, survivors of severe COVID-19 in a middle-income country still present with high symptom burden, restrictive ventilatory changes, and loss of quality of life. Ongoing follow-up is needed to characterize long COVID-19 and identify strategies to mitigate its consequences. Objective symptoms COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 1 admission Methods crosssectional cross sectional study Horizonte Brazil sixminute six minute EQ5D3L EQDL EQ 5D 3L D L questionnaire Results 18 mean 596 59 6 59. 134 13 4 13. years n 96 50.8% 508 50 8 93 49.2%. 492 49.2% . 49 2 49.2%) followup, followup follow up, up 43 27 FVC FEV1 FEV However 14.9% 149 14 9 (14.9 vs 22.4% 224 22 0.020 0020 0 020 Conclusions year middleincome middle income burden changes consequences COVID1 COVID- 5 50.8 49.2 14.9 (14. 22.4 0.02 002 02 50. 49. 14. (14 22. 0.0 00 (1 0. (

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate cognitive learning, ability to perform and interpret lung ultrasound exams, and self-perception of learning among medical students after a short pedagogical intervention at a medical school in Brazil. Methods: An experimental pilot study was conducted with medical students at different stages of their education (basic cycle, clinical cycle, and medical internship). The participants underwent a cognitive test before and after the intervention, a practical test, a test to recognize lung ultrasound pathologies, and a qualitative evaluation test at the end of the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: A total of 42 students were included in the study, with a median age of 23 years and a predominance of males. The mean score of the pre-intervention cognitive test was 2.97 ± 0.87, and that of the post-intervention test was 6.57 ± 1.41, showing significant improvement (p < 0.001). The score of the practical test and that of the recognition of pathologies test also showed significant improvement after the intervention. There was no significant difference in execution time between the groups. Students in the clinical cycle had a better self-perception of learning. Conclusions: Theoretical teaching and practical training of lung ultrasound in a short pedagogical intervention can improve cognitive performance, practical skills, and interpretation of the exam. The level of learning achievement was higher among more advanced students in medical education. Additionally, the students in the clinical cycle had a better perception of their learning. Objective exams selfperception self Brazil Methods basic internship. internship . internship) 005 0 05 0.05 Results 4 2 males preintervention pre 297 97 2.9 087 87 0.87 postintervention post 657 6 57 6.5 141 1 41 1.41 0.001. 0001 0.001 001 0.001) groups Conclusions performance skills exam Additionally 00 0.0 29 9 2. 08 8 0.8 65 5 6. 14 1.4 000 0.00 0. 1.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the number of hospitalizations, the length of hospital stay, and mortality due to asthma, as well as the costs to the Unified Health Care System in Brazil between 2008 and 2021. Methods: This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study using data from the Information Technology Department of the Brazilian Unified Health Care System. Proportional hospitalization and death rates were estimated per 100,000 population by age, microregion, and year. Results: The number of hospitalizations and deaths due to asthma decreased from 2008 to 2021 (205,392 vs. 55,009 and 822 vs. 327, respectively). In addition, a between-sex difference was observed in asthma-related hospitalizations in 2008, and more men were hospitalized in 2021 (51.8%). Asthma mortality rates were similar for both sexes (50.0% each) in 2008, and a slight increase was observed in women’s deaths in 2021 (52.9%). Even so, approximately one death/day and more than 55,000 hospitalizations were observed yearly, with a mean length of hospital stay of three days. Additionally, the Southeast region allocated more financial resources to asthma-related hospitalizations. Conclusions: Our results showed that the number of deaths and hospitalizations due to asthma substantially declined during the study period. Objective 200 Methods crosssectional cross sectional 100000 100 000 100,00 age microregion year Results 202 205,392 205392 205 392 (205,39 vs 55009 55 009 55,00 82 327 respectively. respectively . respectively) addition betweensex sex asthmarelated related 51.8%. 518 51.8% 51 8 (51.8%) 50.0% 500 50 0 (50.0 each womens women s 52.9%. 529 52.9% 52 9 (52.9%) so deathday day 55000 yearly days Additionally Conclusions period 20 10000 10 00 100,0 205,39 20539 39 (205,3 5500 5 55,0 32 51.8 (51.8% 50.0 (50. 52.9 (52.9% 2 1000 1 100, 205,3 2053 3 (205, 550 55, 51. (51.8 50. (50 52. (52.9 205, (205 (51. (5 (52. (20 (51 ( (52 (2