Abstract Glioma brain tumors have similar textural patterns to other tumors, making their detection and segmentation a challenging process. The approach of the Modified Tumor Detection System (MTDS) is presented in this study to identify and categorize brain images of gliomas from images of healthy brains. The Spatial Gabor Transform (SGT), feature calculations, and deep learning structure comprise the training work flow of the suggested MTDS technique. The features are computed from the glioma brain image dataset images and the normal brain image dataset images and these features are fed into the classification architecture. In this paper, the proposed IVGG architecture is derived from the existing Visual Geometry Group (VGG) architecture to improve the detection rate of the proposed system and to decrease the computational time complexity. The testing work flow of the proposed system is also consist of SGT, feature computation and the IVGG architecture to produce the classification result of the source brain images into either normal or glioma. Furthermore, the Morphological Segmentation technique has been used to find the tumor locations in this glioma image. Two separate brain imaging datasets have been used in this study to evaluate and validate the suggested MTDS's performance efficiency. BRATS Imaging 2020 (BI20) and Kaggle Brain Imaging (KBI) are the datasets. Analysis of the performance efficiency has been done in relation to the Jaccard index, recall, precision, and detection rate.

Abstract This work reports a real-time PCR assay to specifically detect the presence of gluten in complex food matrices and to carry out an in-silico prospection of primers used in scientific research. The primers used were “tritprglut” and “Planta 18S” (reference gene), which had mean quantification cycle values (Cq) of 34.30 and 16.98, respectively. The real-time PCR protocol was validated in different meats (beef, chicken, pork, horse and lamb) with an average Cq of 25.69. Tests to verify fraud in industrialized foods were carried out with the following products: cereal bars, chocolate, crackers and two types of snacks. All foods complied with the information contained on the label, except for the cereal bar that was identified as “may contain gluten” and had a “high content” concentration (1,925 mg/kg). The LD value was 36 cycles and the LQ was 60 mg/kg, being within the “low content” classification range. The in-silico tests were performed using two software, MFE and NETprimer, and the content parameters GC, Tm (°C), ∆G (kcal/mol), dimer formation and hairpins. The “Wheat-w-Gliadin” primer showed the best average parameters: size= 24 bp; GC= 44%; Tm = 62.5 °C; ∆G= -32.25 kcal/mol; no dimer or hairpin formation; and a maximum primer rating (100). There were differences in results between the software used. The results highlight the potential of the real-time PCR technique in detecting gluten and/or allergens in foods with a complex matrix, such as chocolate and cereal bars tested in this study, proving to be sensitive and robust to detect the presence of potentially high gluten concentrations. harmful for celiac consumers.

Abstract To ensure the quality of the energy in distribution networks, configurations of voltage regulators (VRs) and Shunt Capacitor Banks (BCshunts) are traditionally used along the feeders. Series Capacitors Bank (BCseries) along the feeders can also help to improve the power quality. In this paper, a strategy is proposed based on a mathematical formulation for an optimization problem where the aim is to allocate and size BCshunts and VRs (as traditionally implemented in the electricity sector) together with BCseries in distribution networks. These devices are allocated using Genetic Algorithm together with Multiperiod Optimal Power Flow. Using the proposed strategy, it is analyzed the network performance by studying: (i) the allocation of VRs and BCshunts simultaneously, and (ii) the allocation of VRs, BCshunts and BCseries simultaneously. The objective function is based on the minimization of active power loss costs, penalties for voltage violations, and equipment costs. Results are presented for a 90-bus radial distribution system which show that the use of BCseries is suitable for feeders with abrupt load variations, and that this approach competes positively with the simultaneous allocation of VR and BCshunt devices, with shorter investment amortization times and improved quality indices.

Abstract This study aimed to develop a bromelain-based gel and evaluate its effects in a ligature-induced periodontitis model in rats. The bromelain-based gel was formulated in two concentrations (1% and 10%). Ten animals were used per group: Control, Periodontitis, Periodontitis + Neutral Gel, Periodontitis + 1% Bromelain Gel, Periodontitis + 10% Bromelain Gel and Periodontitis + 2% Chlorhexidine Gel. The clinical parameters of tooth mobility (TM), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and probing pocket depth (PPD) were evaluated and, after euthanasia, gingival and liver tissue were collected by biopsy for biochemical evaluation of myeloperoxidase (MPO), malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and from the jaws for morphometric analysis of alveolar bone height. The clinical parameters of MT, GBI and PPD of the groups treated with bromelain gel showed a significant reduction (MT = 67.04%, GBI = 67.72% and PPD = 41.22%) compared to the group with periodontitis. The results for MPO dosage in the gingival tissue showed statistically significant differences between the groups when compared to the group with periodontitis, MDA and GSH showed promising results in the groups treated with gels in the dosages of gingival and liver tissue. The results for ABL showed significant differences when compared to the groups that received gel treatment. Therefore, the bromelain orabase gel evaluated in periodontitis showed a positive response for the following parameters TM, GBI and PPD, MPO, MDA and ABL of the oral tissues, preventing alveolar bone resorption caused by the disease, highlighting the potential as an adjuvant treatment of periodontitis, in addition to reducing the systemic effects on the liver tissue.

Abstract Heat treatment used in milk powder processing cannot always inactivate spore-forming microorganisms. Toxin deterioration and production by some species are significant concerns for the dairy industry, making the identification of these microorganisms essential for solving problems with the quality of the products. Given this scenario, this study sought to quantify and identify the predominant species in milk powder, aiming to know the isolated genetic varieties. Fourteen samples were analyzed for aerobic/anaerobic, mesophilic, and thermophilic bacterial spore presence, totaling 52 analyses. Spore contamination was verified in all samples analyzed, and the thermophilic spores had the highest contamination levels. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed 47 isolates: Weizmannia coagulans (21%), Anoxybacillus flavithermus (5.3%), Clostridium butyricum (5.3%), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (2.6%), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (2.6%), Clostridium pabulibutyricum (2.6%), Clostridium sporosphaeroides (2.6%), Bacillus licheniformis (2.6%), Bacillus sp. (34%), Geobacillus sp. (15.8%), and Clostridium sp. (5.3%). The results indicate the need to establish control measures to improve the hygiene and processing conditions of powdered milk, thereby ensuring product quality and consumer safety.

Abstract In the present study, a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach is being explored to remove the harmful dye Congo red from synthetic wastewater, using an equatorial strain of Rhodococcus biphenylivorans. The immobilized cells’ Congo red-decolorizing activity in calcium alginate showed an increase of 217% compared to the free cells. By improving the alginate concentration to 4% (w/v), the bead diameter to 3 mm and using 50 beads, a 67% decrease in the time required for complete decolorization was accomplished. Both free and immobilized cells followed first-order kinetics for the elimination of Congo red, with immobilized cells displaying a decolorization rate 3.2 times greater than that of free cells, resulting in an 84% reduction in half-life. The immobilized cells displayed the capability to remove 0.10 g/L Congo red without any significant decline in their efficiency for up to twelve cycles, offering an economic advantage due to their reusability. Examining the decolorized products of Congo red showed no hindrance in the germination of Triticum aestivum and Vigna radiata, indicating the effective removal of all toxic components from the original dye via the biological method. Therefore, this strain has significant potential as a biological agent to eliminate wastewater contaminated with Congo red efficiently.

Abstract Z. kleinii is an endemic species in Brazil. No reports of popular use, regarding its chemical composition or biological activities were reported to date. The study aimed to investigated the chemical composition of the essential oil of Zanthoxylum kleinii leaves and evaluate its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. The essential oil was extracted from fresh leaves by hydrodistillation method, using a Clevenger apparatus, having a yield of 0.12% (v/m) volume of essential oil in relation to the amount of plant material. Quantitative analysis was performed by GC-MS and the results showed that the essential oil contains 30 compounds. The major compounds are monoterpene hydrocarbons, including β-phellandrene (37.80%), α-pinene (13.32%) and myrcene (10.05%). The essential oil showed no antibacterial activity against the strains tested (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, E. faecalis and S. aureus).

Abstract In the production of kale, nitrogen is one of the nutrients that the plant needs in greater quantity. Its application must be divided throughout the cycle, due to the loss by leaching. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of splitting organic fertilizers in topdressing on the production of kale. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with four replications, with seven treatments being evaluated in a 2 x 3 + 1 factorial scheme, the first factor was the fertilizers (castor bean cake and bokashi) and the second the application intervals (7; 14 and 21 days), in addition to the control without topdressing fertilization. The amount of each fertilizer was calculated to provide the same dose of N (40 kg ha-1) every 21 days. The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves per plant (NLP), leaf fresh matter mass (LFMM), leaf length at the beginning (LLB), middle (LLMe) and end (LLE) of the cycle and “SPAD” index. There was no interaction between the factors, for any characteristic evaluated. For all traits, the values observed in control was lower than treatments with topdressing. The increases of treatments of factorial in relation to the control were 37.8% (plant height); 31.8% (SD); 157.1% (NLP); 213.5% (MLFMM); 7.6% (LLB); 80.2% (LLMe) and 126.6% for the “SPAD” index. It is recommended to use castor bean cake and split it every 21 days as it results in less labor for application.

Abstract The precision agriculture discipline swiftly adopted blockchain as a key technology in numerous applications. From just smart farms to an internet of smart farms in precision farming, the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain is going to boost crop yield in precision agriculture. This proposed methodology presents a comprehensive approach for secure data sharing in precision agriculture. It integrates advanced techniques through multiple layers, including Data Collection, Data Preprocessing, Intelligent Analysis, Security, and Blockchain. IoT sensors collect data on soil moisture, temperature, humidity, crop health, and weather conditions. Preprocessing involves removing outliers, normalizing values, and extracting relevant features, then the required features are selected using the hybrid Sand Cat with Fire Hawk Algorithm (HSCFHA) which is the combination of standard Fire Hawk Optimization (FHO) and Sand Cat Swarm Optimization (SCSO). Deep learning models like Capsule Neural Network (CapsNet), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) networks provide valuable insights for prediction, classification, and anomaly detection. The blockchain layer establishes a decentralized and tamper-resistant ledger for transparent and immutable data transactions. Smart contracts automate and enforce data sharing rules. By incorporating optimized clustering, deep learning models, hybrid encryption, and blockchain technology, this framework empowers precision agriculture while ensuring secure and efficient data sharing with 98.31% of accuracy.

Abstract The big problems of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) horticulture are the present of pathogenic fungus, Rigidoporus microporus, which causes white root disease. Endophytic bacteria have potential to inhibit the pathogenic fungus. This study aims to isolate, identify and evaluate the diversity of endophytic bacteria that can suppress the growth of R. microporus on rubber. Identification of endophytic bacteria based on morphology characters and molecular marker using 16S rRNA primer. In vitro assessments of biological agents were carried out using fermentation medium. In vivo tests were carried out in the nursery using rubber. The isolation results obtained 55 isolates of endophytic bacteria. Isolate B49 from bark showed the highest percentage of inhibition against the growth of R. microporus (82.47%), then followed by isolates D8 (81.44%) and D20 (72.16%) from leaves, and A27 (61.86%) from roots. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the D8 isolate exhibited 98% similarity to Bacillus paramycoides, D20 isolate was shown 95% similarity to Acinetobacter nosocomialis, A27 isolates identified as Enterobacter cloacae (99%), and B49 identified as Bacillus cereus (99%). In addition to inhibiting the growth of R. microporus, several endophytic bacterial isolates used in this study were shown to be able to solubilize phosphate thus suppress white root disease. Bacillus D8, Acinetobacter D20, and Bacillus B49 can be used to control white root disease in rubber plantations. Selected bacteria isolated from rubber have the potential to be used as a biocontrol and as a biofungicide against white root disease caused by R. microporus.

Abstract Resin CAD/CAM guides for the maxilla are widely used and differ from custom miniplates essentially in that they do not have drill guides for screw fixation and use miniplates that must be modeled in surgery. To solve this problem, we have developed a new Maxillary guide bone-supported indicated for osteotomy, drilling, and maxillary positioning in orthognathic surgeries using standard modeled miniplates. In this study were included sixteen patients who had bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. The technique for its manufacturing is described, and its surgical accuracy was analyzed using the planning image (CT0) superimposed on the computed tomography scan post-treatment (CT1). The mean positional differences between pre-treatment and post-treatment were obtained Tri-dimensionally on the X, Y, and Z axes using four landmarks points: one bone (SNA), and three dentals (CI, RM, and LM). At Sixty-four points analyzed on the X axis of the four landmarks, only eight points were greater than 1 mm; 87.5 % of the deviations were <1 mm. For the Y-axis 78.12% of the deviations were <1 mm and for Z-axis, 76.56 %. The mean and standard deviation of the error was 0.36 (0.28) mm, 0.93 (1.07) mm, and 0.73 (0.86) mm on the X, Y, and Z axes, respectively. The X-axis demonstrated the best results among the three axes. The results of the accuracy and reliability tests were satisfactory and support the use of the proposed technique. CADCAM CAD CAM surgery problem bonesupported supported osteotomy drilling described CT0 CT (CT0 posttreatment post treatment CT1. CT1 . (CT1) pretreatment pre Tridimensionally Tri dimensionally Y SNA, SNA , (SNA) CI, CI (CI RM LM. LM LM) Sixtyfour Sixty 875 87 5 87. < Yaxis 7812 78 12 78.12 Zaxis, Zaxis axis, Z-axis 7656 76 56 76.5 036 0 36 0.3 0.28 028 28 (0.28 093 93 0.9 1.07 107 07 (1.07 073 73 0.7 0.86 086 86 (0.86 respectively Xaxis (CT (CT1 (SNA 8 781 7 78.1 765 76. 03 3 0. 0.2 02 2 (0.2 09 9 1.0 10 (1.0 0.8 08 (0.8 78. (0. 1. (1. (0 (1 (

Abstract Curcumin is a polyphenol present in Curcuma longa, a root used in Asian cuisine for thousands of years, and it has several medicinal properties, acting as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, among others. Polyphenols generally have the ability to restore BDNF (Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor) levels, which is a very important neurotrophin in controlling neuronal development and survival, when they are impaired, offering a therapeutic effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of curcumin in Alzheimer's disease and Depression, which has as its main pathogenesis the reduction of BDNF levels, monoamine levels, increased oxidative stress, inflammation, beta-amyloid aggregation, Tau protein accumulation and aluminum neurotoxicity, verifying its therapeutic capacity. Therefore, a literature review was performed in the Scholar Google, ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases. The data analyzed demonstrated that curcumin supplementation is able to restore BDNF levels in Alzheimer's disease and depression, in addition to modulating monoamines and reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, beta-amyloid aggregation, Tau protein accumulation and aluminum neurotoxicity, improving their symptoms. longa years properties antioxidant antiinflammatory, antiinflammatory anti inflammatory, inflammatory anti-inflammatory anticancer others Brain Factor survival impaired effect Alzheimers Alzheimer s Depression stress inflammation betaamyloid beta amyloid aggregation neurotoxicity capacity Therefore Google ScienceDirect databases depression symptoms

Abstract Tea is identified as the second most consumed drink in the world, and its frequent intake is related to several benefits to human health, considering its antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihistamine, diuretic, calming, and above all, antioxidant effects. These effects are often associated with the action of the phenolic compounds contained in these infusions. In Brazil, among the most consumed infusions are the teas of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), and green/black tea (Camellia sinensis L.). Therefore, said popularity is the reason why the mentioned species were chosen to be evaluated on inflammatory enzymes. The activity of phospholipases A2 was reduced by more than 25% after treatment with black tea and yerba mate. The most significant inhibition of protease activity was observed after incubation with black tea (40.74%), green tea (31.48%) and yerba mate (25.93%). Infusions of black and green tea reduced hemolysis in semisolid and liquid media, and for the latter, reductions of up to 50% of hemolytic activity were observed, indicating an anti-inflammatory potential of the samples. Plasma incubations with green tea, black tea and lemon balm and subsequent addition of venom (1:10 ratio; tea:PBS, v:v) prolonged the coagulation time of citrated plasma by approximately twice compared to the positive control. All controls with pure tea had a thrombolytic character, in higher proportions than the venom control, especially chamomile (273.55% dissolution). Phenolic compounds derived from phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins are identified as the main agents that promote the biological effects observed in this study. This is mainly due to their anti-catalytic properties exerted on inflammatory enzymes and as chelating agents of enzymatic co-factors. The evaluated teas showed potential for nutraceutical use, thus pointing to the possibility of use as an adjuvant in the treatment of diseases linked to hemostasis. world health antimutagenic anticarcinogenic antimicrobial antiinflammatory, antiinflammatory anti inflammatory, antihistamine diuretic calming all Brazil Matricaria L., L L. , L.) Cymbopogon D.C. DC D C (D.C. Stapf, Stapf Stapf) Melissa Pimpinella Ilex A St.Hil, StHil St. Hil St St.-Hil) Mentha greenblack Camellia L.. . Therefore 25 40.74%, 4074 40.74% 40 74 (40.74%) 31.48% 3148 31 48 (31.48% 25.93%. 2593 25.93% 93 (25.93%) media latter 50 samples 110 1 10 (1:1 ratio teaPBS, teaPBS PBS, PBS tea:PBS vv v v:v control character 273.55% 27355 273 55 (273.55 dissolution. dissolution dissolution) acids flavonoids study anticatalytic catalytic cofactors. cofactors co factors. factors co-factors hemostasis D.C (D.C St.Hil St.-Hil 2 407 40.74 4 7 (40.74% 31.48 314 3 (31.48 259 25.93 9 (25.93% 5 11 (1: 273.55 2735 27 (273.5 40.7 (40.74 31.4 (31.4 25.9 (25.93 (1 273.5 (273. 40. (40.7 31. (31. 25. (25.9 ( 273. (273 (40. (31 (25. (27 (40 (3 (25 (2 (4

Abstract Studies investigating the effects of different modalities of exercises on the immune system are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of resistance and aerobic training on the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes from mice. Eighteen male C56BL6/J mice were divided into groups (n=6), sedentary, aerobic, and resistance training. After 8 weeks, animals were euthanized, and their splenocytes were labeled and cultured with and without stimulation. Lymphocyte proliferation (CD4+, CD8+ and CD21/CD35+) was evaluated by flow cytometry. The mice subjected to resistance exercise exhibited greater proliferation for total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes (p<0.05), but not CD4+ cells (p>0.05), compared with their sedentary counterparts. We found significant correlations between maximum load and total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes proliferation rates (p<0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that resistance training promoted an improvement in the immune response associated with CD8+ and B lymphocytes. scarce Therefore C56BL6J CBLJ C56BL6 J C BL n=6, n6 n n=6 , 6 (n=6) euthanized stimulation CD4+, CD4 CD (CD4+ CD8 CD21/CD35+ CD21CD35 CDCD CD21 CD35 cytometry total p<0.05, p005 p p<0.05 0 05 (p<0.05) p>0.05, p>0.05 (p>0.05) counterparts p<0.05. . conclusion CBL C56BL n= (n=6 (CD4 CD21/CD35 CD21CD3 CD2 CD3 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 p>0.0 (p>0.05 (n= (CD CD21/CD3 CD21CD p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p>0. (p>0.0 (n CD21/CD p<0 (p<0. p>0 (p>0. p< (p<0 p> (p>0 (p< (p> (p

Abstract Tilapia is one of the most important aquaculture species due to the desirable characteristics as easy reproduction and quick growth in several farming systems, including the recirculating aquaculture systems RAS. In this, the high flow of water to remove waste casually stimulates the fish to swim backset, and growth performance may be improved. Increasing the speed of swimming can improve performance within certain limits, in which however if exceeded can be harmful. Fish may be exhausted leading to impaired growth or even mortality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth performance of tilapia juveniles under sustained swimming exercise at different speeds. Additionally, the fish stocking density effect was tested in the sustained swimming exercise condition. In the first experiment, Nile tilapia juveniles were submitted in triplicates to sustained swimming exercise in speeds of control (not exercised), 1 BL/s (body length per second), 1.5 BL/s and 2 BL/s. In the second experiment, two fish stocking densities were tested in triplicates in sustained swimming exercise in speed of 2 BL/s and control not exercised. Fish growth performance was improved by sustained swimming exercise in speeds up to 2 BL/s. No expressive fish mortalities were observed in both experiments. The comparison between the two stocking densities does not allow us to safely say tilapia can be reared at stocking densities in order of 1,000 fish/m3, even under sustained swimming exercise. Other densities need to be tested. RAS backset limits harmful mortality Additionally condition experiment exercised, exercised , exercised) BLs BL s body second, second) 15 5 1. experiments 1000 000 1,00 fishm3 fishm m3 m fish/m3 100 00 1,0 fish/m 10 0 1,