ABSTRACT. This study aimed to correlate the physical characteristics of ground corn, at different crushing intensities, with the zootechnical performance of piglets in the nursery phase. Forty piglets (20 castrated males and 20 females) with an initial average weight of 15.7±1.98 kg and final weight of 32.5±3.27 kg were used. They were subjected to the same type of experimental diet (4% of commercial premix for the phase, 29% of soybean meal, and 67% of ground corn), with the only difference being the corn grinding process. The corn used was fractionated into five portions, and each one of them was crushed in a hammermill equipped with a different screen hole diameter (2; 2.5; 3; 3.5 and 4 mm). Which resulted in ground corn with the following particle sizes (PS): 518, 580, 628, 706 and 740 μm, and the following corn geometric standard deviations (GSD): 1.72, 1.71, 1.75, 1.80 and 1.90, respectively. The piglets were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications, with the experimental units being formed by pens with two piglets each. There was no effect (p > 0.10) from grinding intensities on daily feed intake (DFI) and daily weight gain (DWG). Conversely, there was an effect (p < 0.10) from different grinding intensities on feed conversion (FC). The PS and GSD of both the corn and diet, as well as the corn fractions retained on the 4-, 2- and 1.2-mm test sieves showed positive correlations with FC (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the corn fractions retained on the 0.6-, 0.3- and 0.15-mm teste sieves showed negative correlations with FC (p < 0.05). The linear model was the one that fitted the estimated data into the data observed for FC. A corn PS reduction from 740 to 580 μm promoted a linear improvement in FC. The use of corn fractions, retained on the 1-, 2- and 0.3-mm test sieves, and the use of corn GSD and diet GSD as independent variables showed a higher R² than that obtained with the use of corn PS as an independent variable in linear equations for estimating FC. ABSTRACT phase (2 2 females 157198 15 7 1 98 15.7±1.9 325327 32 5 3 27 32.5±3.2 4% (4 29 meal 67 , corn) process portions 2.5 25 35 3. mm. mm . mm) (PS) 518 628 70 74 (GSD) 172 72 1.72 171 71 1.71 175 75 1.75 180 80 1.8 190 90 1.90 respectively replications p 0.10 010 0 10 DFI (DFI DWG. DWG (DWG) Conversely (FC) 4, 4- 1.2mm 12mm 1.2 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) hand 0.6, 06 0.6 6 0.6- 0.3 03 0.15mm 015mm 0.15 58 1, 1- 0.3mm 03mm R ( 15719 9 15.7±1. 32532 32.5±3. 2. (PS 51 62 (GSD 17 1.7 18 8 1. 19 1.9 0.1 01 (DWG (FC 2mm 12 00 0.0 0. 15mm 015 3mm 1571 15.7±1 3253 32.5±3 157 15.7± 325 32.5± 15.7 32.5 15. 32.

ABSTRACT. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dietary effect of an enzymatic complex on the growth performance variables, blood parameters, and economic viability of piglets. To achieve this, we used 80 piglets (40 castrated males and 40 females) in a 2 × 2 factorial design following a randomized block experimental distribution, with two levels of metabolizable energy (adequate: 3206.09 and low: 3005.45 kcal kg-1) and two enzyme levels (0 and 50 g ton-1). The results showed no significant difference between treatments in the growth performance variables or blood parameters of piglets. The economic viability, economic efficiency index, and cost index were improved when we used a diet with a low energy supplemented with the enzyme complex as compared to other experimental diets. Thus, we concluded that enzyme complex supplementation can maintain growth performance and blood parameters in piglets even when they are fed low energy diets. Moreover, this could reduce production costs. ABSTRACT 8 (4 4 females distribution adequate (adequate 320609 3206 09 3206.0 300545 3005 45 3005.4 kg1 kg 1 kg-1 0 ( 5 ton1. ton1 ton . ton-1) diets Thus Moreover costs 32060 320 3206. 30054 300 3005. kg- ton-1 32 30 ton- 3

ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphometric parameters and the mass of adipose tissues of rats fed with cactacea flour. The animals were divided into five groups: C (Control), H (Hypercaloric diet), HP (Hypercaloric diet with 5% Pereskia grandifolia flour), HO (Hypercaloric diet with 5% Opuntia ficus-indica flour), and HA (Hypercaloric diet with 5% Agave tequilana flour). Feed intake and apparent digestibility, capillary glycemia, liver weight and Hepato-Somatic Index were evaluated. Adipose tissue mass and the Visceral Fat Index (VFI) and Epididymal Fat Index (EFI) were determined. The data were compared using the Tukey test at 5% significance level. There was no statistical difference between the groups for body weight, BMI and Lee Index. The HP and HA groups did not differ from the C group regarding weight gain, the C group had lower apparent digestibility of the diets, the HA group presented lower blood glucose when compared to the H and HO groups, and the H group had higher liver weight. The HP and HA groups gained the lowest adipose tissue mass, VFI and EFI than the H and HO groups. Among the cactaceae studied, Pereskia grandifolia showed better effects on morphometric and adipose tissue parameters. ABSTRACT flour Control, Control , (Control) Hypercaloric diet, diet) 5 flour, flour) ficusindica ficus indica . glycemia HepatoSomatic Hepato Somatic evaluated (VFI (EFI determined level gain diets studied (Control

ABSTRACT. The objective of this work is to identify which carcass and cut characteristics have the best discriminatory power, between sexes and slaughter weights, through discriminant analysis. Were used 32 goats, with initial average weights of 3.11 kg for males and 3.06 kg, for females, for animals slaughtered at 70 days; 3.65 kg for males and 3.25 kg for females for animals slaughtered at 100 days of weight. Objective assessments consisted of morphometric measurements: external carcass length (ECL); internal carcass length (ICL); leg length (LEL); chest width (CHW); croup width (CRW); thigh perimeter (THP); croup perimeter (CRP); chest perimeter (CHP); chest depth (CHD); internal chest depth (ICD) using the hypsometer and flexible tape (Truper®). In the total of 18 primary variables evaluated, the following variables were included in the discriminant model, using the stepwise method: empty body weight, chest depth, chest width, thigh circumference, neck, loin, leg length, and rump width. The discriminant analysis was efficient to discriminate and identify the carcass and cut characteristics with better discriminatory power between the sex and slaughter weight of the animals. ABSTRACT 3 goats 311 11 3.1 306 06 3.0 7 365 65 3.6 325 25 3.2 10 measurements ECL (ECL) ICL (ICL) LEL (LEL) CHW (CHW) CRW (CRW) THP (THP) CRP (CRP) CHP (CHP) CHD (CHD) ICD (ICD Truper®. Truper Truper® . (Truper®) 1 evaluated model method circumference neck loin 31 3. 30 0 36 6 2 (ECL (ICL (LEL (CHW (CRW (THP (CRP (CHP (CHD (Truper® (Truper

ABSTRACT. An experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of in ovo feeding of black cumin extract (BC) on the intestinal morphology and physiological responses of broilers thermally challenged during incubation. The study involved the use of seven hundred Marshall broiler hatching eggs, which were assigned to 7 in ovo feeding treatments at embryonic day 17.5, as follows: eggs injected with 8 mg (EN), 6 mg (SN), 4 mg (FN), 2 mg (TN)BC, no in ovo feeding (NI), 0.9 % saline solution (SS), and 3 mg vitamin C (VC). Juvenile growth performance, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), triiodothyronine (T3), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and haematological and serum biochemical indices were evaluated. The results revealed that the juvenile growth performance of SN birds was better than those of the NI, SS, FN and TN groups. The plasma SOD and T3 of the birds of SN and VC were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the chickens of NI and SS treatments. The ileal crypt depth recorded in SN birds was lower (p < 0.05) compared to SS and NI values. To conclude, in ovo black cumin extract enhanced the gut health and lymphoid organs of broiler chickens with no pronounced effect on the thermotolerance of the birds at market age. ABSTRACT BC (BC incubation 175 17 5 17.5 follows EN, EN , (EN) SN, (SN) FN, (FN) TNBC, TNBC BC, (TN)BC (NI) 09 0 9 0. (SS) VC. . (VC) MDA, MDA (MDA) T3, T (T3) SOD, (SOD) evaluated groups p 0.05 005 05 values conclude age 1 17. (EN (SN (FN (NI (SS (VC (MDA (T3 (SOD 0.0 00 (T

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to evaluate the nutrient intake, milk production, and production costs of dairy goats fed diets containing the rations with cactus cladodes (Opuntia stricta or Nopalea cochenillifera) associated with silage (Sorghum bicolor) or Tifton hay (Cynodon spp). Twelve pluriparous Saanen and Anglo Nubiana goats (42.25 ± 5.48 kg) at eight weeks of lactation were used. Treatments lasted 60 days, consisting of four periods of 15 days, distributed in three Latin square (4×4) with four diets. The treatments represented by diets with different associated feed: SSOP (Sorghum Silage + Opuntia); THOP (Tifton hay + Opuntia); SSNO (Sorghum Silage + Nopalea); and THNO (Tifton hay + Nopalea), in addition to concentrate in all diets. There were differences (p < 0.05) for the intakes of DM, OM, with higher values observed for goats fed the diets THNO, THOP, and SSNO, and for CP, NDF and ADF were higher for THNO and SSNO diets. Similar behavior occurred for voluntary and total water intake. The milk production and feed efficiency did not differ (p > 0.05). Costs with food, milk revenue, and gross revenue were not influenced by diets (p > 0.05). The Opuntia or Nopalea cactus cladodes genotypes associated with sorghum silage or tifton hay can be used to feed dairy goats in the semiarid region. ABSTRACT intake cochenillifera Sorghum bicolor Cynodon spp. spp . spp) 42.25 4225 42 25 (42.2 548 5 48 5.4 kg 6 days 1 4×4 44 4 (4×4 Opuntia) Nopalea) Nopalea, , p 0.05 005 0 05 DM OM CP 0.05. food region 42.2 422 2 (42. 54 5. 4× (4× 0.0 00 42. (42 (4 0. (

ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of longer cutting intervals on morphogenetic and structural traits, herbage production, nutritional value, and in vitro digestibility of Guinea grass cv. Mombaça (Mombaça grass). Four cutting intervals (49, 63, 77, and 91 days) were evaluated in two crop years (2015-2016 and 2016-2017) during the rainy season, in two replicates. Cutting intervals influenced structural and morphogenetic traits, except for number of live leaves (4.35 leaves tiller-1) and final leaf length (72.94 cm) in the 2015-2016 crop year. As the cutting intervals increased, dry matter yield and stem percentage increased, whereas leaf percentage and leaf-to-stem ratio declined. Regardless of the evaluated crop year, the dry matter, acid detergent fiber, and lignin contents increased linearly; however, the neutral detergent fiber content was unaffected. Cutting intervals affected the crude protein content and in vitro digestibility. Considering leaf appearance rate, stem appearance rate, and leaf-to-stem ratio, the recommended harvest age for Mombaça grass for optimum yield and nutritional value is 77 days. ABSTRACT traits production cv grass. . grass) 49, 49 (49 63 9 days 20152016 2015 2016 (2015-201 20162017 2017 2016-2017 season replicates 4.35 435 4 35 (4.3 tiller1 tiller 1 tiller-1 72.94 7294 72 94 (72.9 cm 2015-201 year leaftostem declined linearly however unaffected rate 7 (4 6 2015201 201 (2015-20 2016201 2016-201 4.3 43 3 (4. tiller- 72.9 729 (72. 2015-20 ( 201520 20 (2015-2 201620 2016-20 4. 72. (72 2015-2 20152 2 (2015- 20162 2016-2 (7 2015- (2015 2016- (201 (20 (2

ABSTRACT. Ticks are obligate ectoparasite arthropods of the class Arachnida distributed worldwide and can parasitize many animals. They constitute one of the most important groups of vectors of infectious diseases, including zoonoses. The objective of this study was to report the parasitism by Amblyomma ovale Koch, 1844 in a domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus, 1758) in Santa Maria, in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Two specimens of ectoparasites found on a domestic dog, living in a rural property, were sent to the Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology at the Federal University of Santa Maria for taxonomic identification. The two specimens found were classified as adult male and female of A. ovale. Through this study, the parasitism of this species is reported for the first time in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in a domestic dog, allowing the infestation and transmission of diseases to humans. ABSTRACT animals zoonoses Koch 184 Canis Linnaeus 1758 Sul Brazil property identification A humans 18 175 1 17

ABSTRACT. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance and physiological responses of juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed diets containing pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense, Camb). A total of 240 juveniles were observed, with an average weight of 17.91±4.87g, distributed in 20 boxes with a capacity of 500 liters each, in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications, containing 12 fish per replication. Five isoprotein diets (41% of crude protein) containing increasing levels of pequi oil (0.5, 1.5, 2.0, 3.8 and 5.5%) were assessed. The animals were kept in a water recirculation system, equipped with a filter, forced aeration, and a 12-hour photoperiod. To evaluate the performance, survival rate, weight gain, feed conversion, specific growth rate, protein efficiency rate, hepatosomatic index, and digestive-somatic index were analyzed. For physiological responses, hematological parameters and indexes, and differential leukocyte counts were determined. The concentration of serum protein, albumin, and globulin was also determined at the end of a 60-day period. There was no effect of the inclusion of pequi oil on weight gain, feed conversion, and protein efficiency rate (p ˃ 0.05). The specific growth rate was significantly different (p ˂ 0.05) with the reduction of treatments. An increase in the hepatosomatic index was observed in the treatments, with significant differences (p ˂ 0.05) and a linear increase, resulting in evidence of a lack of essential fatty acids. Hematocrit values showed no differences, but discrepancies were observed (p ˂ 0.05) for the number of erythrocytes, which, however, remained within the reference values for the species. The hematometric ratios also showed differences between treatments (p ˂ 0.05), remaining within the reference values, not characterizing an anemic condition in the animals. The increase in serum protein levels suggests that pequi oil starts to act as an immunostimulant. However, the use of pequi oil in juvenile tambaqui was not able to guarantee an efficient growth rate. ABSTRACT Colossoma macropomum Caryocar brasiliense Camb. Camb . Camb) 24 1791487g g 17 91 4 87g 17.91±4.87g 2 50 each replications 1 replication 41% 41 (41 0.5, 05 0 5 (0.5 15 1.5 2.0 38 3 8 3. 5.5% 55 assessed system filter aeration 12hour hour photoperiod gain conversion digestivesomatic digestive somatic analyzed indexes albumin 60day day 60 period p 0.05. 005 0.05 acids erythrocytes which however species 0.05, , immunostimulant However 9 (4 0.5 (0. 1. 2. 5.5 6 00 0.0 ( 0. (0 5.

ABSTRACT. The present study evaluated the effects of dietary inclusion of spirulina on productive performance, nutrient utilization, and egg quality of Japanese quails. One hundred twenty quails were included in a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replicates. Treatments consisted of a control diet and three diets containing 0.3, 0.6, or 0.9% of spirulina powder. Spirulina inclusion had no effect (p > 0.05) on the productive performance, digestibility coefficients of dry matter and ether extract, calcium and phosphorus retention, weight and pH of the eggs, yolk index, albumen quality, and eggshell thickness when compared with the control diet. However, crude protein consumption was higher (p < 0.05) and the digestibility coefficient of crude protein was lower (p < 0.05) in birds in the 0.9% and 0.3% spirulina inclusion groups, respectively. The weights of the yolk and eggshell were improved (p < 0.007) by the inclusion of 0.6% and 0.9% and 0.9% spirulina, respectively. Quails fed diets containing 0.3% and 0.6% spirulina exhibited lower specific gravity of eggs (p < 0.019) than those fed diets containing 0.9% spirulina. Therefore, spirulina inclusion at 0.9% improved the eggshell quality and reduced the total lipid levels in the yolks. ABSTRACT performance utilization replicates 03 0 3 0.3 06 6 0.6 09 9 0.9 powder p 0.05 005 05 extract retention index However groups respectively 0.007 0007 007 0.019 0019 019 Therefore yolks 0. 0.0 00 0.00 000 0.01 001 01

ABSTRACT. Food production in a sustainable way is based on the association between animals and vegetables to minimize costs, environmental impact, and the use of insums in the breeding process. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of pumpkin seed flour (Cucurbita pepo L.) in the diet on the performance of early-stage pigs and the reduction of endoparasites in a commercial rearing system. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three treatments and six replicates, and the experimental unit consisted of two animals, totaling 36 animals. The treatments were the basal diet and two levels of inclusion of pumpkin seed: 5 and 10%. The animals were of the Agroceres line, with 42 days of age and an average weight of 12 kg. The animals and rations were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the 35-day experimental period to obtain the performance variables. A bromatological analysis was performed to evaluate the composition of pumpkin seed and for parasitic analysis, feces were collected individually from the animal. There was no significant effect for the Tukey test at the level of 5% probability, of the inclusion of pumpkin seed flour on in the parameters of weight gain and feed conversion. Was observed the reduction of helminth eggs present in feces using egg count and oocysts per gram of feces (OPG), performed at the beginning and end of the experiment. It is indicated the inclusion of 10% of pumpkin flour in the feeding of pigs in the initial phase by reducing contamination by verminosis and does not alter animal performance. ABSTRACT costs impact process Cucurbita L. L earlystage early stage system randomized replicates 3 10 line 4 1 kg 35day day 35 variables probability conversion OPG, OPG , (OPG) experiment (OPG

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of palm kernel cake and ram effect on reproductive activity of postpartum and lactating ewes. Twenty multiparous ewes, five to eleven days postpartum, were separated into four different treatments: control, control-ram, palm and palm-ram. Body weight, difference in body weight recorded between days 0 and 42 of the experiment, diameter of the largest follicle at day zero of the study, number of ewes bearing a corpus luteum and pregnancy rate were measured in ewes. Average daily weight gain was measured in lambs. There was no effect (p ≥ 0.05) of palm kernel supplementation, ram stimulation, or their interactions on the weights of ewes and lambs. A greater number of ewes with corpus luteum (p < 0.05) were observed in ewes stimulated by rams than those not stimulated. The number of pregnant ewes was not affected by ram effect or palm kernel supplementation (p ≥ 0.05). In conclusion, the use of the ram effect increases the incidence of corpus luteum in postpartum and lactating ewes. In addition, palm kernel cake in the diet does not affect body weight of postpartum ewes and lambs. ABSTRACT treatments control controlram, controlram ram, control-ram palmram. palmram ram. palm-ram 4 experiment lambs p 0.05 005 05 stimulation 0.05. . conclusion addition 0.0 00 0.

ABSTRACT. The objective was to identify sets of relevant atributes for pricing Mangalarga Marchador horses at auctions and to estimate a hedonic pricing function. We analyzed 452 horses at 20 auctions. The studied variables were characteristics intrinsic to the animals and attributes that influence sale price, which were identified through generalized linear and logistic model analysis. For each additional prize and additional bid, the prices decreased by R$ 2110.00 and R$ 549.00 respectively. The individual’s maternal grandsire positively or negatively affected prices, from R$ - 86.70 to R$ + 35.50. Non-pregnant females were penalized in price by R$ 110.00 compared to non-castrated males. A bay coat added R$ 215.00 to prices when compared to chestnut animals. Online auctions added R$ 20.10 to prices and virtual auctions penalized prices by R$ 617.00. The gray coat devalues a sale by 48% and Seller 3 decreasing by 18%. We conclude that auction type, number of prizes, share sold, animal category, coat, seller, number of bids, and maternal grandsire influenced the prices of Mangalarga Marchador horses, and that coat and seller that influenced the probability of the animal being sold. ABSTRACT function 45 2 analysis bid R 211000 2110 00 2110.0 54900 549 549.0 respectively individuals individual s 8670 86 70 86.7 3550 35 50 35.50 Nonpregnant Non pregnant 11000 110 110.0 noncastrated non castrated males 21500 215 215.0 2010 10 20.1 61700 617 617.00 48 18 18% type prizes sold category bids 4 21100 211 0 2110. 5490 54 549. 867 8 7 86. 355 5 35.5 1100 11 110. 2150 21 215. 201 1 20. 6170 61 617.0 35. 6 617.

ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of intratesticular injection (ITI) of sodium chloride (NaCl) at two different concentrations for supressing reproductive development in goat kids at two months of age. The experiment was carried out at the experimental unit of Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Çine Vocational School, located in Çine, Aydın, Turkey. The experimental groups were control (C, n = 9), a single ITI of 20% NaCl (T1, n = 8) or 40% NaCl (T2, n = 8). The growth, reproductive characteristics, and histological appearance of the testis in the kids were examined up to nine months of age in different periods. The live weights, scrotal circumference, semen and sexual behavior characteristics were not different among groups. The histogical findings were observed in both testes at nine months of age. Greater intensity of destruction was observed in the testes of T1 and T2 kids than that of C kids. High levels of tubular degeneration were detected in testicular tissue samples in T1 and T2 groups. Based on the results, however, it was concluded that neither 20 nor 40% concentrations of NaCl did ensure the castration effect in the goat kids. ABSTRACT (ITI (NaCl University School Turkey C, (C 9, 9 , 9) T1, T (T1 8 40 T2, (T2 8. . growth periods weights circumference results however 2 (T 4

ABSTRACT. Tilapia masculinization can be induced by oral administration of α-methyltestosterone (MT), which is commonly dissolved in ethanol to be added to the feed. However, there are many benefits in using alternative vehicles, such as oil. The incorporation time, vehicles quantity, safety for handlers, fish and the environment are favorable factors. In fry fed for 35 days under temperature control, we found that masculinization rate was similar in both incorporation vehicles of MT (oil or ethanol) in the concentrations studied (30 and 60 mg MT kg-1 feed). In an experiment, using hormone oil dissolution and oral administration at 30 mg MT kg-1 feed, it was observed that the longer the administration time, the lower the coefficient of variation in the masculinization rate. Therefore, administration for 32 days showed the lowest variability in the masculinization rate (99.8 ± 0.5 %), compared to 24 (98.5 ± 3.0 %), 16 (97.0 ± 6.0 %) and 8 (89.0 ± 8.8 %) days. The field experiment confirmed the results obtained in the lab. We concluded that the oil can be used as MT vehicle and we recommend to dispense it at the lowest hormonal concentration (30 mg MT kg-1 feed) for 32 days for tilapia masculinization. ABSTRACT αmethyltestosterone α methyltestosterone MT, , (MT) feed However time quantity handlers factors 3 control (3 6 kg1 kg 1 kg- . Therefore 99.8 998 99 (99. 05 0 5 0. %, % 2 98.5 985 98 (98. 3. 97.0 970 97 (97. 6. 89.0 890 89 (89. 88 8. lab (MT ( 99. 9 (99 98. (98 97. (97 89. (89 (9 (8