Abstract This review article emphasizes the importance of specific evaluation and management for adenocarcinoma-type colorectal cancer (CRC), a disease prone to local recurrence and systemic metastasis. It highlights the need for a distinctive approach compared to colon cancer. Improved local staging, facilitated by the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as more precise and effective treatments, have achieved a significant reduction in the mortality rate in adults over 50 years of age over the last few decades. MRI plays a vital role in the evaluation before and after treatment, being essential for the multidisciplinary team to personalize the most appropriate treatment option, thus highlighting the central importance of the radiologist. In primary staging, MRI allows evaluating tumor height in the rectum, T and N categories, detecting prognostic elements such as extramural vascular invasion and mucinous differentiation, and evaluating the involvement of the sphincter apparatus and other local organs and structures. During restaging, MRI evaluation has demonstrated significant prognostic value and is effective in selecting patients for an active follow-up strategy (watch and wait).

Resumen Este artículo de revisión resalta la importancia de realizar una evaluación y manejo específicos para el cáncer de recto de tipo adenocarcinoma (CRC), una enfermedad que tiende a la recurrencia local y la metástasis sistémica. Se destaca la necesidad de un enfoque distintivo en comparación con el cáncer de colon. Una mejor estadificación local, facilitada por el uso de resonancia magnética (RM), así como tratamientos más precisos y eficaces, han logrado una disminución significativa en la tasa de mortalidad en adultos mayores de 50 años a lo largo de las últimas décadas. La RM desempeña un papel esencial en la evaluación antes y después del tratamiento, siendo fundamental para que el equipo multidisciplinario pueda personalizar la opción de tratamiento más adecuada, resaltando así la importancia central del radiólogo. En la etapificación primaria, la RM permite evaluar la altura tumoral en el recto, categoría T y N, detectar elementos pronósticos como invasión vascular extramural y diferenciación mucinosa, y evaluar el compromiso del aparato esfinteriano y de otros órganos y estructuras locales. Durante la reetapificación, la evaluación mediante RM ha demostrado gran valor pronóstico y ser eficaz en la selección de pacientes para estrategia de seguimiento activo (watch and wait).

Antibiotic resistance is a global threat, with a disproportionate burden of mortality in low- and middle-income countries. It is increasing in both the public and private healthcare sectors within South Africa, especially in Gram-negative organisms, and is associated with increased use of World Health Organization watch and reserve antibiotics. There is a need for improved access to new antibiotics to treat infections caused by drug-resistant organisms in order to limit side-effects and improve patient outcomes of currently available antibiotics. We propose the responsible introduction of these new antibiotics with both administrative and clinical oversight in order to preserve the longevity of these precious antibiotics.

BACKGROUND. Various mechanisms may contribute to and direct the progression of antibiotic resistance. A prominent driver associated with antibiotic resistance is inappropriate use or consumption. The sudden emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 ) changed the conventional practices related to antibiotic utilisation through repurposing the use of antibiotics. Apart from the implementation of antibiotic stewardship programmes, the pressure COVID-19 placed on healthcare systems resulted in poor prescribing and medication review practices, potentially exacerbating antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, the public health system has issues that make it difficult to routinely monitor, quantify antibiotic consumption, and offer evaluation, feedback and intervention, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as South Africa (SA). Therefore, this study aimed to determine antibiotic utilisation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a Gauteng provincial tertiary hospital (GPTH) in SA. OBJECTIVE. To determine, examine, and compare antibiotic consumption among intensive care unit (ICU) patients admitted to a GPTH during the pre-COVID-19 period and during the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to determining the prevalence of the World Health Organisation (WHO) 'watch' category antibiotics before and following the emergence of COVID-19. METHODS. A retrospective cross-sectional data analysis was undertaken of 335 medical files of ICU patients hospitalised in a GPTH between January 2017 and December 2021. Descriptive statistics were used to examine patient characteristics and antibiotic prescribing variables (antibiotic selection, dosage, route of administration, frequency, duration of course and indication for which antibiotic was prescribed). RESULTS. The study found that the most frequently prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin in combination with clavulanate (pre-pandemic 31.99%; amid-COVID-19 38.43%), followed by ceftriaxone (pre-pandemic 15.44%; amid-COVID-19 14.55%), piperacillin in combination with tazobactam (pre-pandemic 11.40%; amid-COVID-19 8.58%) and azithromycin (pre-pandemic 7.725%; amid-COVID-19 19.78%). CONCLUSION. The macrolide and penicillin (in combination with a beta-lactamase inhibitor) classes demonstrated an increase in consumption from the pre-pandemic period moving into the COVID-19 pandemic. This highlights the need for improved antibiotic stewardship programmes and policies to combat inappropriate and unnecessary antibiotic usage.

The standardisation process of a language is always a polemic undertaking, and Tshivenda is no exception. This article explores the Tshivenda dialects and the standardisation process that this language went through. The importance of language as a primary resource for an individual, social identification, and also as a means of learning and communication, cannot be overemphasised. Moreover, when different language varieties come into contact, acculturation is inevitable, i.e., linguistic and cultural elements from both sides will diffuse and "contaminate" each other's languages and culture. However, this phenomenon is not fully researched, especially among the Tshivenda dialects. The lexicographers and terminographers, who are tasked with the development and maintenance of the Tshivenda language, seem to be "trapped" in the colonial and apartheid era, i.e., of selecting and elevating one dialect over others to represent a language. Since 1994, the year of the dawn of a democratic dispensation in South Africa, this process has proceeded at a snail's pace. In this study, a qualitative, ethnographic approach was adopted, and data were collected through telephonic interviews, where six participants were purposefully and conveniently sampled. The findings of this study may benefit speakers of Tshivenda, lexicographers, terminographers, and all language practitioners, teachers, and learners. When people value their language and heritage, use it often without prejudice or hesitancy, and practice their culture and traditions, their identity, history, dignity, and heritage become preserved. Tshivenda, at the official level, may have many lexical items in its endeavour to carry out its function as an official language in different domains.

Abstract During the last decades, the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an strategic tool for diagnosis, staging and surveillance in patients with rectal cancer. To differentiate patients with locally advanced rectal tumors from those who do not, determinate neoadjuvant therapy or total mesorectal excision, respectively. After neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, those who achieve complete clinical response may be considered for inclusion in an active surveillance scheme known as “watch and wait” (WW). WW strategy consists of three pillars, rectal digital exam, endoscopy and the MRI, and the main purpose is to reach the early detection of tumoral regrowth. Regarding MRI, the high-resolution T2-weighted images in conjunction with DWI, and the ADC map plays a key role in this instance. WW leads to avoid resective surgeries with high morbidity rates. The rectal digital exam and endoscopy are complementaries to MRI, whose main limitation is the detection of lesions with no mucosal involvement. This reason places the MRI as a cornerstone in tumoral regrowth, detecting not only luminal regrowth, but those in which the rectal wall is not involved, and thus, not accessible for the other surveillance methods. To our knowledge, this is the first pictorial essay in which imaging regrowth patterns are described. The purpose of this is to emphasize the MRI protocol study and to describe the different forms of tumoral regrowth in order to reach the early tumoral regrowth detection.

Resumen En las últimas décadas, la resonancia magnética (RM) ha cobrado un rol fundamental en el diagnóstico, la estadificación y el seguimiento de los pacientes con cáncer de recto. En la estadificación inicial, que sean o no tumores localmente avanzados es lo que determina el tratamiento neoadyuvante o quirúrgico, respectivamente. Posterior a la neoadyuvancia, los pacientes que logren una respuesta clínica completa pueden ser considerados para la inclusión dentro de un esquema de vigilancia activa, comúnmente conocido como watch and wait (WW). La estrategia WW se basa en tres pilares, que son el examen digital rectal, la endoscopía y la RM, buscando detectar la presencia temprana de recrecimiento tumoral. En relación a la RM, la secuencia potenciada en T2 de alta resolución, junto con la de difusión (DWI) y el mapa de ADC, son las piezas clave para la detección temprana de recrecimiento. La estrategia de WW lleva a evitar cirugías resectivas con una alta morbilidad y deterioro de la calidad de vida. El examen digital rectal y la endoscopía son métodos de vigilancia complementarios a la RM, con su principal limitación en lesiones sin compromiso mucoso. Esta razón posiciona a la RM como un pilar indispensable para su implementación, detectando no solo áreas de recrecimiento parietal, sino también aquellas extramurales no accesibles por los otros métodos de vigilancia. En nuestro conocimiento, este es el primer ensayo iconográfico que se centra en el análisis estricto del recrecimiento tumoral en pacientes bajo esquema de WW por RM. El objetivo es enfatizar el protocolo de estudio en estos pacientes y mostrar las distintas formas de recrecimiento tumoral con el fin de lograr su detección temprana.

Abstract Introduction After the diagnosis of neoplasm of the middle and distal rectum, patients are often submitted to oncological treatment by neoadjuvant therapy. At the end of this treatment, those patients who show complete clinical response can choose, together with their physician, to adopt the watch-and-wait strategy; although it implies lower morbidity for the patient, this strategy is dependent on strict adherence to treatment follow-up for the early identification of any future local injury. Materials and Methods Survey of data from medical records and description, and discussion of case reports with a literature review in books and databases. Results We report the case of a 73-year-old patient diagnosed with moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the middle rectum, Stage II (cT3bN0M0), who presented complete clinical response after undergoing treatment with neoadjuvant therapy. Together with the assistant team, the watch-and-wait strategy was chosen. During the follow-up, an endoscopic examination showed a vegetating at the proximal limit of the tumor scar. We chose to perform submucosal endoscopic dissection. The report of the anatomopathological examination evidenced a serrated adenoma with narrow margins free of neoplasia. Conclusion Patient adherence to cancer treatment using the watch-and-wait strategy is essential for the early identification of new local lesions. After resection of the lesion identified in the tumor scar site as a neoplasm-free lesion, it is consistent to think that this lesion would be the origin of the neoplasm, given the adenomatous origin. rectum therapy choose physician watchandwait watch wait followup follow up injury description databases 73yearold yearold 73 year old cT3bN0M0, cT3bN0M0 cTbNM , cT bN M (cT3bN0M0) team chosen followup, up, dissection neoplasia lesions neoplasmfree 7 cT3bN0M (cT3bN0M0 (cT3bN0M

BACKGROUND: Lexical properties such as orthographic neighbours have been shown to have an influence on reading and writing; however, this phenomenon is yet to be explored in the Southern Bantu languages. OBJECTIVES: We investigate the role of orthographic neighbourhood density and neighbourhood frequency in reading and spelling in Grade 3 isiXhosa home-language learners. The aim is to establish whether orthographic neighbours facilitate or hinder reading and spelling. The dual-route model of orthographic processing is used to interpret our findings. METHOD: Data were collected from 97 Grade 3 isiXhosa home-language learners. Lexical decision, word reading, and spelling tasks were administered. Tasks included both real and pseudowords varying in orthographic neighbourhood density and neighbourhood frequency, while controlling for word length and word frequency. RESULTS: Findings show a significant inhibitory effect of orthographic neighbourhood frequency and word length for spelling accuracy. Longer words with higher frequency neighbours were more likely to be spelt incorrectly. No effect was recorded for the lexical decision and word reading tasks. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that spelling in isiXhosa relies partially on lexical processing strategies, which allows for the inhibitory effects of orthographic neighbours to be observed. While in reading, sublexical processing is more prominent, therefore mitigating the effect of orthographic neighbours. CONTRIBUTION: Empirical evidence for the effects of orthographic neighbours, specifically in a Southern Bantu language, provides a clearer picture of the underlying cognitive-linguistic processes involved in reading and writing. This evidence may contribute to the development of targeted pedagogical practices to address spelling errors.

BACKGROUND: Although numerous researchers have discovered a negative association between stock-market returns and changes in exchange rates, the literature does not address how external shocks may alter these correlations. AIM: This article investigates the risk synchronisation between stock returns, exchange-rate returns, geopolitical risk (GPR), and global economic policy uncertainty (GEPU) concerning countries within the Southern African Development Community (SADC). SETTING: The SADC countries over the period February 2005-August 2021. METHODS: The wavelet techniques were used to address the study's objectives. RESULTS: The bivariate results show that there was a positive interdependence between the stock market and the currency market in Botswana and Mauritius from 2007 to 2012. In South Africa, there is always significant co-movement between the two markets. The partial wavelet shows that, while both increasing GPR and GEPU influence the correlation between stock returns and exchange-rate returns, GPR has a greater impact than GEPU. Finally, the wavelet multiple correlations analysis reveals that the Botswana exchange-rate reaction to shocks is indeterminate, with the ability to lead or lag in terms of how the SADC economies respond to shocks across all-time scales. CONCLUSION: The findings from the study imply that investors should watch for changes in the GEPU, particularly the GPR, if they are concerned about the stock markets in Botswana, Mauritius, and South Africa. CONTRIBUTION: This is the first study to evaluate the conditional effect of external shocks on the co-movement of currency returns and stock returns in SADC countries using wavelet techniques.

SUMMARY Denosumab is a potent antiresorptive medication, commonly used in the treatment of osteoporosis, as well as in a variety of other diseases. Potential adverse rebound effects after its cessation include a loss in bone mineral density and an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. Hypercalcemia is a less frequently reported rebound phenomenon after denosumab discontinuation, that may pose a diagnostic challenge to physicians as a rare non-parathyroid hormone (PTH) dependent cause of hypercalcemia. In our case, a 47-year-old male presented with rebound hypercalcemia after denosumab cessation during follow-up after surgical treatment for parathyroid carcinoma. This non-PTH-dependent hypercalcemia resolved after re-initiation of denosumab. We performed a systematic literature review on rebound hypercalcemia after denosumab cessation and identified 52 individual patient cases. Children appear to be more prone to developing rebound hypercalcemia, which could be attributed to their higher baseline bone turnover, underlying conditions, or denosumab dosage regimens. In most cases, patients initially presented with acute and often severe symptoms of hypercalcemia that occur from 1.75 to 9 months after denosumab cessation (4 to 9 months in adults). Most effective treatment approaches to sufficiently decrease serum calcium levels were bisphosphonates or re-administration of denosumab. A watch and wait strategy may be sufficient in asymptomatic cases, which are less common and probably underdiagnosed. Subsequent antiresorptive treatment after denosumab cessation, which is a common practice in osteoporosis treatment, may reduce the risk of rebound hypercalcemia. As denosumab is a frequently used drug in patients with advanced malignant diseases and rebound hypercalcemia with low PTH levels may raise the suspicion for skeletal metastases, awareness of this rebound effect may be for particular relevance in such settings. medication fractures discontinuation nonparathyroid non (PTH case 47yearold yearold 47 year old followup follow up carcinoma nonPTHdependent reinitiation re initiation 5 cases turnover conditions regimens 175 1 75 1.7 4 ( adults. adults . adults) readministration administration underdiagnosed metastases settings 17 7 1.

Abstract Introduction: Until today, the fishing effort by foreign fleets in the Costa Rican Pacific has not been analyzed. Objective: To determine the spatial distribution of the fishing effort of those fleets, variables that shape that distribution, and if they interact with management figures and highly fragile ecosystems. Methods: Using fishing effort data from 2012 to 2020, obtained from Global Fishing Watch, an Index of Fishing Effort (IEP) was calculated to apply geospatial and multivariate statistics, as well as multiple regression models. A grid with 55 905 cells of 0.10 degrees was used to apply Hot Spot Analysis, and another grid with 24 176 cell-year-month analysis units of 0.25 degrees was used to apply a Linear Regression Model. Results: The data reveals the fishing activity of international fleets associated with four types of fishing gear, and a wide coverage of a high IEP by two fleets throughout the nine years analyzed. The IEP is primarily associated with location and varies by month and year. There is also relative evidence that its influenced by the concentration of oxygen and nitrates. Conclusions: International fleets come into direct conflict with officially defined zones for national fleets and disrespect protected oceanic areas and a declared non-fishing zone to protect marine resources in the Costa Rican Pacific. Their activities in the Dome may affect a national yellowfin tuna fishery.

Resumen El presente artículo recoge las concepciones construidas a través de las caricaturas periodísticas publicadas en medios de comunicación masivos colombianos, y la manera en la que estudiantes universitarios resignifican o apropian dicho producto comunicativo. Luego de revisar los elementos conceptuales acerca de este producto del género periodístico de opinión en el que se definen sus tipos, categorías, usos, recursos gráficos utilizados y el impacto que tienen en la construcción de realidad, se aplicó una encuesta a ciento cincuenta universitarios, con quienes se analizó la forma de lectura de caricaturas para identificar los cambios de comprensión, estado de ánimo y tipo de recibimiento a la información icónica allí consignada, todo ello a través de un instrumento de medición basado en aspectos de la escala de Likert para que los participantes pudieran calificar un grupo de diez caricaturas publicadas. Se buscó comprender la manera en la que el público objeto resignifica o apropia dicho producto periodístico y el impacto que tiene en la forma de leer los acontecimientos. Se concluye que el género periodístico de opinión y la caricatura -como una de sus expresiones- mantiene una relación estrecha con la forma en la que los universitarios entienden su contexto, pero se confirma la brecha existente entre la información y este grupo etario. Se encontró que los jóvenes que consumen caricaturas las utilizan para reafirmar sus convicciones, pero poco para hacer lecturas de realidad disímiles a las propias.

Resumo Este artigo recolhe as concepções construídas através das caricaturas jornalísticas publicadas nos meios de comunicação colombianos e a forma como os estudantes universitários re-significam ou se apropriam desse produto comunicativo. Após revisar os elementos conceituais sobre ese produto do gênero jornalístico de opinião em que são definidos seus tipos, categorias, usos, recursos gráficos utilizados e o impacto que têm na construção da realidade, foi aplicado um instrumento a 150 estudantes universitários, com os quais analisaram a forma de ler cartuns para identificar mudanças na compreensão, humor e tipo de recepção às informações icónicas ali registradas por meio de um instrumento de medida baseado em aspectos da escala Likert para que os participantes pudessem qualificar um grupo de 10 cartuns publicados em diferentes mídias. Procuramos compreender a forma como o público objeto re-significa ou se apropria do referido produto jornalístico e do impacto que ele tem na forma de ler os acontecimentos. Conclui-se que o gênero jornalístico de opinião e caricatura, como uma de suas expressões, mantém estreita relação com a forma como os universitários compreendem seu contexto, mas confirmase a lacuna existente entre a informação e essa faixa etária. Constatou-se que os jovens que assistem desenhos animados os utilizam para reafirmar suas convicções, mas pouco para fazer leituras da realidade diferentes das suas.

Abstract This article collects the conceptions built through the journalistic caricatures published in Colombian mass media, and the way in which university students re-signify or appropriate said communicative product. After reviewing the conceptual elements about this product of the journalistic genre of opinion in which its types, categories, uses, graphic resources used and the impact they have on the construction of reality are defined, an instrument was applied to 150 university students, with whom the study analyzed the way of reading cartoons to identify changes in understanding, mood, and type of reception to the iconic information recorded there through a measurement instrument based on aspects of the Likert scale so that the participants could qualify a group of 10 cartoons published in different media. We sought to understand the way in which the public object re-signifies or appropriates said journalistic product and the impact it has on the way of reading events. It is concluded that the journalistic genre of opinion and caricature, as one of its expressions, maintains a close relationship with the way in which university students understand their context, but the existing gap between information and this age group is confirmed. It was found that young people who watch cartoons use them to reaffirm their convictions but little to make interpretations of reality that are dissimilar to their own.

Resumo Três pinturas de Caspar David Friedrich sugerem ao autor diferentes comportamentos do ser humano no espaço gerados a partir da relação entre um observador e o objeto observado, relação na qual media um dispositivo que incide nos diferentes comportamentos ou categorias estéticas suscitados. Estas atitudes e sentimentos dos personagens que habitam as três pinturas estão associados aos ambientes específicos nos quais eles se encontram e cujas características favorecem essas reações. Concomitantemente a estas situações propõem-se e descrevem-se brevemente algumas obras de arquitetura que poderiam ser cenário das mesmas circunstancias propostas por Friedrich nas suas pinturas, sem que este paralelismo constitua um universo completo nem estritamente biunívoco. Estas obras que favorecem determinados modos de perceber e reagir ante o percebido é o que neste trabalho denominam-se máquinas para olhar.

Abstract Three paintings by Caspar David Friedrich suggest different behaviors of the human being in space, which are generated from the relationship between an observer and the observed object. This relationship is mediated by a device that influences the different raised behaviors or aesthetic categories. These attitudes and feelings of the characters that inhabit the three paintings are associated with each of their specific environments, whose characteristics favor such reactions. Along with these situations, some architectural works that could be the scenario of the same circumstances posed by Friedrich in his paintings are proposed and briefly described, without considering this parallelism as a complete or strictly biunivocal universe. These works that favor certain ways of perceiving and reacting to what is perceived are here called machines to watch.

Resumen Tres pinturas de Caspar David Friedrich sugieren al autor diferentes comportamientos del ser humano en el espacio generados a partir de la relación entre un observador y el objeto observado, relación en la que media un dispositivo que incide en los distintos comportamientos o categorías estéticas suscitados. Estas actitudes y sentimientos de los personajes que habitan las tres pinturas están asociados a los ambientes específicos en los que se encuentran y cuyas características favorecen esas reacciones. De manera concomitante con estas situaciones, se proponen y describen brevemente algunas obras de arquitectura que podrían ser escenario de las mismas circunstancias planteadas por Friedrich en sus pinturas, sin que este paralelismo constituya un universo completo ni estrictamente biunívoco. Estas obras que favorecen determinados modos de percibir y reaccionar ante lo percibido son lo que en este trabajo se denomina máquinas para mirar.

Abstract The article is a synthesis effort to present a sub-area of sports studies in social sciences in Brazil, called Anthropology of Sportives Practices. It is an expression that articulates the uses of some notions that define the vast field of playful experiences with the contextual production of empirical data. Broad spectrum sociological models that operate notions such as games and sports are put to the test of experiments and extensions of ethnographic models. In this case, the objective is to achieve more discontinuous landscapes in which the meanings of what we define by “to play” and “to watch” - sensitives faculties that orders expressive corporealities - assume a more universal symbolic nexus than properly historical phenomena, such as games, hobbies and sports. The examination of the dialectic between watch and play allows different sportive practices, such as football and a specific Xingu wrestling, analyzed from the point of view of the category “cheers” (fans), to maintain their comparative properties in the difference.

Resumo O artigo é um esforço de síntese para apresentar uma subárea dos estudos sobre esportes nas ciências sociais no Brasil, denominada de Antropologia das Práticas Esportivas. Trata-se de descritor acadêmico que visa articular os usos de algumas noções que definem o vasto campo de experiências lúdicas com a produção contextual de dados empíricos. Modelos sociológicos de amplo espectro, que operam noções como jogo e esporte, são colocados à prova das experimentações etnográficas. Objetiva-se alcançar paisagens mais descontínuas por intermédio da relação entre duas faculdades sensíveis, jogar e olhar, constitutivas de um modelo denominado de modelo das relações. O exame da dialética entre olhar e jogar permite que fenômenos esportivizados distintos, desde a ubíqua prática do futebol a uma determinada luta corporal xinguana, ambas analisadas do ponto de vista da categoria torcer, mantenham as possibilidades analíticas comparativas na diferença.

Resumen El presente volumen, tercera entrega relacionada a lo difuso en las disciplinas del diseño objetual y virtual, plantea una mirada a la vez local y global. Los posibles escenarios inter y multidisciplinarios que han derivado de la formación a la profesionalización del diseño, dan cuenta de una práctica en permanente metamorfosis; atenta a las tendencias, como así también a los (no) materiales y tecnologías, que corren permanentemente los límites impuestos. A su vez, las ramificaciones de posibilidades que el diseño permite -partiendo de su endogamia pero siempre en relación con lo exogámico- demuestran cómo la práctica profesional puede ser inabarcable; esto, desde una perspectiva prospectiva de múltiples posibilidades.

Abstract The present volume, the third installment related to the diffuse in the disciplines of object and virtual design, presents a view that is both local and global. The possible inter and multidisciplinary scenarios that have derived, from training to professionalization, of design account for a practice in permanent metamorphosis; watch out for trends, as well as (non) materials and technologies, which are constantly running the imposed limits. In turn, the ramifications of possibilities that the design allows -based on its inbreeding but always in relation with the exogamous- demonstrate how professional practice can be endless; this, from a prospective perspective of multiple possibilities.

Resumo O presente volume, a terceira parcela relacionada à difusão nas disciplinas de objeto e design virtual, apresenta uma visão local e global. Os possíveis cenários inter e multidisciplinares que derivaram, do treinamento à profissionalização, do design são responsáveis por uma prática em metamorfose permanente; atente para as tendências, bem como para os (não) materiais e tecnologias, que estão constantemente executando os limites impostos. Por sua vez, as ramificações de possibilidades que o projeto permite -com base em sua consanguinidade, mas sempre em relação com o exogâmico- demonstram como a prática profissional pode ser infinita; isso, de uma perspectiva prospectiva de múltiplas possibilidades.

Abstract: The popularization of streaming platforms favors other ways of consuming audiovisual content, such as the marathon of TV series (binge-watching). This practice was explored among 457 young Mexican university students between 18 and 25 years old, to ascertain the factors that motivate it, as well as their perceptions on the possible effects on their well-being and academic performance. The project approach is mixed. Initially, there were six discussion groups, with a total of 30 participants, followed by an online survey. It was found that participants watch on mobile devices, prefer to watch on weekends and holidays, whenever they “have time”, or at night. Ideally, they watch marathons alone but sometimes they do it with family, friends, or romantic partners, either in person or remotely. The reasons are relaxing, socializing, and learning new things. They also conceive it as an escape to face difficult emotional situations, such as those experienced during the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were aware of the potential physical effects of marathon watching, but only a minority reported experiencing them. The effects of bingewatching on their academic life are perceived as limited, since they keep the practice under control, with some eventual oversight.

Resumen: La popularización de las plataformas de streaming favorece otras maneras de consumir contenidos audiovisuales, como el maratón de series televisivas (binge-watching). Se exploró esta práctica entre 457 jóvenes universitarios mexicanos entre 18 y 25 años de edad para aclarar los factores que la motivan, así como sus percepciones sobre los posibles efectos en su bienestar y desempeño académico. El enfoque del proyecto es mixto. Se realizaron seis grupos de discusión iniciales, con 30 participantes en total, y una encuesta en línea posterior. Se halló que los participantes miran en dispositivos móviles, prefieren ver durante los fines de semana y vacaciones, cuando “tienen tiempo”, o por la noche. Idealmente, miran los maratones a solas, pero en ocasiones lo hacen con familiares, amigos o parejas sentimentales, ya sea de manera presencial o remota. Los motivos son relajarse, socializar y aprender cosas nuevas. También lo conciben como un escape para afrontar situaciones emocionales difíciles, como las vividas durante el confinamiento causado por la pandemia por COVID-19. Los participantes se mostraron conscientes de los posibles efectos físicos de ver maratones, pero solo una minoría indicó haberlos experimentado. Los efectos del binge-watching en su vida académica son percibidos como limitados, pues mantienen la práctica bajo control, con algún eventual descuido.

Resumo: A popularização das plataformas de streaming favorece outras formas de consumo de conteúdo audiovisual, como a maratona de sérias televisivas (binge-watching). Esta prática foi explorada entre 457 jovens universitários mexicanos entre 18 e 25 anos para esclarecer os fatores que a motivam, bem como suas percepções sobre os possíveis efeitos em seu bem-estar e desempenho acadêmico. A abordagem do projeto é mista. Foram realizados seis grupos de discussão iniciais, com 30 participantes no total, e uma pesquisa online posterior. Verificou-se que os participantes que assistem em dispositivos móveis, preferem fazê-lo nos finais de semana e feriados, sempre que “têm tempo” ou à noite. Idealmente, eles assistem as maratonas sozinhos, mas às vezes o fazem com familiares, amigos ou parceiros românticos, de forma presencial ou remota. As razões são para relaxar, socializar e aprender coisas novas. Eles também o concebem como uma saída para enfrentar situações emocionais difíceis, como as vivenciadas durante o confinamento causado pela pandemia do COVID-19. Os participantes estavam cientes dos possíveis efeitos físicos do binge-watching, mas apenas uma minoria relatou experimentá-los. Os efeitos do binge-watching em sua vida acadêmica são percebidos como limitados, pois mantêm a prática sob controle, com algum eventual descuido.