Résumé Ce commentaire critique la reproduction de la croyance erronée selon laquelle l’économie mainstream est identique à l’économie néoclassique et celle-ci, à son tour, est identique à l’économie (néo)libérale. Le rejet de ces égalités complique les relations entre l’économie mainstream, orthodoxe et hétérodoxe. Le commentaire soutient également que le cas du Brésil diffère de celui des États-Unis, car plusieurs idées économiques marginalisées aux États-Unis jouissent de prestige et d’influence dans le milieu académique brésilien, ce qui rend le concept même d’économie mainstream plus ambigu. Tout cela implique plusieurs divergences par rapport à l’article récent de Francisco Marques (2024). D’autres différences sont soulignées en ce qui concerne l’utilisation des mathématiques, de la statistique et de l’économétrie, ainsi que l’interdisciplinarité. Le résultat est une vision plus complexe de l’académie économique aux États-Unis et surtout au Brésil. Le commentaire identifie également et corrige les principales distorsions dans la traduction que Marques fait d’un passage relativement long de Dequech (2018). léconomie l économie celleci, celleci celle ci, ci celle-ci tour néolibérale. néolibérale néo libérale. libérale (néo)libérale hétérodoxe ÉtatsUnis, ÉtatsUnis États Unis, Unis dinfluence d influence brésilien déconomie ambigu larticle article 2024. 2024 . (2024) Dautres D autres lutilisation utilisation mathématiques léconométrie, léconométrie économétrie, économétrie l’économétrie linterdisciplinarité. linterdisciplinarité interdisciplinarité. interdisciplinarité l’interdisciplinarité lacadémie académie dun un 2018. 2018 (2018) 202 (2024 201 (2018 20 (202 (201 2 (20 (2 (

Abstract This comment criticizes the reproduction of the mistaken belief that mainstream economics is equal to neoclassical economics and that the latter, in turn, is equal to (neo)liberal economics. The rejection of those equalities turns the relations among mainstream, orthodox and heterodox economics more difficult. The comment also claims that the Brazilian case is different from the American one, since several economic ideas marginalized in the United States have both prestige and influence in the Brazilian academy, which makes the concept of mainstream economics itself more ambiguous. All that implies many divergences regarding the recent article by Francisco Marques (2024). Other differences are pointed out regarding the use of math, statistics and econometry, as well as interdisciplinarity. The result is a more complex view of the economics academy in the United States and mainly in Brazil. The comment also identifies and corrects the main distortions in the translation that Marques made of a relatively long excerpt of Dequech (2018). latter turn neoliberal neo liberal difficult one ambiguous 2024. 2024 . (2024) math econometry interdisciplinarity Brazil 2018. 2018 (2018) 202 (2024 201 (2018 20 (202 (201 2 (20 (2 (

Resumen Este comentario critica la reproducción de la creencia errónea de que la economía mainstream es igual a la economía neoclásica y que la economía neoclásica es igual a la economía (neo)liberal. El rechazo de estas igualdades complica las relaciones entre la economía mainstream, ortodoxa y heterodoxa. El comentario también argumenta que el caso de Brasil es diferente al de EE.UU., ya que varias ideas económicas marginadas en EE.UU. tienen prestigio e influencia en el mundo académico brasileño, lo que hace que el propio concepto de economía mainstream sea más ambiguo. Todo ello implica varias divergencias con respecto al reciente artículo de Francisco Marques (2024). Otras diferencias son señaladas acerca del uso de las matemáticas, la estadística y la econometría, así como de la interdisciplinaridad. El resultado es una visión más compleja del mundo académico económico en Estados Unidos y, sobre todo, en Brasil. El comentario también identifica y corrige las principales distorsiones en la traducción de Marques de un extracto relativamente largo de Dequech (2018). neoliberal. neoliberal neo liberal. liberal (neo)liberal heterodoxa EEUU EE UU EE.UU brasileño ambiguo 2024. 2024 . (2024) matemáticas econometría interdisciplinaridad todo 2018. 2018 (2018) 202 (2024 201 (2018 20 (202 (201 2 (20 (2 (

Resumo Este comentário critica a reprodução da crença equivocada de que a economia mainstream é igual à economia neoclássica e de que esta, por sua vez, é igual à economia (neo)liberal. A rejeição dessas igualdades complica as relações entre economia mainstream, ortodoxa e heterodoxa. O comentário argumenta também que o caso do Brasil é diferente do americano, pois várias ideias econômicas que são marginalizadas nos Estados Unidos têm prestígio e influência na academia brasileira, o que torna o próprio conceito de economia mainstream mais ambíguo. Tudo isso implica várias divergências em relação ao artigo recente de Francisco Marques (2024). Outras diferenças são apontadas no que se refere ao uso de matemática, estatística e econometria e à interdisciplinaridade. O resultado é uma visão mais complexa da academia de economia nos Estados Unidos e sobretudo no Brasil. O comentário também identifica e corrige as principais distorções na tradução que Marques faz de um trecho relativamente longo de Dequech (2018). esta vez neoliberal. neoliberal neo liberal. liberal (neo)liberal heterodoxa americano brasileira ambíguo 2024. 2024 . (2024) matemática interdisciplinaridade 2018. 2018 (2018) 202 (2024 201 (2018 20 (202 (201 2 (20 (2 (

ABSTRACT Purpose: This prospective, randomized, unmasked, clinical trial aimed to report the visual outcomes of cataract surgery on both eyes versus cataract surgery on one eye in Brazilian patients. Methods: This study included patients with bilateral cataracts and binocular visual acuity worse than or equal to 0.3 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution. The patients were randomly assigned to undergo surgery on one (Control Group) or both eyes (one eye at a time; Intervention Group). Postoperatively, self-reported visual function using Catquest-9SF (primary outcome measure), binocular visual acuity, stereopsis, and ocular dominance (secondary outcome measures) were compared. Results: A total of 151 patients (77 and 148 eyes in the Control and Intervention Groups, respectively) completed the follow-up. Patients who underwent surgery on both eyes exhibited significantly better self-reported visual function (p=0.036) and stereopsis (p=0.026) than those who underwent surgery on one eye. Binocular visual acuity and ocular dominance did not affect the group comparisons. Conclusions: Surgery on both eyes resulted in significantly better self-reported visual function and stereopsis than surgery on one eye. Purpose prospective randomized unmasked Methods 03 0 3 0. resolution Group time Group. . Postoperatively selfreported self reported Catquest9SF CatquestSF Catquest 9SF SF primary measure, measure , measure) secondary measures compared Results 15 77 (7 14 Groups respectively followup. followup follow up. up follow-up p=0.036 p0036 p 036 (p=0.036 p=0.026 p0026 026 (p=0.026 comparisons Conclusions 1 7 ( p=0.03 p003 (p=0.03 p=0.02 p002 02 (p=0.02 p=0.0 p00 (p=0.0 p=0. p0 (p=0. p=0 (p=0 p= (p= (p

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the morphometric and volumetric dimensions of the lacrimal gland in patients with inactive thyroid eye disease and compare them with the values reported in the literature. Methods: This case series evaluated consecutive patients with inactive thyroid eye disease treated at a tertiary eye hospital from 2015 to 2020. The patients’ baseline demographics and clinical characteristics were obtained. The axial and coronal length, width, and volume of the lacrimal gland were measured on computed tomography scan images, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 21 patients (42 orbits) with inactive thyroid eye disease were evaluated. Their mean age was 49.0 ± 14.6 years, and 12 (57.1%) of them were men. The main complaint was dryness, and the majority of the patients had good vision and mild proptosis. The mean axial length and width of the lacrimal gland were 19.3 ± 3.9 mm and 7.5 ± 2.1 mm, respectively; coronal length and width, 20.4 ± 4.5 mm and 7.5 ± 2.1 mm, respectively; and lacrimal gland volume, 0.825 ± 0.326 mm3. Age, sex, or laterality were not found to be determinants of lacrimal gland enlargement. Conclusion: Patients with thyroid eye disease have enlarged lacrimal gland even in the nonactive phase of the disease multifactorial aspects influence the lacrimal gland in thyroid eye disease, making it difficult to establish a clear correlation with predisposing factors. Further studies are warranted to better understand the association between thyroid eye disease and the lacrimal gland. Purpose literature Methods 201 2020 obtained images analyzed Results 2 42 (4 orbits 490 49 0 49. 146 14 6 14. years 1 57.1% 571 57 (57.1% men dryness proptosis 193 19 3 19. 39 9 3. 75 7 5 7. 2. respectively 204 20 4 20. 45 4. 0825 825 0.82 0326 326 0.32 mm3 Age sex enlargement Conclusion factors 202 ( 57.1 (57.1 082 82 0.8 032 32 0.3 57. (57. 08 8 0. 03 (57 (5

ABSTRACT We present the case of a 37-year-old woman who underwent bilateral penetrating keratoplasty for congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy at the age of 10 years. Over the subsequent 27 years, the patient’s vision slowly deteriorated. Our examination revealed decompensation of the right corneal graft. We addressed this with regraft surgery. We then learned that the patient had been suffering from progressive hearing loss since adolescence. Tonal audiometry revealed hearing per ceptive deafness of 25 dB, which was more prominent in the left ear. Because the patterns of progressive sensorineural hearing loss and congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy have both been linked to the same gene, slc4a11, we tested our patient for mutations in this gene. The test was positive for a heterozygous slc4a11 gene fifth exon mutation on chromosome 20p13-p12, which causes a frameshift. A combined clinical and genetic evaluation confirmed a diagnosis of Harboyan syndrome. After the genetic diagnosis of the disease, she was evaluated for the need for a hearing aid due to her hearing loss. The patient was also informed about genetic counseling. 37yearold yearold 37 year old 1 years 2 patients s deteriorated graft surgery adolescence dB ear slca slc slc4a1 20p13p12, 20p13p12 pp 20p13 p12, p12 p 20p13-p12 frameshift syndrome disease counseling 3 slc4a 20p13p1 20p1 p1 20p13-p1 20p13p 20p 20p13-p

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to assess grating visual acuity and functional vision in children with congenital Zika syndrome. Methods: Initial and final grating visual acuity was measured using Teller acuity cards. Cerebral vision impairment standardized tests were used to assess functional vision. Patients were referred to the early visual intervention program for visually disabled children. Neuroimaging was performed. Results: In this study, 10 children were included with an age range of 1-37 months. Eight patients presented with macular atrophic scars. Neuroimaging revealed microcephaly and cerebral abnormalities in all patients. Low vision and cerebral vision impairment characteristics were observed in all children. The final grating visual acuity in this group varied from 3.00 to 0.81 logMAR. Conclusions: The grating visual acuity test revealed low vision in all children with congenital Zika syndrome. Functional vision evaluation revealed cerebral vision impairment characteristics in all patients, who were referred to the early visual intervention program. Visual acuity improved in six children. Purpose syndrome Methods cards performed Results 1 137 37 1-3 months scars 300 3 00 3.0 081 0 81 0.8 logMAR Conclusions 13 1- 30 3. 08 8 0.

ABSTRACT Aging and face sagging have many causes, and various techniques are used for treatment, including noninvasive procedures, such as focused ultrasound, which uses the principle of collagen regeneration by coagulative necrosis of the dermis layers using radiofrequency, but this procedure has complications. We reported a case of a 54-year-old female patient who complained of poor visual acuity in her right eye three days after a focused ultrasound facial aesthetic procedure, with the best visual acuity of 20/60. Biomicroscopy of the right eye revealed an acute cataract with three points of fibrosis extending from the posterior to the anterior capsule. The patient underwent phacoemulsification surgery with visual rehabilitation and improved vision of 20/20. We hypothesized that the occurrence of acute cataract was related to the inappropriate use of focused ultrasound. causes treatment procedures radiofrequency complications 54yearold yearold 54 year old 2060 20 60 20/60 capsule 2020 20/20 5 206 2 6 20/6 202 20/2 20/

São apresentadas reflexões sobre a relevância histórica dos bufões por meio de uma análise sobre a visão artística e social do bufão ao palhaço de hospital. É discutida em quatro tópicos: A máscara, o ator e a plateia; O bufão e a expressão do ridículo; O espetáculo e a indicação do ridículo; e O riso na sociedade do espetáculo. O palhaço de hospital favorece reflexões semelhantes às do bufão, mas é necessário que a interação com o público apresente um espetáculo de comicidade com postura ética. Tem a capacidade de rir de si mesmo perante as adversidades e enfermidades, sempre com o devido respeito ao doente. E não somente isso: o palhaço de hospital consegue, através de posturas muitas vezes caricatas, inverter e questionar a lógica do poder do ambiente de saúde, fazendo disso um profissionalismo e protagonismo dele nesse espaço. tópicos máscara plateia ridículo ética enfermidades doente isso consegue caricatas saúde espaço

Se presentan reflexiones sobre la relevancia histórica de los bufones, por medio de un análisis sobre la visión artística y social del bufón al payaso de hospital. Se discute en 4 tópicos: la máscara, el actor y el público; El Bufón y la expresión del ridículo; El espectáculo y la indicación del ridículo y La risa en la sociedad del espectáculo. El payaso de hospital favorece reflexiones semejantes a las del Bufón, pero es necesario que la interacción con el público presente un espectáculo de comicidad con postura ética. Es posible reírse de uno mismo ante las adversidades; del cuerpo enfermo, pero con respeto al enfermo; de las posturas de superioridad profesional ante la asistencia, como una forma de invertir la lógica del poder y sin poner en tela de juicio su profesionalismo, con el mismo grado de protagonismo. bufones tópicos máscara ética adversidades enfermo asistencia profesionalismo protagonismo

The study presents reflections on the historical relevance of buffoons through an analysis of the artistic and social view from the buffoon to the hospital clown. The subject is discussed in four topics: The mask, the actor, and the audience; The buffoon and the expression of ridicule; The spectacle and the indication of ridicule; and Laughter in the society of the spectacle. The hospital clown promotes a reflection that is similar to that of the buffoon, but the interaction with the audience must present a spectacle of comicality with an ethical stance. It is possible to laugh at oneself in the face of adversity, at the sick body, but respecting the patient, and at postures of professional superiority concerning care, as a way of reversing the logic of power without questioning one’s professionalism, with an equal degree of protagonism. topics mask actor ridicule stance adversity body patient care ones one s professionalism protagonism

Résumé Au cours des dernières décennies, on observe une intense circulation de politiques en faveur des LGBTI+ au Brésil. Étant donné que ces politiques ont été marquées par de faibles capacités d’induction du gouvernement fédéral, comment expliquer leur circulation entre les niveaux et les unités de la fédération ? Pour répondre à cette question, l’article analyse la trajectoire de circulation des centres de référence LGBTI+ et du “tripode de la citoyenneté” dans cinq unités d’observation à partir de données d’entretiens et d’analyses documentaires. Les résultats indiquent que « l’activisme multiniveau » a été central pour la circulation de ces politiques, à travers la construction de réseaux informels d’interaction qui intègrent les niveaux, la formation d’organisations multiniveaux, l’action dans des arènes réunissant des acteurs de multiples niveaux et le déplacement et l’appartenance multiple des acteurs entre les niveaux. Ainsi, l’article défend la fécondité d’un « regard multiniveau » sur les relations entre les mouvements sociaux et les politiques publiques. décennies LGBTI Brésil dinduction d induction fédéral question larticle l article tripode citoyenneté dobservation observation dentretiens entretiens danalyses analyses documentaires lactivisme activisme dinteraction interaction dorganisations organisations multiniveaux laction action lappartenance appartenance Ainsi dun un publiques

Resumo Nas últimas décadas, observa-se uma intensa circulação de políticas para LGBTI+ no Brasil. Uma vez que tais políticas foram marcadas pela fraca capacidade de indução do Governo Federal, como explicar sua circulação entre níveis e unidades da federação? Para responder essa pergunta, o artigo analisa a trajetória de circulação dos centros de referência LGBTI+ e do “tripé da cidadania” em cinco unidades de observação a partir de dados de entrevistas e de análise documental. Os resultados indicam que o “ativismo multinível” foi fundamental para a circulação dessas políticas por meio: da construção de redes informais de interação que integram níveis; da formação de organizações multinível; da atuação em arenas que reúnem atores oriundos de múltiplos níveis; e do deslocamento e múltiplo pertencimento de atores entre níveis. O artigo defende, assim, a fertilidade de um “olhar multinível” para as relações entre movimentos sociais e políticas públicas. décadas observase observa se LGBTI Brasil Federal federação pergunta tripé cidadania documental ativismo multinível meio defende assim olhar públicas

Resumen En las últimas décadas, ha habido una intensa circulación de políticas LGBTI+ en Brasil. Dado que estas políticas han estado marcadas por la escasa capacidad de inducción del gobierno federal, ¿cómo explicar su circulación entre niveles y unidades de la federación? Para responder a esta pregunta, el artículo analiza la circulación de los centros de referencia LGBTI+ y el “trípode de la ciudadanía” en cinco unidades de observación a partir de datos de entrevistas y análisis documentales. Los resultados indican que el “activismo multinivel” fue fundamental para la circulación de estas políticas, a través de la construcción de redes de interacción informales que integran niveles, la formación de organizaciones multinivel, la acción en arenas que reúnen a actores de múltiples niveles y el desplazamiento y la pertenencia múltiple de actores entre niveles. El artículo defiende así la utilidad de una “visión multinivel” de la relación entre los movimientos sociales y las políticas públicas. décadas LGBTI Brasil federal cómo federación pregunta trípode ciudadanía documentales activismo multinivel visión públicas

Abstract During the past decades, an intense process of policy circulation of LGBTI+ policies has taken place in Brazil. Since those policies had weak induction capacities in the federal level, how to explain their circulation between levels and units of the Brazilian federation? To answer this question, this article analyses the circulation trajectories of the “LGBTI+ reference centers” and the “citizenship triplet” among five observation units using data from official documents and interviews. Results show that “multilevel activism” was crucial for the circulation of those policies, through the construction of informal interaction networks that integrate levels, the foundation of multilevel organizations, the action within arenas that gather actors from multiple levels and the displacement and multiple filiations of actors between levels. The article argues for the fertility of a “multilevel approach” to the relations between social movements and public policies. decades LGBTI Brazil level federation question “LGBTI centers citizenship triplet interviews activism organizations approach

ABSTRACT Introduction: the two conditions that cause blindness and that can frequently coexist in the same patient are glaucoma and cataract. Cataract surgery plus trabeculectomy is very useful in Latin American countries due to its good visual results and low cost for patients with limited economic resources. Being a cost-effective alternative for this type of population. Objective: to describe the results of small incision cataract surgery combined with trabeculectomy in patients with glaucoma refractory to maximum therapy at Fundación Visión. Methodology: a retrospective observational study was carried out that included patients who underwent combined cataract and glaucoma surgery at Fundación Visión from May 2021 to April 30, 2022. The following variables were analyzed; visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), number of hypotensive medications, pre and post surgery, in addition to operative complications. Results: before surgery, 51 % of patients had an IOP between 21 to 30 mmHg, and 57 % used triple drug therapy. After surgery, 98 % of patients had IOP <20 mmHg and 41 % did not need to use hypotensive medications. IOP was significantly reduced (p <0.001) from 28.59 mmHg pre-surgery to 11.18 mmHg post-surgery. In 41% of patients (n = 21) the success was complete, in 57% (n = 29) the success was partial and in one patient there was no success. There was only one case of intraoperative complication with zonulodialysis and the postoperative complications were choroidal detachment and flat bulla, with two cases each. Conclusion: small-incision cataract surgery combined with trabeculectomy is a safe, effective, and lower-cost treatment for people suffering from cataract and glaucoma.

RESUMEN Introducción: las dos condiciones que causan ceguera y que pueden frecuentemente coexistir en el mismo paciente son glaucoma y catarata. La cirugía de catarata más trabeculectomía es de gran utilidad en países de América Latina por los buenos resultados visuales y el bajo costo para pacientes de escasos recursos económicos. Siendo una alternativa costo efectiva para este tipo de población. Objetivo: describir los resultados de la cirugía de catarata por pequeña incisión combinada con trabeculectomía en pacientes con glaucoma refractario a terapia máxima en la Fundación Visión. Métodología: se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo que incluyó a pacientes intervenidos con una cirugía combinada de catarata y glaucoma en la Fundación Visión de mayo del 2021 al 30 de abril del 2022. Se analizaron las siguientes variables; agudeza visual, presión intraocular (PIO), número de medicamentos hipotensores, pre y post cirugía, además de las complicaciones operatorias. Resultados: previo a la cirugía, el 51 % de los pacientes tenía una PIO entre 21 a 30 mmHg, y el 57 % usaba una triple terapia medicamentosa. Posterior a la cirugía, el 98 % de los pacientes presentaron PIO <20 mmHg y el 41 % no necesitó usar medicamentos hipotensores. La PIO se redujo significativamente (p <0.001) de 28,59 mmHg en la pre cirugía a 11,18 mmHg en la post cirugía. En el 41 % de los pacientes (n = 21) el éxito fue completo, en el 57 % (n = 29) éxito fue parcial y en un paciente no hubo éxito. Solo hubo un caso de complicación intraoperatoria con zonulodiálisis y las complicaciones postoperatorias fueron el desprendimiento coroideo y ampolla plana, con dos casos cada uno. Conclusión: la cirugía de catarata por incisión pequeña combinada con trabeculectomía es un tratamiento seguro, eficaz y de menor costo para personas que padecen catarata y glaucoma.

Resumen: Con la crisis del petróleo de principios de la década del 70, vimos el inicio del fin de los "años dorados" del modelo burocrático, en la década siguiente el modelo ya estaba ampliamente desacreditado hasta el punto del modelo de reemplazo, Nueva Gestión Pública. (NGP), siendo visto como superior. Sin embargo, los académicos señalan que la NGP no es más que "creencias precientíficas" y Denhardt y Denhardt (2000) proponen el nuevo servicio público que, entre otros aspectos, tiene como objetivo superar el individualismo y el economicismo subyacentes a la NGP. Sin embargo, los supuestos del Nuevo Servicio Público se acercan a los que ha defendido Ubuntu. Por tanto, la pregunta es: qué es Ubuntu, cuáles son los presupuestos del nuevo servicio público y cuáles son sus puntos de convergencia. Basado en una metodología que combina una visión subjetivista y una epistemología del poscolonialismo, este estudio de caso de investigación cualitativa se basó técnicamente en la revisión de la literatura y el análisis del discurso. Se concluyó que las propuestas del nuevo servicio público convergen con los cimientos de Ubuntu y que, a pesar de ser epistemologías construidas en distintos lados de las fronteras, pueden dialogar y complementarse. Resumen 70 años dorados burocrático reemplazo Pública NGP, , (NGP) superior embargo creencias precientíficas 2000 (2000 aspectos tanto convergencia poscolonialismo discurso fronteras complementarse 7 (NGP 200 (200 20 (20 2 (2 (

Abstract: With the oil crisis at the beginning of the 70s, we saw the beginning of the end of the "golden years" of the bureaucratic model, in the following decade the model was already largely discredited, therefore, material and intellectual conditions led us to believe in and defend the superiority of the substitute model, New Public Management (NPM). However, scholars point out that NPM is nothing more than "pre-scientific beliefs" and Denhardt and Denhardt (2000) proposed the New Public Service (NPS) model which, among other aspects, aims to overcome the individualism and economism underlying NPM. However, the assumptions that shape the New Public Service propose the rescue of values that have been defended by Ubuntu for decades. The question is: what is Ubuntu, what are the assumptions of the new public service and what are its points of convergence. In ontological terms, this study adopts a subjectivist view and, epistemologically, it is anchored in post-colonialism. This is a case study associated with qualitative research that was technically based on literature review and discourse analysis. It was concluded that the proposals for the new public service converge with the foundations of Ubuntu and that, despite being epistemologies built on different sides of the borders, they can dialogue and complement each other. Abstract 70s s golden years discredited therefore . (NPM) However prescientific pre scientific beliefs 2000 (2000 NPS (NPS which aspects decades convergence terms epistemologically postcolonialism. postcolonialism post colonialism. colonialism post-colonialism analysis borders (NPM 200 (200 20 (20 2 (2 (

Resumo: Com a crise do petróleo no início da década de 1970, assistiu-se ao princípio do fim dos "anos dourados" do modelo burocrático. Na década seguinte, o modelo já estava amplamente desacreditado; por conseguinte, condições materiais e intelectuais levaram a crer e defender a superioridade do modelo substituto, a Nova Gestão Pública (NGP). No entanto, estudiosos apontam que a NGP não passa de "crenças pré-científicas", e Denhardt e Denhardt (2000) propuseram o modelo do Novo Serviço Público (NSP) que, dentre outros aspetos, visa superar o individualismo e o economicismo subjacente à NGP. No entanto, os pressupostos que fundamentam o NSP propõem o resgate de valores que há décadas são defendidos pelo Ubuntu. Questiona-se: o que é Ubuntu, quais são os pressuposto do Novo Serviço Público e quais são os seus pontos de convergência. Em termos ontológicos, este estudo adopta uma visão subjetivista e, epistemologicamente, ancora-se no pós-colonialismo. Este é um estudo de caso associado à pesquisa qualitativa que tecnicamente alicerçou-se na revisão da literatura e análise de discurso. Concluiu-se que as propostas do Novo Serviço Público convergem com os fundamentos do Ubuntu e que, a despeito de serem epistemologias construídas em lados diferentes das fronteiras, podem dialogar e se complementar. Resumo 1970 assistiuse assistiu anos dourados burocrático seguinte desacreditado conseguinte substituto . (NGP) entanto crenças précientíficas, précientíficas pré científicas , pré-científicas" 2000 (2000 (NSP aspetos Questionase Questiona Questiona-se convergência ontológicos epistemologicamente ancorase ancora póscolonialismo. póscolonialismo pós colonialismo. colonialismo pós-colonialismo alicerçouse alicerçou discurso Concluiuse Concluiu fronteiras complementar 197 (NGP pré-científicas 200 (200 19 20 (20 1 2 (2 (

Resumen Este artículo reflexiona sobre la importancia de la tuba tanto en la música de banda como en la música regional mexicana, como parte del auge comercial de agrupaciones de tuba y acordeón o norteño-banda. Esta aproximación recupera fuentes documentales y notas de observación participante con músicos de bandas y conjuntos de Tijuana. A diferencia de otros estudios sobre bandas de viento en México, el presente trabajo destaca los intercambios musicales desde y hacia Estados Unidos como catalizadores del desarrollo técnico del instrumento y su adopción en las bandas populares. Esta visión aporta un enfoque transfronterizo a los estudios sobre el desarrollo de la banda y el conjunto en ambos lados de la frontera. Finalmente, se destaca también la importancia de la tuba para la música regional mexicana contemporánea, misma que se integró a la industria musical transnacional como parte de una manifestación musical subalterna.

Abstract This article reflects on the importance of tuba on banda and Mexican regional music, under the actual expansion of tuba and accordion bands. This approach retrieves documental sources and notes of participant observation about musicians of bands and conjuntos in Tijuana. In contrast to other studies concerning banda music groups in Mexico, the present work highlights the musical exchanges to and from the United States as catalysts for the technical development of the instrument and its adoption in popular bands. This vision brings a cross-border approach to the studies on the development of banda and conjunto in both sides of the border. In conclusion, it also highlights the importance of tuba for the contemporary Mexican regional music, which was integrated to the transnational music industry as a part of subaltern musical manifestation.

Abstract Purpose: To analyze the contribution of the program "Sembrando Vida" in alleviating the poverty of male and female farmers using an Actor-Oriented Approach (AOA), to comprehend the program's impact on poverty reduction in Acayucan, Veracruz, Mexico. This analysis takes into consideration aspects such as employment, food self-sufficiency, the reconstruction of social fabric, forest recovery, the potential of territories, and overall well-being. Methodological design: This is an ethnographic study, using in-depth interviews and participant observation of ten farmers in the program over a period of seven months. The analysis of the information was carried out using NVivo software. Results: The program is partially fulfilling the objective to decrease poverty, because farmers still confront productive limitations, social vulnerability, higher investments, and technical-productive difficulties. Research limitations: The scope of the research only corresponds to the actors who participated in the research; therefore, the results cannot be generalized. Comparisons with more communities and with farmers not participating in the program would give a broader picture. Findings: This study contributes to the understanding of the impact of public interventions on development processes. The findings contribute to improving the implementation of the program and to developing future projects that consolidate the medium and long-term goals of the program.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la contribución del programa Sembrando Vida en el alivio de la pobreza de campesinas y campesinos desde un Enfoque Orientado al Actor (EOA), para comprender el impacto del programa en la disminución de la pobreza en Acayucan, Veracruz, México; considerando aspectos como: el empleo, la autosuficiencia alimentaria, la reconstrucción del tejido social, la recuperación forestal, el potencial de territorios y el bienestar. Diseño metodológico: esta investigación cualitativa es de carácter etnográfico, realizando entrevistas a profundidad y observación participante a diez agricultores del programa durante un periodo de siete meses. El análisis de la información se realizó a través del software NVivo. Resultados: el programa está cumpliendo parcialmente con su objetivo de combate a la pobreza, puesto que los campesinos aún enfrentan limitaciones productivas, vulnerabilidad social, mayores inversiones y dificultad técnico-productiva. Limitaciones de la investigación: los alcances de la investigación solo corresponden a los actores que participaron en ella, por lo tanto, los resultados no pueden generalizarse. Comparar con más comunidades y con campesinos no participantes del programa daría una visión más amplia. Hallazgos: se aporta una mayor comprensión del impacto de las intervenciones públicas en los procesos de desarrollo. Lo encontrado suma para la mejora del programa en su aplicación y en el desarrollo de futuros proyectos que consoliden las metas a mediano y largo plazo del programa.

RESUMEN La obsesión moderna por la seguridad (desde el miedo extremo a los gérmenes hasta la xenofobia) termina en el aislamiento. En este artículo exploramos qué hay detrás de esta preocupación por la seguridad, las metáforas que la rodean (y que provienen de la inmunología) y una forma de escapar del miedo tomando como punto de partida la idea deleuziana de la ética nómada. Desde una perspectiva contemporánea de cómo funcionan los sistemas inmunológicos, repensamos las metáforas: en la medida en que surgen nuevas caracterizaciones de la inmunidad, existe la necesidad de aproximarnos a las respuestas no defensivas, no reactivas a las demandas del devenir. Implica repensar la alteridad, la necesidad de abrazarla en lugar de evitarla, y su importancia para entender lo que nos hace humanos. Argumentaremos que la ética nómada requiere una epistemología nómada, un reconocimiento de que una comprensión y un control plenos de la realidad pueden estar fuera de nuestro alcance y, por lo tanto, una aceptación de formas de conocimiento parciales, tentativas y diversas.

ABSTRACT The modern obsession with safety (which ranges from extreme fear of germs to xenophobia) ends in isolation. In this paper, we explore what is behind of this concern with safety, the metaphors that surround it (which come from immunology), and a way to escape from fear using the Deleuzian idea of nomadic ethics as a point of departure. From a contemporary perspective of how immune systems work, we rethink the metaphors used to describe it: as far as new characterizations of immunity arise, there is a need to approach a notion of non-defensive, non-reactive answers to the ever-changing demands of a world in motion, of becoming. It implies rethinking alterity, the need to embrace it instead of avoiding it, and the need to understand its importance, the way in which it makes us humans. We will argue that nomadic ethics require a nomadic epistemology, an acknowledgement that a full understanding and control of reality may be beyond our reach, and therefore an acceptance of partial, tentative, and diverse forms of knowledge.

RESUMEN Para Hegel, el rendimiento supremo del pensamiento consiste en hallar un terreno en el cual se pongan en evidencia las dimensiones primarias de la realidad. Por esta vía consigue desarrollar uno de sus planteamientos más interesantes en la Ciencia de la lógica, a saber, el concepto de realidad efectiva. Este artículo elabora esa visión de la realidad comentando cuidadosamente lo que Hegel desarrolla allí. Al final muestra que la realidad absoluta es a la vez diferenciación en multiplicidades existentes e inversión de esa contingencia en absoluta necesidad, es decir, se pone como contingente para recuperarse a sí misma en la necesidad.

ABSTRACT For Hegel, the supreme performance of thought consists in finding a terrain in which the primary dimensions of reality become evident. In this way, he develops one of his most interesting approaches in the Science of Logic, namely, effective reality. This article elaborates this view of reality by carefully commenting on what Hegel develops therein. At the end, he shows that absolute reality is both differentiation into existing multiplicities and inversion of that contingency into absolute necessity, i.e., it sets itself as contingent in order to recover itself in necessity.

RESUMEN En este artículo se buscará desarrollar un análisis de la teoría aristotélica de la sustancia, específicamente de la discusión en torno a su particularidad o universalidad. Primero revisaremos el planteamiento del problema tal como aparece en Categorías. Posteriormente, llevaremos la discusión a Metafísica, específicamente el libro Z, donde se puede encontrar una visión más desarrollada y elaborada de las ideas expuestas por el filósofo que en el Organon. A partir de allí revisaremos la visión universalista y particularista para evaluarlas en su mérito e intentar determinar cuál de las dos resulta ser más adecuada para la ontología aristotélica. Finalmente, se revisarán algunas posibles soluciones al problema de cognoscibilidad que presenta la visión particularista y se intentará dilucidar esos problemas a la luz de la aplicación que tiene cuando se transporta el conflicto al problema del alma en De Anima.

ABSTRACT In this paper, we seek to develop an analysis of the Aristotelian theory of substance, specifically of the discussion about its particularity or universality. We will first review the statement of the problem as it appears in Categories. We will then take the discussion to Metaphysics, specifically book Z, where a further developed and elaborated view of the ideas presented by the philosopher can be found compared to the Organon. From there we will review the universalist and particularist views to evaluate them on their merit and try to determine which of the two turns out to be more adequate for Aristotelian ontology. Finally, we will review some possible solutions to the problem of cognizability presented by the particularist view and attempt to clarify these problems in light of the application it has when the conflict is transposed to the problem of the soul in De Anima.