Resumen: Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los cambios en la dinámica residencial y comercial de un barrio del sur de Belo Horizonte. Utilizando el registro del Impuesto sobre Bienes Urbanos y Territoriales y el registro del Impuesto sobre Transmisiones Inmobiliarias, fue posible, no sólo identificar y mapear las nuevas propiedades residenciales y comerciales construidas en el barrio en la última década, sino delinear el perfil de sus nuevas residentes y consumidores. Se tiene en cuenta el concepto de gentrificación como un proceso de sustitución de una clase social de menor estatus por otra de mayor estatus, para examinar los resultados encontrados. Los datos apuntan a un proceso de cambio físico, marcado por la mayor oferta de edificios con alto nivel de acabado y alto valor, dirigidos a un grupo social de mayor estatus que los residentes anteriores. El principal actor detrás de estos cambios es el mercado inmobiliario. Resumen Horizonte Inmobiliarias posible década consumidores encontrados físico valor anteriores inmobiliario

Abstract: This article aims to analyze changes in the residential and commercial dynamics of a neighborhood in the south of Belo Horizonte. Using the Urban Property and Territorial Property Tax register and the Real Estate Transfer Tax register, it was possible, not only to identify and map the new residential and commercial properties built in the neighborhood in the last decade, but to outline the profile of its new residents and consumers. The concept of gentrification is taken into account as a process of replacing a social class with a lower status by another with a higher status, to examine the results found. The data point to a process of physical change, marked by the greater supply of buildings with a high standard of finishing and high value, aimed at a social group with a higher status than the previous residents. The main actor behind these changes is the real estate market. Abstract Horizonte possible decade consumers found change value market

Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as mudanças nas dinâmicas residenciais e comerciais de um bairro da Zona Sul de Belo Horizonte. Utilizando o cadastro do Imposto sobre a Propriedade Predial e Territorial Urbana e o cadastro do Imposto sobre a Transmissão de Bens Imóveis, foi possível, não apenas identificar e mapear os novos imóveis residenciais e comerciais construídos no bairro na última década, mas esboçar o perfil de seus novos moradores e consumidores. Leva-se em conta o conceito de gentrificação enquanto um processo de substituição de uma classe social com status inferior por outra com status superior, para examinar os resultados encontrados. Os dados apontam para um processo de mudança física, marcada pela maior oferta de edifícios com alto padrão de acabamento e alto valor, voltados para um grupo social com status superior ao dos antigos moradores. Tais mudanças têm como principal ator o mercado imobiliário. Resumo Horizonte Imóveis possível década consumidores Levase Leva se encontrados física valor imobiliário

Abstract This article analyzes the relationship between gentrification and the economic-gastronomic landscape in two neighborhoods in downtown Mexico City. The objective is to conceptually readjust these terms and to recognize the singularities of their manifestations in Latin America. To this end, a theoretical framework is constructed that outlines the three epistemological cores for the analysis of gentrification in the region and that articulates such concept with cultural commodification and gourmetization. Through a descriptive quantitative analysis, we examine the transformation of the food landscape through the presence and diversification of gastronomic and retail businesses in the Condesa and Santa María La Ribera neighborhoods. The results show that there is a trend towards an increase in commercial activity under the model of mini-supermarkets and other businesses that diversify and, at the same time, homogenize cultural and gastronomic offerings in these neighborhoods. However, the pandemic affected these neighborhoods in a particular way: while in Condesa the proliferation of these businesses slowed down, in Santa María La Ribera they increased their presence. It is concluded that this analytical argument offers a view that can strengthen the qualitative study of the effects developed by gentrification and its consequences in other areas of urban daily life.

Resumen En el presente artículo se analiza la relación entre la gentrificación y el paisaje económico-gastronómico en dos colonias del centro de la Ciudad de México. El objetivo es reajustar conceptualmente dichos términos y reconocer las singularidades de su manifestación en América Latina. Con ese fin, se construye un marco teórico que esboza los tres núcleos epistemológicos para el análisis de la gentrificación en la región y que articula tal concepto con la mercantilización cultural y la gourmetización. Mediante un análisis cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, se examina la transformación del paisaje alimentario a través de la presencia y la diversificación de comercios gastronómicos y comercios al por menor en las colonias Condesa y Santa María La Ribera. Los resultados muestran que existe una tendencia al incremento de la actividad comercial bajo el modelo de los minisúper y otros negocios que diversifican y, a la vez, homogenizan la oferta cultural y gastronómica en estas colonias. Sin embargo, la pandemia afectó de manera particular dichos barrios: mientras que en Condesa se ralentizó la proliferación de estos comercios, en Santa María La Ribera aumentaron su presencia. Se concluye que esta propuesta analítica ofrece una mirada que puede fortalecer el estudio cualitativo de los efectos desarrollados por la gentrificación y sus consecuencias en otras áreas de la cotidianidad urbana.

ABSTRACT The main Latin American heritage cities show real estate tourism renovation operations in historic areas that are currently analyzed through studies on gentrification and touristification. Valparaíso (Chile) is an example to observe; following the declaration of its historic area as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, a tourism-real estate renewal process began in heritage areas inside and outside the UNESCO polygon. Using spatial analysis, the location of tourist trade, location of housing under Airbnb rent, housing prices, depopulation and sociodemographic changes are examined. The results show a touristification process that selectively revitalizes the World Heritage Site while also creating an area of tourist expansion in the hills adjacent to the UNESCO site. A process is observed that, property by property, renews the lower part of the hills, configuring an elitist leisure and residence space which excludes the local inhabitant and pressures the resident to relocate.

RESUMEN Las principales ciudades patrimoniales latinoamericanas muestran operaciones de renovación turística inmobiliaria en áreas históricas que hoy son analizadas desde estudios sobre gentrificación y turistificación. Valparaíso (Chile) es un ejemplo en la materia, ya que tras la declaración de su área histórica como Sitio de Patrimonio Mundial Unesco se inició un proceso de renovación turístico-inmobiliaria en áreas patrimoniales dentro y fuera del polígono Unesco. Utilizando análisis espacial, se examinan en este marco la localización de comercio turístico y de vivienda bajo arriendo Airbnb, el precio de la vivienda, el despoblamiento y cambios sociodemográficos. Los resultados muestran un proceso de turistificación que dinamiza selectivamente el Sitio de Patrimonio Mundial, generando además una zona de expansión turística en cerros contiguos al sitio Unesco. Se observa un proceso que, inmueble a inmueble, renueva la parte baja de los cerros, configurando un espacio de ocio y residencia elitizado, que excluye al habitante local y presiona por desplazamiento al residente.

Abstract This article explores the impact of the gastronomic boom on gentrification processes in Lima, Peru, during the last two decades. It is an ethnographic study conducted in 2012, 2014, and 2016 in the Santa Cruz housing development, which used to be a working-class neighborhood located in the Miraflores district. The central focus is the analysis of the personal narratives of change and belonging of residents, workers, and visitors, supported by photographic practice. In particular, it is based on the experience of Carlos, a young actor who after living several years in London returns to Peru to start a business and, taking advantage of competitive prices in Santa Cruz, opens a gourmet bakery in the neighborhood. Using the notion of “cosmopolitan imagination,” we show the different ways in which Carlos recontextualizes his experience in London in the specificity of La Mar, negotiating the limits, meanings and values of the places, people, and cultural practices that arise from inhabiting this space of change. Ultimately, Carlos’s bakery becomes a meeting point for linking or negotiating different strategies and experiences of belonging to the area, materializing power dynamics that emerge inside and outside the business, thus shaping the commodification of Santa Cruz.

Resumen En el presente artículo se explora el impacto del auge gastronómico en los procesos de gentrificación en Lima, Perú, durante las últimas dos décadas. Se trata de una investigación etnográfica realizada en 2012, 2014 y 2016 en la urbanización de Santa Cruz, que solía ser un barrio obrero ubicado en el distrito Miraflores. El enfoque central es el análisis de las narrativas personales de cambio y pertenencia de las personas residentes, trabajadoras y visitantes de la zona, apoyado en la práctica fotográfica. Se basa en la experiencia de Carlos, un joven actor que después de vivir varios años en Londres regresa al Perú para emprender y tomando ventaja de los precios competitivos en Santa Cruz, abre una panadería gourmet en el barrio. A partir de la idea de “imaginación cosmopolita”, se muestran las distintas formas en las que Carlos recontextualiza su experiencia en Londres en la especificidad de La Mar, negociando los límites, significados y valores de los lugares, personas y prácticas culturales que surgen al habitar este espacio de cambio. Finalmente, la panadería de Carlos se transforma en un punto de encuentro para vincular o negociar distintas estrategias y experiencias de pertenencia a la zona, materializando dinámicas de poder que emergen dentro y fuera del negocio, marcando así la mercantilización de Santa Cruz.

Abstract As a result of COVID-19, new dynamics emerged in many urban systems, including the acquisition and distribution of food. The pandemic revealed vulnerabilities in the functioning of facilities and intensified problems such as informality, insecurity, and immigration. In order to contribute to the identification and characterization of these dynamics within food markets, a case study methodology was adopted for this article using mixed techniques - a quantitative approach using a survey and a qualitative approach featuring a focus group. Both methods were applied in the San Roque market in the Metropolitan District of Quito, an iconic food market and distribution facility. The results highlight new commercial dynamics and preferences, as in recent years informal trade and the presence of supermarket chains have proliferated; new logistic means have been created; and wholesale trade has intensified. In addition, the pandemic accentuated the vulnerability of the market at the administrative level and the precariousness of some informal jobs, in turn, accelerated changes among traders. It is concluded that these dynamics merit new conceptual, organizational, and spatial approaches in architectural and urban terms, as well as different policies that favor the sustainable management of markets.

Resumen A raíz de la covid-19 se dieron nuevas dinámicas en muchos sistemas urbanos entre las que destaca la de adquisición y distribución de alimentos. La pandemia mostró la vulnerabilidad en el funcionamiento de equipamientos e intensificó problemáticas como la informalidad, la inseguridad y la inmigración. Con el objetivo de aportar a la identificación y caracterización de estas dinámicas dentro de los mercados de alimentos, para el presente artículo se adoptó una metodología de caso de estudio con técnicas mixtas: cuantitativas por medio de una encuesta y cualitativas a partir de un grupo focal. Ambas técnicas se aplicaron en el mercado San Roque en el Distrito Metropolitano de Quito, equipamiento icónico en cuanto a la comercialización y distribución de alimentos. En los resultados sobresalen las nuevas dinámicas y preferencias comerciales, ya que en los últimos años han proliferado el comercio informal y la presencia de cadenas de supermercados, se han creado nuevos medios logísticos y se ha intensificado el comercio mayorista. Además, la pandemia acentuó la vulnerabilidad del mercado a nivel administrativo y la precarización de algunos trabajos informales, a su vez, aceleró un cambio entre el grupo de comerciantes. Se concluye que estas dinámicas ameritan nuevas aproximaciones conceptuales, organizativas y espaciales a escala arquitectónica y urbana, y también distintas políticas que favorezcan la gestión sostenible de los mercados.

Abstract This article contributes to developing and consolidating research on the connections between food and gentrification while highlighting the effects of these processes in areas beyond urban life. To achieve this, we draw on the concept of value chains connecting gentrified neighborhoods to rural agricultural communities. In this chain, processes of valorization and devaluation are generated, which unevenly affect the actors involved in the production and consumption of food. The paper focuses on the conflicts and contestations along the value chain of gentrification, putting interdisciplinary contributions into dialogue while presenting four cases from secondary sources. These cases are illustrative of how these processes operate at different levels, territories, and scales: signature coffee, as a symbol of distinction in gentrified neighborhoods; the avocado from its gastronomic manifestation as avocado toast; wine, from the touristification of its production to valorization strategies in urban consumption; and quinoa, from the patenting of new varieties to the development of markets that exclude large sectors of the population. The boom in the circulation of these foods has the effect of capital accumulation by dispossession in both rural and urban areas and in both production and consumption processes.

Resumen El presente artículo busca contribuir al desarrollo y consolidación de los estudios sobre la gourmetización y la gentrificación alimentaria, enfatizando los efectos que estos procesos tienen en ámbitos que exceden a la vida urbana. En ese marco, se propone recuperar los engranajes de la cadena de valor y sus localizaciones -desde los barrios gentrificados hasta las comunidades rurales agrícolas-, indicando los procesos de valorización y desvalorización y cómo estos afectan de forma desigual a los actores involucrados. Se enfatiza sobre este punto estableciendo un diálogo interdisciplinar. A partir de una revisión bibliográfica, el artículo se basa en cuatro casos recuperados de fuentes secundarias y que ilustran la forma en la que operan estos procesos en distintos niveles, territorios y escalas: el café de autor en cuanto símbolo de distinción en los barrios gentrificados; la palta o aguacate a partir de su manifestación gastronómica en el avocado toast; el vino, desde la turistificación de su producción hasta las estrategias de valorización en su consumo urbano; y la quinoa, desde el patentamiento de nuevas variedades hasta el desarrollo de mercados que excluyen a amplios sectores de población. Se concluye que el auge de estos alimentos tiene efectos de acumulación del capital por desposesión en los ámbitos rural y urbano, al igual que en los procesos de producción y de consumo.

Abstract The gentrification, a social-territorial change by economic investment, is present in Analco’s neighborhood, Puebla. The Faculty of Architecture of the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, through the project Casa Analco, studies this phenomenon to preserve historic heritage in the face of the gentrifying threat. Strategies such as strengthening social networks and promoting the social economy aim to integrate through community development, fostering identity and resistance to preserve the material and immaterial heritage of the neighborhood. The objective of this descriptive work is to identify the values of the solidarity economy carried out by Casa Analco and the Center for Urban Research and Management, and how the project can contribute to resistance against gentrification in the study area.

Resumen La gentrificación, cambio socioterritorial por inversión de capital, se manifiesta en el Barrio de Analco, Puebla. La Facultad de Arquitectura de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, a través del proyecto Casa Analco, estudia este fenómeno para preservar el patrimonio ante la amenaza gentrificadora. Estrategias como fortalecer redes sociales y promover la economía solidaria, buscan integrarse por medio del desarrollo comunitario, fomentando identidad y resistencia para preservar el patrimonio material e inmaterial del barrio. El objetivo de este trabajo descriptivo es identificar los valores de economía solidaria a cargo de Casa Analco y del Centro de Investigación y Gestión Urbana, y cómo el proyecto puede contribuir a la resistencia de la gentrificación en el barrio de estudio.

Abstract Gentrification is a process of regeneration, “elitización”, and whitening of certain neighborhoods in cities. In this urban phenomenon, counter-sexualities have found an opportunity, through purchasing power and consumption, to inhabit them and constitute other sites of expression. In this way, the presence of counter-sexualities in gentrified neighborhoods initiates a process of queerification, by assimilating and integrating lifestyles, families and LGBTIQ+ identities that ultimately question and open fissures in the long-established cisheteropatriarchal system. In this context, we analyze the relationship between queerification and gentrification in Mexico City’s Santa María la Ribera neighborhood. This study looks at the practices of consumption of spaces that offer food, drink, culture, art, and militancy. The focus is placed on LGBTIQ+ cultural consumption as a dynamizer of bodies and habitats that promotes the gentrification process and the deconstruction of heteropatriarchy.

Resumen La gentrificación es un proceso de revitalización, elitización y blanqueamiento de algunos barrios en las ciudades. En este fenómeno urbano las contrasexualidades han encontrado una oportunidad -mediante la capacidad de gasto y el consumo- para habitarlos y constituir otros lugares de enunciación. De esta manera, la presencia de las contrasexualidades en barrios gentrificados inicia un proceso de queerificación, es decir, se asimilan y se integran estilos de vida, familias e identidades LGBTIQ+ que terminan por cuestionar y abrir grietas en el sistema cisheteropatriarcal que por mucho tiempo han imperado. En este contexto, se analiza el punto de conexión entre queerificación y gentrificación en el barrio Santa María la Ribera en Ciudad de México. Para ello se apuntan las prácticas del consumo de espacios que ofertan alimentos, bebidas, cultura, arte y militancia. La impronta está colocada en el consumo cultural LGBTIQ+ como el dinamizador de cuerpos y habitares que incentivan el proceso de gentrificación y al mismo tiempo la deconstrucción del heteropatriarcado.

Resumo Este artigo discute as manifestações antidespejos ocorridas no bairro Lavapiés, em Madri, com o intuito de compreender a correlação entre dois aspectos: a caracterização desses eventos como ciberacontecimentos, pelos quais irrompem novas formas de atuação da cidadania, e a emersão de uma nova esfera de aparecimento por meio das visualidades da precariedade. Tais ações buscam denunciar a gentrificação presente no local, a qual visa impor um campo de aparecimento que instaura a condição de precariedade das pessoas consideradas inadequadas. Com isso, busca-se explicitar de que maneira o ciberacontecimento agencia a constituição de visualidades urbanas da condição precária, de modo que existir e ter direitos implica, antes de tudo, aparecer. Lavapiés Madri aspectos ciberacontecimentos cidadania local inadequadas isso buscase busca se precária implica tudo aparecer

Abstract This article discusses the anti-eviction protests that took place in Lavapiés neighborhood in Madrid, aiming to explore the correlation between two aspects: the characterization of those events as cyber-events, through which new forms of civic engagement break out, as well as the emergence of a new sphere of visibility through the visualities of precarity. Such actions seek to denounce the gentrification present in the area, trying to impose a field of appearance that establishes the condition of precarity for those considered inadequate. Thus, the aim is to elucidate how cyber-events shapes the formation of urban visualities of precarious conditions, in such a way that existing and having rights implies, above all, to appear. antieviction anti eviction Madrid aspects cyberevents, cyberevents cyber events, out area inadequate Thus conditions implies all appear

Abstract This research note seeks to present a theoretical-methodological problematization of an urban project: the DistritoTec (2012-2025) in Monterrey, Nuevo León. Achieving this problematization requires making an epistemological break not only from the object pre-constructed from the legi timizing narratives of the DistritoTec project and the city as an obvious scale, but also from the fetish concepts (such as gentrification and accumulation by dispossession) that have become an academic commonplace for the social sciences. From this perspective, the DistrictoTec can be understood not as an “urban regeneration” project, but as part of the historical strategies of social reproduction of the local business elite, specifically through the spatialization of its ethos and the updating of its paternalistic practices.

Resumen Esta nota de investigación tiene como objetivo presentar una problematización teórico- metodológica de un proyecto urbano: el llamado Distrito Tec, en Monterrey, Nuevo León. Para realizar esta problematización es necesario romper epistemológicamente no sólo con el objeto pre-construido desde las narrativas legitimadoras del proyecto Distrito Tec y de la ciudad como escala obvia, sino también con los conceptos fetiche (gentrificación, acumulación por desposesión) que se han convertido, para las ciencias sociales, en lugar común académico. Desde esta perspectiva, el Distrito Tec puede entenderse no como un proyecto de “regeneración urbana”, sino como parte de las estrategias históricas de reproducción social de la élite empresarial local, en específico mediante la espacialización de su ethos y de la actualización de sus prácticas paternalistas.

Abstract The onus of re-constructing a diverse socio-spatial and economically-prepared urban framework in the design of greenfield cities rests on the foresight of a Master Plan document. The conceptualisations in the making of a ‘brand-new city’ are challenged with its subsequent realisation. Often, urbanisation doesn’t tread its planned course, and contentious dualities of planned vs unplanned persists. In Navi Mumbai, five decades later, small-scale slum-settlements emerge as landscapes of dispossession and inevitable gentrification creating urban ruptures within the city morphology. Navi Mumbai was an expression of India’s euphoria as a newly independent nation, exemplified by pragmatic city planning. However, five decades later, the emergence of planning disruptions continues to indicate inadequacies. The paper examines the spatial logics of habitation under changing economic conditions and built-in spatial inequalities. It initiates a discourse on the type of environments planned cities foster towards residents from lower economic and social backgrounds. The key research questions addressed are: How do master plans further socio-economic segregations? What was the impact of neoliberal changes on affordable housing? Points of critique: Navi Mumbai’s reliance on ‘Euro-American’ visions and Fordist planning present several delinkages with adjacent industrial districts, indigenous farming settlements and sensitive ecological edges. The analysis conferred that affordable housing schemes became an unequal instrument of social cohesion, in light of built-in inequities. The Development Plan of Navi Mumbai excluded its original inhabitations- agricultural and fishing villages, a characteristic adopted by several development plans in contemporary Indian cities. Close examination of mechanisms of ‘incrementality’, as a hall-mark of affordable housing projects, suggests disconnections between designer’s vision and dweller’s aspirations.

Abstract The adoption of urban branding strategies is a recurrent practice among local governments One of the negative impacts of this type of strategies is gentrification, a phenomenon that implies the displacement of the original population. The objective of this paper is to identify the gentrifying effects of the Programa Pueblos Mágicos in the conurbation localities of San Pedro Cholula and San Andrés Cholula, Puebla. This case study shows the link between the program and specific modalities of gentrification and displacement, which are at the origin of conflicts in which the physical and symbolic appropriation of the territory is disputed.

Resumen La adopción de estrategias de branding urbano constituye una práctica recurrente entre los gobiernos locales. Entre los impactos negativos de este tipo de tácticas destaca la gentrificación, fenómeno que implica el desplazamiento de la población originaria. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar los efectos gentrificadores del Programa Pueblos Mágicos en los municipios conurbados de San Pedro Cholula y San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, en México. Mediante este estudio de caso se constata la vinculación del programa con modalidades específicas de gentrificación y desplazamiento, las cuales están en el origen de conflictos en los que se disputa la apropiación física y simbólica del territorio.

Abstract: After a long period of disinvestment and decline, recent years have seen a growing interest in the rehabilitation of municipal markets in European and South American countries, often culminating in the gentrification of those commercial facilities. Our working hypothesis is that some agents in the search for good urban planning practices use as a reference some markets that, through the molds used for rehabilitation, promote gentrification processes. Faced with an apparent contradiction between academic studies that confirm the gentrification of rehabilitated municipal markets and the practice of political agents who see the current rehabilitation model as good urban planning practice, we aim to analyze and discuss the current rehabilitation process of municipal markets in Portugal. In methodological terms, this work is supported by a qualitative approach, based on theoretical analysis on the subject in question and on interviews carried out with managers of three Portuguese Municipal Councils, as well as two interviews with consulting companies involved in the process. Using the conceptual framework of gentrification to help interpret the results, we conclude that the motivation for the rehabilitation of markets is based on a reading of declining markets and that the current intervention models are due to benchmarking strategies and the transfer of models understood as being good practices, also highlighting the role of consulting firms in its dissemination.

Resumo: Após um longo período de desinvestimento e declínio, nos últimos anos tem-se assistido a um crescente interesse na reabilitação dos mercados municipais em países europeus e sul-americanos, culminando frequentemente na gentrificação daqueles equipamentos comerciais. A nossa hipótese de trabalho é que alguns agentes na busca por boas práticas de planeamento urbano utilizam como referência certos mercados que, por via dos moldes usados para reabilitação, promovem processos de gentrificação. Face a uma aparente contradição entre os estudos académicos que confirmam a gentrificação dos mercados municipais reabilitados e a prática dos agentes políticos que encaram o atual molde de reabilitação como uma boa prática de planeamento urbano, temos como objectivo analisar e discutir no atual processo de reabilitação de mercados municipais em Portugal. Em termos metodológicos, este trabalho é suportado por uma abordagem qualitativa, baseando-se na análise teórica acerca da temática em causa e em entrevistas realizadas a responsáveis de três Câmaras Municipais portuguesas, assim como duas entrevistas a empresas de consultoria envolvidas no processo. Recorrendo ao quadro concetual da gentrificação para auxiliar na interpretação dos resultados, concluímos que a motivação para a reabilitação dos mercados é baseada numa leitura dos mercados em declínio e que os atuais moldes de intervenção se devem a estratégias de benchmarking e de transferências de modelos entendidos como sendo boas práticas, destacando-se, ainda, o papel das empresas de consultoria na sua disseminação.

ABSTRACT Mass housing neighborhoods emerged in the second half of the twentieth century as an important part of the affordable social housing stock in Southern Europe, but now these are suffering from social problems and physical degradation. This article, which focuses on a case study of an archetypical transformation of a housing estate in Barcelona (Canyelles), aims at identifying the conditions needed to reduce social inequalities in this type of neighborhood and implement urban rehabilitation programs. The mixed methodology applied consisted of a combination of semi-structured interviews with the main actors involved, a focus group with the neighborhood council, and a multivariate statistical analysis of intra-urban fine-scale social indicators. Based on these methods, the urban transformation projects and their social consequences, which can be observed in the evolution of the social composition of the neighborhood, are analyzed. A significant improvement in the quality of life of the neighbors is seen as a result of the housing rehabilitation and renovation of public spaces programs. Ultimately, these changes are contributing to increasing social integration, as well as initiating a gentrification process.

RESUMEN Los barrios de vivienda masiva desarrollados en la segunda mitad del siglo XX constituyen una parte importante del parque de viviendas sociales y asequibles del sur de Europa, pero sufren problemas sociales y degradación física. Centrado en un estudio de caso de transformación arquetípica de una urbanización en Barcelona (Canyelles), este artículo pretende identificar las condiciones necesarias para reducir las desigualdades sociales en este tipo de barrios, además de la implementación de programas de rehabilitación urbana. La metodología mixta aplicada consistió en una combinación de entrevistas semiestructuradas con los principales actores involucrados, un grupo focal con la junta de vecinos y un análisis estadístico multivariante de indicadores sociales a escala fina intraurbana. A partir de estos métodos, analizamos los proyectos de transformación urbana, así como sus consecuencias sociales, que se pueden observar en la evolución de la composición social del barrio. Por lo tanto, observamos una mejora significativa en la calidad de vida de los vecinos como resultado de programas, tanto de rehabilitación de viviendas como de renovación de espacios públicos. Finalmente, estos cambios están contribuyendo a aumentar la integración social, así como también a iniciar un proceso de gentrificación.

Abstract In this article, we highlight the importance of art and culture as elements of transformation in the contemporary city. Adopting a critical urban perspective, we developed ethnographic fieldwork between 2018 and 2019, taking as a starting point the ambivalences of art and culture in the transformation of territories. We look at three territories in Lisbon where the relationship between the city and the arts stands out: the Intendente, as a reference case of public policies that transformed a decadent space into a fashionable one; Marvila, as an old industrial space that has undergone important changes; and the hill of Santana, as a space designed for the future, where built heritage, structures and cultural and artistic events leverage the transformation process. Evidence suggests that Lisbon has replicated the prevailing neoliberal urban model. Furthermore, the social dynamics of resistance, although tenuous and often impotent to change hegemonic dynamics, is an important force in the territories. The three cases presented allow us to understand the direction of socio-territorial change, highlighting the importance of the presence of classified built heritage, structures and artistic and cultural events in valuing spaces, promoting their commodification and contributing to urban competitiveness.

Resumo Neste artigo, colocamos em destaque a importância da arte e da cultura enquanto elementos de transformação da cidade contemporânea. Adotando uma perspetiva urbana crítica, desenvolvemos trabalho de campo etnográfico entre 2018 e 2019, tendo como ponto de partida as ambivalências da arte e da cultura na transformação dos territórios. Olhamos para três territórios de Lisboa onde a relação entre a cidade e as artes se destaca: o Intendente, enquanto caso de referência de políticas públicas que transformaram um espaço decadente num espaço da moda; Marvila, enquanto antigo espaço industrial que tem passado por importantes mudanças; e a Colina de Santana, enquanto espaço projetado para o futuro, onde o património edificado, estruturas e eventos culturais e artísticos alavancam o processo de transformação. As evidências sugerem que Lisboa tem replicado o modelo urbano neoliberal predominante. Para além disso, a dinâmica social de resistência, apesar de ténue e, muitas vezes, impotente para alterar as dinâmicas hegemónicas, é uma importante força nos territórios. Os três casos apresentados permitem compreender o sentido da mudança socioterritorial, ficando clara a importância da presença de património edificado classificado, estruturas e eventos artísticos e culturais na valorização dos espaços, fomentando a sua mercantilização e contribuindo para a competitividade urbana.