Abstract Introduction. Segregated populations can exhibit fluctuating yields from one generation to the next. This can sometimes perplex plant breeders when interpreting observed phenomena and determining which selection methods to choose. Objective. To analyze the performance and yield components of several tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) populations selected through the pedigree method in lowland environments in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Materials and methods. This study was conducted from December 2018 to April 2019 at the Experimental Garden of Bogor Agricultural University, Tajur II (207 meters above sea level), Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Four generations were utilized, derived from 99D×Tora, i.e., 200 plants from the F2 generation and 100 plants each from the F3, F5, and F6 generations, respectively. Results. Population variance in terms of yield and yield components, as well as heritability, were lower in later generations compared to earlier generations. An increase in mean value was observed in the F3 generation, but decreased in the F5 and F6 generations across all observed traits. This could be attributed to fixation resulting from the elimination of epistatic genes that played a role in environmental stress. Conclusion. Pedigree selection in early generation was not suitable in lowland. It is suggested to evaluate mass selection methods or single seed descent, as these methods were able to maintain population variance into later generations.

Resumen Introducción. Las poblaciones segregadas pueden mostrar un rendimiento fluctuante de una generación a otra. Esto a veces puede confundir a los mejoradores de plantas al interpretar los fenómenos observados y determinar los métodos de selección que deben elegirse. Objetivo. Analizar el rendimiento y los componentes de rendimiento de varias poblaciones de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum), mediante el método de pedigrí en entornos de tierras bajas, Bogor, Java Occidental, Indonesia. Materiales y métodos. Este estudio se llevó a cabo de diciembre de 2018 a abril de 2019 en el Jardín Experimental de la Universidad Agrícola de Bogor, Tajur II (207 metros sobre el nivel del mar), Bogor, Java Occidental, Indonesia. Se utilizaron cuatro generaciones, obtenidas a partir de 99D×Tora, es decir, 200 plantas de la generación F2 y 100 plantas de cada una de las generaciones F3, F5 y F6, respectivamente. Resultados. La varianza de la población en cuanto al rendimiento y los componentes de rendimiento y la heredabilidad fueron menores en las generaciones posteriores en comparación con las generaciones anteriores. Se observó un aumento en el valor medio en la generación F3, pero disminuyó en las generaciones F5 y F6 en todos los caracteres observados. Esto podría ser causado por la fijación como resultado de la eliminación de genes de epistasia que desempeñaron un papel en el estrés ambiental. Conclusión. La selección de pedigrí en las primeras generaciones no fue adecuada en las tierras bajas. Se sugiere evaluar métodos masales o descendencia de una sola semilla, ya que esos métodos fueron capaces de mantener la varianza de la población hasta las generaciones posteriores.

RESUMEN En este trabajo analizamos la valoración que el alumnado universitario realiza de su trabajo de composición cooperativa durante un semestre académico. Se contemplan, entre otras, las variables de formación musical y de género. El alumnado compone una canción para un aula de Educación Primaria. Son 89 participantes, de los cuales solo 26 declaran haber estudiado música en centros especializados. Los resultados muestran que el alumnado participante se encuentra, en general, muy satisfecho con el trabajo realizado, en especial las mujeres y los estudiantes con conocimientos musicales. La implicación fue alta, y se percibe que la enculturación tonal en la población general repercute en que determinadas actividades de creatividad musical que podríamos considerar complejas pueden, mediante el trabajo colaborativo, ejercerse en contextos ajenos a los que derivan de una formación musical especializada.

ABSTRACT In this paper we analyse how university students evaluate their cooperative composition work during an academic semester. Variables such as musical training and gender, among others, are considered. The students compose a song for a primary school classroom. They were 89 participants, of whom only 26 reported having studied music at specialized schools. The results show that the participating students are, in general, very satisfied with the work carried out, especially the women and students with previous musical knowledge. The involvement was high and it is perceived that tonal enculturation in the general population has an impact on the fact that certain musical creativity activities, that we could consider complex, can be exercised through collaborative work, in contexts other than those derived from specialized musical training.

RESUMO Neste artigo analisamos a forma como os estudantes universitários avaliam o seu trabalho de composição cooperativa durante um semestre académico. São tidas em conta as variáveis de formação musical e género, entre outras. Os alunos compõem uma canção para uma sala de aula da educação básica. Participaram 89 estudantes, dos quais apenas 26 declararam ter estudado música em centros especializados. Os resultados mostram que os alunos participantes estão, em geral, muito satisfeitos com o trabalho realizado, especialmente as mulheres e os alunos com conhecimentos musicais. O envolvimento foi elevado, e percebe-se que a enculturação tonal na população em geral significa que certas atividades de criatividade musical que poderíamos considerar complexas podem, através do trabalho colaborativo, ser exercidas em contextos diferentes dos que derivam de uma formação musical especializada.

Abstract Several studies have reported a link between emotional competencies and academic achievement in higher education, and about the need to implement strategies for young university students to face educational demands. Along this line, the aim of this study was to explore the characteristics of emotional regulation that affect the academic performance of a group of university students, with the purpose of designing a psychoeducational proposal aimed at strengthening the emotional self-management of this population. For this, a diagnostic phase was carried out in which 80 university students participated, 33.8 % male and 66.2 % female, aged between 18 and 25 years (M = 21.09; SD = 1.92), to whom the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) instrument and the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (PUCE) Learning Assessment Scale were applied. The results showed the presence of difficulties in goal-orientation behaviors, as well as a significant association between academic performance and lack of emotional acceptance and clarity. With these findings, the Logical Framework methodology was used to design a proposal of seven workshops to promote the development of competencies related to emotional recognition and management, stress and anxiety management, decision making and conflict management, intrinsic motivation and self-knowledge, time management and administration.

Resumen Varios estudios han reportado una asociación entre competencias emocionales y logros académicos en educación superior, y sobre la importancia de implementar estrategias para que los jóvenes afronten las demandas educativas. En esta línea, el objetivo del presente estudio consistió en explorar las características de la competencia de regulación emocional que inciden en el rendimiento académico de un grupo de jóvenes universitarios, con la finalidad de diseñar una propuesta psicoeducativa orientada a fortalecer la autogestión emocional de esta población. Para ello, se realizó una fase diagnóstica en la que participaron ochenta estudiantes universitarios, 33,8 % de sexo masculino y 66,2 % de sexo femenino, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 25 años (M = 21,09; DE = 1,92), a quienes se les aplicó el instrumento Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) y la Escala de Valoración de Aprendizajes de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (PUCE). Los resultados mostraron la presencia de dificultades en conductas dirigidas a metas, así como una asociación significativa entre rendimiento académico y falta de aceptación y de claridad emocional. Con estos hallazgos, se empleó la metodología del Marco Lógico para diseñar una propuesta de siete talleres para fomentar el desarrollo de competencias relacionadas con reconocimiento y gestión de emociones, manejo de estrés y ansiedad, toma decisiones y manejo de conflictos, motivación intrínseca y autoconocimiento, gestión y administración del tiempo.

Resumo:A Universidade da Costa Rica (UCR) tem como um dos pilares fundamentais do seu trabalho a ação social e nela, a educação continuada. Pensando no anterior, a Escola de Engenharia Topográfica cria o projeto ED3550 Atividades de Formação e Atualização em Engenharia Topográfica. Este projeto representa a oportunidade de oferecer opções de formação e atualização sobre temas relevantes e inovadores para as populações interessadas, e assim estabelecer uma ligação com a sociedade no fortalecimento das suas competências e habilidades profissionais. Para promover atividades de formação continuada, foram implementadas estratégias de marketing digital baseadas em redes sociais, e-mails e dispositivos móveis, o que permitiu projeção nacional e internacional aos cursos e palestras que foram organizados, o que se manifestou numa ampla participação de profissionais. não só da engenharia topográfica, mas de carreiras afins como: engenharia civil, geografia, biologia, direito e engenharia ambiental, só para mencionar alguns exemplos. Apresentamos uma sistematização da experiência com base no método de cinco pontos proposto por Jara (2018), no qual uma análise quantitativa das conquistas alcançadas é realizada durante o período de 2020 a 2022. Em síntese, a conquista obtida ao longo de dois anos de implementação do projeto é creditada ao uso de meios digitais para promover as atividades do programa. Isso possibilitou uma exposição significativa a diversas comunidades, permitindo ao EIT estabelecer conexões sociais e fomentar a atualização profissional. Conclui-se então que o marketing digital contribui significativamente para o conhecimento da população alvo, o que nos permite oferecer soluções adequadas às suas necessidades formativas.

Resumen: La Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) tiene como uno de los pilares fundamentales de su quehacer la acción social y dentro de esta la educación continua. Con sustento en lo anterior, es que la Escuela de Ingeniería Topográfica (EIT) crea el proyecto ED3550 Actividades de Capacitación y Actualización en Ingeniería Topográfica. Dicho proyecto representa la oportunidad de ofrecer opciones de capacitación y actualización en temas relevantes e innovadores a las poblaciones interesadas, y con ello establecer un vínculo con la sociedad en el fortalecimiento de sus habilidades y destrezas profesionales. Para la promoción de las actividades de educación continua, se han implementado estrategias de mercadeo digital basado en redes sociales, correo electrónico y dispositivos móviles, lo cual ha permitido darle proyección nacional e internacional a los cursos y charlas que se han organizado, lo que se ha manifestado en una amplia participación de profesionales no solo de ingeniería topográfica, sino de carreras afines, tales como ingeniería civil, geografía, biología, derecho e ingeniería ambiental, por mencionar algunos ejemplos. En este estudio, se presenta una sistematización de la experiencia basada en el método de los cinco puntos propuesto por Jara (2018), en la cual se realiza un análisis cuantitativo de los logros alcanzados durante el período de 2020 a 2022. En síntesis, el éxito que se ha logrado en dos años de ejecución del proyecto es atribuido al uso de medios digitales para la divulgación de las actividades programadas, lo que ha permitido tener una exposición importante ante poblaciones diversas y le ha posibilitado a la EIT establecer un vínculo social y el fomento de actualización profesional. Se concluye, entonces, que el mercadeo digital aporta significativamente en el conocimiento de la población meta, lo que permite ofrecer soluciones adecuadas a sus necesidades de formación

Abstract: One of the fundamental pillars of the University of Costa Rica (UCR) is social action, which includes continuing education. In this sense, the School of Topographic Engineering has created the project ED3550 Training and Updating Activities in Topographic Engineering. This project is an opportunity to provide training and updating in relevant and innovative topics to those interested, and to create a link with society to strengthen professional skills and abilities. The training activities are promoted through digital marketing on social networks, e-mail and mobile devices. This has given a national and international projection to the courses and lectures organized, resulting in a wide participation of professionals not only from topographic engineering, but also from other professions such as civil engineering, geography, biology, law and environmental engineering, among others. A systematization of the experience is presented, based on the five-point method proposed by Jara (2018), in which a quantitative analysis of the achievements during the period from 2020 to 2022 is carried out. In summary, the success achieved in two years of project implementation is attributed to the use of digital media for the dissemination of program activities, which has provided an important exposure to different populations and has allowed the EIT to establish a social link and promote professional updating. It is therefore concluded that digital marketing contributes significantly to the knowledge of the target population, which makes it possible to provide adequate solutions to their training needs.

Abstract This document reviews and analyzes the challenges of inclusion in universities, taking up the perspectives of the student population. With this purpose, three spheres inhabited by part of the students of the Universidad Veracruzana are investigated: transgender identities, maternity in undergraduate students and the situation of the mental health of students in the “post-pandemic context” and the return face-to-face on campus. From these spheres of dialogue, the main challenges for the inclusion of university students with gender identities and specific life situations that disrupt their school life and academic training are posed. The objective of this article is to present the complexity involved in the dialogue between a public university in the south-southeast of Mexico and its students, in favor of inclusion and their right to education.

Resumen En este documento se hace una revisión y análisis sobre los retos de la inclusión en las universidades, retomando perspectivas de la población estudiantil. Con este propósito se indaga en tres esferas que habita parte del alumnado de la Universidad Veracruzana: identidades transgénero, maternidades en alumnas de licenciatura y la situación que guarda la salud mental de estudiantes en el “contexto postpandemia” y del regreso presencial a los campus. Desde estas esferas de interlocución, se plantean los principales retos para la inclusión del alumnado universitario con identidades de género y situaciones de vida específicas que trastocan su vida escolar y formación académica. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la complejidad que entraña el diálogo entre una universidad pública del sur sureste de México y su alumnado a favor de la inclusión y su derecho a la educación.

Resumo: O Ensino Superior em todo o mundo durante a pandemia da COVID-19 foi obrigado a repensar, atendendo à diretriz estabelecida pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) para mitigar o impacto na população. A Costa Rica não foi exceção relativamente à situação que se vivia e especificamente na Universidade de Ciências Médicas (UCIMED), que na ausência de um plano de contingência, viveu uma transição do ensino presencial para o virtual. A presente investigação se focou nos desafios vivenciados pelos docentes dos cursos de Fisioterapia e Nutrição, no período de março a junho de 2020, com a virtualização emergencial. As informações foram coletadas pelo meio de pesquisa desenvolvida no Google Forms®. Uma vez tabulado, foi analisado, interpretado e comparado entre carreiras, aplicando estatística descritiva e revisão bibliográfica para compreender a situação mundial. O estudo determinou que a didática do curso representava um grande desafio para o corpo docente; principalmente a avaliação da aprendizagem, a participação dos estudantes, o uso de ferramentas virtuais e problemas de conectividade. Ao comparar as carreiras, identificou-se que pouca formação, menos anos de experiência docente e baixa interação com plataformas virtuais foram fatores que aumentaram a percepção dos desafios. Ao enfrentá-los, enriqueceu-se a experiência docente na gestão das TIC e com ela a transformação do Ensino Superior.

Resumen: La educación superior a nivel mundial durante la pandemia COVID-19 se vio obligada a replantearse, dada la directriz establecida por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) para mitigar el impacto en la población. Costa Rica no fue la excepción respecto a la circunstancia que se vivía y, específicamente, la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas (UCIMED), ante la ausencia de un plan de contingencia, experimentó una transición de la enseñanza presencial a virtual. Debido a ello, la presente investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo y exploró los desafíos que experimentó el personal docente de las carreras de Fisioterapia y Nutrición, durante el periodo de marzo a junio del 2020, con la virtualización de emergencia. La información se recopiló a través de un cuestionario elaborado en Google Forms®; una vez tabulada, se analizó, interpretó y comparó entre carreras, apli- cando estadística descriptiva y una revisión bibliográfica para comprender la situación a nivel mundial. El estudio determinó que la didáctica del curso representó un alto desafío para el cuerpo docente; principalmente, la evaluación del aprendizaje, la participación del estudiantado, el uso de las herramientas virtuales y los problemas de conectividad. Al comparar las carreras, se identificó que la poca capacitación, la menor cantidad de años de experiencia docente y la baja interacción con plataformas virtuales, fueron factores que aumentaron la percepción de los desafíos. A partir de la confrontación de los desafíos, se enriqueció la experiencia docente en el manejo de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) y con ello la transformación de la educación superior.

Abstract: During the COVID-19 pandemic, higher education worldwide was forced to restructure itself according to guidelines established by the World Health Organization (WHO) to mitigate the impact of the pandemic on the population. Costa Rica was no exception. In the absence of a contingency plan, the University of Medical Sciences (UCIMED) underwent a transition from face-to-face to virtual teaching. This study focused on the challenges experienced by physical therapy and nutrition faculty during the period from March to June 2020, due to the emergency virtualization. The information was collected through a Google Forms® survey; once tabulated, the data was analyzed, interpreted and compared between the professions, implementing descriptive statistics and a bibliographic review to better understand the situation at a global level. The study showed that the didactics of the course was a great challenge for the teachers, mainly in terms of learning assessment, student participation, use of virtual tools and connectivity problems. When comparing professions, it was found that limited training, fewer years of teaching experience, and less interaction with virtual platforms were factors that increased the perception of challenges. Confronting the challenges enriched the teaching experience in terms of ICT management and thus the transformation of higher education.

Resumo Este artigo apresenta os resultados de um estudo de investigação sobre os fatores que influenciam o abandono escolar tardio na Escola de Obstetrícia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade da República do Uruguai. A estratégia metodológica envolveu uma abordagem mista de pesquisa, com o desenho do estudo sendo transversal e as técnicas de coleta de dados sendo uma pesquisa por telefone e entrevistas em profundidade. Este estudo foi realizado no período de 2018 a 2020, no âmbito dos Projetos de Investigação para a Melhoria da Qualidade do Ensino Universitário. Relativamente aos resultados, destaca-se que quase metade da população em situação de atraso identificou que o principal motivo foi de natureza institucional, maioritariamente associado à falta de formação em metodologia científica no currículo atual, às dificuldades decorrentes da rigidez do sistema de pré-submissão e ao elevado número de horas-aula exigido pela carreira. Considera-se que este estudo é de grande relevância institucional, uma vez que os fatores identificados conduziram à conceção e implementação de um conjunto de estratégias de apoio à progressão curricular e à conclusão do curso, ajustadas às necessidades sentidas pelos intervenientes.

Resumen En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación sobre los factores que inciden en el rezago estudiantil tardío en la Escuela de Parteras de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de la República de Uruguay. La estrategia metodológica involucró un enfoque mixto de investigación; el diseño del estudio fue de corte transversal y las técnicas de recolección de los datos, una encuesta telefónica y entrevistas en profundidad. Este estudio fue realizado en el período 2018-2020, en el marco de los Proyectos de Investigación para la Mejora de la Calidad de la Enseñanza Universitaria. Respecto a los resultados, se destaca que casi la mitad de la población en situación de rezago tardío identifica que el principal motivo fue de carácter institucional, mayoritariamente asociado a la carencia de formación en metodología científica en el plan de estudios vigente, las dificultades derivadas de la rigidez del sistema de previaturas y la elevada carga horaria presencial que exige la carrera. Se entiende que este estudio ha sido de gran relevancia institucional, debido a que los factores identificados han dado lugar al diseño e implementación de un conjunto de estrategias de apoyo al avance curricular y al egreso, ajustadas a las necesidades percibidas por sus protagonistas.

Summary This article presents the results of an investigation on the factors that influence late student lag at the School of Midwifery of the School of Medicine of the University of the Republic of Uruguay. The methodological strategy involved a mixed research approach, being the study design cross-sectional and the data collection techniques a telephone survey and in-depth interviews. This study was conducted in the period 2018 to 2020, in the framework of the so-called Research Projects for the Improvement of the Quality of University Education. Regarding the results, it is highlighted that almost half of the population in a situation of late lag identifies that the main reason was institutional in nature, mostly associated with the lack of training in scientific methodology in the current curriculum, the difficulties due to the rigidity of the approved courses required to move forward and the high face-to-face hourly load required by the career. This study is considered of great institutional relevance, since the factors identified have led to the design and implementation of a set of strategies to support curricular advancement and graduation, adjusted to the needs perceived by its protagonists.

RESUMEN La formación del profesional en psicología exige no solo conocimientos académicos, sino también equilibrio emocional, de ahí que la importancia que reviste investigar el bienestar psicológico (BP) se adscribe al interés por caracterizar las dimensiones de este desde la perspectiva de Carol Ryff. De esta manera, se planteó como objetivo describir las dimensiones del BP en universitarios de la carrera de psicología de una universidad pública de Honduras. La investigación fue cuantitativa - descriptiva, con diseño no experimental, transversal, tomando la población total bajo una muestra por conveniencia, conformada por 77 estudiantes voluntarios, matriculados en Psicología durante el primer período del 2022, utilizando la escala de BP de Ryff. Los principales hallazgos evidenciaron que el 93.5% manifestaron un nivel elevado de BP y en nivel alto el 6.5%; no se mostraron niveles moderados y bajos. En cuanto a las dimensiones, las más significativas ubicadas en nivel medio de BP fueron crecimiento personal, 87% y dominio del entorno, 86%. El 66% de hogares fueron funcionales y el 85% con creencias espirituales, los cuales pueden considerarse factores significativos frente a los resultados encontrados, concluyendo que la mayoría de la población se ubica en niveles elevados y altos de BP.

ABSTRACT Professional training in psychology requires not only academic knowledge, but also emotional balance, hence the importance of investigating psychological well-being (BP) is attached to the interest in characterizing its dimensions from Carol Ryff's perspective. In this way, the objective was to describe the dimensions of BP in university students of the psychology career of a public university in Honduras. The research was quantitative - descriptive, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design, taking the total population under a convenience sample, made up of 77 volunteer students, enrolled in Psychology during the first period of 2022, using the Ryff BP scale. The main findings showed that 93.5% had a high level of BP and 6.5% had a high level; moderate and low levels were not shown. As for the dimensions, the most significant ones located in the middle level of BP were personal growth, 87% and mastery of the environment, 86%. 66% of homes were functional and 85% with spiritual beliefs, which can be considered significant factors compared to the results found, concluding that most of the population is located at high and high levels of BP.

RESUMEN El creciente uso de la digitalización en la enseñanza superior exige el uso de diversas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs). Sin embargo, los estudios han demostrado que el uso de las TICs induce al tecnoestrés y, en ocasiones a la tecnoadiccción. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue estudiar el impacto psicológico del uso de las TICs en estudiantes universitarios de población Argentina en contexto pandemia COVID-19. El diseño metodológico fue no experimental de corte transversal bajo un estudio descriptivo, correlacional y de diferencia de grupos. La muestra estuvo constituida por 1656 estudiantes universitarios con una edad promedio de 24.69 (DE = 6.52, Mín = 18, Máx = 66; el 78.2% eran mujeres y el 21.8% eran varones). Los resultados informaron niveles de tecnoestrés entre altos y muy altos, predominantemente en mujeres que utilizaron el celular y la computadora para fines académicos. A su vez, se hallaron relaciones positivas y significativas entre la edad de los participantes, el tiempo de experiencia universitaria y la frecuencia en el uso de la computadora. Se obtuvieron correlaciones negativas y significativas entre la frecuencia del uso del celular y las dimensiones Fatiga, Escepticismo y Adicción. La frecuencia en el uso de la computadora para fines académicos correlacionó de forma positiva y significativa con las dimensiones Ansiedad, Fatiga, Escepticismo e Ineficacia. Se concluye que el impacto psicológico del uso de las TICs en estudiantes universitarios de población Argentina en contexto pandemia COVID-19 produjo modificaciones en la calidad de vida y en las actividades de la vida cotidiana del alumnado.

ABSTRACT The increasing use of digitalization in higher education requires the use of various information and communication technologies (ICTs). However, studies have shown that the use of ICTs induces techno-stress and, sometimes, techno-addiction. The main objective of this work was to study the psychological impact of the use of ICTs in university students from Argentina in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The methodological design used was non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational and group difference. The sample consisted of 1656 university students with a mean age of 24.69 (SD = 6.52, Min = 18, Max = 66; 78.2% were female and 21.8% were male). The results reported high to very high levels of technostress, predominantly in women who used cell phones and computers for academic purposes. In turn, positive and significant relationships were found between participants' age, length of university experience and frequency of computer use. Negative and significant correlations were obtained between the frequency of cell phone use and the dimensions Fatigue, Skepticism and Addiction. Finally, the frequency of computer use for academic purposes correlated positively and significantly with the dimensions Anxiety, Fatigue, Skepticism and Inefficacy. It can be concluded that the psychological impact of the use of ICTs in university students from the Argentine population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic produced modifications in the quality of life and daily life activities of the students.

INTRODUCTION: The Work Ability Screening Profile (WASP) was conceptualised and developed by occupational therapists at the University of Durban Westville to provide a basic vocational screening assessment. Its purpose was to screen competence in generic work skills which reflected performance in activities essential to workplace participation relevant to the South African context. The assessment was revised in 2005 and renamed the WASP II. It was decided this screening assessment tool would be continuously reviewed using action research with clinicians involved in the ongoing evaluation so ensure validity and reliability for the population with which it is used. This study considered the clinical evaluation, useability and utility of the WASP II in order to inform further revision. METHOD: A cross sectional survey was used to gather data from 70 occupational therapy clinicians familiar with or using the WASP II in clinical practice. RESULTS: A sample of 70 respondents indicated the WASP II was suitable to assess current work ability and production speed with a variety of clients with physical and mental health dysfunction. Ten of the 12 subtests were used by at least 40% of the time by the 28 respondents who used the WASP II frequently. These respondents reported good to adequate useability in terms of cost, sensitivity to clients' educational level and ease of understanding instructions, incorporation into clinical practice contexts while supporting clinical reasoning and judgement. The accommodation of clients' language and provision of standard scores were indicated as inadequate. Utility was considered adequate for all aspects including discrimination of moderate to severe dysfunction, informing the choice of other assessmentsas well as supporting vocational rehabilitation intervention. The WASP II outcomes were also understood by other service providers, employers, referring parties as well asclients. CONCLUSION: While the WASP II was considered appropriate for use in the South African context and has adequate useability and utility, some subtests need to be updated and revised in terms of the standard times and content validity for current practice in the work environment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The WASP II has useability • aligned with generic work skills of acquiring information or following directions numeracy, conveying information and written communication • for with those with work experience and with scholars and students yet to enter the workplace The WASP II has utility in relation to • cost and clients' educational levels • detailed instructions on the task layout but some standardisation needs to be interpreted with care • sensitivity to all aspects of assessment of generic work skills, except discrimination of mild dysfunction

ABSTRACT The research was aimed at resolving theoretical and methodological insufficiencies, related to the vocational orientation towards the Physical Culture career, in the training process of the pre-university student of the School Sports Initiation School, since the high school model in this type of centers establishes the need to achieve a solid comprehensive preparation in students, from teaching and sports training. The objective was to develop a strategy, supported by a pedagogical model, that contributes to the vocational orientation of pre-university students from the School of School Sports Initiation Schools towards the Physical Culture career. The population was made up of 102 tenth grade students and 72 teachers. Scientific methods and techniques were used such as historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, systemic-structural-functional, modeling, participant and structured observation, document analysis, evaluation by expert criteria, survey, critical opinion workshops and collective construction, in addition to mathematical-statistical methods. The foundations of the pedagogical model helped resolve the contradiction between the demands of the ideal model explicit in the Comprehensive Preparation Programs for Athletes and the limitations of teachers to develop vocational orientation towards this Career. The model and strategy were subjected to evaluation, through expert criteria and cycles of critical opinion and collective construction workshops, the results allowed confirming positive transformations in the treatment of the vocational orientation of the pre-university student towards the Physical Culture career.

RESUMEN La investigación se dirigió a resolver insuficiencias teóricas y metodológicas, relacionadas con la orientación vocacional hacia la carrera de Cultura Física, en el proceso formativo del estudiante preuniversitario de la Escuela de Iniciación Deportiva Escolar, pues el modelo de bachiller en este tipo de centros establece la necesidad de lograr una sólida preparación integral en los estudiantes, desde la formación docente y deportiva. Se planteó como objetivo elaborar una estrategia, sustentada en un modelo pedagógico, que contribuya a la orientación vocacional de los estudiantes preuniversitarios de la Escuela de Iniciación Deportiva Escolar hacia la carrera de Cultura Física. La población estuvo conformada por 102 estudiantes de décimo grado y 72 profesores. Se emplearon métodos y técnicas científicas como el histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, sistémico-estructural-funcional, modelación, observación participante y estructurada, análisis de documentos, evaluación por criterio de expertos, encuesta, talleres de opinión crítica y construcción colectiva, además de los métodos matemático-estadísticos. Los fundamentos del modelo pedagógico propiciaron resolver la contradicción entre las exigencias del modelo ideal explícito en los Programas Integrales de Preparación para el Deportista y las limitaciones de los profesores para desarrollar la orientación vocacional hacia esta Carrera. El modelo y la estrategia fueron sometidos a valoración, mediante criterio de expertos y ciclos de talleres de opinión crítica y construcción colectiva, los resultados permitieron confirmar transformaciones positivas en el tratamiento a la orientación vocacional del estudiante preuniversitario hacia la carrera de Cultura Física.

RESUMO A pesquisa teve como objetivo solucionar insuficiências teóricas e metodológicas relacionadas à orientação vocacional para uma carreira na Cultura Física, no processo formativo do aluno pré-universitário da Escola de Iniciação Esportiva Escolar, uma vez que o modelo de bacharelado nesse tipo de centro estabelece a necessidade de alcançar uma sólida preparação integral nos alunos, a partir do ensino e do treinamento esportivo. O objetivo foi elaborar uma estratégia, baseada em um modelo pedagógico, que contribuísse para a orientação vocacional dos alunos pré-universitários da Escola de Iniciação Esportiva para uma carreira na Cultura Física. A população foi composta por 102 alunos da décima série e 72 professores. Foram utilizados métodos e técnicas científicos, tais como histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético, indutivo-dedutivo, sistêmico-estrutural-funcional, modelagem, observação participante e estruturada, análise de documentos, avaliação por critérios de especialistas, pesquisa, oficinas de opinião crítica e construção coletiva, além de métodos matemático-estatísticos. Os fundamentos do modelo pedagógico ajudaram a resolver a contradição entre as exigências do modelo ideal explícito nos Programas Integrais de Preparação do Atleta e as limitações dos professores no desenvolvimento da orientação vocacional para essa carreira. O modelo e a estratégia foram submetidos à avaliação, por meio de critérios de especialistas e ciclos de oficinas de opinião crítica e construção coletiva, e os resultados permitiram confirmar transformações positivas no tratamento da orientação vocacional do aluno pré-universitário para a carreira da Cultura Física.

In the South African public healthcare sector, 28% of diabetic patients present to primary healthcare clinics with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), often presenting in advanced stages of ulcer severity. In this study, we aimed to categorise factors predisposing individuals to developing a DFU and to identify the potential shortcomings in existing treatment plans in the South African healthcare system. In addition, the use of preventative measures in the management of DFUs was examined as well as the influence of past treatment practices. A total minimum sample size of 50 DFUs was required for this study. Participants who were selected for this study had their past records reviewed in order to determine the likelihood of previous DFU infections, as well as to determine the occurrence of co-morbidities. The treatment protocol implemented was recorded. Twelve-month patient records were used to identify the infection frequency and past treatment protocols. A total of 48.9% of patients reported that they did not make use of any preventative measures. The most frequent concurrent medical conditions were hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and peripheral neuropathy. Polypharmacy was prevalent, with 55% of the population prescribed five or more medications. Potential medication interactions were examined and a total of 210 interactions were documented. An analysis of past and current treatment practices revealed that 52.1% of the treatment protocols did not comply with local treatment guidelines. This study highlights the urgent need for updated DFU treatment protocols in relation to the overall management of DFUs, taking into account existing international guidelines. SIGNIFICANCE: We determined that the South African treatment guidelines and DFU classification system do not align to international standards. Furthermore, the use of preventative measures among DFU patients was poor and polypharmacy was present in the patient cohort. We emphasise the need for all members of a healthcare team, including podiatrists, clinicians, microbiologists and pharmacists, to work together in order to identify at-risk patients, prevent possible DFUs and effectively treat existing DFUs in a manner that does not contribute to antimicrobial resistance and provides the best possible outcome for the patient.

RESUMEN Las prácticas preprofesionales resultan un pilar fundamental en la Formación Docente en Lenguas Extranjeras y constituyen el modo y momento propicio para que los docentes en formación se vinculen con su trabajo futuro, lo que supone un uso responsable, autónomo y contextuado del conocimiento adquirido; además de un alto desarrollo del pensamiento complejo, riguroso, creativo y operativo. Tomando en cuenta este precepto, se realizó una investigación para analizar el proceso de prácticas preprofesionales en la carrera de Pedagogía de los Idiomas Nacionales y Extranjeros de la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, a partir de los testimonios de los estudiantes de octavo semestre en el periodo académico 2022-1S. Dicho estudio siguió el paradigma interpretativo y el enfoque cualitativo de la investigación científica. Con el aporte del método biográfico narrativo y entrevistas en profundidad se obtuvieron las perspectivas de los participantes en cuanto al proceso en cuestión. Para el análisis de las narrativas se utilizó el Modelo de Análisis Temático. Los principales resultados reflejan posturas críticas de la población de estudio en torno al rol que juegan las prácticas preprofesionales en su formación profesional; hecho particular que permitió elucidar las bondades, limitaciones y desafíos del proceso en el contexto de estudio.

ABSTRACT Pre-professional internships are a fundamental pillar in teacher training in foreign languages and constitute the propitious way and moment for teachers in training to be linked to their future work, which implies a responsible, autonomous and contextualized use of the knowledge acquired, as well as a high development of complex, rigorous, creative and operative thinking. Taking into account this precept, a research was conducted to analyze the process of pre-professional practices in the career of Pedagogy of National and Foreign Languages at the National University of Chimborazo, based on the testimonies of eighth semester students in the academic period 2022-1S. This study followed the interpretative paradigm and the qualitative approach of scientific research. With the contribution of the biographical narrative method and in-depth interviews, the participants' perspectives on the process in question were obtained. The Thematic Analysis Model was used to analyze the narratives. The main results reflect critical positions of the study population regarding the role played by pre-professional practices in their professional training; a particular fact that allowed elucidating the benefits, limitations and challenges of the process in the study context.

RESUMEN El estilo de crianza se refiere a la manera en la cual los padres ejercen su influencia en la formación y el crecimiento del niño. Del estilo aplicado que fundamentalmente puede ser democrático, autoritario o permisivo, depende en gran medida la salud emocional de ese individuo en crecimiento. En Paraguay, tradicionalmente la figura de los padres se visualiza como el autoritario. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar la percepción social sobre estilos de crianzas de los hijos en Paraguay, en el año 2023. El diseño fue cuantitativo, descriptivo, de corte transversal, aplicado a una población de 313 personas, mediante un muestreo no probabilísticos por conveniencia, con el método de la encuesta, a través de un cuestionario difundido por las redes sociales. Entre los principales resultados se evidenció: 69% fueron mujeres; 48.2% con procedencia de Asunción y de 41.9% Central; 84% son de formación universitaria; 60.4% no tienen bajo su responsabilidad a un niño; el estilo predominante en Paraguay según los participantes fue el autoritario con 39%, seguido del permisivo con 29.1%, el democrático con 17.2% y el negligente con 14.7%. El 44.7% sufrió alguna forma de violencia como método de educación; 19.5% ha aplicado alguna forma de violencia en la crianza; 91.7% no está de acuerdo con dichas prácticas; 68.1% considera que la crianza autoritaria puede generar traumas y 83.7% que genera más miedo que respeto. Si la persona pudiese elegir el modelo predominante en Paraguay, el 77.6% optaría por un estilo democrático. Se concluye que el estilo de crianza predominante es el autoritario y que las prácticas de violencia hacia las personas son frecuentes.

ABSTRACT Parenting style refers to the way in which parents exert their influence on the formation and growth of the child. The emotional health of the growing individual depends to a great extent on the style applied, which can be democratic, authoritarian or permissive. In Paraguay, traditionally the parental figure is visualized as authoritarian. The objective of this research was to identify the social perception of parenting styles in Paraguay in the year 2023. The design was quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, applied to a population of 313 people, through a non-probabilistic sampling by convenience, with the survey method, through a questionnaire disseminated through social networks. Among the main results were: 69% were women; 48.2% were from Asunción and 41.9% from Central Paraguay; 84% had university education; 60.4% did not have a child under their responsibility; the predominant style in Paraguay according to the participants was authoritarian with 39%, followed by permissive with 29.1%, democratic with 17.2% and negligent with 14.7%. A total 44.7% suffered some form of violence as a method of education; 19.5% have applied some form of violence in upbringing; 91.7% do not agree with such practices; 68.1% consider that authoritarian upbringing can generate traumas and 83.7% that it generates more fear than respect. If a person could choose the predominant model in Paraguay, 77.6% would opt for a democratic style. It is concluded that the predominant parenting style is authoritarian and that violent practices towards people are frequent.

The experiences of mentors, tutors, and writing consultants in the execution of their roles during unprecedented times, particularly the COVID-19 pandemic, remain insufficiently explored and inadequately documented. This article, which adopts a qualitative research methodology with a specific focus on a rural-based comprehensive university in South Africa, delves into the experiences and reflections of mentors, tutors, and writing consultants in the course of their duties during the COVID-19 pandemic. We contend that providing safe spaces for mentors, tutors and writing practitioners to share their experiences on their roles not only during the pandemic should be central to all student support initiatives. This fosters a sense of reflection on their practices which in turn results in professional growth and development as reflective practitioners capable of enhancing student success in higher education. In assessing their work, data was gathered from a population comprising seventy-two selected mentors and tutors (referred to as MenTuts), as well as writing consultants affiliated with the Academic Development Unit (ADU) of the institution. Content and thematic analysis were employed to examine the data after coding. The reflections and experiences of MenTuts and writing consultants were both positive and negative. They expressed enthusiasm for their roles during the COVID-19 pandemic but also conveyed feelings of being overwhelmed by the challenges they faced. This underscores the need for exploring alternative approaches to mentoring, tutoring, and writing consultancy to enhance effective student learning and success in higher education during both present and future unprecedented times. Given the plethora of recent unprecedented events, higher education institutions in South Africa as well as in Africa should start undertaking innovative radical approaches for student support initiatives that are centred around engaging with mentors, tutors, and writing consultants to ensure that they are able to reflect on their experiences to enhance student learning.