Abstract: The Coatzacoalcos-Minatitlan highway was an important route that improved mobility and expanded access to regional motorized transportation in the southern zone of Veracruz. Also, the project was an example of the formation of a local organization, and partially independent from the rest of the state-federal bureaucracy to build works in the region: the Coatzacoalcos Central Pro-Highway Committee (CCPCC). This group took a central role in directing resources and making decisions about different communications projects in southern Veracruz. This article examines the historiographic, political, and environmental background to contextualize the construction of the Coatzacoalcos-Minatitlan highway and its neighboring roads, then studies the creation of the CCPCC, its administration and bureaucracy, and local reactions to its activities in the region.

Resumen: La carretera Coatzacoalcos-Minatitlán fue una vía importante en el proyecto para mejorar la movilidad y el acceso al transporte regional motorizado en la zona sur del estado de Veracruz, y fue un ejemplo de la formación de una organización local, y parcialmente independiente del resto de la burocracia estatal-federal, para construir obras en la región: el Comité Central Pro-Carretera de Coatzacoalcos (CCPCC). Este grupo tomó un papel central en la dirección de recursos y en la toma de decisiones sobre distintos proyectos de comunicaciones en el sur de Veracruz. Este artículo examina los antecedentes historiográficos, políticos y ambientales para contextualizar la construcción de la carretera Coatzacoalcos-Minatitlán y sus caminos vecinales, y estudia la creación del CCPCC, su administración y burocracia, y las reacciones locales ante sus actividades en la región.

Abstract: This study presents a methodology to assess the feasibility of turning a conventional road infrastructure for the circulation of motorized vehicles into a sustainable mobility system through the incorporation of bicycle lane. The methodology includes five stages developed in two key moments: the collection and definition of parameters based on a literature review and, the analysis of selected road axes according to the study parameters: roadway section, bicycle lane slope and potentially benefited population. The assessment of the road infrastructure is based on six categories ranging from 1 to 0, where 1 represents the ideal situation and 0 the limit situation. The study will be carried out on the roads connecting the peri-urban sub-centers with the urban center, with the objective of promoting the safe use of bicycles as a means of transportation in an intermediate city in the Andes of Latin America, Cuenca in Ecuador. The study of the four proposed road axes indicates which road presents the optimal conditions for the incorporation of a bicycle lane in its current conditions.

Resumen: Este estudio presenta una metodología innovadora para evaluar la viabilidad de transformar la infraestructura vial convencional en Cuenca, Ecuador, en un sistema de movilidad sostenible mediante la inclusión de carriles para bicicletas. La metodología se compone de cinco etapas distribuidas en dos momentos clave: la recopilación y definición de parámetros, basados en una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva, y el análisis de ejes viales seleccionados de acuerdo con los parámetros de estudio: sección de la calzada, pendiente de ciclovía y población potencialmente beneficiada. La valoración de la infraestructura vial se basa en una escala de seis categorías dende 1 representa la situación ideal y 0 la situación límite. Esta investigación se centra en las vías que conectan los subcentros periurbanos con el centro urbano, con el objetivo de fomentar el uso seguro de la bicicleta como medio de transporte en una ciudad intermedia de los Andes de América Latina, Cuenca en Ecuador. El análisis de los cuatro ejes viales propuestos revela la vía con las condiciones óptimas para la incorporación de una ciclovía en su estado actual.

Abstract The physical and virtual infrastructure are important aspects to evaluate in organizations, since, if not, there could be deficiencies in operations, non-functional equipment and furniture, poor control of data and electronic resources, poor technological adaptability, to mention a few. Even more so, in an era of increasing remote work, technological dependence and demand for adequate conditions in the work area. The objective is to design and validate an instrument that collects information related to the perception of infrastructure in an organization, under a quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational, non-exploratory and descriptive approach. The methodology was: panel of experts validated the content; second, factor analysis validated the construct, using the KMO test (Kaiser Meyer Olkin) and Bartlett's sphericity; third, the reliability of the instrument was obtained with Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. The result, after applying the pilot test to 58 individuals was: KMO 0.738; Bartlett's sphericity 0.000; Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of 0.942 for the complete instrument. Finally, the findings and conclusions are the increase of four dimensions proposed by ISO to six, with their respective Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, called: information processors (0.882); cybersecurity and telecommunications (0.887); electronic devices, internet service and transportation (0.865); physical and virtual space (0.809); information exchange and storage (0.724); ergonomics and ventilation in the workspace (0.861). The main contribution is an instrument with scientific rigor, relevant for general use in the academic community and any productive sector.

Resumo As infra-estruturas físicas e virtuais são aspectos importantes a avaliar nas organizações, pois, caso não o façam, podem surgir deficiências nas operações, nos equipamentos e no mobiliário não funcional, bem como um mau controlo dos dados e dos recursos electrónicos e uma fraca adaptabilidade tecnológica, entre outros. . Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é projetar e validar um instrumento que colete informações relacionadas à percepção de infraestrutura em uma organização. Para isso, utilizou-se uma abordagem quantitativa, transversal, correlacional, não exploratória e descritiva. A metodologia consistiu em um painel de especialistas que validou o conteúdo, bem como uma análise fatorial que validou o construto por meio do teste KMO (Kaiser Meyer Olkin) e esfericidade de Bartlett. Além disso, a confiabilidade do instrumento foi obtida por meio do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Após aplicação do teste piloto em 58 indivíduos, o resultado foi o seguinte: KMO 0,738, esfericidade de Bartlett 0,000 e coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,942 para o instrumento completo. Por fim, os resultados permitiram determinar o aumento de quatro para seis dimensões propostas pela ISO com seus respectivos coeficientes alfa de Cronbach, denominados processadores de informação (0,882); cibersegurança e telecomunicações (0,887); aparelhos eletrônicos, serviço de internet e transporte (0,865); espaço físico e virtual (0,809); troca e armazenamento de informações (0,724); ergonomia e ventilação no ambiente de trabalho (0,861). Em resumo, a principal contribuição é um instrumento relevante e com rigor científico para uso geral na comunidade acadêmica e em qualquer setor produtivo.

Resumen La infraestructura física y virtual son aspectos importantes por evaluar en las organizaciones, ya que, en caso de no hacerlo, pueden surgir deficiencias en las operaciones, el equipo y el mobiliario no funcional, así como escaso control de datos y recursos electrónicos y poca adaptabilidad tecnológica, entre otros. Por eso, el objetivo de este trabajo es diseñar y validar un instrumento que recolecte información relacionada con la percepción sobre infraestructura en una organización. Para ello, se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, transversal, correlacional, no exploratorio y descriptivo. La metodológica consistió en un panel de expertos que validó el contenido, así como en un análisis factorial que validó el constructo usando la prueba KMO (Kaiser Meyer Olkin) y la esfericidad de Bartlett. Además, con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach se obtuvo la confiabilidad del instrumento. Después de aplicar la prueba piloto a 58 individuos, el resultado fue el siguiente: KMO 0.738, esfericidad de Bartlett 0.000 y coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0.942 para el instrumento completo. Finalmente, los hallazgos permitieron determinar el incremento de cuatro a seis dimensiones propuestas por ISO con su respectivo coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, denominadas procesadores de información (0.882); ciberseguridad y telecomunicaciones (0.887); dispositivos electrónicos, servicio de internet y transporte (0.865); espacio físico y virtual (0.809); intercambio y almacenamiento de información (0.724); ergonomía y ventilación en el espacio de trabajo (0.861). En síntesis, la principal contribución es un instrumento pertinente y con rigor científico para el uso general en la comunidad académica y cualquier sector productivo.

The need for sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources is very important if future generations are to be spared of the misdoings of past generations. Climate change, environmental pollution, radiation pollution, and altering of the balanced ecology of the green planet earth is now a significant challenge, because if not mitigated, some island nations will disappear in the future, due to human activities energized by unsustainable fossil fuels. Based on these facts, Germany has taken concrete and important steps to stem the tide of this ill wind by embracing the Green Hydrogen system. This is more obvious in the transport system that produces more than 40% of Green House Gases in Europe. Because Germany is an industrialized European nation, the government has introduced Green Hydrogen for transportation in accordance with European Union energy policy. Therefore, this paper provides a clear, concise analysis and implementation of Green Hydrogen energy in the smart energy system. The paper presents Green Hydrogen analysis in transportation in four sections, namely, Geographical, Chemical, social, and economic aspects, respectively. The last section of this paper is the discussion of results from cost/feasibility analysis, which shows that although the expected or forecasted GH cost is US$7.11per kg from 2020 to 2050, the current growth in the green hydrogen infrastructure and technology, reduced the overall cost of GH in 2020 to $1.60/kg. An erudite conclusion and recommendations are made at the end of this research.

ABSTRACT: The road system is the main mode used for the transportation of agricultural cargo, and in some cases, it is the only option for handling this type of product. This dependence means that the implementation of tools to support the management of logistical costs can reduce the financial impact with the transport felt by the economic agents operating in the soybean chain. This study contributed to a better understanding of the variables that make up the cost of road freight, generating a system of road freight prediction from a multiple linear regression model using the selection of variables Stepwise, Forward, and Backward elimination. This being said, this research intends to evaluate whether the behavior of soybean road freight is influenced by the variables that make up the productive, economic, and infrastructure dimensions in price formation. The regression models had an explanatory power of 87.20%. In the infrastructure dimension, the most impact variable in soybean road freight was the distance traveled; in the economic dimension, the variables of inflation and fuel price stood out; while in the productive dimension, the main contribution was the volume of production. A more assertive predictability of logistical costs and better understanding of the dynamics of freight price formation helps industry agents in planning and decision-making. Another contribution of this study is that it can be used as a practical tool for predicting soybean road freight on several transportation routes. ABSTRACT cargo cases product chain Stepwise Forward elimination said 8720 87 20 87.20% dimension traveled out production decisionmaking. decisionmaking decision making. making decision-making routes 872 8 2 87.20 87.2 87.

RESUMO: O sistema rodoviário é o principal modal utilizado para o transporte de cargas agrícolas, e em alguns casos, é a única opção para movimentação desse tipo de produto. Esta dependência faz com que a implementação de ferramentas para apoiar a gestão dos custos logísticos possa reduzir o impacto financeiro com o transporte sentido pelos agentes econômicos que atuam na cadeia da soja. O presente trabalho visa contribuir para um melhor entendimento das variáveis que compõem o custo dos fretes rodoviários, gerando um sistema de previsão de fretes rodoviários a partir de um modelo de regressão linear múltipla usando a seleção de variáveis Stepwise, Forward e a eliminação Backward. Isto posto, a pesquisa tem por objetivo avaliar se o comportamento do frete rodoviário da soja é influenciado pelas variáveis que compõem as dimensões produtivas, econômicas e de infraestrutura na formação do preço. Os modelos de regressão tiveram um poder explicativo de 87,20%. Na dimensão infraestrutura o destaque foi a variável distância percorrida como a mais impactante no frete rodoviário da soja, na dimensão econômica as variáveis inflação e preço do combustível, enquanto que na dimensão produtiva a principal contribuição foi o volume de produção. A previsibilidade mais assertiva dos custos logísticos e melhor compreensão da dinâmica de formação do preço do frete auxilia os agentes do setor no planejamento e na tomada de decisão. Outra contribuição deste trabalho é que pode ser usado como uma ferramenta prática para a predição de fretes rodoviários da soja em diversas rotas de transporte. RESUMO agrícolas casos produto Stepwise Backward posto produtivas 8720 87 20 87,20% combustível produção decisão 872 8 2 87,20 87,2 87,

Resumo Este artigo busca compreender os gargalos da política de transporte público coletivo (TPC) de Belo Horizonte, quando comparada às de outras capitais, em especial, ao caso do município de Curitiba-PR. Para tanto, foi escolhido o IMUS (Índice de Mobilidade Urbana Sustentável), desenvolvido por Costa (2008), ferramenta de suporte à elaboração de políticas públicas. O índice é composto por 87 indicadores, os quais podem ser utilizados em sua totalidade ou parcialmente, a depender do foco da análise. Nesta pesquisa, focada no transporte público, foram selecionados 22 indicadores diretamente ligados ao tema. Foi realizada uma análise comparativa entre os resultados obtidos para Belo Horizonte e aqueles obtidos por outras capitais brasileiras. Os resultados apontaram desempenho insatisfatório de Belo Horizonte, decorrente principalmente das notas negativas dos indicadores relacionados ao financiamento do sistema e à provisão de infraestrutura pelo poder público. Como conclusões, o estudo sugere o aprimoramento dos mecanismos de financiamento do TPC, bem como maiores investimentos na infraestrutura urbana, além de sugerir a realização de estudos complementares de viés qualitativo. TPC (TPC especial CuritibaPR. CuritibaPR Curitiba PR. PR Curitiba-PR tanto Índice Sustentável, Sustentável , Sustentável) 2008, 2008 (2008) públicas 8 parcialmente pesquisa 2 tema brasileiras conclusões urbana qualitativo 200 (2008 20 (200 (20 (2 (

Abstract This paper aims to understand what are the main weaknesses of the public transportation policy of Belo Horizonte when compared to the policy adopted by other capital cities, with a special focus on the city of Curitiba-PR. To do so, we chose the IMUS (Sustainable Urban Mobility Index), developed by Costa (2008), a support tool for public policy development. The index includes 87 indicators, which can be applied only partially depending on the focus of analysis. Since the focus of this research is public transportation, only 22 indicators directly related to the topic were calculated. In addition, a comparative analysis was performed between the results obtained by other Brazilian capitals. The results obtained by applying the index pointed to an unsatisfactory performance achieved by the Municipality, resulting mainly from the negative scores achieved by indicators related to the form of financing of the system and the provision of infrastructure by the public authority. As conclusions, the study suggests the improvement of financing mechanisms for public transportation, as well as greater investment in urban infrastructure and further qualitative studies. cities CuritibaPR. CuritibaPR Curitiba PR. PR Curitiba-PR so Sustainable Index, Index , Index) 2008, 2008 (2008) development 8 2 calculated addition capitals Municipality authority conclusions studies 200 (2008 20 (200 (20 (2 (

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate perspectives of people with disabilities in Brazil regarding the access to primary healthcare. METHODS In-depth interviews were conducted with 44 individuals with disabilities in Pernambuco, Distrito Federal, and São Paulo between March 2020 and November 2021. These interviews were transcribed, coded, and analysed thematically, using the Levesque framework to identify healthcare access barriers. RESULTS Participants expressed a solid understanding of their healthcare needs and existing obstacles. However, individuals with hearing and visual impairments experience challenges because of communication barriers. In Pernambuco, the Community Health Agent was often the initial point of contact for primary care services. Public transportation lacked accessibility, from buses to driver attitudes, posing difficulties for people with disabilities. More accessible transportation and improved urban infrastructure could enhance service access. High medication costs were reported due to limited healthcare unit availability. Communication accessibility issues, inadequate audio-visual resources and equipment were also identified as barriers. Attitudinal barriers among healthcare professionals and subpar home visit services further hinder access. CONCLUSION To address these challenges and improve the well-being of individuals with disabilities in Brazil, comprehensive action is essential. This includes leadership, governance, and resource allocation reforms to meet healthcare needs. Initiatives like disability-focused training for service providers, enhanced transportation options, improved information accessibility, and increased support from community healthcare workers can collectively enhance the lives of people with disabilities. Indepth depth 4 Pernambuco Federal 202 2021 transcribed coded thematically obstacles However attitudes availability issues audiovisual audio wellbeing well being essential leadership governance disabilityfocused disability focused providers options 20 2

Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) has experienced rapid development in area-specific applications, including smart transportation systems, healthcare, industries, and smart agriculture, to enhance socio-economic development over the past few years. This IoT system includes different actuators, interconnected sensors, and network-enabled devices that exchange various data through private networks and the Internet infrastructure. The intrusion detection system (IDS) is deployed with preventive security mechanisms, namely access control and authentication. The usual behaviors of the mechanism distinguish malicious and normal activities based on specific patterns or rules of IDSs. Therefore, this article focuses on developing IDS using Double Adaptive Weighting Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm with Deep Learning (DAWAOA-DL) approach in the IoT environment. The DAWAOA-DL methodology's objective is to recognise and classify intrusions in the IoT platform accurately. To execute this, the presented DAWAOA-DL approach involves the design of the DAWAOA technique for the feature selection procedure. Next, the convolutional neural network-gated recurrent unit (CNN-GRU) technique is used for the intrusion detection task. Finally, the Adam optimizer is exploited as a hyperparameter optimizer of the CNN-GRU methodology. A series of simulations were performed on the BoT-IoT dataset to exhibit the effectual detection performance of the DAWAOA-DL method. A widespread experimental validation demonstrated the betterment of the DAWAOA-DL method over other recent models under several metrics. (IoT areaspecific area applications systems healthcare industries agriculture socioeconomic socio economic years actuators sensors networkenabled network enabled infrastructure (IDS mechanisms authentication IDSs Therefore DAWAOADL DL (DAWAOA-DL environment methodologys methodology s accurately procedure Next networkgated gated CNNGRU CNN GRU (CNN-GRU task Finally BoTIoT BoT metrics

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate perspectives of people with disabilities in Brazil regarding the access to primary healthcare. METHODS In-depth interviews were conducted with 44 individuals with disabilities in Pernambuco, Distrito Federal, and São Paulo between March 2020 and November 2021. These interviews were transcribed, coded, and analysed thematically, using the Levesque framework to identify healthcare access barriers. RESULTS Participants expressed a solid understanding of their healthcare needs and existing obstacles. However, individuals with hearing and visual impairments experience challenges because of communication barriers. In Pernambuco, the Community Health Agent was often the initial point of contact for primary care services. Public transportation lacked accessibility, from buses to driver attitudes, posing difficulties for people with disabilities. More accessible transportation and improved urban infrastructure could enhance service access. High medication costs were reported due to limited healthcare unit availability. Communication accessibility issues, inadequate audio-visual resources and equipment were also identified as barriers. Attitudinal barriers among healthcare professionals and subpar home visit services further hinder access. CONCLUSION To address these challenges and improve the well-being of individuals with disabilities in Brazil, comprehensive action is essential. This includes leadership, governance, and resource allocation reforms to meet healthcare needs. Initiatives like disability-focused training for service providers, enhanced transportation options, improved information accessibility, and increased support from community healthcare workers can collectively enhance the lives of people with disabilities.

Abstract Effective freight transportation planning through different modes drives countries economic growth by ensuring the delivery of goods safely and sustainably. This article provides a systematic literature review focused on intermodal transport tactical planning, addressing logistical technical factors for efficient transportation modes management in cargo delivery. The methodology is based on the research questions definition, search process, and article selection criteria, exploring the network structures evolution to verify technical factors influencing network structures, including mode combinations, geographical distribution, and mathematical models’ decision variables and constraints. According to the research question proposed, the most relevant technical factors for intermodal planning network structures are flow cargo, transport modal activation, flow conservation, delivery time, and vehicle management, generally found in countries with extensive road infrastructure and a high modal integration capacity, as China, Europe, and USA. Considering the decision variables and constraints, flow conservation is a common element observed in intermodal transport mathematical models. Thus, a balance between transportation costs and transportation modes utilization was verified, and insights into the relation between technical logistics factors application and network structures for cargo delivery efficiency were revealed. Finally, the systematic literature review contributes to understanding the main intermodal transportation planning evolving landscape, offering valuable insights for future research and practical implementations. sustainably definition process criteria combinations distribution models constraints proposed activation time capacity China Europe USA Thus verified revealed Finally landscape implementations

BACKGROUND: The breast cancer burden on the South African healthcare system is severe, with rural South African women often diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease. South Africa's rural areas are classified as low-resource settings with limited medical services and infrastructure. The impact of breast cancer on rural communities in South Africa requires ongoing research to better understand the severity of this disease among one of the most vulnerable populations. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the barriers and enablers of breast cancer screening among rural South African women. METHOD: An exploratory qualitative study was utilised. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 22 rural South African women. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. This study utilised the care-seeking behaviour theory as its theoretical framework RESULTS: Participants identified many barriers to breast cancer screening, including individual affordability, transportation, rural services, infrastructure, health professional behaviour, and the lack of educational materials. Several factors are suggested to enable the screening of breast cancer in rural South Africa, including breast cancer campaigns, health education, the involvement of key stakeholders, and promotional materials. CONCLUSION: Despite the many barriers to breast cancer screening among rural South African women, there is still hope in implementing the various promotional tools outlined in this study and ensuring that breast self-examination is an alternative, affordable screening method. CONTRIBUTION: The purpose of this article is to contribute to the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3, which focusses reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases, including cancer.

BACKGROUND: As urban populations rapidly expand across sub-Saharan Africa, promoting sustainable and efficient transportation systems is imperative for fostering economic growth and social inclusion by enhancing mobility and accessibility. OBJECTIVES: This study examines the travel mode choices and factors influencing the use of these modes among residents of Lusaka, Zambia, for their work or school trips. METHOD: A household survey ascertained mode choice, trip characteristics, and transportation challenges experienced. Descriptive, contingency table, and post hoc analyses explored relationships between mode and associated factors. RESULTS: Public buses emerged as the predominant mode for work/school trips, followed by walking and private cars, highlighting public transit's and non-motorised transport's importance. However, travel behaviour varied significantly by residential density. High-density areas favoured public transit and walking, while low-density areas promoted greater private vehicle use, highlighting the influence of urban form on mode choice. Key mode choice factors included travel time, fares and safety, though environmental concerns had lesser impact. Crucially, socio-economic and demographic characteristics like age, gender, income, education, employment, car ownership, trip purpose, household composition, presence of children, and destination accessibility significantly influenced mode choices, revealing the complex interplay shaping mobility patterns. CONCLUSION: Findings underscore the need for policy interventions investing in public transportation infrastructure, enhancing pedestrian and cycling facilities, and prioritising walkability in urban planning to encourage sustainable transportation behaviours. CONTRIBUTION: This study contributes to the discourse on urban sustainability by highlighting the importance of integrating social, economic, and environmental considerations into transportation planning and policymaking processes.

BACKGROUND: In today's interconnected global economy, logistics and supply chain management are pivotal in facilitating the movement of goods and services across regions. Supply chains have become increasingly complex, involving multiple stakeholders, diverse transportation modes, and intricate global networks. The efficient management of these supply chains has emerged as a critical determinant of competitiveness and economic growth for businesses and nations. OBJECTIVES: The study aims to analyse the level of intermodal connectivity and how it enhances the functionality of a regional logistics hub using Namibia as a case study. METHOD: The research study adopted a mixed-method design, collecting data through interviews, questionnaires, and documentary analysis to examine intermodal connectivity and its impact on the functionality of the Namibian regional logistics hub RESULTS: The study's key findings reveal a fragmented railway system and a significant reliance on road transportation within the Namibian transport system. The level of intermodality is found to be low, indicating limited connectivity and integration between different modes of transport in Namibia. CONCLUSION: The study highlights the need to address the fragmentation within the railway system, reduce the heavy reliance on road transportation, and improve intermodal connectivity to enhance the functionality and efficiency of the Namibian transport system CONTRIBUTION: This research contributes to the existing knowledge of transportation and logistics hubs within the Namibian context. By exploring the role of intermodal connectivity, the study builds upon the theoretical frameworks of transport geography, logistics management, and infrastructure planning.

ORIENTATION: This research explores the vital role of transport logistics in the economic development of nations, with a specific focus on the Republic of Kazakhstan. It addresses the urgency of resolving transport logistics issues for the efficient functioning of the transport system, a key indicator of economic development in the modern market context. RESEARCH PURPOSE: The research aims to analyse the unique aspects of transport logistics infrastructure development in Kazakhstan's current system, seeking theoretical insights into optimising efficiency of transportation modes amid the dynamic global economic landscape and ongoing changes in the nation's transport system. MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: Motivated by the essential role a well-functioning transport system plays in economic development, this research seeks innovative solutions to elevate the quality of Kazakhstan's transport system, contributing to its economic growth. RESEARCH DESIGN, APPROACH AND METHOD: Research analyses global transport logistics development and unique features in Kazakhstan, using systematic analysis to identify optimal improvement opportunities. MAIN FINDINGS: The study underscores the substantial importance of transport logistics infrastructure to Kazakhstan's economic well-being, emphasising the need for strategic measures to enhance the effective functioning of the transport logistics system PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: The results offer actionable insights for professionals within the transport system of Kazakhstan, guiding them in finding optimal solutions to improve the functionality of the logical transport infrastructure and contributing to the economic advancement of the nation. CONTRIBUTION AND VALUE-ADD: This research emphasises the critical role of transport logistics in economic development, providing valuable insights and recommendations for optimising the transport system in Kazakhstan.

Abstract Many capital cities are expanding bicycle lanes or investing in public bike-sharing systems to make cycling mobility a viable transport solution within urban areas. While bicycles are fit for short-distance trips (<15 minutes), their attractiveness declines for longer trips (Ton et al., 2020; Handy et al., 2014; Jäppinen et al., 2013). So, it is opportune to estimate to what extent the accessibility can be increased when intermodal solutions are available. In this paper, a quantitative analysis of different mobility scenarios is conducted. The aim is to evaluate how time travel and accessibility to amenities by bike, can be improved if public transportation such, as the train, is considered. The analysis uses open data and detailed GIS-based network analysis to examine the spatial relationship between transport opportunities, travel time and amenities access in Lisbon, Portugal. Three mobility scenarios are considered: in the first scenario, short-distance trips by bike from home are evaluated (15- minute travel). Then, to evaluate the contribution in time travel of potential modal shift (bike and train) vs individual car, second and third scenarios are presented considering longer distance travels within the city of Lisbon, during peak hours. Results suggest that for longer trips, the combined use of bicycle and train infrastructure can be a faster or more convenient alternative to individual car use. Also, multimodal cycling can expand riders’ area of influence and thus increase the accessibility to opportunities. So, people living near train stations can beneficiate from a “potential” proximity to a diversity of amenities that are geographically more distant. In Lisbon, 34% of the population live within the 10-minute bicycle catchment areas around the 8 train stations from Cintura Line and can thus benefit from this combination of transport modes. City planners can use this methodology to prioritize spaces where investing in accessibility can have the largest impact in terms of improving connections between homes and destinations. This methodology, developed and tested in Lisbon, can be applied in other cities to support planning interventions regarding sustainable transport alternatives.