Abstract Mortars’ workability results from other properties, such as consistency, plasticity, cohesion, water retention, exudation, initial adhesion and density. A workable mortar distributes itself in application, doesn’t segregate during transport, and remains plastic during the application time. This property depends on several application factors, together with the constituent materials. Therefore, this study aims to assess the influence of the formulation, aggregate type and water content on rheological behavior of rendering mortars, combined with particle packing studies. For this purpose, three usual mortar formulations were chosen. The minimum water content was calculated through the concepts of particle packing and the squeeze flow test. As a result, the influence of each constituent on the workability of the mortar was determined, together with the formulations optimized by the aggregate type. The water content analysis revealed the wet packing density and minimum value required for the formation of the water film around the particles. Mortars properties consistency plasticity cohesion retention exudation doesnt doesn t transport time factors materials Therefore formulation mortars studies purpose chosen test result determined particles

Resumo A trabalhabilidade das argamassas resulta de outras propriedades, como consistência, plasticidade, coesão, retenção de água, exsudação, adesão inicial e densidade. Uma argamassa trabalhável distribui-se durante a aplicação, não segrega durante o transporte e permanece plástica durante o tempo de aplicação. Esta propriedade depende de vários fatores de aplicação, juntamente com os materiais constituintes. Portanto, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a influência da formulação, do tipo de agregado e do teor de água no comportamento reológico de argamassas de reboco, aliado a estudos de empacotamento de partículas. Para tanto, foram escolhidas três formulações de argamassas usuais. O teor mínimo de água foi calculado através dos conceitos de empacotamento de partículas e teste de squeeze flow. Como resultado, foi determinada a influência de cada constituinte na trabalhabilidade da argamassa, juntamente com as formulações otimizadas pelo tipo de agregado. A análise do teor de água revelou a densidade de empacotamento úmido e o valor mínimo necessário para a formação do filme de água ao redor das partículas. propriedades consistência plasticidade coesão exsudação distribuise distribui se aplicação constituintes Portanto formulação reboco tanto usuais flow resultado

Abstract: The integration of electric mobility is real nowadays. Government policies increasingly focus on encouraging the use of electric vehicles (EVs); particularly, replacing conventional public mobility with electric buses. An adequate energy management of electric bus systems must optimize resource usage, and extend the lifespan of transport units and charging stations, while providing quality service to users. The performance of the EV transport system depends on various deterministic and stochastic variables that need to be accurately simulated to analyze its behavior as closely as possible to real conditions. In this study, a model for the energy analysis of EVs has been implemented, by using the software SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility) and applying it to public transport routes in Quito, Ecuador. Through the executed simulations, energy consumption has been estimated and, a sensitivity analysis of the energy consumption of electric bus units to the variations in relevant parameters in the energy management of public transport systems, has been carried out. The impact of certain parameters on energy consumption has been verified, by indicating a significant decrease in the autonomy of EVs on the simulated route under very similar to reality operating conditions. For study case, autonomy reduction of electric bus is around 27% in comparison with manufacturer's specifications. The analysis of energy performance under various traffic scenarios will allow future optimizations of the electric public transport system operation, since traffic levels, variable traffic flow, and pronounced changes in terrain elevation, are considered.

Resumen: La integración de la movilidad eléctrica es una realidad en el mundo actual, las políticas gubernamentales se enfocan cada vez más en incentivar el uso de vehículos eléctricos (VE) particulares, pero, principalmente en reemplazar la movilidad pública convencional por el uso de buses eléctricos. Una adecuada gestión energética de los sistemas de buses eléctricos debe optimizar el uso de recursos, prolongando la vida útil de las unidades de transporte, estaciones de carga y brindando siempre un servicio de calidad a sus usuarios. El desempeño del sistema de transporte mediante VE depende de diversas variables determinísticas y estocásticas que necesitan ser debidamente simuladas a fin de analizar su comportamiento, lo más cercano a las condiciones reales. En el presente trabajo, mediante la aplicación del software SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility), se ha implementado un modelo para el análisis energético de VE y se lo ha aplicado en rutas de transporte público en Quito-Ecuador. A partir de las simulaciones realizadas se ha estimado el consumo energético y se ha efectuado un análisis de sensibilidad del consumo energético de las unidades de buses eléctricos ante variaciones de parámetros relevantes en la gestión energética de sistemas de transporte público. Para el caso de estudio se comprueba la reducción de la autonomía del bus eléctrico en 27% de acuerdo con la información del fabricante. El análisis del desempeño energético realizado bajo diversos escenarios de tráfico permitirá en futuros trabajos optimizar la operación de los sistemas de transporte público eléctrico, considerando niveles de tráfico, flujo vehicular variable y pronunciados desniveles en su relieve.

Abstract: The Port of Veracruz, Mexico was artificially built at the beginning of the 21st century, dredging the sea floor and removing reefs to allow the entry of large ships, which led to a growth in the traffic of goods and people through it, making it the largest commercial port in all of Mexico. In 1992 the Government of Mexico decreed the area of coastal reefs near the Port of Veracruz as a protected natural area with the name of the Parque Nacional Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano (PSNSAV). In 2013, with the demand of international trade, the decision was made to expand the port, generating job growth in the area and an increase in the flow of containers and automobiles, also have a greater capacity to transport cereals, minerals and fuels. In contrast to the disagreements of the society due to the loss of protected space, the Parks polygon had to be modified. This work try to demonstrated that the construction of the port expansion began previous the presentation to the environmental authorities of the Environmental Impact Statement and the change in the protected limits with the disappearance of the Punta Gorda reefs and the dredging of Vergara Bay for the arrival of deep draft vessels. Through a systematic mapping of the scientific literature combined with satellite mapping and visual interpretation of images, and documentary analysis, we determined the damage to the reef system, which has protected species according to Mexican national regulations.

Resumen: El Puerto de Veracruz, México fue construido de manera artificial a principios del siglo XXI, dragando el suelo marino y removiendo arrecifes para permitir la entrada de buques de gran tamaño, lo que conllevó a un crecimiento en el tráfico de mercancías y personas a través de él y convirtiéndolo en el mayor puerto comercial de todo México. En 1992 el Gobierno de México decretó en la zona de arrecifes litorales cercanos al Puerto de Veracruz como un área natural protegida con el nombre de Parque Nacional Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano (PSNSAV). En 2013, con la demanda del comercio internacional, se tomó la decisión de ampliar el puerto, generando un incremento de empleo en la zona y un aumento del flujo de contenedores y automóviles, además de tener una mayor capacidad para transportar cereales, minerales y combustibles. Frente a las disconformidades de la sociedad por la pérdida de espacio protegido, el polígono de Parques tuvo que ser modificado. Con este trabajo se demuestra que la construcción de la ampliación del puerto se inició previa autorización de las autoridades ambientales de la Manifestación de Impacto Ambiental y el cambio en los límites protegidos, lo dicho tuvo inicio con la desaparición de los arrecifes de Punta Gorda y el dragado de la Bahía de Vergara para el arribo de buques de gran calado. A través de un mapeo sistemático de la literatura científica combinado con mapeo satelital e interpretación visual de imágenes, así como el análisis documental, se determinó el daño al sistema de arrecife, el cual cuenta con especies protegidas de acuerdo a la normatividad nacional mexicana.

ABSTRACT In the design of pipelines for the transport of fluids, different equations are used to determine the friction factor in laminar and turbulent regimes. However, it is possible that there are important variations of the different parameters involved in the physical phenomenon, which significantly change the laminar flow regime to turbulent or vice versa. Therefore, it is practical to have unified expressions that are applicable regardless of the flow pattern. In this order of ideas, over time some researchers have proposed formulations for this purpose, however, it is absolutely necessary to validate, especially the modern equations, in order to establish the accuracy and, therefore, the reliability of the results that each expression provides.

RESUMEN En el diseño de conducciones para el transporte de fluidos se emplean diferentes ecuaciones para determinar el factor de fricción en régimen laminar y turbulento, ahora bien, es posible que existan variaciones importantes de los diferentes parámetros inmersos en el fenómeno físico, que cambien significativamente el régimen de flujo laminar hacia turbulento o viceversa. Por lo anterior, resulta práctico contar con expresiones unificadas que sean aplicables sin importar el patrón del flujo. En este orden de ideas, a través del tiempo algunos investigadores han propuesto formulaciones para tal fin, sin embargo, resulta totalmente necesario validar, sobre todo, las ecuaciones modernas, con el objetivo de establecer la precisión y, por consiguiente, la confiabilidad de los resultados que cada expresión proporciona.

Resumo O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar e analisar a resposta de crescimento e nutrição mineral de mudas de pinheiro-manso (Pinus pinea L.), uma espécie florestal economicamente importante. Analisamos os efeitos da salinidade na cinética de crescimento, desenvolvimento e absorção de nutrientes de plantas cultivadas sob condições controladas em substrato orgânico sólido. As plantas de P. pinea foram capazes de tolerar a concentração de 25 mM de NaCl sem redução do crescimento em comparação com o controle não salino. No entanto, a concentração de sal de 50 mM afetou significativamente o crescimento das plântulas após duas semanas de tratamento. A atividade de crescimento das raízes foi mais reduzida do que as partes aéreas nas concentrações de NaCl aplicadas. Por outro lado, as plântulas restringiram o transporte de íons Na+ para a parte aérea e foram fortemente seletivas em favor dos íons K+. A presença de NaCl no meio de cultura diminuiu a taxa de absorção e a exportação de íons K+ e Na+ para as partes aéreas. Isso se refletiu na forma de acúmulo desses dois íons em toda a planta.

Abstract The aim of the present work was to evaluate and analyze the growth and mineral nutrition response of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) seedlings, an economically important forest species. We analyzed the salinity effects on the kinetics of growth, development, and absorption of nutrients of plants cultivated under controlled conditions on a solid organic substrate. Pinus pinea plants were able to tolerate 25 mM NaCl concentration without reduced growth compared to the non-saline control. However, the salt concentration of 50 mM significantly affected the seedling growth after two weeks of treatment. Root growth activity was decreased more than the aerial parts at applied NaCl concentrations. On the other hand, seedlings restricted the transport of Na+ ions to the aerial parts and were strongly selective in favour of K+ ions. The presence of NaCl in the culture medium decreased the absorption rate and the export of K+ and Na+ ions to the aerial parts. This was reflected in the accumulation way of these two ions in the whole plant.

Abstract Paraquat (1,1’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridyl dichloride) is an herbicide widely used worldwide and officially banned in Brazil in 2020. Kidney lesions frequently occur, leading to acute kidney injury (AKI) due to exacerbated reactive O2 species (ROS) production. However, the consequences of ROS exposure on ionic transport and the regulator local renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) still need to be elucidated at a molecular level. This study evaluated how ROS acutely influences Na+-transporting ATPases and the renal RAAS. Adult male Wistar rats received paraquat (20 mg/kg; ip). After 24 h, we observed body weight loss and elevation of urinary flow and serum creatinine. In the renal cortex, paraquat increased ROS levels, NADPH oxidase and (Na++K+)ATPase activities, angiotensin II-type 1 receptors, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6. In the medulla, paraquat increased ROS levels and NADPH oxidase activity but inhibited (Na++K+)ATPase. Paraquat induced opposite effects on the ouabain-resistant Na+-ATPase in the cortex (decrease) and medulla (increase). These alterations, except for increased serum creatinine and renal levels of TNF-α and interleukin-6, were prevented by 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (tempol; 1 mmol/L in drinking water), a stable antioxidant. In summary, after paraquat poisoning, ROS production culminated with impaired medullary function, urinary fluid loss, and disruption of Na+-transporting ATPases and angiotensin II signaling. 1,1dimethyl4,4bipyridyl 11dimethyl44bipyridyl dimethylbipyridyl 1,1 dimethyl 4,4 bipyridyl 4 dichloride 2020 occur AKI (AKI O (ROS However reninangiotensinaldosterone renin aldosterone RAAS (RAAS level Na+transporting Natransporting Na+ transporting Na 20 (2 mg/kg mgkg mg kg ip. ip . ip) 2 h Na++K+ATPase NaKATPase Na++K+ ATPase K activities IItype type receptors factorα factor α TNFα, TNFα TNF , (TNF-α) interleukin6. interleukin6 interleukin 6. 6 interleukin-6 Na++K+ATPase. ATPase. ouabainresistant ouabain resistant Na+ATPase NaATPase decrease (decrease increase. increase (increase) alterations interleukin6, 6, 4hydroxy2,2,6,6tetramethylpiperidin1oxyl 4hydroxy2266tetramethylpiperidin1oxyl hydroxytetramethylpiperidinoxyl hydroxy 2,2,6,6 tetramethylpiperidin oxyl tempol (tempol mmolL mmol L water, water water) antioxidant summary poisoning function signaling 1dimethyl4 4bipyridyl 11 1, 44 4, 202 ( NaK Na++K (TNF-α interleukin- (increase 4hydroxy2 6tetramethylpiperidin1oxyl 2266 2,2,6, 1dimethyl 4hydroxy tetramethylpiperidinoxyl 226 2,2,6 22 2,2, 2,2 2,

ABSTRACT The Madeira River is characterized by large amount of woody material transported, especially during floods, which interferes with the operation of the Jirau Hydroelectric Power Plant. There are many logs and the log boom structures inserted to retain them do not always present the desired efficiency. This work involves the hydrodynamic simulation of the Madeira River and the three-dimensional simulation of these woody materials to analyze their trajectories along the river and to obtain knowledge of their transport and position according to the flow, different plant operations ways and the influence of log booms. The logs are simulated as particles by the PART module of Delft3d, using the Lagrangian particle tracking model. The hydrodynamic model was validated and it was possible to represent the main variations of three-dimensional velocities and water levels. The particle tracking simulation was consistent with the flow distribution and thus it was possible to identify the most attractive destination for the logs, according to power plant operations. transported floods Plant efficiency threedimensional three dimensional booms Delft3d Delftd Delft d levels

RESUMO O rio Madeira é caracterizado pela grande quantidade de material lenhoso transportado, principalmente durante as cheias, e isso acaba influenciando as condições operativas tornando-se um grande desafio para a geração de energia na UHE Jirau. São muitos troncos e as barreiras flutuantes do log boom que tem a função de retê-los, nem sempre apresentam a eficiência desejada, em especial pelas inúmeras variáveis envolvidas e o regime de vazões. Este trabalho envolve a simulação hidrodinâmica do rio Madeira e a simulação tridimensional desse material lenhoso, para analisar seu comportamento ao longo do rio e ter conhecimento da sua posição conforme o escoamento, do seu destino e da influência das barreiras de log boom na hidrodinâmica e no transporte de partículas. Os troncos foram simulados como partículas pelo módulo PART do Delft3d, através do modelo Lagrangiano. O modelo hidrodinâmico foi validado e foi possível representar as principais variações de velocidades tridimensionais e níveis d’água. A simulação de partículas foi condizente com a distribuição de vazões e assim foi possível identificar, conforme a operação da usina, os destinos mais atrativos para os troncos. transportado cheias tornandose tornando se Jirau retêlos, retêlos retê los, los retê-los desejada escoamento Delft3d Delftd Delft d Lagrangiano dágua. dágua água. água d’água identificar usina

Abstract Surface runoff in agricultural areas promotes the transport of biological structures, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) spores, along with mineral particles, nutrients, and organic matter. Limited information exists regarding the relationships between the erosive process and the loss of AMF spores at the hillslope scale, as well as the effect of terracing on these relationships. The objective of this study was to quantify the loss of AMF spores in surface runoff water from agricultural soil managed under no-till and terraced conditions. The research was conducted in the Ribeirão Vermelho watershed, in a hillslope area in Cambé, Paraná, Brazil. Two experimental plots measuring 2.5 hectares each were installed, with one managed without terraces (NTP) and the other with level terraces (TP). At the lower end of the plots, a runoff flow measurement structure (H-channel) was installed to determine the flow rate and suspended spore count. The runoff duration, peak flow rate, and spore count were determined during the period from October 2019 to October 2022. The terrace reduced over 35% of suspended spore loss, and the hysteresis pattern showed a counterclockwise loop in NTP and a clockwise loop in TP for events with higher peak flow rates. The hysteresis pattern indicated rapid spore mobilization and transport in TP, suggesting that spores originated from more distant sources or required more energy for transportation in NTP. Overall, there is evidence that the terrace influences spore variability on the hillslope, reinforcing the need for terracing in agricultural hillslope areas. structures (AMF particles nutrients matter scale notill no till conditions watershed Cambé Paraná Brazil 25 2 5 2. (NTP TP. . (TP) Hchannel H channel (H-channel duration 201 2022 35 rates Overall (TP 20 202 3

The article establishes a three-dimensional multiphase proton exchange membrane single-cell model and investigates the impact of precision flow field design on the electrochemical characteristics, heat mass transfer properties, and phase change characteristics of fuel cells. The simulation model is analyzed using COMSOL 6.0 multiphysics software and validated using experimental data under the same operating conditions. The research results indicate that precision flow field design can enhance the electrochemical characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) by reducing concentration overpotentials through improved gas mass transfer, thus increasing the performance of cell. Precision flow field design improves gas and current density distribution uniformity, promoting more uniform electrochemical reactions and enhancing cell durability. Finally, precision flow field design increases gas mass transfer rates, effectively removing liquid water from the interior and facilitating smoother gas transport to the active regions. This study provides new insights into flow field design for fuel cells. threedimensional three dimensional singlecell single properties 60 6 0 6. conditions PEMFC (PEMFC uniformity durability Finally rates regions

ABSTRACT Introduction: The harvesting of musculoskeletal tissues is essential to ensure the supply of biological products of human origin with safety and clinical efficacy. The harvesting stage must undergo a validation process to guarantee the quality of the tissues. Objectives: This article describes the experience of a public human multi-tissue bank (HMTB) in validating the harvesting of musculoskeletal tissue (femoral head) from a living donor. Methods: This involves evaluating and adapting a harvesting protocol to promote excellence in the quality of tissues distributed for therapeutic and research purposes. To this end, a technical visit was carried out at another tissue bank, and meetings were held with the orthopedic service team to present and discuss the process flow. Donor screening was done by applying forms evaluating the selection and exclusion criteria. After acceptance, through the consent form, the donor’s serological tests were requested and collected. The harvesting kit, control of the temperature thermal transport box, and collecting microbiological material from the piece at the time of removal were validated. The validated harvested tissue underwent macroscopic, radiological, and microbiological evaluations to consider the process valid. The forms and other documents in the medical record were audited by the institution’s health quality and safety center. Process mapping was also carried out, targeting risks and opportunities for improvement. Results: The harvesting protocol was validated as foreseen in the action plan. The harvesting technique was performed sterilely in the operating room. Microbiological and serological analyses showed negative results, and the tissue was considered macroscopically viable. After the audit, the documentation was deemed adequate to comply with current legislation (Resolução da Diretoria Colegiada – RDC Nº 707, of July 1, 2022), and the mapping of processes guaranteed the security of harvesting and provided opportunities for improvement. Conclusion: A protocol for capturing musculoskeletal tissues in the reference service is presented, with the validation process being replicable through a fundamental tool to ensure harmlessness and safety in tissue harvesting. Introduction efficacy Objectives multitissue multi HMTB (HMTB femoral head donor Methods purposes end flow criteria acceptance form donors s collected kit box macroscopic radiological valid institutions institution center improvement Results plan room results viable audit Resolução 707 1 2022, 2022 , 2022) Conclusion presented 70 202 7 20 2

RESUMO Introdução: A captação de tecidos musculoesqueléticos é fundamental para garantir o fornecimento de produtos biológicos de origem humana com segurança e eficácia clínica. Para assegurar a qualidade desses tecidos, é essencial que a etapa de captação passe por um processo de validação. Objetivos: Este artigo descreve a experiência de um banco de multitecidos humanos (BMTHs) público na validação da captação de tecido musculoesquelético (cabeça femoral) de doador vivo. Métodos: Trata-se da avaliação e adequação de um protocolo de captação visando promover a excelência na qualidade dos tecidos distribuídos para fins terapêuticos e de pesquisa. Para isso, foram realizadas uma visita técnica em outro banco de tecidos e reuniões com a equipe do serviço de ortopedia para apresentação e discussão sobre o fluxo do processo. A triagem do doador foi conduzida por meio da aplicação de formulários, avaliando os critérios de seleção e exclusão. Após a aceitação, mediante termo de consentimento, foram solicitados os exames sorológicos do doador e, por fim, a captação. Validaram-se o kit de captação, o controle de temperatura da caixa térmica de transporte e a coleta de material microbiológico da peça no momento da retirada. Para considerar válido o processo, o tecido captado passou por avaliações macroscópicas, radiológicas e microbiológicas. Os formulários e demais documentos do prontuário foram auditados pelo Núcleo de Qualidade e Segurança em Saúde (NQSS) da instituição. Também foi realizado o mapeamento dos processos, visando os riscos e oportunidades de melhoria. Resultados: O protocolo de captação foi realizado e validado conforme previsto no plano de ação. A técnica de captação foi realizada de forma estéril no centro cirúrgico. As análises microbiológicas e sorológicas apresentaram resultados negativos e o tecido foi considerado macroscopicamente viável. Após auditoria, a documentação foi considerada adequada ao atender a legislação vigente (Resolução da Diretoria Colegiada – RDC Nº 707, de 1 de julho de 2022). Além disso, o mapeamento dos processos garantiu a segurança da captação e proporcionou oportunidades de melhoria. Conclusão: Apresenta-se um protocolo de captação de tecidos musculoesqueléticos no serviço de referência, sendo o processo de validação replicável, por meio de uma ferramenta fundamental para assegurar a inocuidade e segurança na captação de tecidos. Descritores: Doação de Tecidos; Transplante de Tecidos; Controle de Qualidade Biológica; Produtos Inócuos; Banco de Tecidos Humanos. Introdução clínica Objetivos BMTHs (BMTHs cabeça femoral vivo Métodos Tratase Trata se pesquisa isso exclusão aceitação consentimento fim Validaramse Validaram retirada macroscópicas NQSS (NQSS instituição melhoria Resultados ação cirúrgico viável auditoria Resolução 707 2022. 2022 . 2022) disso Conclusão Apresentase Apresenta referência replicável Descritores Biológica Inócuos Humanos 70 202 7 20 2

Resumen La construcción de una Ruta Bioceánica que conectará los puertos brasileños con los puertos de Chile es vista como una alternativa para el flujo de las exportaciones brasileñas. La evolución reciente de las negociaciones para la construcción estuvo acompañada de medidas prácticas como el asfaltado, en Paraguay, de tramos esenciales para la ejecución del Proyecto. Sin embargo, los estudios sobre impactos ambientales y sociales aparecen después del inicio de las obras, imponiendo desafíos políticos a los gestores en cuanto a la conciliación del desarrollo económico y la responsabilidad ambiental. La aplicación del marco FIT-2-Deeds demuestra ser una buena herramienta para evaluar y desarrollar el corredor bioceánico, ya que otros corredores en el mundo ya han sido construidos y sus resultados económicos y ambientales ya están consolidados. Las acciones para la consolidación del Corredor Bioceánico carecen de coordinación y visión holística dada la magnitud del emprendimiento, las posibles ventajas y los grandes impactos que puede causar. brasileñas asfaltado Paraguay Proyecto embargo obras ambiental FIT2Deeds FITDeeds FIT 2 Deeds bioceánico consolidados emprendimiento causar

Abstract The construction of a Bioceanic Route that will link Brazilian ports to Chilean ports is seen as an alternative for the flow of Brazilian exports. The recent evolution of the construction negotiations was accompanied by practical measures such as paving in Paraguay essential sections for the implementation of the Project. However, studies on environmental and social impacts only emerge after construction begins, posing political challenges for managers regarding the reconciliation of economic development and environmental responsibility. The application of the FIT-2-Deeds framework proves to be a good tool for assessing and developing the Bioceanic corridor, since corridors in the world have already been built and their economic and environmental results are already consolidated. Actions for the consolidation of the Biocean Corridor lack coordination and holistic vision given the magnitude of the venture, the possible advantages and the large impacts it can cause. exports Project However begins responsibility FIT2Deeds FITDeeds FIT 2 Deeds corridor consolidated venture cause

Resumo A construção de uma Rota Bioceânica que ligará portos brasileiros a portos do Chile é vista como alternativa para o escoamento das exportações brasileiras. A recente evolução das negociações para construção foi acompanhada por medidas práticas como o asfaltamento, no Paraguai, de trechos essenciais para a implementação do Projeto. Entretanto, os estudos sobre impactos ambientais e sociais surgem após o início das obras, impondo desafios políticos para os gestores quanto à conciliação do desenvolvimento econômico e a responsabilidade ambiental. A aplicação do framework FIT-2-Deeds demonstra ser boa ferramenta para avaliação e desenvolvimento do corredor bioceânico, visto que outros corredores no mundo já foram construídos e seus resultados econômicos e ambientais já estão consolidados. As ações para a consolidação do Corredor Bioceânico carecem de coordenação e visão holística dada a magnitude do empreendimento, as possíveis vantagens e os grandes impactos que pode causar. brasileiras asfaltamento Paraguai Projeto Entretanto obras ambiental FIT2Deeds FITDeeds FIT 2 Deeds bioceânico consolidados empreendimento causar

ABSTRACT Sandy shorelines show heightened susceptibility to alterations, highlighting the importance of reliable field measurements in forecasting coastal evolution. This study offers direct hydrodynamic measurements from the upper shoreface of a sandy beach in Paraná. We observed five distinct oceanographic conditions, including a high-energy event. Notably, wave height showed a positive correlation with northward longshore currents. During pre- and post-frontal periods, cross-shore flow predominates over longshore currents, particularly evident during low tides with pronounced offshore flow. These findings provide valuable insights for researchers seeking to quantify and model longshore sediment transport dynamics and morphological changes along sandy coastlines. alterations evolution Paraná conditions highenergy high energy event Notably currents pre postfrontal post frontal periods crossshore cross shore coastlines

Abstract Effective freight transportation planning through different modes drives countries economic growth by ensuring the delivery of goods safely and sustainably. This article provides a systematic literature review focused on intermodal transport tactical planning, addressing logistical technical factors for efficient transportation modes management in cargo delivery. The methodology is based on the research questions definition, search process, and article selection criteria, exploring the network structures evolution to verify technical factors influencing network structures, including mode combinations, geographical distribution, and mathematical models’ decision variables and constraints. According to the research question proposed, the most relevant technical factors for intermodal planning network structures are flow cargo, transport modal activation, flow conservation, delivery time, and vehicle management, generally found in countries with extensive road infrastructure and a high modal integration capacity, as China, Europe, and USA. Considering the decision variables and constraints, flow conservation is a common element observed in intermodal transport mathematical models. Thus, a balance between transportation costs and transportation modes utilization was verified, and insights into the relation between technical logistics factors application and network structures for cargo delivery efficiency were revealed. Finally, the systematic literature review contributes to understanding the main intermodal transportation planning evolving landscape, offering valuable insights for future research and practical implementations. sustainably definition process criteria combinations distribution models constraints proposed activation time capacity China Europe USA Thus verified revealed Finally landscape implementations

ABSTRACT Thousands of seahorses are traded every year as marine ornamental species. Although packing methods for live adult seahorses have already been addressed, there is no information on the transportation of juvenile seahorses. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the possibility of packing and transportation for newly-birthed seahorses. Three batches of newborn long-snout seahorses Hippocampus reidi were transported in three independent events from Ubatuba, north coast of São Paulo, to the city of São Paulo, covering 248 km in each trip, with an average duration of 3.5 h. A mean of 350 offspring of one day old was distributed in 1 L containers with round borders at equal densities, provided with constant aeration by portable pumps. Aeration was kept so that large bubbles would create an ascending flow keeping juveniles in suspension throughout transportation. Values of survival achieved in this study, even after 10 days post-transportation, were surprisingly high, reaching over 70%. No significant shift in water temperature, pH, or salinity was observed for any transportation events. For oxygen levels, although portable pumps were used, a drop of around 15% in DO level was recorded. In view of the trending ornamental fish market, considering the limited swimming capacity of newly born seahorses and that a great number of marine fish undergo a planktonic phase, this study provides important directions to a better understanding on seahorse transportation and yet, directions for the design of new transport methodology for an efficient shipping protocol for other species.

Resumen El papel biogeomórfico de la vegetación ha sido explorado en diferentes contextos con avances en la comprensión de la sedimentación y los cambios hidrodinámicos en canales y zonas ribereñas. Sin embargo, no están bien establecidos en pequeños canales derivados de la tierra, cárcavas de agua, cómo se desarrollan estos problemas y los usuarios del canal. En estos casos, se aprecia una ambigüedad en la presencia de vegetación tanto con un papel filtrante positivo como con un papel negativo debido a la competencia por los recursos hídricos. Este estudio verificó si el desarrollo de la vegetación es el principal reductor del transporte de sedimentos en suspensión a lo largo del cauce artificial en comparación con el sistema fluvial natural, prestando atención al papel de la vegetación como filtro de la carga sedimentaria. Se realizó un monitoreo de escenarios, de acuerdo al crecimiento de la vegetación, relacionando estadísticamente los datos de caudal, velocidad de caudal y turbidez. En los resultados, el cauce natural presentó el caudal como principal influencia, ya que la vegetación fue el elemento principal sobre el sistema artificial. La vegetación, que funciona como filtro de sedimentos en la época de lluvias, es removida en la época seca debido a la reducción de los caudales y la evapotranspiración. Se entiende que la vegetación debe ser atendida como parte del proceso de manejo del cauce, permitiendo a los usuarios índices de turbidez favorables y menores riesgos de rotura de estructuras, así como la formación de extensores de hábitats fluviales y ribereños en época de lluvias. ribereñas embargo tierra agua canal casos hídricos sedimentaria escenarios resultados influencia lluvias evapotranspiración estructuras

Abstract The biogeomorphic role of vegetation has been explored in different contexts with advances in the understanding of sedimentation and hydrodynamic changes in channels and riparian zones. However, it is yet to be better established regarding their role in small earth-derived canals water gullies, the development of these issues, and canal users. These cases present some ambiguity based on the presence of vegetation with both a positive filtering role and a negative role due to competition for water resources. This study verified whether vegetation development has more prominent role as reducer of the transport of suspended sediments along the artificial channel than the natural river system, focusing on the role of vegetation as a filter of the sedimentary load. We monitored the scenario in terms of vegetation growth by gathering statistically related data on discharge, flow velocity, and turbidity. Our results indicate the main influence of the natural channel flow since the vegetation was the main element of the artificial system. The vegetation, functioning as a sediment filter in the rainy season, is removed in the dry season due to lower flows and evapotranspiration. We understand that vegetation should be addressed as part of the channel management process, providing users with favorable turbidity indices and lower risks of structures breaking, as well as the formation of extenders of fluvial and riparian habitats in the rainy season. zones However earthderived earth derived gullies issues resources system load discharge velocity evapotranspiration process breaking

Resumo O papel biogeomórfico da vegetação tem sido explorado em diferentes contextos com avanços na compreensão da sedimentação e das alterações hidrodinâmicas nos canais e zonas ripárias. Contudo, não estão bem estabelecidas em pequenos canais derivados de terra, os regos d’água, como se desenvolvem estas questões e os usuários dos canais. Nesses casos se percebe uma ambiguidade frente a presença da vegetação com um papel tanto positivo de filtragem, quanto problemático pela competição pelo recurso hídrico. Este estudo verificou se o desenvolvimento da vegetação é o principal redutor do transporte de sedimentos em suspensão ao longo do canal artificial em comparação ao sistema fluvial natural, se atentando ao papel da vegetação como filtro da carga sedimentar. Foram realizados monitoramentos de cenários, conforme crescimento da vegetação, com dados da vazão, velocidade dos fluxos e turbidez sendo relacionados estatisticamente. Nos resultados o canal natural apresentou a vazão como principal influência, já a vegetação foi o principal elemento sobre o sistema artificial. A vegetação, funcionando como filtro de sedimentos na estação chuvosa, é retirada na estação seca devido à redução das vazões e a evapotranspiração. Entende-se que a vegetação precisa ser abordada como parte do processo de gestão dos canais, permitindo aos usuários índices favoráveis de turbidez e menores riscos de rompimento das estruturas, bem como a formação de extensores dos habitats fluviais e ripários na estação chuvosa. ripárias Contudo terra dágua, dágua d água, água d’água filtragem hídrico sedimentar cenários estatisticamente influência chuvosa evapotranspiração Entendese Entende estruturas