RESUMEN Introducción: El Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety (PHQ-4) es una medida de autoinforme ultrabreve de síntomas depresivos y ansiosos. El PHQ-4 no ha sido adaptado ni validado en la población quechua hablante. Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo adaptar y validar el PHQ-4 en una muestra de población peruana quechua hablante en su variante Collao de Puno-Perú. Metodología: Participaron 221 personas hablantes de quechua variante collao (promedio de edad de 31,2 años, SD = 11,7, 47,1 % hombres y 52,9 % mujeres). Se evaluó la evidencia de validez basada en la estructura interna, mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio (CFA), la fiabilidad con el método de consistencia interna y las características de dificultad y discriminación de los ítems en base a la Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem (IRT). Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que todos los ítems del PHQ-4 son relevantes, coherentes y claros para representar adecuadamente los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión. El resultado del AFC apoyó un modelo unifactorial, donde los ítems de ansiedad y depresión conforman una sola variable latente con una fiabilidad alta. Todos los ítems del PHQ-4 presentas buenos parámetros de discriminación y los parámetros de dificultad indican que los ítems son comparativamente difíciles. Por lo tanto, se necesita una mayor presencia del rasgo latente (ansiedad y depresión) para responder las categorías de respuesta más altas. Discusión: En conclusión, la PHQ-4 presentó buenas propiedades psicométricas como una medida de detección primaria rápida, confiable y válida para personas quechuahablantes que necesitan una evaluación profunda, monitoreo de los síntomas para diagnóstico y tratamiento para la ansiedad o depresión.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety (PHQ-4) is an ultra-brief self-report measure of depression and anxiety symptoms. The PHQ-4 has not been adapted or validated in the Quechua-speaking population. Objective: This study aimed to adapt and validate the PHQ-4 in a sample of the Peruvian Quechua-speaking population with its Collao variant from Puno-Peru. Methods: A total of 221 Quechua speakers of the Collao variant (mean age 31.2 years, SD = 11.7, 47.1% male and 52.9% female) participated. Evidence of validity based on internal structure was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), reliability using the internal consistency method, and item difficulty and discrimination characteristics based on Item Response Theory (IRT). Results: The results indicated that all items of the PHQ-4 were relevant, consistent, and clear enough to adequately represent anxiety and depressive symptoms. The CFA results supported a one-factorial model, in which anxiety and depression items form a single latent variable with high reliability. All items of the PHQ-4 had good discrimination parameters, and the difficulty parameters indicated that the items were comparatively difficult. Therefore, a higher presence of the latent trait (anxiety and depression) is needed to answer higher response categories. Discussion: In conclusion, the PHQ-4 presented good psychometric properties as a rapid, reliable, and valid primary screening measure for Quechua speakers in need of in-depth assessment and symptom monitoring for the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety and depression.

The study aimed to analyze the association of anxiety and the use of anxiolytics among college students in the health area. This is a sectional study of the web-survey type, with a sample of 286 college students from some courses in the health area. Data collection occurred through electronic forms in Google forms sent by e-mail and Instagram social network. A higher frequency of clonazepam use (n= 31; 62%; p= 0.588) was associated with high trait anxiety. There was a preponderance of the use of the same drug (n= 30; 60%; p= 0.982) related to moderate state anxiety. These occurrences were more pronounced in female college students (42.3%) and those who attended public institutions (55.3%). Given this, it is concluded that higher education institutions should invest in awareness-raising actions on the use of anxiolytics and aimed at minimizing anxiety in this population. Portuguese version of the article: https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4348

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la asociación de la ansiedad y el uso de ansiolíticos entre los estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud. Se trata de un estudio seccional, de tipo encuesta web, con una muestra de 286 estudiantes universitarios de algunos cursos del área de la salud. La recopilación de datos se realizó mediante formularios electrónicos de Google enviados por correo electrónico y la red social Instagram. Se percibió una mayor frecuencia de uso de Clonazepam (n= 31; 62%; p= 0,588) asociada a la ansiedad de alto nivel. También hubo una preponderancia del uso del mismo fármaco (n= 30; 60%; p= 0,982) relacionado con la ansiedad estatal moderada. Estos sucesos fueron más pronunciados en las mujeres universitarias (42,3%) y que asistieron a instituciones públicas (55,3%). Ante esto, se concluye que las instituciones de educación superior deben invertir en acciones de sensibilización sobre el uso de ansiolíticos, y dirigidas a minimizar la ansiedad en esta población. Versión en portugués del artículo: https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4348

O estudo objetivou analisar a associação da ansiedade e uso de ansiolíticos entre estudantes universitários da área saúde. Trata-se de um estudo seccional, do tipo web-survey, com amostra de 286 estudantes universitários de alguns cursos da área da saúde. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de formulários eletrônicos no Google forms enviados por e-mail e rede social Instagram. Percebeu-se uma frequência maior de uso de Clonazepam (n= 31; 62%; p= 0,588) associado à ansiedade traço alta. Assim como houve uma preponderância do uso do mesmo medicamento (n= 30; 60%; p= 0,982) relacionado à ansiedade estado moderada. Essas ocorrências foram mais acentuadas em estudantes universitárias do sexo feminino (42,3%) e que frequentavam instituições públicas (55,3%). Diante disso, conclui-se que as instituições de ensino superior devem investir em ações de conscientização sobre o uso de ansiolíticos, e que visem a minimização da ansiedade dessa população. Versão em Português do artigo: https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4348

The study aimed to analyze the association of anxiety and use of anxiolytics among college students in the health area. This is a sectional study, of the web-survey type, with a sample of 286 college students from some courses in the health area. Data collection occurred through electronic forms in Google forms sent by e-mail and Instagram social network. It was noticed a higher frequency of Clonazepam use (n= 31; 62%; p= 0.588) associated with high trait anxiety. Just as there was a preponderance of the use of the same drug (n= 30; 60%; p= 0.982) related to moderate state anxiety. These occurrences were more pronounced in female college students (42.3%) and who attended public institutions (55.3%). Given this, it is concluded that higher education institutions should invest in awareness-raising actions on the use of anxiolytics, and aimed at minimizing anxiety in this population.

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la asociación de la ansiedad y el uso de ansiolíticos entre los estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud. Se trata de un estudio seccional, de tipo encuesta web, con una muestra de 286 estudiantes universitarios de algunos cursos del área de la salud. La recopilación de datos se realizó mediante formularios electrónicos de Google enviados por correo electrónico y la red social Instagram. Se percibió una mayor frecuencia de uso de Clonazepam (n= 31; 62%; p= 0,588) asociada a la ansiedad de alto nivel. También hubo una preponderancia del uso del mismo fármaco (n= 30; 60%; p= 0,982) relacionado con la ansiedad estatal moderada. Estos sucesos fueron más pronunciados en las mujeres universitarias (42,3%) y que asistieron a instituciones públicas (55,3%). Ante esto, concluimos que las instituciones de educación superior deberían invertir en acciones de concienciación sobre el uso de ansiolíticos, y dirigidas a minimizar la ansiedad en esta población.

O estudo objetivou analisar a associação da ansiedade e uso de ansiolíticos entre estudantes universitários da área saúde. Trata-se de um estudo seccional, do tipo web-survey, com amostra de 286 estudantes universitários de alguns cursos da área da saúde. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de formulários eletrônicos no Google forms enviados por e-mail e rede social Instagram. Percebeu-se uma frequência maior de uso de Clonazepam (n= 31; 62%; p= 0,588) associado à ansiedade traço alta. Assim como houve uma preponderância do uso do mesmo medicamento (n= 30; 60%; p= 0,982) relacionado à ansiedade estado moderada. Essas ocorrências foram mais acentuadas em estudantes universitárias do sexo feminino (42,3%) e que frequentavam instituições públicas (55,3%). Diante disso, conclui-se que as instituições de ensino superior devem investir em ações de conscientização sobre o uso de ansiolíticos, e que visem a minimização da ansiedade dessa população.

Resumen: Antecedentes: En este estudio se presenta el desarrollo de la Brief Math Anxiety Scale (BMAS), una versión breve de la Shortened Math Anxiety Rating Scale (sMARS) manteniendo su estructura original de tres factores, aplicando la teoría de respuesta al ítem. Método: La sMARS, así como otros cuestionarios para medir su capacidad matemática, la ansiedad rasgo y frente a los exámenes y las actitudes hacia las matemáticas, se administraron a 1.349 estudiantes universitarios. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que la escala original podía reducirse a nueve ítems (tres para cada subescala). Proporcionamos evidencia de sus buenas propiedades psicométricas: consistencia interna excelente, adecuada fiabilidad test-retest a las 7 semanas y buena validez convergente/discriminante. Conclusiones: En conclusión, la BMAS proporciona interpretaciones válidas y puntuaciones fiables para evaluar la ansiedad matemática en estudiantes universitarios y es especialmente útil en situaciones con disponibilidad de tiempo limitado, donde la forma más larga no es aplicable.

Abstract: Background: This study developed the Brief Math Anxiety Scale (BMAS), a brief version of the Shortened Math Anxiety Rating Scale (sMARS), maintaining its original three-factor structure, by applying item response theory. Method: The sMARS was administered to 1,349 undergraduates, along with other questionnaires to measure their math ability, trait and test anxieties, and attitudes toward mathematics. Results: Results showed that the original scale could be reduced to nine items (three for each subscale). We provided evidence of good psychometric properties: strong internal consistency, adequate 7-week test-retest reliability, and good convergent/discriminant validity. Conclusions: In conclusion, the BMAS provides valid interpretations and reliable scores for assessing math anxiety in university students, and is especially useful in situations with time constraints where the longer form is impractical.

RESUMEN La presente investigación tuvo como propósito determinar la relación entre la ansiedad ante los exámenes, los rasgos de personalidad, el autoconcepto y la asertividad con el rendimiento académico. En relación a la metodología se aplicó un diseño explicativo, de campo, utilizando la encuesta como técnica con un instrumento como cuestionario para medir las variables psicológicas fue por medio del cuestionario, aplicándose a una muestra de 79 estudiantes. Se encontró que existe una relación significativa de la ansiedad ante los exámenes, los rasgos de personalidad, el autoconcepto y asertividad con el rendimiento académico en los alumnos. Además existe una relación positiva altamente significativa entre la autoasertividad, el rasgo de afabilidad componente del rasgo de personalidad con el rendimiento académico del alumno y una relación negativa altamente significativa entre el autoconcepto familiar, el rasgo del razonamiento y el rasgo de privacidad de los rasgos de personalidad con el rendimiento académico.

RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa foi conhecer a relação entre ansiedade de teste, traços de personalidade, autoconceito e assertividade com o desempenho acadêmico. Relativamente à metodologia, foi aplicado um desenho de campo explicativo, utilizando como técnica o inquérito e o instrumento para as variáveis psicológicas foram através do questionário, aplicado a uma amostra de 79 alunos. Verificou-se que existe uma relação significativa entre ansiedade de teste, traços de personalidade, autoconceito e assertividade com o desempenho acadêmico em estudantes. Além disso, existe uma relação positiva altamente significativa entre a autoafirmação, o traço de afabilidade componente do traço de personalidade, com o desempenho acadêmico do aluno, e uma relação negativa altamente significativa entre o autoconceito familiar, o traço de raciocínio e a privacidade traço dos traços de autoafirmação personalidade com desempenho acadêmico.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to know the relationship between test anxiety, personality traits, self-concept, and assertiveness with academic performance. In relation to the methodology, an explanatory, field design was applied, using the survey as a technique and the instrument for the psychological variables was through the questionnaire, applied to a sample of 79 students. It was found that there is a significant relationship between test anxiety, personality traits, self-concept and assertiveness with academic performance in students. In addition, there is a highly significant positive relationship between self-assertiveness, the trait of affability component of the personality trait, with the student's academic performance, and a highly significant negative relationship between family self-concept, the reasoning trait, and the privacy trait of the traits of self-assertion. personality with academic performance.

Abstract Backgraund: This prospective observational cohort study aimed to investigate the relationship between preoperative anxiety levels and postoperative pain and analgesic requirement in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Methods: Forty two female patients with body mass index ≥ 35, who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for treatment of obesity were included in the study. Spielberger's state and trait anxiety scales were used in this study. Demographic data of the patients, anesthetic and analgesic drugs during the surgery, pain levels measured with verbal analog scale at the postoperative 1st, 4th, 12th, and 24th hour, sedation levels measured with the Ramsay sedation scale, and the amount of analgesic consumed were recorded. Anesthesiologist, surgeon, and patient were not informed of the anxiety level results. The relationship between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain and analgesic consumption was evaluated by Spearman’s correlation analysis. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was applied. Normal Distribution control was performed by applying the Shapiro-Wilk test to residual values obtained from the final model. Results: There was no relationship between trait anxiety level and postoperative pain and analgesic consumption. A correlation was found between state anxiety level and pain level up to 24 hours and analgesic consumption (p < 0.05). According to the obtained model it had been observed that the university graduates consumed more analgesic compared to other education level groups. Conclusion: In this study, a relationship was found between preoperative state anxiety level and 24-hour pain scores and analgesic consumption in patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy under general anesthesia.

Abstract The present study therefore aims to examine trait and state anxiety, sleep habits and executive functioning during 1 year and a half of the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents through the lens of parents. Assessments were conducted at three different times: April 2020 (T1), October 2020 (T2) and October 2021 (T3). The main sample included 953 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years, and scales were used to assess anxiety (STAIC), sleep habits (BEARS) and executive functioning (BRIEF-2). The results showed that 6 months after the outbreak of the pandemic, state and trait anxiety, sleep disturbances and executive dysfunctions increased significantly. One and a half year later, trait anxiety and sleep disturbances have been maintained, while state anxiety and executive dysfunction have decreased their scores obtaining scores similar to those of April 2020. In conclusion, there has been a further decrease in children and adolescents’ mental health since the beginning of the pandemic, and it seems to remain at the present time, such as trait anxiety as a part of the personality.

Abstract Objective We compared parental educational practices and emotional health of 62 mothers of students from nuclear (G1) and non-nuclear families (G2). Method We used an inventory of parenting practices and scales for assessment of anxiety, stress and depression. Results G1 showed significantly higher means for Moral Behavior. Positive correlations between negative parenting educational practices and clinical indicators for maternal emotional health were perceived in both groups and more significantly for G2. Younger mothers in G1 indicated more signs of state anxiety and for G2 the lower socioeconomic level indicated more signs of stress and trait anxiety and less depression. Conclusion The data can contribute to the planning of interventions.

Resumo Objetivo Comparar e relacionar práticas educativas parentais e saúde emocional de 62 mães de escolares de famílias nucleares (G1) e não nucleares (G2). Método Utilizou-se um inventário de práticas parentais e escalas para avaliação da ansiedade, estresse e depressão. Resultados O G1 apresentou significativamente médias superiores para Comportamento Moral. Correlações positivas entre as práticas educativas parentais negativas e indicadores clínicos para saúde emocional materna foram percebidos em ambos os grupos e de forma mais expressiva para G2. Mães mais jovens em G1 indicaram mais sinais de ansiedade-estado. Já para G2, o nível socioeconômico inferior indicou mais sinais de estresse e ansiedade-traço e menos depressão. Conclusão Os dados podem contribuir para o planejamento de intervenções.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Bibliotherapy is defined as the use of books and other materials in a directed reading program. Objective: To evaluate the level of anxiety in surgical cancer patients treated with bibliotherapy. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was carried out in cancer patients, at the María Curie Provincial Teaching Hospital of Oncology, from January 2022 to January 2023. The universe consisted of 200 patients and a simple random sample of 60, divided into two groups of 30 patients each, experimental group and conventional group. In the immediate preoperative period and immediate postoperative period, bibliotherapy was applied to the patient in reading modality. Anxiety was assessed with the Anxiety Inventory: Trait-State. Results: The average age for both groups was similar, 56.32 years in the experimental group and 54.61 in the conventional group. Patients from 50 to 59 years and 60 to 69 years predominated, with 33.9 % and 32.3 % of the cases. The absence of difference in the level of preoperative anxiety in the groups was observed, an average experimental group of 48.16 and the conventional group 49.00. The groups show a high level of anxiety. The level of postoperative anxiety was different in the treatment groups, thus in the experimental group the average of 24.74 expresses a low level, while in the conventional group 49.55 remains high. Conclusions: Bibliotherapy constituted an interdisciplinary therapeutic tool in cancer patients. Pain was identified as a focal word that allowed the development of the literary action plan.

RESUMEN Introducción: La biblioterapia se define como la utilización de libros y otros materiales en un programa de lectura dirigida. Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel de ansiedad en el paciente oncológico quirúrgico tratado con biblioterapia. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental en el paciente oncológico, en el Hospital Provincial Docente de Oncología María Curie, de enero 2022 a enero 2023. El universo estuvo constituido por 200 pacientes y la muestra aleatoria simple por 60, dividida en dos grupos de 30 pacientes cada uno, grupo experimental y grupo convencional. En el preoperatorio inmediato y posoperatorio mediato al paciente se le aplicó biblioterapia en modalidad de lectura. La ansiedad se evaluó con el Inventario de ansiedad: rasgo-estado. Resultados: La media para la edad en ambos grupos fue similar, 56,32 años en el grupo experimental y en el grupo convencional 54,61. Predominó los pacientes de 50 a 59 años y 60 a 69 años, con 33,9 % y 32,3 % de los casos. Se apreció la ausencia de diferencia del nivel de ansiedad preoperatorio en los grupos, grupo experimental media de 48,16 y el grupo convencional 49. Los grupos muestran un nivel de ansiedad alto. El nivel de ansiedad posoperatorio resultó diferente en los grupos de tratamiento, así en el grupo experimental la media de 24,74 que expresa un nivel bajo, mientras en el grupo convencional 49,55, se mantiene alto. Conclusiones: La biblioterapia constituyó una herramienta terapéutica interdisciplinar en el paciente oncológico. Se identificó el dolor como palabra focal que permitió el desarrollo del plan de acción literaria.

Abstract Background Protective behaviors were essential for minimizing the spread of the virus during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It is often assumed that awareness of bodily sensations (interoception) can improve decision-making and facilitate adaptive behavior. Objective This paper investigates cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between different aspects of self-reported interoception, trait anxiety, COVID-related worry, and health protective behaviors. Methods The study was conducted on a community sample of 265 adults. The two data collection phases took place online, before (baseline) and during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary. Results Contrary to our expectations, neither cross-sectional nor longitudinal associations were found between protective behaviors and indicators of self-reported interoception. However, worry at baseline predicted protective behaviors during the second wave, even after controlling for socio-economical characteristics and protective behaviors at baseline. Conclusion Our results highlight the adaptivity of health-related worry when behavioral steps to avoid threats are known and available. Also, higher level of perceived interoception did not appear to be health protective under these circumstances.

ABSTRACT Objective: Substance misuse can lead to several consequences for physical and mental health. Physical exercise is an important ally to pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment for substance use. However, the literature is still scarce regarding long-term interventions. Thus, this study aims to describe the acceptability and effects of combined physical training intervention (aerobic and strength). Methods: This study comprises an n-of-1 clinical trial that was performed with a 64-year-old male individual with alcohol use disorder. The treatment lasted 12 weeks and evaluated the association of multidisciplinary interventions on quality of life, depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, and anxiety. Results: The participant improved general quality of life (12.5%), no alterations were found for depressive symptoms, there was an improvement in cognition (20%), as well a reduction in the trait (16.2%) and state (14.7%) anxiety symptoms of the participant. Conclusions: These findings allude to the importance of non-drug therapeutic resources such as structured physical exercise, associated with other offers in the treatment of alcohol use disorder.

RESUMO Objetivo: O uso de substâncias psicoativas pode levar a diversas consequências à saúde física e mental. O exercício físico é um importante aliado ao tratamento farmacológico e psicoterápico para o uso de substâncias. No entanto, a literatura ainda é escassa em relação às intervenções de longa duração. Dessa forma, este estudo objetiva descrever a aceitabilidade e os efeitos de uma intervenção de treinamento físico combinado (aeróbico e força). Métodos: Este estudo compreende um n-of-1 clinical trial que foi realizado com um indivíduo do sexo masculino, de 64 anos de idade, com transtorno por uso de álcool. O tratamento teve a duração de 12 semanas e avaliou a associação de intervenções multiprofissionais sobre a qualidade de vida, sintomas depressivos, comprometimento cognitivo e ansiedade. Resultados: O participante melhorou a qualidade de vida geral (12,5%), não foram encontradas alterações para sintomas depressivos, houve melhora na cognição (20%), bem como redução nos sintomas de ansiedade traço (16,2%) e estado (14,7%) do participante. Conclusões: Esses achados aludem à importância de recursos terapêuticos não medicamentosos como o exercício físico estruturado, associados às demais ofertas no tratamento para o transtorno por uso de álcool.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate prenatal education and its relationship with anxiety and stress in pregnant women. METHODS: This research was carried out between July 1, 2022, and December 1, 2023, at Giresun Gynecology and Pediatrics Training and Research Hospital. Women aged >18 years at >20 weeks of pregnancy were included. Patients were randomized into two groups, and one group received a 4 week training on meditation, breathing exercises, and pregnancy-related health issues. A questionnaire was applied to both groups to analyze sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy, birth, medical history, the Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale, and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory. RESULT: The groups were similar in terms of age, educational status, anthropometric characteristics, occupation, economic status, and gestational week. There was no difference between the trained and nontrained groups in terms of the Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale score and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory-state score. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory-trait was significantly lower in the trained group (p=0.033). There were weak positive correlations between Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale score and medication use and between State Trait Anxiety Inventory-state score and age. A negative correlation was found between the State Trait Anxiety Inventory-state score and working status, showing that employed women had lower anxiety scores irrespective of training. Another weak positive correlation was found between the State Trait Anxiety Inventory-trait score and the presence of comorbidities. CONCLUSION: State Trait Anxiety Inventory-trait anxiety was lower in pregnant women who received training on prenatal meditation, exercise, and pregnancy health; however, State Trait Anxiety Inventory-state and Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale scores were similar in the two groups. Unemployed pregnant women and those with chronic diseases appear to need closer follow-up to reduce anxiety levels.

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate trait and state anxiety levels among intensivecare professionals during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: Cross-sectional, analytical study, conducted from April to July 2022, in a teaching hospital in southern Brazil, using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scale. Results: Trait and state anxiety were present in more than half of the sample, being associated with gender, age group, having children, weekly workload, time working in the hospital and ICU (p<0.05) for the state; and associated with gender, having children, profession, daily and weekly workload, and time working in the hospital (p<0.05) for the trait. Conclusion: Trait and state anxiety were medium to high level for women, young, without children, non-nurses, with a daily shift of 9 to 18 working hours, a weekly workload of more than 40 hours, with less than five years of experience in intensive care and with more than five years of experience working in the institution.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Estimar los niveles de ansiedad rasgo y estado entre los profesionales de salud de cuidados intensivos durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Método: Estudio transversal, analítico, realizado de abril a julio de 2022, en un hospital escuela del sur de Brasil, utilizando la escala Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo. Resultados: La ansiedad rasgo y estado estuvo presente en más de la mitad de la muestra, asociándose con el género, grupo etario, tener hijos, carga horaria semanal, tiempo de trabajo en el hospital y UCI (p<0,05) para el estado; y asociado al género, tener hijos, profesión, carga diaria y semanal y tiempo de trabajo en el hospital (p<0,05) para el rasgo. Conclusión: La ansiedad rasgo y estado fue media a alta para mujeres, jóvenes, sin hijos, no enfermeras, con jornada diaria de 9 a 18 horas, carga laboral semanal de más de 40 horas, con menos de cinco años de experiencia en terapia cuidados intensivos y tiempo de trabajo en la institución por más de cinco años.

RESUMO Objetivo: Estimar os níveis de ansiedade traço e estado entre profissionais da saúde daterapia intensiva durante a pandemia Covid-19. Método: Estudo transversal, analítico, realizado de abril-julho de 2022, num hospital de ensino do sul do Brasil, utilizando a escala Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado. Resultados: A ansiedade traço e estado estiveram presentes em mais da metade da amostra, sendo associada ao sexo, faixa etária, ter filhos, carga horária semanal, tempo de trabalho no hospital e na UTI (p<0,05) para o estado; e associada ao sexo, ter filhos, profissão, carga horária diária e semanal, e tempo de trabalho no hospital (p<0,05) para o traço. Conclusão: A ansiedade traço e estado foram de nível médio a alto para mulheres, jovens, sem filhos, não enfermeiras, com jornada diária de 9 a 18 horas trabalhadas, carga horária semanal acima de 40 horas, com experiência menor de cinco anos em terapia intensiva e quanto ao tempo de atuação na instituição maior que cinco anos.

Abstract Introduction Individuals diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) seek pleasurable foods to avoid their negative emotional experiences. Ineffective regulation of negative emotions may be a risk factor for emotional eating (EE), leading to suffering, dysfunctional behaviors, and weight gain. Objectives The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between emotional dysregulation and EE, investigating potential mediators such as the intensity of the worry, avoidance of internal experiences, mindfulness, and self-compassion in female patients with anxiety. Methods In this cross-sectional study, participants from a randomized clinical trial diagnosed with GAD answered the following instruments at baseline: the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21), the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), the Action and Acceptance Questionnaire (AAQ), the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), and the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). We estimated Pearson correlation coefficients and performed mediation analyses. Results We evaluated 51 female individuals, 34 of whom completed all the questionnaires. Our data showed that EE was positively correlated with emotional dysregulation (r = 0.593; p < 0.001), worry trait (r = 0.402; p = 0.018), and avoidance of internal experiences (r = 0.565; p < 0.001), whereas it was negatively correlated with self-compassion (r = -0.590; p < 0.001) and mindful state (r = -0.383; p = 0.026). Moreover, we demonstrated that self-compassion mediates the relationship between emotional dysregulation and EE (ab product estimate = 0.043, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.003-0.084). Conclusion Our findings contribute to the literature by identifying psychological factors that could mediate the association between emotional dysregulation and EE, enabling identification of more effective eating behavior intervention targets for patients with GAD.

ABSTRACT Objective: In this study we explore anxiety and fear of COVID-19 in women in the process of pregnancy during lockdown due to the SARS CoV-2 pandemic and their relationship with sociodemographic and clinical factors in a tertiary referral level hospital. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in pregnant women at the Lozano Blesa University Clinical Hospital in Zaragoza (Spain), from April 15, 2020 to May 15, 2020. A total of 168 women was recruited when they went to the hospital for a routine blood test for pregnancy. They answered a sociodemographic and clinical data questionnaire, the Spielberg state-trait anxiety questionnaire for anxiety, and a visual analog scale for fear of COVID. Results: Frequency of Trait anxiety was 50.7% (95% CI: 42.7–58.7) and 52.7% (95% CI: 44.7–60.7) for State anxiety. The mean visual analog scale for fear of COVID-19 in relation to pregnancy was 57.2 (95% CI: 52.4-61.8). A positive correlation was found between the scales. Statistically significant differences were found between rural and urban areas. Conclusion: The emotional impact of the COVID-19 is high among pregnant women and the levels of anxiety are higher than usual in these groups of women during the pandemic lockdown.

RESUMEN Objetivo: En este estudio exploramos la ansiedad y el miedo al COVID-19 en mujeres en proceso de embarazo durante el confinamiento por la pandemia de SARS CoV-2 y su relación con factores sociodemográficos y clínicos en un hospital de tercer nivel de referencia. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en mujeres embarazadas en el Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa de Zaragoza (España), desde el 15 de abril de 2020 al 15 de mayo de 2020. Se reclutó a un total de 168 mujeres cuando fueron al hospital para un análisis de sangre de rutina para control durante el embarazo. Respondieron un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos y clínicos, el cuestionario de ansiedad estado-rasgo de Spielberg para la ansiedad y una escala visual analógica para el miedo a la COVID. Resultados: La frecuencia de ansiedad rasgo fue del 50,7% (IC 95%: 42,7-58,7) y del 52,7% (IC 95%: 44,7-60,7) para la ansiedad estado. La media de la escala analógica visual de miedo a la COVID-19 en relación al embarazo fue de 57,2 (IC 95%: 52,4-61,8). Se encontró una correlación positiva entre las escalas. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las zonas rurales y urbanas. Conclusión: El impacto emocional de la COVID-19 es alto entre las mujeres embarazadas y los niveles de ansiedad son más altos de lo habitual en estos grupos de mujeres durante el confinamiento pandémico.