Abstract Introduction: The discussion on palliative care in high-tech environments and interventional practice represents one of the various aspects to be considered in the challenge of providing a continuum of wellness in living and dying for the elderly. Objective: To map and identify the existing works in the literature on nursing actions that focus on palliative care for elderly patients in surgical hospitalization settings. Materials and methods: This scoping review was conducted on eight databases, following the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review-Scoping Review guidelines. The following descriptors were used: nursing care; palliative care; elderly; surgery. The inclusion criteria were the following: primary research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials. The search was performed in three stages: database listing / pilot test; broad search/ application of the "PCC" strategy (population, concept, context); and full reading of the content. A total of 509 productions were retrieved and then managed using the Rayyan® software, of which 13 studies were selected. The protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework. Results: The total population consisted of 10,417 people aged from 60 to 109. The most frequent interventions included the physical dimension, for symptomatic control; the cultural dimension, in which the dilemmas present in an environment with a high expectation for recovery and rigid interventionist protocols were highlighted, as well as the communication dimension, which is a basic tool of palliative care. Conclusions: Elderly people with serious conditions can benefit from palliative care in the perioperative setting. However, there is a need for training nurses in pain management, empowerment to participate in ethical decisions, and training for better communication. It should be noted that evidence on interventions to improve palliative care is still limited by methodological flaws, so rigorous evaluations are needed to measure significant results for patients and care.

Resumen Introducción: La discusión sobre los cuidados paliativos en ambientes de alta tecnología y prácticas intervencionistas es uno de los muchos aspectos a considerar en el desafío de proporcionar un continuum de vivir y morir bien a los ancianos. Objetivo: Mapear e identificar la literatura existente sobre las acciones de enfermería dirigidas a los cuidados paliativos de los pacientes ancianos en el contexto de la hospitalización quirúrgica. Materiales y método: Se realizó una revisión exploratoria en ocho bases de datos, siguiendo las directrices del Instituto Joanna Briggs y los Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review-Scoping Review. Se utilizaron los siguientes descriptores: cuidados de enfermería; cuidados paliativos; ancianos; cirugía. Se seleccionaron como criterios de inclusión investigaciones primarias, revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis y ensayos clínicos. La búsqueda se realizó en tres etapas: listado base/ aplicación de prueba piloto; búsqueda amplia/aplicación de la estrategia "PCC" (population, concept, context); lectura completa de los materiales. Se devolvieron 509 producciones, gestionadas mediante el software Rayyan®, y se seleccionaron 13 estudios. El protocolo se registró en el Open Science Framework. Resultados: La población única total fue de 10 417 personas de entre 60 y 109 años. Las intervenciones más frecuentes se refieren a la dimensión física, de control sintomático; la dimensión cultural, en la que destacan los dilemas presentes en un entorno con altas expectativas de curación y rígidos protocolos intervencionistas, así como la dimensión comunicativa, herramienta básica de los cuidados paliativos. Conclusiones: Los ancianos con enfermedades graves pueden beneficiarse de los cuidados paliativos en el entorno perioperatorio. Sin embargo, es necesario formar al equipo de enfermería en el control del dolor, capacitarlo para participar en decisiones éticas y capacitarlo para una mejor comunicación. Cabe señalar que las pruebas sobre las intervenciones para mejorar los cuidados paliativos siguen estando limitadas por defectos metodológicos, por lo que se necesitan evaluaciones rigurosas para medir resultados significativos para los pacientes y la atención.

Resumo Introdução: A discussão sobre cuidados paliativos em ambientes de alta tecnologia e prática intervencionista representa um dos muitos aspectos a serem considerados no desafio de proporcionar um continuum de viver e morrer bem para a pessoa idosa. Objetivo: Mapear e identificar na literatura as produções existentes sobre as ações de enfermagem voltadas ao cuidado paliativo ao paciente idoso no contexto de hospitalização cirúrgica. Materiais e método: Revisão de escopo, realizada em oito bases de dados, seguindo as diretrizes do Joanna Briggs Institute e do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review-Scoping Review. Foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: cuidados de enfermagem; cuidados paliativos; idosos; cirurgia. Como critério de inclusão, foram selecionadas pesquisas primárias, revisões sistemáticas, metanálises e ensaios clínicos. A busca foi realizada em três etapas: arrolamento das bases/aplicação de teste-piloto; busca ampla/aplicação da estratégia "PCC" (population, concept, context); leitura completa dos materiais. Foram retornadas 509 produções, gerenciadas no software Rayyan®, das quais 13 estudos foram selecionados. O protocolo foi registrado no Open Science Framework. Resultados: A população total única foi de 10 417 pessoas, entre 60 e 109 anos. As intervenções mais frequentes dizem respeito à dimensão física, de controle sintomático; à dimensão cultural, na qual se destacam os dilemas presentes em ambiente com alta expectativa de cura e rígidos protocolos intervencionistas, bem como à dimensão da comunicação, ferramenta básica do cuidado paliativo. Conclusões: Pessoas idosas com doenças graves podem se beneficiar do cuidado paliativo no ambiente perioperatório. No entanto, há necessidade de aperfeiçoamento de enfermeiros no controle da dor, no empoderamento para a participação em decisões éticas e na capacitação para uma melhor comunicação. Ressalta-se que as evidências sobre intervenções para melhorar os cuidados paliativos ainda são limitadas por falhas metodológicas, portanto são necessárias avaliações rigorosas que meçam resultados significativos para os pacientes e para a assistência.

Abstract Introduction: Upper endoscopy is the standard method for diagnosing early-stage gastric cancer. However, according to estimates, up to 20% of tumors are not detected, and their accuracy may be affected by the variability in their performance. In Colombia, most diagnoses take place in advanced stages, which aggravates the problem. Protocols have been proposed to ensure the complete observation of areas prone to premalignant lesions to address variability. Objective: To build and validate an automatic audit system for endoscopies using artificial intelligence techniques. Methodology: In this study, 96 patients from a teaching hospital underwent video-documented endoscopies, spanning 22 stations rearranged to minimize overlaps and improve the identification of 13 key gastric regions. An advanced convolutional network was used to process the images, extracting visual characteristics, which facilitated the training of artificial intelligence in the classification of these areas. Results: the model, called Gastro UNAL, was trained and validated with images of 67 patients (70% of cases) and tested with 29 different patients (30% of cases), which reached an average sensitivity of 85,5% and a specificity of 98,8% in detecting the 13 gastric regions. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the model suggests its potential to ensure the quality and accuracy of endoscopies. This approach could confirm the regions evaluated, alerting less experienced or trained endoscopists about blind spots in the examinations, thus, increasing the quality of these procedures.

Resumen Introducción: La endoscopia digestiva alta es el método estándar para diagnosticar el cáncer gástrico en etapas tempranas. Sin embargo, su precisión puede verse afectada por la variabilidad en su realización, y se estiman hasta 20% de tumores no detectados. En Colombia, la mayoría de los diagnósticos se realizan en etapas avanzadas, lo que agrava el problema. Para abordar la variabilidad, se han propuesto protocolos con el fin de asegurar la observación completa de áreas propensas a lesiones premalignas. Objetivo: Construir y validar un sistema de auditoría automática para endoscopias usando técnicas de inteligencia artificial. Metodología: En este estudio, 96 pacientes de un hospital universitario se sometieron a endoscopias documentadas en video, abarcando 22 estaciones reorganizadas para minimizar solapamientos y mejorar la identificación de 13 regiones gástricas clave. Se utilizó una red convolucional avanzada para procesar las imágenes, extrayendo características visuales, lo que facilitó el entrenamiento de la inteligencia artificial en la clasificación de estas áreas. Resultados: El modelo, llamado Gastro UNAL, fue entrenado y validado con imágenes de 67 pacientes (70% de los casos) y probado con 29 pacientes distintos (30% de los casos), con lo que alcanzó una sensibilidad promedio del 85,5% y una especificidad del 98,8% en la detección de las 13 regiones gástricas. Conclusiones: La eficacia del modelo sugiere su potencial para asegurar la calidad y precisión de las endoscopias. Este enfoque podría confirmar las regiones evaluadas, alertando puntos ciegos en la exploración a los endoscopistas con menos experiencia o en entrenamiento, de tal forma que se aumente la calidad de estos procedimientos.

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar o efeito da ativação por meio de exercícios de força e pliométricos bilaterais ou unilaterais no desempenho do salto horizontal. Metodologia: O estudo envolveu 15 jogadores de futebol masculinos altamente treinados (idade, 24.7 ± 3.1 anos; altura, 181.2 ± 4.7 cm; peso, 79.7 ± 3.4 kg) da mesma equipe competindo na liga nacional. Sua rotina de treinamento regular consistia em 4 sessões e 1 jogo competitivo por semana. Os participantes realizaram 1 protocolo de controle (CON) e 3 protocolos de ativação seguindo um desenho contrabalanceado com base em exercícios específicos de futebol (SIN), exercícios de força e pliométricos bilaterais (BIL) e unilaterais (UNI). Após cada protocolo, os jogadores foram submetidos ao teste de salto horizontal (HZB). Resultados: A ANOVA de medidas repetidas revelou efeitos positivos significativos no HZB para os protocolos SIN (p<0.01; diff = 2.95(2.00) %), BIL (p<0.01; diff = 3.22(2.61) %) e UNI (p<0.01; diff = 6.80(3.40) %) em comparação com CON. Além disso, o HZB foi significativamente maior após o protocolo UNI do que após SIN (p<0.01; diff = 3.74(2.62) %) e BIL (p<0.01; diff = 3.47(1.94) %). A análise de resposta individual refletiu efeitos positivos no HZB para SIN, BIL e UNI em comparação com CON, enquanto 89 % dos jogadores mostraram melhor desempenho de HZB após UNI do que após BIL. Conclusões: A ativação incorporando estímulos de força e pliométricos unilaterais tem um efeito positivo maior na capacidade de salto horizontal do que a ativação envolvendo exercícios gerais, específicos do futebol e bilaterais.

Abstract Objective: To analyze the effect of activation through bilateral or unilateral strength and plyometric exercises on horizontal jump performance. Methodology: The study involved 15 highly trained male soccer players (age, 24.7 ± 3.1 years; height, 181.2 ± 4.7 cm; weight, 79.7 ± 3.4 kg) from the same team competing in the national league. Their regular training routine consisted of 4 sessions and 1 competitive match per week. Participants performed 1 control protocol (CON) and 3 activation protocols following a counterbalanced design based on specific soccer exercises (SIN), bilateral (BIL), and unilateral (UNI) strength and plyometric exercises. After each protocol, players underwent the horizontal jump test (HZB). Results: The repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant positive effects on HZB for the SIN (p<0.01; diff = 2.95(2.00) %), BIL (p<0.01; diff = 3.22(2.61) %), and UNI (p<0.01; diff = 6.80(3.40) %) protocols compared to CON. Furthermore, HZB was significantly higher after the UNI protocol than after SIN (p<0.01; diff = 3.74(2.62) %) and BIL (p<0.01; diff = 3.47(1.94) %). Individual response analysis reflected positive effects on HZB for SIN, BIL, and UNI compared to CON, while 89 % of players showed better HZB performance after UNI than after BIL. Conclusions: Activation incorporating unilateral strength and plyometric stimuli has a greater positive effect on horizontal jump capacity than activation involving general, soccer-specific, and bilateral exercises.

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar el efecto de una activación realizada a través de ejercicios de fuerza y pliometría ejecutados de forma bilateral o unilateral sobre el rendimiento en salto horizontal. Metodología: En el estudio participaron 15 futbolistas masculinos, altamente entrenados (edad, 24.7 ± 3.1 años; altura, 181.2 ± 4.7 cm; peso, 79.7 ± 3.4 kg) pertenecientes al mismo equipo, que competía en liga nacional. Su rutina de entrenamiento regular constaba de 4 sesiones y 1 partido competitivo por semana. Los participantes llevaron a cabo 1 protocolo control (CON) y 3 protocolos de activación, siguiendo un diseño contrabalanceado, basados en ejercicios específicos de fútbol (SIN), ejercicios de fuerza y pliometría ejecutados de forma bilateral (BIL) y unilateral (UNI). Después de cada protocolo los jugadores realizaron la prueba de salto horizontal (HZB). Resultados: Los resultados de la prueba ANOVA de medidas repetidas mostraron efectos positivos significativos sobre el HZB de los protocolos SIN (p<0.01; dif = 2.95(2.00)%), BIL (p<0.01; dif = 3.22(2.61) %); y UNI (p<0.01; dif = 6.80(3.40) %) con respecto a CON. Además, HZB fue, significativamente, mayor después del protocolo UNI que del SIN (p<0.01; dif = 3.74(2.62) %) y BIL (p<0.01; dif = 3.47(1.94) %). El análisis de la respuesta individual reflejó efectos positivos en HZB de los protocolos SIN, BIL y UNI respecto al CON, mientras que el 89 % de los jugadores tuvieron mejor rendimiento en HZB después de UNI que de BIL. Conclusiones: Una activación que incorpora estímulos de fuerza y pliometría ejecutados, de forma unilateral, tiene un efecto positivo mayor sobre la capacidad de salto horizontal, que una activación que involucra ejercicios generales, específicos de fútbol y de ejecución bilateral.

BACKGROUND. Nutrition support is recognised as an important therapy for attenuating the catabolic effects of critical illnesses, including malnutrition prevention. However, variations in nutrition support practices make it difficult to achieve optimal outcomes in the intensive care unit (ICU). OBJECTIVES. To explore current nutrition support practices among healthcare professionals (doctors and nurses) in the ICU of a tertiary hospital in Ghana. METHODS. Via a cross-sectional survey, the nutrition support practices and self-reported skills of 30 ICU healthcare professionals (23 nurses and 7 doctors) providing nutrition support were explored. Results are presented as themes with frequencies and proportions. Categorical data were analysed using Fisher's exact test. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS. Most of the respondents were young and had limited ICU experience. Almost half of the respondents were unaware of or were not familiar with the content of an in-house feeding protocol for both enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition support, despite a majority reporting the feeding protocol as the main source of nutrition support information. There was a general lack of standardisation of execution of most nutrition support practices, especially with the pattern of EN delivery, usual method of optimising EN, and gastric residual volume threshold used to guide practice. Most respondents self-reported being average/satisfactory in the management of nutrition support. CONCLUSION. The study revealed that healthcare professionals in our ICU had varying nutrition support practices and competencies. There is a need for standardised and practical feeding protocols in accessible formats, ongoing education, and training in nutrition support to improve nutrition support practices and competencies of healthcare professionals providing nutrition support in the ICU setting.

Abstract Introduction: Vacuum extraction is the instrument of choice for assisting instrumental delivery in developed countries. Objective: The aim of the study is to present the maternal and fetal outcomes of vacuum use in the Chilean population and promote its availability and usage in our country and Latin America. Method: The study was performed between October 2017 and December 2021, including patients who underwent instrumental delivery with a vacuum extraction at the Hospital San Juan de Dios in Chile. Successful vacuum deliveries were compared with deliveries where another instrument was required, or a cesarean section was performed after instrument use. Results: A total of 153 vacuum deliveries were carried out, accounting for 28.59% of all instrumental deliveries. 79.74% were successful. 5.88% did not receive anesthesia or received local anesthesia. Only 3.27% experienced perineal tear with involvement of the anal sphincter. 91.5% of newborns had no fetal complications. 20.3% required neonatal resuscitation. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that the vacuum is a safe and effective option for instrumental delivery in our population. Proper training and appropriate protocols are necessary to ensure successful outcomes.

Resumen Introducción: El vacuum es el instrumento de elección para asistir el parto instrumental en países desarrollados. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio es exponer los resultados maternos y fetales del uso del vacuum en población chilena y promover su disponibilidad y uso en nuestro país y Latinoamérica. Método: El estudio se realizó entre octubre de 2017 y diciembre de 2021, incluyendo a pacientes que tuvieron parto instrumental con vacuum en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Chile. Se compararon los partos exitosos con vacuum y los partos en los que se requirió el uso de otro instrumento o una cesárea posterior al uso del instrumento. Resultados: Se realizaron 153 vacuum, correspondientes al 28,59% del total de partos instrumentales. El 79,74% tuvo éxito. El 5,88% no recibió anestesia o se aplicó anestesia local. Solo el 3,27% presentó desgarro perineal con compromiso del esfínter anal. El 91,5% de los recién nacidos no tuvieron complicaciones fetales. Un 20,3% requirió reanimación neonatal. Conclusiones: El estudio muestra que el vacuum es una opción segura y efectiva de parto instrumental en nuestra población. La correcta capacitación y protocolos adecuados son necesarios para garantizar resultados exitosos.

RESUMEN Introducción: El test de fuerza submáxima parece ser válido para prescribir la intensidad en protocolos de entrenamiento de fuerza, reduciendo el riesgo de lesiones y la duración del test. Objetivo: Evaluar la capacidad predictiva de los parámetros de masa corporal para estimar 4-6 repeticiones máximas (4-6 RM) de ejercicios de Leg press 45°, Chest press y Pull-down realizados por fisicoculturistas. Métodos: Once fisicoculturistas masculinos (38,27 ± 10,48 años) participaron en el estudio. Completaron la carga externa incremental hasta encontrar la carga que les permitiera realizar de 4 a 6 repeticiones máximas para cada ejercicio, en orden aleatorio. La carga inicial se fijó en el 50% de la masa corporal para los ejercicios Chest press y Pull-down, y en el 100% para los ejercicios Leg press. El incremento de carga después de cada ronda fue de 20 kg para los miembros inferiores y 10 kg para los miembros superiores. Resultados: Los resultados revelaron que la masa corporal tiene relaciones satisfactorias con 4-6 RM para los tres ejercicios. Los resultados mostraron que la masa corporal tiene una buena capacidad predictiva en las tres medidas. Conclusión: Las ecuaciones de predicción sugeridas en este estudio pueden permitir a los entrenadores utilizar estos ejercicios para medir el rendimiento a 4-6 RM en ejercicios de Leg press 45°, Chest press y Pull-down. Nivel de Evidencia IV; serie de casos. Introducción Objetivo 46 4- (4- 45 45° Pulldown Pull down Métodos 38,27 3827 38 27 (38,2 1048 48 10,4 años ejercicio aleatorio 50 Pulldown, down, 100 2 1 superiores Resultados medidas Conclusión Pulldown. down. IV casos (4 38,2 382 3 (38, 104 10, 5 ( 38, (38 (3

ABSTRACT Introduction: Submaximal strength testing appears to be valid to prescribe the intensity for strength training protocols that reduce the risk of injuries and testing time. Objective: This study aimed to assess the predictive ability of body mass parameters to estimate 4-6 repetitions maximum (4-6 RM) of Leg press 45°, Chest press, and Pull-down exercises. Methods: Eleven male bodybuilders (age 38.27 ± 10.48 years) participated in this study. Participants completed an incremental external load up to find the load allowing them to perform 4 to 6 maximal repetitions for each exercise in random order. The starting load was 50% of body mass for chest press and pull-down exercises and 100% for leg press. The load increment after each set was 20 kg for lower limb exercises and 10 kg for upper body exercises. Results: Results revealed that body mass had good to optimal relationships with 4-6 RM for all three exercises. Results showed that body mass had a good prediction ability for all three criterion measures. Conclusion: The prediction equations suggested in this study may allow coaches to estimate the 4-6 RM of leg press 45°, chest press, and pull-down performances. Evidence Level IV; Case series. Introduction time Objective 46 4- (4- 45 45° Pulldown Pull down Methods age 3827 38 27 38.2 1048 48 10.4 years order 50 pulldown pull 100 2 1 measures Conclusion performances IV series (4 382 3 38. 104 10. 5 (

RESUMO Introdução: O teste de força submáxima parece ser válido para prescrever a intensidade nos protocolos de treinamento de força, reduzindo o risco de lesões e duração dos testes. Objetivo: Avaliar a capacidade preditiva dos parâmetros de massa corporal para estimar o exercício de 4-6 repetições máximas (4-6 RM) nos exercícios de Leg press 45°, Chest press e Pull-down efetuados por fisiculturistas. Métodos: Onze fisiculturistas masculinos (38,27 ± 10,48 anos) participaram do estudo. Eles completaram a carga externa incremental até encontrar a carga que lhes permitia realizar de 4 a 6 repetições máximas para cada exercício, em ordem aleatória. A carga inicial foi fixada em 50% da massa corporal para os exercícios de Chest press e Pull-down, e 100% para o de Leg press. O incremento de carga após cada rodada foi de 20 kg para o exercício de membros inferiores e 10 kg em membros superiores. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que a massa corporal apresenta relações satisfatórias com 4-6 RM para todos os três exercícios. Os resultados mostraram que a massa corporal possui boa capacidade preditiva em todas as três medidas. Conclusão: As equações de previsão sugeridas nesse estudo podem permitir o uso desses exercícios pelos técnicos para medir a performance a 4-6 RM nos exercícios de Leg press 45°, Chest press, e Pull-down. Nível de evidência IV; série de casos. Introdução testes Objetivo 46 4- (4- 45 45° Pulldown Pull down Métodos 38,27 3827 38 27 (38,2 1048 48 10,4 anos aleatória 50 Pulldown, down, 100 2 1 superiores Resultados medidas Conclusão Pulldown. down. IV casos (4 38,2 382 3 (38, 104 10, 5 ( 38, (38 (3

RESUMEN El entrenamiento de intervalos de alta intensidad (HIIT) promueve adaptaciones similares y, en algunos casos, superiores al entrenamiento aeróbico continuo de intensidad moderada. En esta condición, tiende a tener una mayor alteración fisiológica y acumulación de metabolitos en comparación con las intensidades submáximas, siendo uno de los principales factores asociados con la respuesta negativa del placer en el entrenamiento. Objetivo: Verificar la relación entre las respuestas fisiológicas y psicofisiológicas para repetir el entrenamiento de dos protocolos HIIT de carga del mismo volumen y diferentes períodos de trabajo en adultos entrenados de ambos sexos. Métodos: En un experimento aleatorizado, la muestra estuvo constituida por 9 individuos de 28±5 años, masa corporal 69,6±14,2 kg, altura 169±0,1cm, IMC 24,1±2,3 kg/m2 y porcentaje de grasa corporal 20,2±7,9% practicantes de ejercicios físicos aeróbicos estructurados durante al menos seis meses. Se realizaron dos protocolos HIIT diferentes en bicicleta estática, siendo protocolo 1: 0,5, con intensidad prescrita (80-90% de la FC MÁXIMA), protocolo 1: 2 con intensidad prescrita (total) con duración total del esfuerzo de 20 minutos e intervalo de al menos 48 horas entre cada sesión. Se analizaron la frecuencia cardíaca (FC), presión arterial sistémica (PAS), percepción subjetiva de esfuerzo (PSE), escala analógica visual (EVA), respuesta afectiva (FS), diversión (PACES) e intención de repetir la sesión. El análisis estadístico utilizado fue ANOVA con post-hoc de Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados: Los análisis de HR, PAS, EVA, PACES y PSE no mostraron diferencias significativas entre los protocolos de entrenamiento. La respuesta afectiva (FS e intención de repetir) mostró una disminución en el protocolo 1:0,5, pero sin significancia (p>0,05). Conclusión: Los datos permiten concluir que el protocolo 1:2 causó mayores alteraciones fisiológicas durante el esfuerzo y presentó mayor respuesta afectiva positiva e intención de repetir la sesión de ejercicio, variables que pueden contribuir para la adhesión al ejercicio físico. Nivel de Evidencia I; Estudios Terapéuticos - Investigación de los Resultados del Tratamiento. (HIIT casos moderada condición submáximas Objetivo sexos Métodos aleatorizado 285 28 5 28± años 696142 69 6 14 69,6±14, kg 16901cm cm 169 0 1cm 169±0,1cm 24123 24 1 3 24,1±2, kgm2 kgm m2 m kg/m 20279 7 20,2±7,9 meses estática 05 0,5 8090% 8090 80 90% 90 (80-90 MÁXIMA, MÁXIMA , MÁXIMA) (total 4 FC, (FC) PAS (PAS) PSE, (PSE) EVA (EVA) FS, FS (FS) (PACES posthoc post hoc p<0,05. p005 p p<0,05 . (p<0,05) HR 10,5, 105 1:0,5 p>0,05. p>0,05 (p>0,05) Conclusión 12 físico I Tratamiento 69614 69,6±14 16 2412 24,1±2 2027 20,2±7, 0, 809 8 (80-9 (FC (PAS (PSE (EVA p00 p<0,0 (p<0,05 10 10,5 1:0, p>0,0 (p>0,05 6961 69,6±1 241 24,1± 202 20,2±7 (80- p0 p<0, (p<0,0 10, 1:0 p>0, (p>0,0 696 69,6± 24,1 20,2± (80 p<0 (p<0, p>0 (p>0, 69,6 24, 20,2 (8 p< (p<0 p> (p>0 69, 20, ( (p< (p> (p

ABSTRACT High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) promotes similar adaptations and in some cases, superior to continuous aerobic training of moderate intensity, even when performed at all-out intensities. In this condition, it tends to have the greatest physiological disturbance and accumulation of metabolites compared to submaximal intensities, being one of the main factors associated with the negative response of pleasure in training. Objective: To verify the relationship between physiological and psychophysiological responses in order to repeat the training of two HIIT protocols of mesm volume load and different periods of work in trained adults of both sexes. Methods: In a randomized experiment, the sample consisted of 9 individuals aged 28±5 years, body mass 69.6±14.2 kg, height 169±0.1cm, BMI 24.1±2.3 kg/m2 and body fat percentage 20.2±7.9% practitioners of structured aerobic physical exercises for at least six months. Two different HIIT protocols were performed on an exercise bike, being (I) protocol 1:0.5, with prescribed intensity (80-90% of MAX HR), (II) protocol 1:2 with prescribed intensity (all-out) with total duration of effort of 20 minutes and interval of at least 48 hours between each session. Heart rate (HR), systemic blood pressure (SBP), subjective perception of exertion (SPE), visual analog scale (VAS), affective response (AR), fun (PACES) and intention to repeat the session were analyzed. The statistical analysis used was ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc (p<0.05). Results: The analyses of HR, SBP, VAS, PACES and SPE showed no significant difference between the training protocols. The affective response (AR and intention to repeat) showed a decline in the protocol 1:0.5, but without significance (p>0.05). Conclusion: The data allow us to conclude that the 1:2 protocol caused greater physiological disturbances during exertion and presented greater positive affective response and intention to repeat the exercise session, variables that may contribute to adherence to regular physical exercise. Level of Evidence I; Therapeutic studies - Investigation of treatment results. (HIIT cases allout all out intensities condition Objective sexes Methods experiment 285 28 5 28± years 696142 69 6 14 2 69.6±14. kg 16901cm cm 169 0 1cm 169±0.1cm 24123 24 1 3 24.1±2. kgm2 kgm m2 m kg/m 20279 7 20.2±7.9 months bike I (I 10.5, 105 0.5, 1:0.5 8090% 8090 80 90% 90 (80-90 HR , HR) II (II 12 1: (all-out 4 (HR) SBP (SBP) SPE, (SPE) VAS (VAS) AR, AR (AR) (PACES analyzed Tukeys Tukey s posthoc post hoc p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 . 05 (p<0.05) Results p>0.05. p>0.05 (p>0.05) Conclusion results 69614 69.6±14 16 2412 24.1±2 2027 20.2±7. 10 10.5 0.5 1:0. 809 8 (80-9 (HR (SBP (SPE (VAS p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 p>0.0 (p>0.05 6961 69.6±1 241 24.1± 202 20.2±7 10. 0. 1:0 (80- p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p>0. (p>0.0 696 69.6± 24.1 20.2± (80 p<0 (p<0. p>0 (p>0. 69.6 24. 20.2 (8 p< (p<0 p> (p>0 69. 20. ( (p< (p> (p

RESUMO O Treinamento Intervalado de Alta Intensidade (HIIT) promove adaptações semelhantes e em alguns casos, superiores ao treinamento aeróbico contínuo de intensidade moderada, mesmo quando executado em intensidades all out. Nesta condição, tende a maior perturbação fisiológica e acúmulo de metabólitos comparado a intensidades submáximas, sendo um dos principais fatores associados a resposta negativa de prazer no treinamento. Objetivo: Verificar qual relação entre respostas fisiológicas e psicofisiológicas na intenção de repetir o treinamento de dois protocolos HIIT de mesmo volume load e distintos períodos de trabalho, em adultos treinados de ambos os sexos. Métodos: Em experimento randomizado, a amostra foi composta por 9 indivíduos com idade entre 28±5 anos, massa corporal 69,6±14,2 kg, estatura 169±0,1cm, IMC 24,1±2,3 kg/m2 e percentual de gordura corporal 20,2±7,9% praticantes de exercícios físicos aeróbicos estruturados por pelo menos seis meses. Realizaram dois diferentes protocolos de HIIT em bicicleta ergométrica, sendo (I) protocolo 1:0,5, com intensidade prescrita (80-90% da FCmáx), (II) protocolo 1:2 com intensidade prescrita (all-out) com duração total de esforço de 20 minutos e intervalo de pelo menos 48 horas entre cada sessão. Foram analisados frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistêmica (PAS), percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE), escala visual analógica (EVA), resposta afetiva (FS), divertimento (PACES) e intenção de repetir a sessão. A análise estatística usada foi ANOVA com post-hoc de Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados: As análises da FC, PAS, EVA, PACES e PSE não apresentaram diferença significativa entre os protocolos de treinamento. As respostas afetivas (FS e intenção de repetir) apresentaram maior declínio no protocolo 1:0,5, porém sem significância (p>0,05). Conclusão: Os dados permitem concluir que o protocolo 1:2 provocou maiores perturbações fisiológicas durante esforço e apresentou maior resposta afetiva positiva e intenção de repetir a sessão de exercício, variáveis que podem vir a contribuir na aderência à prática regular de exercícios físicos. Nível de Evidência I; Estudos terapêuticos – Investigação dos resultados do tratamento. (HIIT casos moderada out condição submáximas Objetivo trabalho sexos Métodos randomizado 285 28 5 28± anos 696142 69 6 14 2 69,6±14, kg 16901cm cm 169 0 1cm 169±0,1cm 24123 24 1 3 24,1±2, kgm2 kgm m2 m kg/m 20279 7 20,2±7,9 meses ergométrica I (I 10,5, 105 0,5, 1:0,5 8090% 8090 80 90% 90 (80-90 FCmáx, FCmáx , FCmáx) II (II 12 1: allout (all-out 4 FC (FC) PAS (PAS) PSE, (PSE) EVA (EVA) FS, FS (FS) (PACES posthoc post hoc p<0,05. p005 p p<0,05 . 05 (p<0,05) Resultados p>0,05. p>0,05 (p>0,05) Conclusão exercício tratamento 69614 69,6±14 16 2412 24,1±2 2027 20,2±7, 10 10,5 0,5 1:0, 809 8 (80-9 (FC (PAS (PSE (EVA p00 p<0,0 (p<0,05 p>0,0 (p>0,05 6961 69,6±1 241 24,1± 202 20,2±7 10, 0, 1:0 (80- p0 p<0, (p<0,0 p>0, (p>0,0 696 69,6± 24,1 20,2± (80 p<0 (p<0, p>0 (p>0, 69,6 24, 20,2 (8 p< (p<0 p> (p>0 69, 20, ( (p< (p> (p

RESUMEN Introducción: En actividades físicas prolongadas, la reposición de agua y el glucógeno muscular son factores limitantes en los corredores de maratón. La carga de carbohidratos (CHO) en los días previos a la competencia de resistencia es un método empleado para optimizar las reservas de glucógeno muscular y el rendimiento del ejercicio. Cómo cada gramo de glucógeno muscular se une a ≈ 2,7 a 4 gramos de agua, puede producirse retención de agua durante las dietas ricas en carbohidratos. Objetivo: Evaluar las diferencias entre las estrategias de carga de carbohidratos (Bergström y Sherman) en el contenido de agua intracelular (AIC) o extracelular (AEC). Métodos: Veintitrés corredores fueron asignados aleatoriamente a dos intervenciones (Bergström y Sherman) en un diseño cruzado. Los participantes se sometieron a una evaluación inicial antes de los 3 días de agotamiento del glucógeno, seguido de 3 días de carga de carbohidratos con un tiempo de “washout” de 30 días que consistía en una dieta y entrenamiento normales. Se utilizó bioimpedancia multifrecuencia (BIS) para evaluar AIC y AEC al inicio, después del agotamiento y después de CHO para determinar cualquier diferencia entre las dos intervenciones. También se obtuvieron muestras de sangre para evaluar el potasio. Se determinaron asociaciones entre AIC, AEC y glucógeno muscular. Resultados: No hubo diferencias en el contenido de AIC o AEC entre las dos intervenciones en ningún momento. Hubo un efecto de tiempo para AIC, con un aumento desde Post-agotamiento hasta Post-CHO sin ninguna diferencia entre las intervenciones. El potasio plasmático disminuyó entre el inicio y el post-agotamiento en ambas condiciones. No hubo diferencia en el contenido de glucógeno muscular entre las intervenciones o momentos. Conclusión: No hubo diferencias en el contenido de AIC y AEC entre las dos intervenciones en ningún momento. Nivel de Evidencia I; Pruebas de Criterios Diagnóstico Desarrollados Previamente. Introducción prolongadas maratón (CHO ejercicio 27 2 7 2, Objetivo Bergström Sherman (AIC AEC. . (AEC) Métodos cruzado washout “washout normales BIS (BIS Resultados momento Postagotamiento Post PostCHO postagotamiento post condiciones momentos Conclusión I Previamente (AEC

ABSTRACT Introduction: In prolonged physical activities, water replacement and muscle glycogen content are limiting factors in marathon runners. Carbohydrate-loading (CHO) in the days prior to endurance competition is a commonly employed method to optimise muscle glycogen stores and optimise exercise performance. Since each gram of muscle glycogen binds ∼2.7-4 grams of water, water retention may occur during carbohydrate-loading diets. Objective: To evaluate differences between CHO loading strategies (Bergström and Sherman) on intracellular (ICW) and extracellular (ECW) water content. Methods: Twenty-three runners were randomly allocated to two interventions (Bergström and Sherman) in a crossover design. Participants underwent a baseline evaluation before 3 days of glycogen depletion followed by 3 days of carbohydrate loading with a washout of 30 days consisting of normal diet and training. Multifrequency bioimpedance (BIS) was used to assess ICW and ECW at Baseline, Post-depletion and Post-CHO to determine any differences between Bergström and Sherman protocols. Blood samples were also obtained to assess potassium levels. Associations between ICW and ECW and muscle glycogen were determined. Results: There were no differences in ICW or ECW content between the two interventions at any moment. There was an effect of time for ICW, with an increase from Post-depletion to Post-CHO without any difference between interventions. Plasma potassium decreased from Baseline to Post-depletion in both conditions. There was no difference in muscle glycogen content between interventions or moments. Conclusion: There were no differences in ICW and ECW content between the Bergström and Sherman interventions at any moment. Level of Evidence I; Tests of Previously Developed Diagnostic Criteria. Introduction activities Carbohydrateloading Carbohydrate (CHO performance ∼2.74 274 ∼2.7 4 2 7 ∼2.7- carbohydrateloading diets Objective (ICW (ECW Methods Twentythree Twenty three design training BIS (BIS Postdepletion Post PostCHO protocols levels determined Results moment conditions moments Conclusion I Criteria 74 27 ∼2. ∼2 ∼

RESUMO Introdução: Em atividades físicas prolongadas a reposição hídrica e o conteúdo de glicogênio muscular são fatores limitantes em corredores de maratonas. O carregamento de carboidrato (CHO) nos dias anteriores à competição de resistência é um método comumente empregado para otimizar os estoques de glicogênio muscular e o desempenho no exercício. Uma vez que cada grama de glicogênio muscular liga-se a ≈2,7 a 4 gramas de água, a retenção hídrica pode ocorrer durante dietas de carregamento de carboidrato. Objetivo: Avaliar diferenças entre as estratégias de carregamento de carboidratos (Bergström e Sherman) no teor de água intracelular (AIC) ou água extracelular (AEC). Métodos: Vinte e três corredores foram alocados aleatoriamente para duas intervenções (Bergström e Sherman) num delineamento em “crossover”. Os participantes foram submetidos a uma avaliação inicial antes dos 3 dias de depleção de glicogênio, seguidos por 3 dias de carga de carboidratos com tempo de “washout” de 30 dias consistindo em dieta e treinamento normais. Utilizou-se a bioimpedância multifrequencial (BIS) para avaliar AIC e AEC na Etapa Inicial, Pós-depleção e Pós-CHO para determinar quaisquer diferenças entre os protocolos de Bersgstrom e Sherman. Também foram obtidas coletas de sangue para avaliar o potássio. Foram determinadas associações entre AIC, AEC e glicogênio muscular. Resultados: Não houve diferenças no conteúdo de AIC ou AEC entre as duas intervenções em qualquer momento. Houve um efeito do tempo para AIC, com aumento da etapa Pós-depleção para Pós-CHO sem qualquer diferença entre as intervenções. O potássio plasmático diminuiu entre a Linha de base e Pós-depleção em ambas condições. Não houve diferença no conteúdo de glicogênio muscular entre intervenções ou momentos. Conclusão: Não houve diferenças no conteúdo de AIC e AEC entre as intervenções de Bergström e Sherman em qualquer momento. Nível de Evidência I; Testes de Critérios Diagnósticos Desenvolvidos Anteriormente. Introdução maratonas CHO (CHO exercício ligase liga se 27 2 7 ≈2, Objetivo (AIC AEC. . (AEC) Métodos crossover. crossover “crossover” washout “washout normais Utilizouse Utilizou BIS (BIS Inicial Pósdepleção Pós PósCHO Resultados momento condições momentos Conclusão I Anteriormente ≈2 (AEC “crossover ≈

Resumen Objetivo Elaborar y validar el contenido de un bundle para la cuantificación de pérdida sanguínea posparto vaginal. Métodos Estudio metodológico, llevado a cabo de febrero a agosto de 2022, en tres etapas: análisis bibliográfico, construcción del instrumento y validación de contenido por 14 expertos. El instrumento para validación consistió en 11 ítems seleccionados a partir de revisión sistemática. Se aplicó la escala Likert para cada ítem del bundle; y para verificar la concordancia entre expertos, se calculó el Índice de Concordancia. Se consideraron válidos los ítems con concordancia superior a 80 %. La validación de contenido se realizó en una única ronda de evaluación. Resultados La versión final del bundle consistió en nueve ítems. Los cuidados propuestos están relacionados con la cuantificación directa del sangrado posparto y su registro, la observación de la puérpera, la utilización de protocolos institucionales en casos de hemorragia posparto, así como también la capacitación del equipo. Conclusión El estudio permitió elaborar y validar un bundle para la cuantificación de pérdida sanguínea posparto vaginal, con el fin de mejorar el diagnóstico de hemorragia posparto. vaginal metodológico 2022 etapas bibliográfico 1 expertos sistemática Concordancia 8 % evaluación registro puérpera equipo 202 20 2

Abstract Objective To construct and validate the content of a bundle to quantify vaginal blood loss after childbirth. Methods This is a methodological study developed from February to August 2022, divided into bibliographic survey, instrument construction and content validity, by 14 experts. The instrument for validity consisted of 11 items selected from a systematic review. For each item in the bundle, a Likert scale was applied, and to check agreement among experts, the Concordance Index was calculated. Items with agreement above 80% were considered valid. Content validity was carried out in a single round of assessment. Results The final version of the bundle consisted of nine items. The proposed care is related to direct quantification of postpartum bleeding and its recording, observation of postpartum women, use of institutional protocols in cases of postpartum hemorrhage as well as team training. Conclusion The study allowed constructing and validating a bundle for quantifying vaginal blood loss after childbirth, with a view to improving postpartum hemorrhage diagnosis. childbirth 2022 survey 1 experts review applied calculated 80 valid assessment recording women training diagnosis 202 8 20 2

Resumo Objetivo Construir e validar o conteúdo de um bundle para quantificação da perda sanguínea pós-parto vaginal. Métodos Estudo metodológico desenvolvido de fevereiro a agosto de 2022, em três etapas: levantamento bibliográfico, construção do instrumento e validação de conteúdo por 14 experts. O instrumento para validação foi composto por 11 itens selecionados a partir de revisão sistemática. Para cada item do bundle aplicou-se escala Likert e para verificar a concordância entre experts, calculou-se o Índice de Concordância. Consideraram-se válidos os itens com concordância acima de 80%. A validação de conteúdo foi realizada em uma única rodada de avaliação. Resultados A versão final do bundle foi composta por nove itens. Os cuidados propostos estão relacionados à quantificação direta do sangramento pós-parto e seu registro, observação da puérpera, a utilização de protocolos institucionais em casos de hemorragia pós-parto, assim como a capacitação da equipe. Conclusão O estudo permitiu construir e validar bundle para quantificação da perda sanguínea pós-parto vaginal, com vistas à melhora do diagnóstico de hemorragia pós-parto. pósparto pós parto vaginal 2022 etapas bibliográfico 1 experts sistemática aplicouse aplicou se calculouse calculou Concordância Consideraramse Consideraram 80 80% avaliação registro puérpera pósparto, parto, equipe pósparto. parto. 202 8 20 2

Abstract Introduction The maternal mortality rate in developing countries, such as Brazil, has significantly increased since 2020. Obstetric Emergencies (OE) account for 72.5% of these deaths. A national survey was conducted in Brazil to evaluate how gynecologists and obstetricians deal with OE and identify the main difficulties regarding theoretical/practical knowledge and structural resources. Methods An electronic questionnaire assessing resource availability, health teams, institutional protocols, and provision of OE training courses was completed by Brazilian obstetricians. Results More than 90 % of the questionnaire respondents reported treating a pregnant and/or puerperal patient with severe morbidity and that their health network has human resources, trained professionals, and structural resources required for this type of care. However, few respondents participate in continuing education programs (36 %) or specific training for the medical team (61.41 %). The implementation rates of obstetric risk identification protocols (33.09 %), a rapid response team (46.54 %), and boxes and emergency cart assembly teams (71.68 %) were determined. Conclusion A high Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) may be related to disorganized healthcare systems, low implementation of risk classification protocols for the care of severe maternal and fetal conditions, and lack of access to continued/specific training programs. The Brazilian MMR is multifactorial. According to obstetricians, Brazilian health services include care teams, essential medications, obstetric centers, and clinical analysis laboratories, though they lack systematized processes and permanent professional training for qualified care of OE. countries 2020 (OE 725 72 5 72.5 deaths theoreticalpractical theoretical practical availability 9 andor professionals However 36 (3 61.41 6141 61 41 (61.4 %. . 33.09 3309 33 09 (33.0 %, , 46.54 4654 46 54 (46.5 71.68 7168 71 68 (71.6 determined (MMR systems conditions continuedspecific continued multifactorial medications centers laboratories 202 7 72. 3 ( 61.4 614 6 4 (61. 33.0 330 0 (33. 46.5 465 (46. 71.6 716 (71. 20 61. (61 33. (33 46. (46 71. (71 2 (6 (4 (7

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Viral hepatitis is a major public health concern worldwide. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze the factors that facilitate access to care for viral hepatitis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Using a sequential mixed method, this evaluation research was conducted in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. METHODS: Mapping of references and selection of regions were made based on the quantity and heterogeneity of services. The stakeholders, including the managers of the State Department of Health and professionals from reference services, were identified. Nine semi-structured interviews were conducted using content analysis and discussions guided by the dimensions of the analysis model of universal access to health services. RESULTS: In the political dimension, decentralizing services and adhering to the Intermunicipal Health Consortium are highly encouraged. In the economic-social dimension, a commitment exists to allocate public funds for the expansion of referral services and subsidies to support users in their travel for appointments, medications, and examinations. In the organizational dimension, the availability of inputs for testing, definition of user flow, ease of scheduling appointments, coordination by primary care in testing, collaboration following the guidelines and protocols, and engagement in extramural activities are guaranteed. In the technical dimension, professionals actively commit to the service and offer different opening hours, guarantee the presence of an infectious physician, expand training opportunities, and establish intersectoral partnerships. In the symbolic dimension, professionals actively listen to the experiences of users throughout their care trajectory and demonstrate empathy. CONCLUSIONS: The results are crucial for improving comprehensiveness, but necessitate managerial efforts to enhance regional governance. BACKGROUND worldwide OBJECTIVES SETTING method Grosso Brazil METHODS stakeholders identified semistructured semi structured RESULTS dimension encouraged economicsocial economic social appointments medications examinations testing flow protocols guaranteed hours physician opportunities partnerships empathy CONCLUSIONS comprehensiveness governance

Abstract This study is the first to apply training impulse (TRIMP) and Training Monotony (TM) methodologies, within the realm of sport science, in animal model studies. Rats were divided into Sedentary (SED, n=10) and Training (TR, n=13). TR performed a four-week moderate-intensity interval training with load progression. Lactate kinetics, lactate training impulse (TRIMPLac), maximal speed training impulse (TRIMPSmax) and TM were utilized to develop and monitor training protocol. TR showed an 11.9% increase in time to exhaustion at the second maximum incremental test and a 17.5% increase at the third test. External work was increased by 17.8% at the second test and 30.3% at the third. There was a 10.6% increase in external work at the third test compared to the second for TR. No difference in TRIMPLac between the 1st week (94±9 A.U) and 3rdweek (83±10 A.U) were seen. TRIMPSmax was 2400 A.U. in the 1st week, 2760 A.U. in the 2nd and 3rd weeks, and 3120 A.U. in the 4th week. The TM remained at 1.24 A.U throughout the protocol and there was no dropouts. TRIMPLac and TRIMPSmax contributed to the development and monitoring loads, demonstrating their potential to improve the accuracy of training protocols in animal model research. TRIMP (TRIMP (TM methodologies science studies SED, SED (SED n=10 n10 n 10 TR, (TR n=13. n13 n=13 . 13 n=13) fourweek four moderateintensity moderate intensity progression kinetics TRIMPLac, , (TRIMPLac) (TRIMPSmax 119 11 9 11.9 175 17 5 17.5 178 8 17.8 303 30 3 30.3 106 6 10.6 st 94±9 949 94 (94± AU A U rdweek 83±10 8310 83 (83±1 seen 240 276 nd rd weeks 312 th 124 1 24 1.2 dropouts loads research n=1 n1 (TRIMPLac 11. 17. 30. 10. 94± (94 83±1 831 (83± 27 31 12 2 1. n= (9 83± (83 ( (8

Abstract Difficult airway management represents a major challenge, requiring a careful approach, advanced technical expertise, and accurate protocols. The task force of the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology (SBA) presents a report with updated recommendations for the management of difficult airway in adults. These recommendations were developed based on the consensus of a group of expert anesthesiologists, aiming to provide strategies for managing difficulties during tracheal intubation. They are based on evidence published in international guidelines and opinions of experts. The report underlines the essential steps for proper difficult airway management, encompassing assessment, preparation, positioning, pre-oxygenation, minimizing trauma, and maintaining arterial oxygenation. Additional strategies for using advanced tools, such as video laryngoscopy, flexible bronchoscopy, and supraglottic devices, are discussed. The report considers recent advances in understanding crisis management, and the implementation seeks to further patient safety and improve clinical outcomes. The recommendations are outlined to be uncomplicated and easy to implement. The report underscores the importance of ongoing education, training in realistic simulations, and familiarity with the latest technologies available. challenge approach expertise protocols SBA (SBA adults anesthesiologists intubation experts assessment preparation positioning preoxygenation, preoxygenation pre oxygenation, oxygenation pre-oxygenation trauma tools laryngoscopy bronchoscopy devices discussed outcomes implement education simulations available

Abstract Difficult airway management in pediatrics during anesthesia represents a major challenge, requiring a careful approach, advanced technical expertise, and accurate protocols. The task force of the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology (SBA) presents a report containing updated recommendations for the management of difficult airways in children and neonates. These recommendations have been developed based on the consensus of a panel of experts, with the objective of offering strategies to overcome challenges during airway management in pediatric patients. Grounded in evidence published in international guidelines and expert opinions, the report highlights crucial steps for the appropriate management of difficult airways in pediatrics, encompassing assessment, preparation, positioning, pre-oxygenation, minimizing trauma, and, paramountly, the maintenance of arterial oxygenation. The report also delves into additional strategies involving the use of advanced tools, such as video laryngoscopy, flexible intubating bronchoscopy, and supraglottic devices. Emphasis is placed on the simplicity of implementing the outlined recommendations, with a focus on the significance of continuous education, training through realistic simulations, and familiarity with the latest available technologies. These practices are deemed essential to ensure procedural safety and contribute to the enhancement of anesthesia outcomes in pediatrics. challenge approach expertise protocols SBA (SBA neonates experts patients opinions assessment preparation positioning preoxygenation, preoxygenation pre oxygenation, oxygenation pre-oxygenation trauma paramountly tools laryngoscopy bronchoscopy devices education simulations technologies

Abstract Qualitative action-research research aimed to describe the process of reorganizing the care flow of a UPA to face the COVID-19 pandemic, based on the implementation of care protocols. The collective problem was the organization of the care flow for people with the flu syndrome (FS). The study considered the action-research cycles proposed by Tripp (2005). In the planning phase, the flow of care for patients with FS was developed through the analysis of regulations, physical structure, and available resources. During implementation, intersectoral partnerships were established for physical adaptation, training of professionals, and resizing of the team. The planning and implementation process was described based on reports and data were collected from the unit's management equipment and the Municipal Health Department. The evaluation was carried out continuously, based on feedback from the literature and reflected practice. The reorganization of the unit with the implementation of protocols and division of flows showed positive points, such as participation and involvement of the team, review of processes, search for evidence, and intersectoral partnerships; and negative, such as the difficulty in separating FS patients within the physical structure of the UPA. actionresearch action COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pandemic FS. . (FS) 2005. 2005 (2005) phase regulations resources adaptation professionals team units s Department continuously practice points processes evidence negative COVID1 1 COVID- (FS 200 (2005 20 (200 2 (20 (2 (

Resumo Pesquisa qualitativa tipo pesquisa-ação cujo objetivo foi descrever o processo de reorganização do fluxo assistencial de uma UPA para o enfrentamento da pandemia de Covid-19, a partir da implantação de protocolos assistenciais. O problema coletivo foi a organização do fluxo de atendimento de pessoas com síndrome gripal (SG). O estudo considerou os ciclos da pesquisa-ação propostos por Tripp (2005). Na fase de planejamento foi desenvolvido o fluxo de atendimentos de pacientes com SG mediante análise de normativas, estrutura física e recursos disponíveis. Durante a implementação, foram estabelecidas parcerias intersetoriais para adequação física, capacitação dos profissionais e redimensionamento da equipe. A descrição do processo de planejamento e implementação deu-se por meio de relatórios e dados coletados dos equipamentos de gestão da unidade e da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. A avaliação foi realizada de forma contínua, com base na retroalimentação da literatura e da prática refletida. A reorganização da unidade com implantação de protocolos assistenciais e divisão de fluxos evidenciou pontos positivos, como participação e envolvimento da equipe, revisão de processos, busca por evidências e parcerias intersetoriais; e negativos, como a dificuldade na segregação do paciente com SG dentro da estrutura física da UPA. pesquisaação pesquisa ação Covid19, Covid19 Covid 19, 19 Covid-19 SG. . (SG) 2005. 2005 (2005) normativas disponíveis equipe deuse deu se Saúde contínua refletida positivos processos negativos Covid1 1 Covid-1 (SG 200 (2005 Covid- 20 (200 2 (20 (2 (