RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a influência de diferentes épocas de plantio e variáveis meteorológicas no desempenho produtivo da mandioca industrial na região do Agreste de Alagoas. Os tratamentos foram cinco datas de plantio, com espaçamento temporal de 25 dias entre elas: D1 - 10 de abril, D2 - 05 de maio, D3 - 30 de maio, D4 - 24 de junho e D5 - 19 de julho. O período experimental foi de abril de 2021 a setembro de 2023, dois ciclos de cultivo. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: dados agrometeorológicas e de crescimento e produção da cultura. Na região do Agreste de Alagoas, entre as estações chuvosa e seca, a ET0 média diária varia de 2,9 a 4,7 mm, respectivamente. A temperatura média do ar é 24,3 °C e atende as demandas térmicas da cultura da mandioca. A precipitação anual é suficiente para garantir a produção de mandioca, porém, há sazonalidade nas chuvas, com período seco da primavera ao verão, o que prejudica plantios mais tardios. Na região do Agreste de Alagoas, o melhor período para o plantio da mandioca é de 10 de abril a 5 de maio, que é o início do período chuvoso da região e garante melhores resultados em: altura do dossel vegetativo (3,2 m), diâmetro do caule (2,8 cm), índice de área foliar (3,0), comprimento máximo (43,1 cm), número (6,6) e rendimento de raízes (72,8 t ha-1), biomassa total (145 t ha-1) e teor de amido (34,3%).

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different planting times and meteorological variables on the productive performance of industrial cassava in the Agreste region of Alagoas state, Brazil. The treatments were five planting dates, 25 days apart: D1 - April 10, D2 - May 5, D3 - May 30, D4 - June 24 and D5 - July 19. The experiment was conducted from April 2021 to September 2023 (two cultivation cycles), using randomized blocks, with four replicates. The variables analyzed were agrometeorological data, crop growth and yield. In the Agreste region of Alagoas, the average daily ET0 varies from 2.9 to 4.7 mm between the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. The average temperature of 24.3 °C meets the thermal demands of cassava cultivation. Although annual rainfall is sufficient to guarantee cassava production, it is seasonal, with a dry period from spring to summer, which compromises subsequent plantings. In the Agreste region of Alagoas, the best time to plant cassava is from April 10 to May 5, which is the beginning of the rainy season and ensures better vegetative canopy height (3.2 m), stem diameter (2.8 cm), leaf area index (3.0), maximum root length (43.1 cm), number (6.6) and yield (72.8 t ha-1), total biomass (145 t ha-1) and starch content (34.3%).

RESUMO A cultura do tomate cereja é sensível ao déficit hídrico, sendo necessário um adequado manejo da irrigação, principalmente em regiões, cujo regime pluviométrico é irregular. Diante do exposto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a viabilidade do índice térmico para determinação do déficit hídrico em tomate cereja sob diferentes estratégias de irrigação com déficit controlado e uso de condicionador de solo tipo hidrogel. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com arranjo fatorial 5 × 2, em parcelas subdivididas, referentes às cinco estratégias de irrigação (FI - Irrigação plena, RD - Irrigação com déficit hídrico regular, S3 - Irrigação com déficit controlado na fase vegetativa, S4 - Irrigação com déficit controlado na fase de florescimento e frutificação, S5 - Irrigação com déficit controlado na fase de maturação e colheita) com déficit hídrico estabelecido em 50% da evapotranspiração da cultura, e uso do hidrogel (WiH - Com hidrogel, WoH - Sem hidrogel), com quatro repetições, totalizando 40 parcelas experimentais. As variáveis avaliadas foram: número total de flores e frutos, peso total dos frutos e índice térmico do dossel. Aos 60 dias após o transplantio, as estratégias de déficit hídrico regular e déficit hídrico controlado na fase de florescimento e frutificação, sem hidrogel, evidenciaram as maiores médias de índice térmico (0,98; 1,03 e 0,70 °C, respectivamente) e menor potencial hídrico foliar (-0,70; -0,48 e -0,50 MPa, respectivamente). O índice térmico obtido por imagens termográficas é viável para determinação dos efeitos do déficit hídrico no tomate cereja.

ABSTRACT Tomato cultivation is highly demanding on the supply of water throughout its phenological cycle, especially in regions where rainfall is irregular or scarce. Given the above, the objective of this study was to analyze the viability of thermal index for determining water deficit in cherry tomato under different strategies of controlled deficit irrigation and use of a hydrogel-type soil conditioner. The experimental design adopted was randomized blocks in a 5 × 2 split-plot arrangement, referring to the irrigation strategies (FI - Full irrigation, RD - Regular deficit irrigation, with a continuously applied water deficit, S3 - Irrigation with controlled deficit in the vegetative stage, S4 - Irrigation with controlled deficit in the flowering and fruiting stages and S5 - Irrigation with controlled deficit in the maturation and harvest stages), with water deficit established at 50% of crop evapotranspiration, and use of hydrogel (WiH - With hydrogel, WoH - Without hydrogel), with four replicates, and with three plants per plot. The variables tested were: total number of flowers and fruits, total fruit weight and canopy thermal index. At 60 days after transplanting, the regular deficit irrigation and irrigation with controlled water deficit in the flowering, without hydrogel, showed the highest means of thermal index (0.98, 1.03 and 0.70 °C, respectively) and lowest leaf water potential (-0.70, -0.48 and -0.50 MPa, respectively). The thermal index obtained by thermographic images is viable for determining the effects of water deficit on cherry tomato.

RESUMO A climatização de packing houses é fundamental para o bem-estar humano, e por se tratar de um ambiente de produção, é desejável que haja homogeneidade das variáveis ambientais. Assim, este estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o ambiente na área de seleção e embalagem de um packing house de uvas de mesa climatizado com sistema de resfriamento evaporativo, caracterizar a variabilidade térmica espacial e identificar pontos críticos de controle. As variáveis climáticas temperatura, umidade relativa e velocidade do vento foram avaliadas nos períodos seco e chuvoso, às 10:00, 13:00 e 15:00 h. Foram avaliados dois tratamentos: com os resfriadores evaporativos ligados e desligados. A distribuição espacial das variáveis foi mapeada por krigagem. O sistema de resfriamento evaporativo melhorou as condições térmicas na área de seleção e embalagem do packing house, mas não garantiu a homogeneização. Pontos críticos foram identificados no início da linha de beneficiamento, uma região mais distante dos resfriadores, marcada à direita nos mapas de krigagem. O uso da geoestatística e dos mapas de krigagem permitiu identificar a variabilidade espacial dos atributos climáticos e localizar regiões problemáticas, possibilitando correções pontuais para fatores que comprometem o conforto térmico humano.

ABSTRACT The acclimatization of packing houses is essential for human well-being, and, as it is a production environment, it is desirable that environmental variables are homogeneous. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the environment in the selection and packaging area of a climate-controlled grape packing house with an evaporative cooling system, characterizing the spatial thermal variability and identifying critical control points. The climatic variables temperature, relative humidity and wind speed were analyzed, at 10:00, 13:00 and 15:00 h during the dry and rainy seasons. Two treatments were evaluated: with evaporative coolers switched on and switched off. The spatial distribution of the variables was mapped by kriging. The evaporative cooling system improved the thermal conditions in the selection and packaging area of the packing house but did not ensure homogenization. Critical points were identified at the beginning of the processing line, in a region further away from the coolers. The use of geostatistics and kriging maps made it possible to identify the spatial variability of climatic attributes and localize problematic regions, which allowed targeted corrections to be made to the factors that compromise human thermal comfort.

RESUMO O conforto térmico adequado para o cultivo de plantas em ambientes protegidos está intrinsecamente ligado às propriedades das coberturas translúcidas. Este estudo investigou a influência de três tipos de filmes plásticos (difusor, transparente e leitoso) em três estufas agrícolas em Fortaleza, CE. O objetivo foi analisar as condições de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar, buscando recomendações para otimizar o desempenho das estufas. Dez estações de monitoramento foram distribuídas, três para cada cobertura plástica e uma externa; as leituras foram coletadas a 2 m de altura sendo equipadas com sensores de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar (SHT31). A coleta de dados ocorreu de 11 a 27 de julho de 2023, com leituras a cada 5 min (totalizando 12 leituras por hora), tratadas posteriormente por regressão linear. Diferenças significativas nas madrugadas (1 e 5%) entre as coberturas para temperatura e umidade relativa do ar foram observadas. Comparando os filmes, difusor × transparente e difusor × leitoso mostraram diferenças a 5 e 1%, respectivamente, enquanto transparente x leitoso não apresentaram diferenças. Durante o período das 12 horas, o filme difusor exibiu menores variações de temperatura. Conclui-se que a cobertura difusora proporcionou as menores temperaturas e menores variações ao longo do dia, sendo estatisticamente diferente dos filmes leitoso e transparente nos horários mais quentes. Esses resultados oferecem percepções cruciais para otimizar as condições em estufas agrícolas, contribuindo para práticas eficientes de cultivo protegido.

ABSTRACT Adequate thermal comfort for plant growth in protected environments is associated with properties of translucent coverings. This study investigated the influence of three types of plastic films (diffuser, transparent, and milky) at three agricultural greenhouses in Fortaleza city, CE, Brazil. The objective of this study was to analyze air temperature and relative air humidity conditions, seeking recommendations to optimize plant growth performance in greenhouses. Ten monitoring stations were distributed, three for each plastic covering and one external; readings were taken 2 m above the ground level, using temperature and relative air humidity sensors (SHT31). Data were collected from July 11 to July 27, 2023, with readings every 5 min (totaling 12 readings per hour) and subsequently processed through linear regression. The tested coverings resulted in different temperature and relative air humidity during early morning hours (1 and 5%). The comparison between diffuser and transparent, and diffuser and milky films showed differences at 5 and 1%, respectively, while transparent and milky films did not show differences. The diffuser film exhibited lower temperature variations throughout a 12-hour period. The diffuser covering provided the lowest temperatures and smaller variations throughout the day, which was significantly different from milky and transparent films during warmer hours. These results provide valuable information for optimizing conditions in agricultural greenhouses, contributing to sustainable and efficient practices in protected cultivation.

Abstract: The generation of electric power through internal combustion engines plays an important role in the world economy. Exhaust cases and valves are critical engine components and are subjected to high pressures and temperatures. The additive remanufacturing technology of mechanical components that have reached the end of their useful life due to wear, through the L-DED laser directed energy deposition method, proves to be an effective method to obtain spare parts with similar or even superior characteristics to a new part, extending the product life cycle in the circular economy. The process consists of obtaining 3D models through reverse engineering, additive remanufacturing by L-DED and final machining. It was determined through the study that this methodology can be successfully applied to the exhaust boxes and valves of internal combustion engines for electric generation. The results obtained have shown that this remanufacturing method is an effective solution for the recovery of exhaust boxes and valves that have completed their useful life and can be applied to other engine elements, reducing the cost of the spare part compared to a new one and bringing with it important environmental benefits. In reference to the remanufacturing time, it has been determined that the application of the L-DED process in the exhaust boxes and valves is 3943 and 3677 s respectively. In addition to this time, the time used in the initial preparation and final machining must be added; however, the time is substantially less than the manufacturing of a new spare part, which brings with it an increase in the availability of these spare parts to perform scheduled maintenance in the engines for power generation, contributing to improve the efficiency of the national electric system.

Resumen: La generación de energía eléctrica a través de motores de combustión interna juega un rol importante en la economía mundial. Las cajas y válvulas de escape son componentes críticos del motor y están sometidos a altas presiones y temperaturas. La tecnología de remanufactura aditiva de componentes mecánicos que han finalizado su vida útil debido al desgaste, a través del método de deposición de energía dirigida por láser L-DED, resulta ser un método eficaz para conseguir repuestos con características similares e incluso superiores a un repuesto nuevo extendiendo el ciclo de vida del producto en la economía circular. El proceso consiste en la obtención de los modelos 3D a través de ingeniería inversa, remanufactura aditiva por L-DED y mecanizado final. Se determinó a través del estudio que esta metodología se puede aplicar con éxito en las cajas y válvulas de escape de los motores de combustión interna para generación eléctrica. Los resultados obtenidos han demostrado que este método de remanufactura es una solución eficaz para la recuperación de cajas y válvulas de escape que han finalizado su vida útil y puede ser aplicado a otros elementos de los motores reduciendo el costo del repuesto en comparación con un nuevo y trayendo consigo beneficios ambientales importantes. En referencia al tiempo de remanufactura se ha determinado que la aplicación del proceso L-DED en las cajas y válvulas de escape son de 3943 y 3677 s respectivamente, adicional a este tiempo se debe sumar el tiempo empleado en la preparación inicial y maquinado final, sin embargo, el tiempo es sustancialmente inferior a la fabricación de un repuesto nuevo lo que trae consigo un incremento de la disponibilidad de estos repuestos para realizar los mantenimientos programados en los motores para generación de energía contribuyendo en mejorar la eficiencia del sistema eléctrico nacional.

Abstract This study investigates the thermal behavior of three lithium-ion battery configurations under thermal runaway conditions, focusing on cooling systems based on air, water, and phase change materials (PCM). The analysis was conducted using sixteen cylindrical 18650 cells, each with a capacity of 2.15 Ah. The battery arrangements include Geometry 1, characterized by an irregular rhomboid shape, and Geometry 2, which adopts an irregular octagonal shape. Numerical simulations were carried out using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools in ANSYS Fluent, employing a thermal abuse model rooted in a multidimensional, multiscale approach, and incorporating the empirical Newman-Tiedemann-Gauthier-Kim (NTGK) model. Transient simulations were performed under forced and natural convection scenarios to capture dynamic thermal behavior. The findings reveal that natural air cooling fails to prevent thermal runaway under the studied conditions. In contrast, water and PCM-based cooling systems effectively mitigate thermal runaway risks. Furthermore, forced convection with air and water significantly enhances thermal management and successfully prevents thermal runaway.

Resumen En este estudio se evalúa el comportamiento térmico ante condiciones de fuga térmica de tres arreglos de celdas de iones de litio con distintos sistemas de enfriamiento: aire, agua y material de cambio de fase (PCM). Se utilizaron 16 celdas cilíndricas de tipo 18650 con una capacidad de 2.15 Ah. La geometría 1 tiene una forma de rombo irregular, mientras que las geometrías 2 y 3 tienen una forma de un octágono irregular. Se implementaron simulaciones numéricas CFD empleando el software ANSYS Fluent mediante la aplicación del modelo de abuso térmico basado en un enfoque multidimensional multiescala y el modelo empírico NTGK. Se ejecutaron simulaciones transientes considerando convección forzada y natural. Los resultados muestran que, para las condiciones dadas en el estudio, el enfriamiento natural por aire no previene la fuga térmica, mientras que el agua y PCM sí la previenen, al igual que la convección forzada con aire y agua.

Abstract — The present work is an effort to determine the generation of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, from the cooking process that is developed for chickens, meats, ribs, hamburgers and pizzas, using firewood and coal as a source of thermal energy in the commercial grills of the metropolitan area of the City of Veracruz, which is made up of the municipalities of Veracruz, Boca del Rio, Medellin de Bravo, Jamapa and Manlio Fabio Altamirano, at Veracruz State, Mexico which as a whole They have a population of 882,011 inhabitants, where they exist of 430 commercial establishments of this type exists, making 275 visits to carry out interviews and surveys, showing that 74.18 % use charcoal and 25.81 % use firewood. Using emission factors and caloric indices, it was determined that a total of 2,739.99 tons/year of carbon dioxide equivalent is generated by consumption of firewood and 8,872.66 tons/year of carbon dioxide equivalent by consumption of coal and with a total of 11,612.65 tons/year of carbon dioxide equivalent for all commercial grills facilities, which are involved in constant climate change and the effects that this causes in this metropolitan area on the central coast of the Gulf of Mexico and that must be included in both regulations municipal and in the climate change agenda.

ABSTRACT Purpose To map in the literature the effects of tactile, thermal and/or gustatory stimulation on oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) post-stroke. Methods This scoping review was conducted following the recommendations of PRISMA- ScR and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), registered on the Open Science Framework and developed without language or publication period restrictions. Different databases and grey literature were used for article selection, and the PCC mnemonics constructed the research question ad eligibility criteria, thus including clinical studies involving adults (over 18 years old) diagnosed with OD post-stroke, who received tactile-thermal (TTS) and/or taste-gustatory (TGS) and/or tactile-thermal-gustatory stimulation for treatment, and had their effect measured through examinations, scales, or clinical assessment. The review was conducted blindly and independently by two researchers, and a third was consulted in cases of disagreements. Results Three studies were included. None of them addressed an individual TGS protocol, and all presented a TTS protocol. The objectives and evaluation tests of each study were distinct, providing different perspectives about TGS in OD; there was uniformity in the presentation of the applied protocols, frequency, and materials used for therapy. Conclusion The studies mapped the effect of TTS from different methodological designs and specific measures; no articles were found that evaluated isolated TGS associated with another technique.

RESUMO Objetivo Mapear na literatura os efeitos da estimulação tátil, térmica e/ou gustativa na disfagia orofaríngea (DO) pós AVCi. Método Esta revisão de escopo foi conduzida segundo recomendações do PRISMA-SCR e do Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Registrada na Open Science Framework e desenvolvida sem restrições de idioma ou período de publicação. Foram utilizadas diferentes bases de dados e literatura cinzenta para seleção dos artigos, e os mnemônicos PCC construíram a pergunta e critérios de elegibilidade da pesquisa, assim, foram incluídos estudos clínicos envolvendo adultos (maiores de 18 anos) diagnosticados com DO pós AVCi, que receberam estimulação tátil-térmica (ETT) e/ou térmica-gustativa (ETG) e/ou estimulação tátil-térmica-gustativa para tratamento da DO e tiveram seu efeito medido a partir de exames, escalas ou avaliação clínica. A revisão foi conduzida de forma cega e independente por dois pesquisadores, e um terceiro foi consultado em casos de divergências. Resultados Três estudos foram incluídos. Nenhum deles abordou um protocolo individual de ETG, e todos apresentaram protocolo de ETT. Os objetivos e os testes de avaliação de cada estudo foram distintos, apresentando diversas perspectivas acerca da ETT na DO; houve uniformidade na apresentação dos protocolos aplicados, frequência e materiais utilizados para a terapia. Conclusão Os estudos mapearam o efeito da ETT a partir de diferentes desenhos metodológicos e medidas específicas; não foram encontrados artigos que avaliassem ETG isolada ou associada à outra técnica.

Abstract In fires, situations in which high temperatures are evident, it is noticed that the materials have their physical and resistance properties deteriorated. In the structural systems considered under these fire conditions, there is a considerable loss of load capacity and strength. Therefore, the temperature progression evaluation in the structural elements’ cross-sections is essential for understanding their behavior under high temperature. Thermal analysis allows determining the complete temperature field in the element cross-section from boundary conditions provided by some adopted fire model, taking into account the variation in the material thermal properties with the temperature increase. Timber, being a combustible material, requires knowledge and adequate modeling of its behavior and performance when kept in a fire situation. This anisotropic material, with fibers containing irregular flammable knots, has been widely used in civil construction. Thus, this research aims to carry out numerical thermal analysis through the Computational System for Advanced Structural Analysis/Fire Analysis (CS-ASA/FA), with the preand post-processing graphical tools provided by the GiD platform, of timber structural elements’ cross-sections used in civil construction. The results obtained are compared with those of literature, demonstrating the ability of this CS-ASA/FA module and GiD coupling to provide the necessary information for the evaluation of timber cross-sections in a fire situation.

Abstract This article focuses on numerical thermos-structural behavior evaluation of composite steel and concrete beams under fire conditions. Several models of composite beams are analyzed, changing the following parameters: steel beam, span length, load level, slab thickness, concrete and steel strength. The numerical models, validated by experimental results of other authors, were developed using the finite element method on software ANSYS and the language APDL. It was observed that the structural load level is the main parameter that affects the structural behavior of composite steel and concrete beams under fire conditions.

This work aims to deposit silica (SiO2) on polyamide 6,6 fabrics by hybrid corona-dielectric barrier discharge plasma at atmospheric pressure. The reactor used, developed at the Laboratory of Plasma and Processes of the Aeronautics Institute of Technology (LPP/ITA), allows the treatment of fabric surfaces by activation and plasma deposition processes, aiming, in this order, the alteration of wettability and the deposition of silica on its surface, using a silicic acid solution (Si(OH)4) as a silica precursor. The morphology of the deposited films was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To identify the chemical modifications generated by the plasma treatment, the untreated and treated samples were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The thermal behavior of the treated and untreated samples was evaluated by Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Additionally, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was also used to identify crystalline phases in the film. The results showed that plasma processing proved to be an effective technique for modifying the surface characteristics of polyamide 6,6.

Nitroaromatic acids, ubiquitous intermediates in nitro compounds, find broad applications in pharmaceuticals and fine chemical industries, yet their safety often receives inadequate attention. This paper investigates the thermal decomposition process of three isomers of nitrobenzoic acid using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG), complemented by calculations of the apparent activation energy using typical kinetic methods. The reaction type was verified using a nonlinear fitting method. Thermal safety parameters including the time to maximum rate (TMR), critical temperature of self-acceleration (TCL), and thermal risk index (TRI) were employed to elucidate the thermal hazards. The thermal decomposition mechanism was further explained using density functional theory (DFT) methods, focusing on the Mayer bond order. The findings revealed that the average apparent activation energies for p-nitrobenzoic acid (PNBA), m-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA), and o-nitrobenzoic acid (ONBA) were 157.00, 203.43, and 131.31 kJ mol-1, respectively. A single n-order reaction characterized the thermal decomposition process. The TMR and TCL parameters indicated a decomposition tendency at high temperatures, with the thermal stability at elevated temperatures following the order: PNBA < ONBA < MNBA. The TRI parameter indicates the danger level of the nitrobenzoic acids. The thermal decomposition mechanism was elucidated using Mayer bond energies, offering valuable insights into storage and transportation, and contributing to developing predictive models for thermal characteristics.

In this study, a novel glass-ceramic (GC) obtained from ZnSO4-B2O3-P2O5-Ho2O3 composition, coded as H0.0, H0.5 and H0.8, was synthesized via molten-solidified approach. The effect of varying content of Ho2O3 from 0.5 to 0.8 mol% on thermal and mechanical properties of the prepared GC were experimentally and theoretically scrutinized. The attained results showed that inclusion of Ho2O3 content amplified crystallite size from 42.3 to 50.5 mm. Besides, the values of elastic moduli (Youngs’s, bulk, shear and longitudinal) computed via Makishima-Mackenzie’s (MM) model were slightly augmented. Finally, the decent value of thermal stability (> 150 °C) and high fracture toughness of > 20000 MPa mm1/2 achieved for the newly fabricated GC may be applicable in protective covers of portable electronics.

Abstract Traditionally, raw cow milk has been employed to treat acid and thermal burns due to its antibacterial, antibiotic, and antifungal properties. It also aids in preventing scarring and alleviating burn-related skin discomfort. This study focuses on evaluating a nanoemulsion cream made from casein extracted from raw cow milk for managing acid and thermal burns. Casein was isolated and used to create 2%, 5%, and 10% w/w nanoemulsion creams. Wistar albino rats were used to induce acid and thermal burns, and the healing progress was monitored by measuring wound contraction and epithelialization period. The results demonstrated significant wound healing effects of the casein creams (p<0.001) in acid burns, with the 10% w/w cream showing the highest epithelization rate in thermal burns. Raw milk also exhibited notable healing properties in acid burns. However, its effectiveness was relatively lower in thermal burns. This study suggests that raw milk and its casein-derived creams could be utilized as first-aid treatments for acid burns, though they may be less effective for thermal burns.

Abstract Entecavir is an inhibitor of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA synthesis that has been widely prescribed in the treatment of chronic infections caused by the virus. Production of generic ETV drugs is an ongoing global endeavor, with particular significance for developing countries that rely on importing the expensive reference drug. ETV-excipient compatibility studies were conducted with the declared inputs in solid pharmaceutical formulations on the market through thermal analysis and HPLC techniques. Thermal analyses by TGA and DTA indicated compatibility of entecavir with the excipients microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, titanium dioxide, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol and povidone; this was confirmed via HPLC. Lactose monohydrate proved to be incompatible with ETV in thermal and chromatographic assays. The thermal analysis of marketed solid dosage forms revealed a predominance of the lactose monohydrate profile at the expense of ETV and other inputs in the TGA and DTA curves, due to its high content in the formulations; this makes the evidence of ETV-lactose chemical interaction even more important. Compatibility tests by HPLC showed no chemical interaction of ETV with the excipient mannitol, a soluble diluent proposed as a replacement for lactose monohydrate, with the same function in the formulation.