Brazilian Savanna biodiversity is abundant in native fruits with nutritional and sensory properties with potential technological applications. However, the information available regarding the proprieties of Brazilian native fruits is still limited. This study aimed to analyze the metabolic profile of Brosimum gaudichaudii fruits (BGF) using metabolomics approaches, besides its physicochemical and nutritional proprieties. BGF exhibited protein content at least two times higher than other native fruits. Fifty-five metabolites were identified by the metabolomics approaches, mainly fatty acids (n = 22), carbohydrates (n = 13), organic acids (n = 6), and polyphenols (n = 5). The most abundant constituents were D-fructose (42.97%) for sugars, L-asparagine (6.47%) for amino acids, succinic acid (44.11%) for organic acids, and linolenic acid (3.04%) for fatty acids. Highlighted phytochemicals included chlorogenic acid, α-amyrin, and γ-tocopherol. Additionally, this study revealed that BGF is a good source of vitamin C and dietary fiber and an excellent source of vitamin A. Future studies providing nutritional information and suggesting consumption methods and potential industrial applications are essential to familiarize consumers with these foods. Additionally, clarifying the appropriate planting and harvesting seasons can revive traditional practices, especially for native fruits like BGF. However limited (BGF approaches Fiftyfive Fifty five n 22, 22 , 22) 13, 13 13) 6, 6 6) 5. 5 . 5) Dfructose D fructose 42.97% 4297 42 97 (42.97% sugars Lasparagine L asparagine 6.47% 647 47 (6.47% 44.11% 4411 44 11 (44.11% 3.04% 304 3 04 (3.04% αamyrin, αamyrin α amyrin, amyrin α-amyrin γtocopherol. γtocopherol γ tocopherol. tocopherol γ-tocopherol Additionally A foods practices 2 1 42.97 429 4 9 (42.97 6.47 64 (6.47 44.11 441 (44.11 3.04 30 0 (3.04 42.9 (42.9 6.4 (6.4 44.1 (44.1 3.0 (3.0 42. (42. 6. (6. 44. (44. 3. (3. (42 (6 (44 (3 (4 (

RESUMO Este artigo propõe um modelo conceitual para avaliar como a motivação materialista dos consumidores impacta as características sociais (prestígio e conspicuidade) que geram Status para produtos tecnológicos inovadores, que podem levar à intenção de consumo. O estudo utilizou uma abordagem quantitativa para testar um modelo conceitual utilizando a modelagem de equações estruturais com o uso do PLS - SEM. Os resultados indicam que o prestígio do produto e a percepção de conspicuidade do produto medeiam a motivação materialista dos consumidores, o que afeta o status social proporcionado pelo produto ao indivíduo. Da mesma forma, a percepção de inovação e o status do produto medeiam a relação entre conspicuidade e prestígio percebido em relação à intenção de consumo. Esta pesquisa fornece insights importantes sobre as fortes relações entre as características sociais do produto tecnológico que levam em conta os valores dos indivíduos. Como consequência, este estudo contribui diretamente na compreensão de status e valores sociais influenciando a intenção de consumo de produtos tecnológicos, demonstrando o quanto a inovação traz elementos de valoração do indivíduo que a possui. inovadores SEM forma indivíduos consequência possui

ABSTRACT This article proposes a conceptual model to assess how consumers' materialistic motivations impact social characteristics (prestige and conspicuity) that generate status for innovative technological products, which can lead to consumption intention. The study used a quantitative approach to test a conceptual model using structural equation modeling through PLS - SEM. The results indicate that product prestige and perception of product conspicuity mediate consumers’ materialistic motivations, which affects the social status provided to the individual by the product. Likewise, perception of innovation and product status mediate the relationship between conspicuity and perceived prestige in relation to consumption intention. This research yields important insights regarding the strong relations between the social characteristics of technological products that take into account individuals’ values. Consequently, this study enhances understanding of how status and social value influence the intention to consume technological products, demonstrating the extent to which innovation brings elements of value to individuals who own the product in question. consumers SEM Likewise values Consequently question

Abstract This article brings light to one of the phases of doctorate-level investigation on the role of the universities in Ecuador for the social innovation process. The objective is to identify investigation projects performed with participation of Ecuadorian universities from the approach of social management with several actors involved. A systematic literature-based mapping was used to choose and analyze 33 publications to identify investigation performed with participative methodologies such as co-design, co-production or investigation-action. The databases WoS and Scopus were used, with results showing that there is a limited number of investigation applying co-design, no investigations with co-production, and most of the articles studies report to have used investigation-action. Several projects that imply participation of the community related to the issue were presented in most cases. This mapping presented 12 projects that align with the social innovation process, applying methods and techniques that promote actor participation, which also supports the understanding of how universities may fulfill their substantive function of performing research while responding to contextualized social needs.

Resumen Este artículo expone una de las fases de la investigación doctoral sobre el rol de las universidades ecuatorianas en el proceso de innovación social. El objetivo es identificar proyectos de investigación que se han realizado con la participación de universidades ecuatorianas desde el enfoque de la gestión social e integran diversos actores. Mediante un mapeo sistemático de literatura se seleccionaron y analizaron 33 publicaciones para identificar investigaciones realizadas con metodologías participativas como codiseño, coproducción o investigación-acción. Se usaron las bases de datos WoS y Scopus; los resultados muestran que existen limitadas investigaciones que apliquen codiseño, no se identifican investigaciones de coproducción, mientras la mayoría de los artículos analizados reportan haber aplicado investigación-acción. Se presentan diferentes proyectos que implican la participación de la comunidad relacionada con la problemática que se intenta resolver en la mayoría de los casos. Este mapeo permitió encontrar doce proyectos que se alinean al proceso de innovación social, aplicando métodos y técnicas que fomentan la participación de los actores, lo que aporta en la comprensión de cómo las universidades pueden cumplir su función sustantiva de investigación respondiendo necesidades sociales contextualizadas.

Resumo Esse artigo apresenta uma das fases da investigação ao nível doutoral com o papel das universidades equatorianas no processo de inovação social. O objetivo é identificar projetos de investigação realizados com a participação de universidades equatorianas com foco na gestão social e integração de vários atores. Um mapeamento sistemático de literatura ajudou a selecionar e analisar 33 publicações para identificar investigações realizadas com metodologias participativas tais como co-desenho, coprodução ou pesquisa-ação. Usaram-se as bases de data WoS e Scopus, e os resultados mostram que existem investigações limitadas que aplicam co-desenho, nenhuma que aplica coprodução, e a maioria dos artigos estudados reportam ter aplicado pesquisa-ação. Presentam-se vários projetos que se alinham com o processo de inovação social, com métodos e técnicas que promovem a participação da comunidade relacionada com a problemática para resolver na maioria dos casos. O mapeamento ajudou achar 12 projetos que se alinham com o processo de inovação social, com métodos e técnicas que provem a participação dos atores, ajudando com a compreensão do jeito no qual as universidades podem satisfazer a sua função substantiva de pesquisar, enquanto respondendo às necessidades sociais contextualizadas.

RESUMEN El teletrabajo se ha constituido como modelo de prestación de servicios que requiere necesariamente el uso de herramientas tecnológicas. Esta forma de desarrollar las actividades se ha expandido en el sector educativo. Desde la época de la pandemia por covid-l9 se implementó con un mayor auge en el campo universitario enfrentando grandes retos y dificultades. El objetivo fue analizar las fortalezas, oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas del teletrabajo implementado en el contexto de la educación universitaria, durante los años 2020-2021 en la Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Campus La Troncal, Ecuador En la metodología se aplicó el enfoque cualitativo de tipo descriptivo, el análisis FODA, la técnica de revisión bibliográfica, así como la interpretación y descripción a través de los grupos focales. De los resultados se desprende que, los docentes requieren capacidades y competencias específicas para desarrollar las actividades en teletrabajo. La implementación del teletrabajo en la educación universitaria presenta oportunidades significativas, pero también desafíos, que deben ser abordados con estrategias efectivas y un marco jurídico sólido para garantizar su aplicación exitosa, prevenir la vulneración derechos fundamentales y la aparición de enfermedades ocupacionales que se vinculan con esta forma de organización laboral.

RESUMO O teletrabalho estabeleceu-se como um modelo de prestação de serviços que requer necessariamente a utilização de ferramentas tecnológicas. Esta forma de realizar actividades expandiu-se no sector educativo. Desde a época da pandemia de covid-l9, tem sido implementado com maior intensidade no âmbito universitário, enfrentando grandes desafios e dificuldades. O objetivo foi analisar os pontos fortes, oportunidades, fraquezas e ameaças do teletrabalho implementado no contexto do ensino universitário, durante os anos 2020-2021 na Universidade Católica de Cuenca, Campus LaTroncal, Equador: A metodologia aplicada foi uma abordagem qualitativa descritiva, análise SWOT técnica de revisão da literatura, bem como interpretação e descrição através de grupos focais. Os resultados mostram claramente que os professores necessitam de aptidões e competências específicas para desenvolver actividades de teletrabalho. A implementação do teletrabalho no ensino universitário apresenta oportunidades significativas, mas também desafios, que devem ser abordados com estratégias eficazes e um quadro jurídico sólido para garantir a sua implementação bem sucedida, evitar a violação dos direitos fundamentais e o aparecimento de doenças profissionais que estão ligadas a esta forma de organização do trabalho.

ABSTRACT Teleworking has become a model of service provision that necessarily requires the use of technological tools. This way of developing activities has expanded in the educational sector Since the COVID-19 pandemic, it has implemented a greater boom in the university field facing great challenges and difficulties. The objective was to analyze the strengths, opportunities, weaknesses, and threats of telework implemented in the context of university education, during 2020-2021 at the Catholic University of Cuenca, Campus La Troncal, Ecuador In the methodology applied the qualitative approach of descriptive type, SWOT analysis, the technique of literature review, as well as the interpretation and description through focus groups. From the results, it is clear that teachers require specific skills and competencies to develop telework activities.The implementation of telework in university education presents significant opportunities, but also challenges, which must be addressed with effective strategies and a solid legal framework to ensure its successful implementation, prevent the violation of fundamental rights, and the emergence of occupational diseases that are linked to this form of labor organization.

Abstract: The present study examines the teaching strategies used by physics professors while providing a guide for students through learning activities that develop thinking skills, knowledge, and attitudes to solve specialty-related problems. A didactic approach is applied to teaching competency-based general physics in engineering within a modular structure. A mixed methodology is employed, with qualitative methods for the case study interpreting professors' discourse regarding classroom pedagogical design and practice, and quantitative methods examining teaching practice and its impact on academic performance. As a result, three main categories are identified: 1) didactic strategies, 2) technological resources, 3) and learning monitoring. It is observed that the teaching model influences student dropout rates and academic success. In conclusion, there is a preference for traditional strategies over constructivist strategies, regardless of the professor's experience level.

Resumen: El presente estudio examina las estrategias de enseñanza utilizadas por los docentes de física y provee una guía al estudiante a través de actividades de aprendizaje que desarrollen habilidades de pensamiento, conocimientos y actitudes para resolver problemas de la especialidad. Se aplica un enfoque didáctico para enseñar por competencias en física general en ingeniería bajo estructura modular. Se utiliza una metodología mixta, cualitativa para el estudio de caso que interpreta el discurso de los docentes en relación con el diseño y la práctica pedagógica de aula y el cuantitativo que examina la práctica docente y su impacto en el rendimiento académico. Como resultado, se identifican tres categorías principales: 1) estrategias didácticas, 2) recursos tecnológicos, y 3) seguimiento del aprendizaje. Se observa que el modelo de enseñanza influye en la tasa de deserción y el éxito académico de los estudiantes. En conclusión, se evidencia una preferencia por estrategias tradicionales sobre las constructivistas, independientemente de la experiencia del docente.

Although widely acknowledged for their significance, contemporary Teacher Professional Development (TPD) initiatives have faced growing criticism due to their failure to effectively foster the seamless incorporation of technology into educators' pedagogical practices. Educators depend on their informal Communities of Practice (CoPs) rather than TPD programmes to acquire the knowledge they need to both competently and meaningfully integrate technology into their pedagogical practices. This study investigates the innovative approaches educators employ in three (n=3) Western Cape public primary schools to create a hybrid CoP in their school to improve their collective technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK). The criticism of TPD efforts extends beyond primary and secondary school contexts. This challenge substantially impacts teacher education and highlights the increasing necessity for developing digital literacy among the professoriate in this discipline. The theoretical basis for this study was Wenger's (1998) CoP social learning theory and Mishra and Koehler's (2006) TPACK model. The study employed a qualitative research approach involving a cohort of 12 educators who engaged in open-ended survey questionnaires, one-on-one semi-structured interviews, and observational sessions. Additionally, the research incorporated one (n=1) school principal and two (n=2) deputy principals who actively contributed to all data collection modalities except for the survey questionnaires. Document analysis, specifically from WhatsApp group chat screenshots, was conducted across all three (n=3) schools as part of the research approach. While the data set used in this study originates from a study involving school educators, it aims to extend the findings to determine their significance for teacher education. The results revealed that the sampled educators had established an informal hybrid CoP at their respective schools through innovative approaches, such as joint enterprise, mutual engagement, and shared repertoire. These educators gained TPACK from one another throughout this process. Universities and provincial governments might profit from the findings, the knowledge gained from which could assist in their structuring of TPD programmes in ways which would foster their organic development in educators' particular employment contexts.

Abstract The quarry-workshops are ancient lithic landscapes that are socially significant and traditional. The aim of this work was to analyze the technological activities and the persistent use of space in a quarry-workshop landscape in Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca province, Argentina). For this purpose, techno-typological studies of lithic assemblages sampled in different sectors of the quarry-workshop landscape were carried out, together with an analysis of differential stages of eolian abrasion. The quarry-workshop landscape has activity areas under open sky and repair where core reduction, blank extraction and tool knapping were carried out. The presence of techno-technological diagnostic tools (e.g., bifaces, bifacial thinning flakes, preforms and projectile points) indicated the activities of hunter-gatherer groups that occupied the region in different time periods. On the other hand, the information from the different stages of eolian abrasion allowed a chronological approach to the knapping events that gave rise to this ancient landscape. In addition, the analysis of the differential stages of abrasion made it possible to recognize cases of artifact reclamation and the reuse of task spaces in a persistent way. In sum, the data recovered from the analysis of the lithic assemblages made it possible to confirm the continuous procurement of raw materials and the sustained use of space at different moments of the local time sequence. In fact, the conformation of this ancient social landscape occurred continuously from the early Holocene and early middle Holocene.

Resumen Las canteras-taller conforman paisajes líticos antiguos que son socialmente significativos y tradicionales. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las actividades tecnológicas y el uso persistente del espacio en un paisaje de canteras-taller de Antofagasta de la Sierra (provincia de Catamarca, Argentina). Para tal fin se llevaron a cabo estudios tecno-tipológicos de conjuntos líticos muestreados en diferentes sectores del paisaje de canteras-taller, junto a un análisis de estadios diferenciales de abrasión eólica. El paisaje de canteras-taller cuenta con áreas de actividad a cielo abierto y bajo reparo donde se realizaron tareas de reducción de núcleos, extracción de formas-base y formatización de instrumentos. La presencia de artefactos tecno-tipológicamente diagnósticos (por ejemplo, bifaces, lascas de adelgazamiento bifacial, preformas y puntas de proyectil) dio cuenta de actividades de grupos cazadores-recolectores que ocuparon la región en diferentes lapsos temporales. Por su parte, la información reunida de los distintos estadios de abrasión eólica permitió efectuar una aproximación cronológica relativa a los eventos de talla que dieron origen a este antiguo paisaje. Además, el análisis de los estadios diferenciales de abrasión posibilitó reconocer casos de reclamación de artefactos y la reutilización de espacios de tareas de manera persistente. En suma, los datos recobrados del análisis de los conjuntos líticos posibilitaron constatar el aprovisionamiento continuo de materias primas y el uso permanente del espacio en diferentes momentos de la secuencia temporal local. En efecto, la conformación de este antiguo paisaje social se dio de manera sostenida desde el Holoceno temprano e inicios del Holoceno medio.

Abstract The management of lithic resources is a central activity in the reproduction of social life in many past societies. In the context of these operations, individuals and groups developed actions, values and attitudes based on their technological habits, cultural patterns and symbolic representations, closely linked to the landscape they inhabited and its natural resources. The aim of this paper is to approach the social practices related to rock procurement and the social landscapes, that make up indigenous quarries. To achieve this, we first conducted a bibliographic review of different ethnoarchaeological cases that document different activities and practices related to rock procurement. Then, concerning some of these data, we analyzed the archaeological landscapes and the material record of two quarry areas located in the center-East of Tandilia hills (Buenos Aires, Argentina) and Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca, Argentina).

Resumen La gestión de los recursos líticos es una actividad central en la reproducción de la vida de muchas sociedades pasadas. En el marco de estas operaciones, los individuos y grupos desarrollaron acciones, valoraciones y actitudes enraizadas en sus hábitos tecnológicos, sus patrones culturales y sus representaciones simbólicas, que se encuentran estrechamente ligadas al paisaje que habitaron y sus bienes naturales. El objetivo de este trabajo es abordar las prácticas sociales relacionadas con la obtención de rocas y los paisajes culturalmente construidos que conforman las canteras prehispánicas. Para ello se efectúa un recorrido bibliográfico sobre diferentes casos etnoarqueológicos que documentan actividades y prácticas diversas en torno al aprovisionamiento. Luego, a la luz de algunos de esos datos, se analizan los paisajes arqueológicos y el registro material de dos áreas de canteras localizadas en el centro-este de las Sierras de Tandilia (Buenos Aires, Argentina) y Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca, Argentina).

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las aportaciones que la Secuencia Didáctica sobre alimentación saludable puede hacer a la alfabetización científica y tecnológica de los alumnos de los primeros cursos de primaria. El método consiste en un enfoque cualitativo basado en la investigación de intervención pedagógica. Se elaboró y aplicó una Secuencia Didáctica titulada Alfabetización y alimentación saludable. La investigación tuvo lugar en una clase de 2º grado del sistema escolar público municipal, en una ciudad situada en la región de Campos Gerais, en Paraná. Los resultados mostraron que la Secuencia Didáctica con el tema de la alimentación saludable promueve y posibilita la alfabetización científica y tecnológica, destacando la construcción del conocimiento. Se considera que las actividades dentro de los módulos propuestos en la Secuencia Didáctica contribuyeron al avance gradual de los conocimientos de cada alumno participante con relación al inicio de la educación científica en la Enseñanza de las Ciencias y al proceso de alfabetización.

O presente estudo objetiva apresentar uma análise das contribuições que a Sequência Didática com a temática alimentação saudável pode proporcionar para a alfabetização científica e tecnológica aos alunos dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O método consiste em uma abordagem qualitativa, cujo encaminhamento está baseado na pesquisa de intervenção pedagógica. Foi desenvolvida e aplicada uma Sequência Didática intitulada Alfabetização e Alimentação Saudável. A pesquisa aconteceu em uma turma de 2º ano na rede pública municipal, em uma cidade localizada na região dos Campos Gerais no Paraná. Os resultados apontaram que a Sequência Didática com a temática alimentação saudável promove e possibilita a alfabetização científica e tecnológica evidenciando a construção do conhecimento. Acredita-se que as atividades dentro dos módulos propostos na Sequência Didática contribuíram para o avanço gradativo do conhecimento de cada aluno participante no que se refere a iniciação da educação científica ao Ensino de Ciências e ao processo de alfabetização e de letramento.

The aim of this study is to present an analysis of the contributions that the Didactic Sequence on healthy eating can make to scientific and technological literacy among students in the early years of elementary school. The method consists of a qualitative approach based on pedagogical intervention research. A Didactic Sequence entitled Literacy and Healthy Eating was developed and applied. The research took place in a 2nd grade class in the municipal public school system, in a city located in the Campos Gerais region of Paraná. The results showed that the Didactic Sequence with the theme of healthy eating promotes and enables scientific and technological literacy, highlighting the construction of knowledge. It is believed that the activities within the modules proposed in the Didactic Sequence contributed to the gradual advancement of the knowledge of each participating student with regard to the initiation of scientific education in Science Teaching and the literacy process.

Abstract: Manufacturing companies face demand fluctuations and must deliver the required quantity of parts to their customers within the required time; however, companies face different challenges in fulfilling them. One is technological advances, which make it impossible for them to compete with other countries, such as China, due to financial issues. Therefore, manufacturing companies use continuous improvement methodologies to achieve better performance in their processes. Six Sigma and Lean Manufacturing are some of the best-known approaches. This article briefly presents the application of a lean sigma approach oriented to solving problems. This research proposes a methodology based on Lean Sigma that contrasts what different authors currently do: continuous improvement projects that take up to 12 months to produce results and do not solve a problem. This implementation is conducted in a process that manufactures metal parts and fails to deliver them on time to its customers. Using tools such as the Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) in a production line, on-time deliveries were increased from 89 % to 96 %; at the same time, the model change times were reduced by approximately 60 %, which is required for the implementation of this methodology for only four weeks, unlike the traditional six-sigma approach that can take up to 12 months to improve the process.

Resumen: Las empresas manufactureras presentan fluctuaciones en sus demandas y no entregan a sus clientes la cantidad de partes en el tiempo requerido. Son diferentes los retos que enfrentan estas empresas, uno de ellos son los avances tecnológicos que, por cuestiones financieras, no es posible competir con otros países, tales como China. Es por esto, que las empresas manufactureras hacen uso de metodologías de mejora continua para lograr un mayor desempeño en sus procesos. Algunos de los enfoques más conocidos son Seis Sigma y Manufactura Esbelta. En este artículo se presenta una aplicación de un enfoque Lean-Sigma, el cual se orienta a resolver problemas en un corto periodo de tiempo. El propósito de esta investigación es proponer una metodología basada en Lean-Sigma que permita contrastar lo que hacen diferentes autores en la actualidad, que básicamente son proyectos de mejora continua que tardan hasta doce meses en dar resultados y que no resuelven un problema. Esta implementación se lleva a cabo en un proceso que fabrica partes metálicas, el cual está incumpliendo con su cliente en las entregas a tiempo. Utilizando la herramienta de cambios rápidos de modelo (SMED) se lograron incrementar las entregas a tiempo de un 89 % a un 96 %. A su vez, los tiempos de cambio de modelo se reducen aproximadamente un 60 %, siendo requeridas para la implementación de esta metodología solo cuatro semanas, a diferencia del enfoque tradicional de seis sigma que puede tomar hasta doce meses para mejorar un proceso.

Abstract Introduction: This study examines the technological revolution in the realm of connected medical devices, which are redefining the monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. It analyzes how the integration of advanced technologies is driving personalized and remote healthcare. Objectives: To evaluate the advancements in connected medical devices and their impact on improving disease monitoring and diagnosis. The study investigates how these technologies are changing the dynamics of healthcare delivery and identifies the associated challenges and opportunities. Methodology: A qualitative approach is used, linking research questions with theories and outcomes. The study is based on analyses of wearable devices and implantable systems, combining literature review with expert interviews and data analysis. This methodological approach allows for a deep understanding of the interaction between technology and medical practice. Results: The findings show that connected medical devices offer significant advantages in terms of precision and efficiency, enabling real-time monitoring and better clinical decision-making. Technical, ethical, and regulatory challenges are identified, but innovative solutions to overcome them are also highlighted. Conclusions: The research underscores the importance of a qualitative approach in studying connected medical devices. The results emphasize the need for a robust methodological framework to evaluate both technological advancements and associated challenges. This study contributes to understanding how connected medical devices are transforming healthcare, highlighting the necessity of integrated and multidisciplinary approaches to maximize benefits and minimize risks.

Resúmen Introducción: Este estudio examina la revolución tecnológica en el ámbito de los dispositivos médicos conectados, que están redefiniendo el monitoreo, diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades. Se analiza cómo la integración de tecnologías avanzadas está impulsando la atención médica personalizada y a distancia. Objetivos: Evaluar los avances en dispositivos médicos conectados y su impacto en la mejora del monitoreo y diagnóstico de enfermedades. Se investiga cómo estas tecnologías están cambiando la dinámica de la atención médica y cuáles son los desafíos y oportunidades asociados. Metodología: Se utiliza un enfoque cualitativo, vinculando preguntas de investigación con teorías y resultados. El estudio se basa en análisis de dispositivos wearables y sistemas implantables, combinando la revisión de literatura con entrevistas a expertos y análisis de datos. Este enfoque metodológico permite una comprensión profunda de la interacción entre la tecnología y la práctica médica. Resultados: Los hallazgos muestran que los dispositivos médicos conectados ofrecen significativas ventajas en términos de precisión y eficiencia, permitiendo un seguimiento en tiempo real y una mejor toma de decisiones clínicas. Se identifican retos técnicos, éticos y regulatorios, pero también se destacan soluciones innovadoras para superarlos. Conclusiones: La investigación subraya la importancia de un enfoque cualitativo en el estudio de los dispositivos médicos conectados. Los resultados enfatizan la necesidad de un marco metodológico robusto para evaluar tanto los avances tecnológicos como los desafíos asociados. Este estudio contribuye a la comprensión de cómo los dispositivos médicos conectados están transformando la atención médica, enfatizando la necesidad de abordajes integrados y multidisciplinarios para maximizar sus beneficios y minimizar los riesgos.

Abstract The essay aims to discuss the functions of technological knowledge in social management, and the premises that justify its performance as a solution to social problems linked, specifically, to poverty. In the social field, technological knowledge has gained a recognized place of performance with respect to its technical potential for the development of solutions in the field of social assistance policy; Based on the supposed neutrality they carry, the instrumental and symbolic functions they perform constitute the bases of their legitimation as expert knowledge capable of offering “optimal” solutions. This impulse is related to local conditions of possibility, but also to the role of international organizations in the development of public policy; his statements regarding the premises that States should follow to address social problems, and the strategies to make their reform programs work. The reflection from the Uruguayan case on the trajectory of technological knowledge in the social field in the first decades of the 21st century, allows us to identify the devices and mechanisms with technological supports that define modalities and criteria for the assignment of social services, which have in turn, modeling effects on professional practices historically linked to care and the execution of social policies.

Resumen El ensayo se propone discutir las funciones de los saberes de la tecnología1 en la gestión de lo social, y las premisas que justifican su desempeño en tanto solución a los problemas sociales vinculados, específicamente, a la pobreza. En el campo social, los saberes de la tecnología han ganado un reconocido lugar de desempeño respecto a sus potencialidades técnicas para la elaboración de soluciones en el ámbito de la política socioasistencial2; a partir de la supuesta neutralidad que portan, las funciones instrumentales y simbólicas que desempeñan, constituyen las bases de su legitimación como saberes expertos capaces de ofrecer soluciones “óptimas”. Este impulso se relaciona con condiciones de posibilidades locales, pero también con el papel de los organismos internacionales en la elaboración de política pública, sus señalamien tos respecto a las premisas que los Estados deberían seguir para abordar los problemas sociales, y las estrategias para hacer funcionar sus programas de reformas. La reflexión desde el caso uruguayo sobre la trayectoria de los saberes de la tecnología en el campo social en las primeras dos décadas del siglo XXI, permite identificar los dispositivos y mecanismos con soportes tecnológicos que definen modalidades y criterios para la asignación de servicios sociales, que tienen a su vez, efectos de modelación sobre las prácticas profesionales ligadas históricamente al cuidado y la ejecución de políticas sociales.

Abstract Digital Welfare State in Ecuador: Citizen Datafication and Machine Learning in the Construction and Management of Poverty In the era of digital governance, the increasing use of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in social protection systems has emerged as a prominent concern. The state's efforts to promote citizen datafication and the implementation of AI for managing and providing social services and benefits are guided by principles of neutrality, objectivity, and technological efficiency. Nevertheless, these technologies can not only improve the effectiveness of social benefits allocation, but also have the potential of controlling, monitoring, sanctioning, and excluding beneficiaries. In light of the prevailing techno-optimism evident in the design of contemporary social policy, particularly with regard to its allocation mechanisms, this study draws upon insights from Science, Technology, and Society Studies to shed light on how data systems and AI technologies transform the notion of poverty and impact the definition of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. This approach focuses on unraveling the political dimension of data systems and AI technologies that are emerging as mediators in the relationship between the state and citizens. Through the case study of Ecuador's Social Registry, the aim is to enrich the critical examination of digital welfare states in the Latin American region, analyzing their implications for society and their potential to produce or exacerbate inequality and exclusion; challenging deterministic views of technological change and public policy design.

Resumen En la era de la gobernanza digital, la utilización creciente de datos y tecnologías de Big Data e Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en los sistemas de protección social se ha convertido en un asunto relevante. Los esfuerzos del Estado por impulsar la datificación ciudadana y la implementación de la IA para la gestión y provisión de servicios y beneficios sociales están vehiculizados por las ideas de neutralidad, objetividad y eficiencia tecnológica. No obstante, estas tecnologías no solo pueden mejorar la efectividad en la asignación de beneficios sociales; sino que también tienen el potencial de controlar, monitorear, sancionar y excluir a los beneficiarios. Ante el tecno-optimismo que marca el diseño de la política social contemporánea, específicamente sus mecanismos de asignación, este trabajo apuesta por los Estudios de la Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad para dar luz sobre cómo los sistemas de datos y las técnicas de IA transforman la noción de pobreza e impactan en la definición de beneficiarios y no beneficiarios. Este enfoque se centra en desentrañar la dimensión política -de la politics- de los sistemas de datos y las tecnologías de la IA que comienzan a mediar la relación entre el Estado y los ciudadanos. A través del estudio del caso ecuatoriano del Registro Social, el objetivo recae en nutrir el examen crítico de los Estados de Bienestar Digital en la región latinoamericana, analizando sus implicaciones en la sociedad y su potencial para producir o amplificar desigualdad y exclusión; desafiando las visiones deterministas del cambio tecnológico y del diseño de políticas públicas.

ABSTRACT The study of the flipped classroom methods is important for improving the quality of education and the effectiveness of learning in the context of modern technological changes and growing interest in distance education. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the use of the flipped classroom model in learning a foreign language for professional purposes. Testing was used to diagnose the effectiveness of assimilation of educational material, which included various types of tasks and questionnaires to determine the level of satisfaction with educational video materials and online learning. Tests and questionnaires were pre-validated according to the research objectives. The obtained results (χ2emp = 8.095 > χ2 0.05 = 7.815) gave grounds to conclude that the blended learning model of flipped classroom in the development of foreign language competence is more effective than traditional learning. The experiment showed that this format helps students implement an individual learning trajectory, which contributes to improving academic performance. It was determined that the effectiveness of using this model depends on the quality of video materials and students’ ability to organize their own independent work. The prospects of further research is the study of the influence of the application of the flipped classroom model on the students’ learning motivation.

RESUMEN El estudio de los métodos de aula invertida es importante para mejorar la calidad de la educación y la eficacia del aprendizaje en el contexto de los cambios tecnológicos modernos y el creciente interés por la educación a distancia. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la efectividad del uso del modelo de aula invertida en el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera con fines profesionales. Se utilizaron pruebas para diagnosticar la efectividad de la asimilación del material educativo, que incluyeron varios tipos de tareas y cuestionarios para determinar el nivel de satisfacción con los materiales educativos en video y el aprendizaje en línea. Se prevalidaron pruebas y cuestionarios de acuerdo con los objetivos de la investigación. Los resultados obtenidos (χ2emp = 8,095 > χ2 0,05 = 7,815) permitieron concluir que el modelo de aprendizaje semipresencial de aula invertida en el desarrollo de la competencia en lenguas extranjeras es más efectivo que el aprendizaje tradicional. El experimento demostró que este formato ayuda a los estudiantes a implementar una trayectoria de aprendizaje individual, lo que contribuye a mejorar el rendimiento académico. Se determinó que la efectividad del uso de este modelo depende de la calidad de los materiales de video y de la capacidad de los estudiantes para organizar su propio trabajo independiente. La perspectiva de futuras investigaciones es el estudio de la influencia de la aplicación del modelo de aula invertida en la motivación de aprendizaje de los estudiantes.

ABSTRACT The present study focuses on vibration exposure and its impact on occupational health, contrasting the results with previous research. Workers in a specific workshop were investigated, assessing their vibration exposure, working hours and risk perception. A mixed approach was used, collecting data through structured surveys and inferential statistical analysis. The results indicate that 80% of the workers are exposed to vibration to some extent, with 10% exposed half the time and 6% almost always. However, no significant correlations were found between vibration exposure and other factors such as musculoskeletal health or reduced work activity. These discrepancies with previous research suggest demographic and occupational variations among the samples studied. It is concluded that it is critical to address musculoskeletal health in a comprehensive manner, implementing effective control measures to prevent mechanical vibration-related injuries.

RESUMEN Este trabajo aborda los desafíos del estrés laboral en docentes universitarios, analizando su impacto en la salud mental y el desempeño laboral. El objetivo es identificar las causas y consecuencias del estrés en este grupo y proponer medidas para mitigarlo. Se realizó una investigación no experimental con enfoque mixto, utilizando análisis descriptivo y relacional. Se aplicaron encuestas a 31 docentes, utilizando el cuestionario alemán Effort-Reward Imbalance y la escala de ansiedad de Zung. Los resultados muestran una correlación entre la carga laboral, la falta de reconocimiento y el nivel de estrés. Se concluye que es necesario abordar los factores psicosociales en el entorno laboral para promover un ambiente saludable y apoyar el bienestar de los docentes, lo que a su vez beneficiará la calidad educativa.