Abstract Purpose: To describe the participatory process of community monitoring using aquatic insects as a tool to assess environmental quality in Cuitzmala y Purificacion basins. Methodological design: A participatory environmental monitoring model is proposed, which involves key actors, covering the upper, middle and lower part of each basin. A workshop was designed in appropriate way to the context of local actors and basin characteristics. The workshop consisted of four stages, involving theory and practice. Field diary was developed thought descriptive notes about what is seen and doing the participants. Results: Six community groups were formed, five in schools and one a Citizen Environmental Committee. Most participants found the workshop beneficial and expressed a desire for an increased number of monitoring sessions and additional monitoring sites. Participants successfully assessed their river section using aquatic insects, and it is recommended to provide technical support to strengthen monitoring skills and long-term monitoring. Research limitations: Still this action is considered an extracurricular activity. For this reason, is necessary work with professor to integrate these activities in the education program of the schools. Findings: Aquatic insects community monitoring strength and complement the scientific monitoring. The methodology used can be replicated in other coastal basins.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir el proceso participativo para el monitoreo comunitario a fin de evaluar la calidad ambiental de los ríos de las cuencas Cuitzmala y Purificación mediante un índice biótico multimétrico con insectos acuáticos previamente desarrollado para esta región. Diseño metodológico: Se propone un modelo de proceso participativo para el monitoreo ambiental. Con actores clave se seleccionaron localidades que abarcaron parte alta, media y baja de cada cuenca. Se diseñó un taller con base en protocolos para monitoreo, adecuado al contexto de las cuencas y actores elegidos. El taller consistió en cuatro etapas, en las que se capacitó con teoría y práctica. En un diario de campo se tomaron notas descriptivas respecto a lo que dijeron e hicieron los participantes. Resultados: Se conformaron seis grupos comunitarios, en cinco escuelas, y un Comité Ciudadano Ambiental. A la mayoría de los participantes les pareció bien el taller y les gustaría ampliar el número de monitoreos y los sitios a monitorear. Los participantes lograron evaluar su tramo de río con los insectos acuáticos y recomendaron continuar el acompañamiento técnico para fortalecer sus habilidades y asegurar el monitoreo a largo plazo. Limitaciones de la investigación: Aún esta actividad es considerada como extracurricular, por lo que es necesario trabajar con los docentes para que quede integrada en las materias del programa curricular de cada grado. Hallazgos: El monitoreo comunitario de los insectos acuáticos fortalece y complementa al monitoreo científico. Esta metodología puede ser replicada en otras cuencas costeras.

Abstract Purpose: To describe the participatory process of community monitoring using aquatic insects as a tool to assess environmental quality in Cuitzmala y Purificacion basins. Methodological design: A participatory environmental monitoring model is proposed, which involves key actors, covering the upper, middle and lower part of each basin. A workshop was designed in appropriate way to the context of local actors and basin characteristics. The workshop consisted of four stages, involving theory and practice. Field diary was developed thought descriptive notes about what is seen and doing the participants. Results: Six community groups were formed, five in schools and one a Citizen Environmental Committee. Most participants found the workshop beneficial and expressed a desire for an increased number of monitoring sessions and additional monitoring sites. Participants successfully assessed their river section using aquatic insects, and it is recommended to provide technical support to strengthen monitoring skills and long-term monitoring. Research limitations: Still this action is considered an extracurricular activity. For this reason, is necessary work with professor to integrate these activities in the education program of the schools. Findings: Aquatic insects community monitoring strength and complement the scientific monitoring. The methodology used can be replicated in other coastal basins.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir el proceso participativo para el monitoreo comunitario a fin de evaluar la calidad ambiental de los ríos de las cuencas Cuitzmala y Purificación mediante un índice biótico multimétrico con insectos acuáticos previamente desarrollado para esta región. Diseño metodológico: Se propone un modelo de proceso participativo para el monitoreo ambiental. Con actores clave se seleccionaron localidades que abarcaron parte alta, media y baja de cada cuenca. Se diseñó un taller con base en protocolos para monitoreo, adecuado al contexto de las cuencas y actores elegidos. El taller consistió en cuatro etapas, en las que se capacitó con teoría y práctica. En un diario de campo se tomaron notas descriptivas respecto a lo que dijeron e hicieron los participantes. Resultados: Se conformaron seis grupos comunitarios, en cinco escuelas, y un Comité Ciudadano Ambiental. A la mayoría de los participantes les pareció bien el taller y les gustaría ampliar el número de monitoreos y los sitios a monitorear. Los participantes lograron evaluar su tramo de río con los insectos acuáticos y recomendaron continuar el acompañamiento técnico para fortalecer sus habilidades y asegurar el monitoreo a largo plazo. Limitaciones de la investigación: Aún esta actividad es considerada como extracurricular, por lo que es necesario trabajar con los docentes para que quede integrada en las materias del programa curricular de cada grado. Hallazgos: El monitoreo comunitario de los insectos acuáticos fortalece y complementa al monitoreo científico. Esta metodología puede ser replicada en otras cuencas costeras.

Abstract Business networks as an associative strategy represent an option to promote business development and growth, companies of the same turn join efforts and interests to create competitive advantages; through the transmission of knowledge among the members of the organizations their technical and management skills are improved. The objective of this quantitative, descriptive and transactional research is to analyze the conditions and characteristics of the artisans of the Mixteca Oaxaqueña region to integrate a business network; and investigate the appropriate methodology for their integration. The case study method was applied to study the problem in depth. The results indicate that the creation of a business network among the artisans of the Mixteca Oaxaqueña region will promote greater collaboration and joint promotion, which will allow them to enter potential markets with greater competitiveness. The skills and competences they demonstrate to produce a wide range of artisanal products will allow them, together, to attract a greater number of customers and contribute to the generation of economies of scale. In the integration of the business network, five phases were proposed: network identification; trust relationships; monitoring, evaluation and autonomous management; strategic planning; and the pilot project.

Resumen Las redes empresariales como estrategia asociativa representan una opción para promover el desarrollo y crecimiento empresarial, donde empresas del mismo giro unen esfuerzos e intereses para crear ventajas competitivas; mediante la transmisión de conocimientos entre los integrantes se mejoran sus habilidades técnicas y de gestión. El objetivo de esta investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva y transeccional consiste en analizar las condiciones y características de los artesanos de la región Mixteca Oaxaqueña para integrar una red empresarial; e investigar la metodología apropiada para su integración. Se aplicó el método estudio de caso, para estudiar a profundidad la problemática. Los resultados indican que la creación de una red empresarial entre los artesanos de la región Mixteca Oaxaqueña impulsará una mayor colaboración y promoción conjunta, que les permitirá incursionar en mercados potenciales con una mayor competitividad. Las habilidades y competencias que manifiestan para la producción de una gran diversidad de artesanías les permitirá en conjunto, captar un mayor número de clientes y contribuir en la generación de economías de escala. En la integración de la red empresarial se propusieron cinco fases: identificación de la red; relaciones de confianza; monitoreo, evaluación y gestión autónoma; planificación estratégica; y el proyecto piloto.

Resumo: Introdução: A história do cuidado na enfermagem passou por quatro etapas: doméstica, vocacional, técnica e profissional, que foram fundamentais para seu desenvolvimento. No entanto, os atuais desafios sociossanitários destacam a necessidade de projetar novas etapas. Objetivo: Projetar o futuro do cuidado de enfermagem à luz da filosofia e da teoria dos cuidados transpessoais de Jean Watson. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática e uma análise crítico-reflexiva sobre as projeções disciplinares da enfermagem. A revisão abrangeu artigos publicados até 2023 nas bases Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO e CINAHL. Foram encontrados 366 artigos, dos quais 8 atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade. A análise crítico-reflexiva concentrou-se em descrever a evolução das etapas e propor uma etapa futura. Resultados: O cuidado humanizado é um processo complexo que exige habilidades específicas de comunicação, não apenas entre os profissionais de saúde, mas também com os usuários e seus familiares. Por sua vez, o cuidado humanizado está integrado em um ambiente clínico desafiador, devido à alta carga de trabalho, disponibilidade limitada de recursos e à necessidade de manter um nível competitivo na prática profissional. Propõe-se como quinta etapa o “cuidado disciplinar de enfermagem”. Conclusões: Esta nova etapa se concentraria no gerenciamento do cuidado e no cuidado humanizado por meio do aperfeiçoamento da pesquisa, da formação continuada, dos modelos e teorias e da autonomia profissional

Resumen: Introducción: La historia del cuidado de enfermería ha transitado cuatro etapas: doméstica, vocacional, técnica y profesional, que han sido fundamentales en su desarrollo. Sin embargo, los actuales desafíos sociosanitarios ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de proyectar nuevas etapas. Objetivo: Proyectar el futuro del cuidado de enfermería a la luz de la filosofía y teoría de los cuidados transpersonales de Jean Watson. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática y un análisis crítico-reflexivo sobre las proyecciones disciplinares de la enfermería. La revisión abarcó artículos publicados hasta 2023 en Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO y CINAHL. Se encontraron 366 artículos, de los cuales 8 cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad. El análisis crítico-reflexivo se centró en describir la evolución de las etapas y en proponer una etapa futura. Resultados: El cuidado humanizado es un proceso complejo que requiere de habilidades de comunicación específicas, no solo entre profesionales de la salud, sino también con los usuarios y sus familias. A su vez, el cuidado humanizado se integra a un entorno clínico desafiante, debido a la alta carga laboral, la disponibilidad limitada de recursos y la necesidad de mantener un nivel competitivo en la práctica profesional. Se propone como quinta etapa el “cuidado disciplinar de enfermería”. Conclusiones: Esta nueva etapa se centraría en la gestión del cuidado y en el cuidado humanizado mediante un perfeccionamiento de la investigación, la formación continua, los modelos y teorías, y la autonomía profesional

Abstract: Introduction: The history of nursing care has passed through four stages: domestic, vocational, technical and professional, which have been fundamental in its development. However, current socio-sanitary challenges demonstrate the need to plan new steps. Objective: Project the future of nursing care in the light of the philosophy and theory of transpersonal care by Jean Watson. Methodology: A systematic review and critical-reflexive analysis of nursing disciplinary projections was carried out. The review covers articles published until 2023 in Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO and CINAHL. There will be 366 articles, of which 8 met the eligibility criteria. The critical-reflexive analysis focuses on describing the evolution of the stages and proposing a future stage. Results: Humanized care is a complex process that requires specific communication skills, both between healthcare professionals and users and their families. In turn, humanized care is integrated into a challenging clinical environment, due to the high workload, limited availability of resources and the need to maintain a competitive level in professional practice. “Disciplinary nursing care” is proposed as a fifth stage. Conclusions: This new stage will focus on care management and humanized care through perfecting research, continued training, models and theories, and professional autonomy

There is widespread agreement that skills development is a vital dimension of the just energy transition (JET). Skills development for JET is rapidly emerging and involves complex inter-sectoral systems of skills development and new methods for demand analysis. Currently in South Africa, learning pathways into green jobs, enterprise development and more sustainable job options, including those required for JET at entry and technical levels, are unclear, ad hoc and fragmented. At best, we have fragmented offerings of courses and qualifications and few systemic approaches to skills analysis and development. There is also a narrow reliance on supply and demand discourses that are ill-fitting for the type of skills that need to be developed. Drawing on a group of regional and local studies focusing on skills supply and demand for JET, the paper analyses the responsiveness of skills systems, with specific focus on institutions and institutional arrangements that underpin skills planning and anticipation. The paper critiques the metaphor of 'supply' and 'demand', which, it argues, is the wrong lens, as it focuses attention on certain parts of the skills system dislocated from the broader conditions that they are imbedded in. We pose new methodological questions for engaged skills research that can enable a green and just future, and the systemic transformations that are needed to catalyse a low-carbon transition. SIGNIFICANCE: The research findings offer a critical reflection on the current approach to research focused on skills for the just energy transition. The review highlights the limitations of the dominant supply-demand approach of skills analysis, and we argue that it promotes a neoliberal, market-led discourse on skills that privileges industry and excludes the voices of communities and workers.

The widespread effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 led to the suspension of various activities, including education. Institutions responded by shifting to online learning, albeit facing challenges. Student perceptions on online learning are valuable for academic leadership in shaping pedagogies and policies. This study examines Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology students' perceptions (n=43) of online classes during the pandemic. Findings from a descriptive online survey with convenience sampling show that students favoured advantages such as recorded lectures, access to online materials, and self-paced study. However, they highlighted drawbacks like technical issues, limited patient interaction, and reduced engagement with lecturers. Online learning was regarded as effective for enhancing knowledge than for developing clinical skills or social competencies, whilst face-to-face teaching was seen as more effective for fostering clinical skills and social competence compared to online learning. While online learning was initially seen as a response to the pandemic, its formalization as part of a blended education approach in South African universities should align with global trends.

Abstract Portuguese Traditional Music is often overlooked in formal teaching at music schools in Portugal. Furthermore, there has been little research into its use in the classroom and the informal learning practices associated with it. Thus, an Educational Project was developed and implemented in 2021/2022, at the Regional Conservatory of Ponta Delgada (CRPD), involving 7 violin students aged between 9 and 14 years and focused on learning songs from the Traditional Music of the Azores. These songs were prepared in class using informal learning practices - auditory learning and analysis, the use of recordings, memorisation without the use of sheet music, improvisation, etc. - and presented at a concert. Additionally, a research study was conducted to analyse the effects of such intervention on the motivation, learning and attitudes of the students, as well as the perceptions developed by the students, their parents, the teachers, and the general public involved in this experience. The study also aimed to assess the feasibility of combining formal and informal learning practices in violin teaching at the CRPD and to evaluate its implications for the preservation of regional cultural identity. To this end, qualitative data were collected, through direct observation of classes with field notes, audiovisual recordings, semi-structured interviews with the students, anonymous questionnaires to the parents and the audience present at the concert, and 27 violin teachers. This data was subjected to content analysis, namely by organising it into categories and sub-categories. The results show that the inclusion of Azorean Traditional Music, using informal learning practices, had a positive effect on the students' motivation, enhancing the development of technical, musical, cognitive, and social skills. In addition, the Azorean Traditional Music concert proved to be an effective means of disseminating and valuing the region's cultural heritage, boosting the students' identity development, and preserving the region's cultural identity.

Resumen El panorama educativo actual exige que los docentes desarrollen competencias digitales articulando la tecnología con la pedagogía para satisfacer las necesidades de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar una revisión sistemática de las publicaciones sobre las competencias digitales de los docentes y el rendimiento académico en educación básica, fundamentado en una revisión sistemática de literatura. Se utilizaron los principales motores de búsqueda como: Scielo, Dialnet y Redalyc, para la elección de 20 publicaciones referentes a las palabras claves relacionadas con la competencia digital docente, rendimiento académico y educación básica. Notoriamente, los resultados mostraron una mayor producción científica en el año 2022 (45%), provenientes de la base de datos Dialnet (40%) y especialmente de Perú (60%). Se resalta las diferencias de competencia digital de algunos docentes latinos; desde bajas habilidades cognitivas hasta altas capacidades digitales y una adecuada aplicación de los recursos técnicos (Colombia y Venezuela).

Abstract The current educational landscape requires teachers to develop digital competencies by articulating technology with pedagogy to meet the learning needs of students. The objective of the learning needs of students. The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic review of the publications on teachers’ digital competencies and academic performance in basic education, based on a systematic literature review. The main search engines were used, such as: Scielo, Dialnet and Redalyc, to choose 20 publications referring to the keywords related to teaching digital competence, academic performance and basic education. Noticeably, the results showed greater scientific production in 2022 (45%), coming from the Dialnet database (40%) and especially from Peru (60%). The differences in digital competence of some Latino teachers are highlighted; from low cognitive skills to high digital capabilities and an adequate application of technical resources (Colombia and Venezuela).

Abstract: This study focuses on the implementation of real-time 360° video for the initial training of elementary education mathematics teachers through tele-immersion. It examines how this technology influences the perception, interpretation, and decision-making of preservice teachers, referred to as noticing ability. Based on a descriptive qualitative design, the interactions and decisions of 32 future teachers involved in collaborative statistical problem-solving classes were analyzed. The methodology included four phases of collaboration and reflection, supported by a knowledge management and tele-immersion model using 360° cameras. The results indicated that tele-immersion facilitated a deep immersion in real pedagogical contexts, improving perception and decision-making skills at the level of experienced teachers. The immersion, in synergy with the collaboration between practicing teachers and academic trainers, facilitated an effective transition in several key categories, such as: the role, from student to teacher; the space, from university classroom to school classroom; the knowledge, from general to specific in solving and guiding statistical problems; and the activity, from design to implementation. Despite technical challenges, tele-immersion proved to be an invaluable tool for teacher training, promoting a deeper and more effective integration between theory and practice.

Resumen: Este estudio se centra en la implementación de videos 360° en tiempo real para la formación inicial de profesores de matemáticas de educación básica mediante la tele-inmersión. Se analiza cómo esta tecnología influye en la capacidad de noticing de los estudiantes de pedagogía; es decir, su percepción, habilidades interpretativas y toma de decisiones. A partir de un diseño cualitativo descriptivo, se examinaron las interacciones y decisiones de 32 futuros docentes involucrados en clases de resolución colaborativa de problemas estadísticos. La metodología abarcó cuatro fases de colaboración y reflexión, apoyadas en un modelo de gestión del conocimiento y tele-inmersión utilizando cámaras 360°. Los resultados indicaron que la tele-inmersión facilita un involucramiento profundo en contextos pedagógicos reales, lo que mejora la percepción y capacidad de tomar decisiones desde el contacto con el nivel de docentes experimentados. La inmersión, en sinergia con la colaboración entre docentes en ejercicio y formadores académicos, propició una transición efectiva en varias categorías clave como: el rol, desde estudiante a profesor; el espacio, del aula universitaria al escolar; el conocimiento, de uno general a uno específico en la resolución y guía de problemas estadísticos; y la actividad, desde el diseño hasta la implementación. A pesar de los desafíos técnicos, la tele-inmersión demostró ser una herramienta invaluable para la formación docente, al promover una integración más profunda y efectiva entre teoría y práctica.

Abstract Introduction: In the contemporary globalized and interconnected landscape, technical students pursuing successful career paths must possess indispensable employability skills. This paper acknowledges the shifting demands within the job market, where mere technical expertise may no longer suffice. Objective: In response to this imperative, the study suggests the implementation of a Task-Based methodology, wherein students actively engage in genuine, real-world assignments that mimic the professional challenges they are likely to encounter in their future careers. These practical tasks serve as catalysts for developing employability skills. Moreover, this approach incorporates the integration of Intercultural Competence into the educational framework. This adaptation recognizes the growing diversity within workplaces and aims to equip technical students with the competencies needed. Intercultural Competence encompasses cultural awareness, empathy, communication abilities, and proficiency in working harmoniously within multicultural teams. Methods: This research adopts a quantitative approach, where an online questionnaire is distributed via Google Forms to assess the effectiveness of the Task-Based Approach through Intercultural Competence. The study examines a sample size of 500 technical students from selected colleges in Madhya Pradesh. The statistical technique employed for analysis is Linear Regression in the SPSS software, enabling the exploration of correlations and variations among independent and dependent variables. Results: The results show that there is a high correlation between the variables and the significance of the model. Considering the limitations of the study, the benefits of implementing a task-based approach through Intercultural Competence are evident. The challenge may include designing culturally relevant tasks, ensuring that faculty members are adequately trained to facilitate intercultural learning, and assessing students' progress in the areas of technical and transversal competencies. Conclusion: Overall, this study underscores the significance of Task-Based learning and Intercultural Competence in nurturing employability skills among technical students, thereby making a meaningful contribution to their personal and professional advancement.

Resumo Introdução: No panorama contemporâneo globalizado e interligado, os estudantes do ensino técnico que pretendem seguir carreiras de sucesso devem possuir competências indispensáveis para a empregabilidade. Este documento reconhece as mudanças nas exigências do mercado de trabalho, onde a mera especialização técnica pode já não ser suficiente. Objectivo: Em resposta a este imperativo, o estudo sugere a implementação de uma metodologia baseada em tarefas, em que os estudantes se envolvem ativamente em tarefas genuínas do mundo real que imitam os desafios profissionais que provavelmente encontrarão nas suas futuras carreiras. Estas tarefas práticas servem de catalisadores para o desenvolvimento de competências de empregabilidade. Para além disso, esta abordagem incorpora a integração da Competência Intercultural no quadro educativo. Esta adaptação reconhece a crescente diversidade nos locais de trabalho e tem por objetivo dotar os estudantes técnicos das competências necessárias. A Competência Intercultural engloba a consciência cultural, a empatia, as capacidades de comunicação e a proficiência no trabalho harmonioso em equipas multiculturais. Métodos: Esta investigação adopta uma abordagem quantitativa, em que um questionário em linha é distribuído através do Google Forms para avaliar a eficácia da Abordagem Baseada em Tarefas através da Competência Intercultural. O estudo examina uma amostra de 500 estudantes técnicos de faculdades seleccionadas em Madhya Pradesh. A técnica estatística utilizada para a análise é a Regressão Linear no software SPSS, permitindo a exploração de correlações e variações entre variáveis independentes e dependentes. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que há uma alta correlação entre as variáveis, bem como mostram a significância do modelo. Considerando as limitações do estudo, são evidentes os benefícios da implementação de uma abordagem baseada em tarefas através da Competência Intercultural. O desafio pode incluir a conceção de tarefas culturalmente relevantes, a garantia de que os membros do corpo docente são adequadamente formados para facilitar a aprendizagem intercultural e a avaliação do progresso dos alunos nos domínios das competências técnicas e transversais. Conclusão: Em termos gerais, este estudo sublinha a importância da Aprendizagem Baseada em Tarefas e da Competência Intercultural no desenvolvimento de competências de empregabilidade entre os estudantes do ensino técnico, contribuindo assim de forma significativa para o seu progresso pessoal e profissional.

Resumen Introducción: En el mundo globalizado e interconectado de hoy en día, los estudiantes de enseñanza técnica que quieran seguir una carrera profesional de éxito deben poseer competencias esenciales para la empleabilidad. Este documento reconoce las exigencias cambiantes del mercado laboral, en el que la mera especialización técnica puede que ya no sea suficiente. Objetivo: En respuesta a este imperativo, el estudio sugiere implantar una metodología basada en tareas, en la que los estudiantes participen activamente en auténticas tareas del mundo real que imiten los retos profesionales a los que probablemente se enfrentarán en sus futuras carreras. Estas tareas prácticas sirven de catalizador para el desarrollo de competencias de empleabilidad. Además, este enfoque incorpora la integración de la competencia intercultural en el marco educativo. Esta adaptación reconoce la creciente diversidad en el lugar de trabajo y pretende dotar a los estudiantes técnicos de las competencias necesarias. La competencia intercultural engloba la conciencia cultural, la empatía, las habilidades comunicativas y la destreza para trabajar en armonía en equipos multiculturales. Métodos: Esta investigación adopta un enfoque cuantitativo, en el que se distribuye un cuestionario en línea a través de Google Forms para evaluar la eficacia del Enfoque Basado en Tareas a través de la Competencia Intercultural. El estudio examina una muestra de 500 estudiantes técnicos de colegios seleccionados en Madhya Pradesh. La técnica estadística utilizada para el análisis es la Regresión Lineal en el software SPSS, que permite explorar las correlaciones y variaciones entre las variables independientes y dependientes. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que existe una alta correlación entre las variables, además de demostrar la significatividad del modelo.Teniendo en cuenta las limitaciones del estudio, los beneficios de aplicar un enfoque basado en tareas a través de la Competencia Intercultural son evidentes. El reto puede incluir el diseño de tareas culturalmente relevantes, asegurar que los miembros del profesorado están adecuadamente formados para facilitar el aprendizaje intercultural y evaluar el progreso de los estudiantes en las áreas de competencias técnicas y transversales. Conclusión: En general, este estudio subraya la importancia del Aprendizaje Basado en Tareas y la Competencia Intercultural en el desarrollo de las habilidades de empleabilidad entre los estudiantes de educación técnica, contribuyendo así significativamente a su progreso personal y profesional.

Abstract Introduction: Higher education plays a crucial role in the innovation system of the K-economy by generating substantial scientific and technical advancements and fostering innovative individuals. It is essential to investigate the K-economy readiness of the education sector, as past studies have mostly focused on this topic in the industrial sector. Objective: To determine the effect of entrepreneurial thinking, ICT skills, social and cross-cultural skills, and career readiness on the K-economy readiness of undergraduate students. Methods: This research question was answered using multiple regression analysis of survey data collected from 578 undergraduate students of Economics Education at six teacher-based universities on the island of Java, Indonesia. Results: This study found that entrepreneurial thinking, ICT skills, social and cross-cultural skills, and career readiness all positively and significantly affect the K-economy readiness of undergraduate students. Conclusion: Implementing education policy adjustments based on this study's findings can enhance student knowledge and skill development in higher education to increase competitiveness in the K-economy. Higher education needs to rely on information and innovation to effectively contribute to economic and social growth sustainably through the K-economy.

Resumo Introdução: O ensino superior desempenha um papel crucial no sistema de inovação da K-economia, gerando avanços científicos e técnicos substanciais e promovendo indivíduos inovadores. É essencial investigar a prontidão para a K-economia no setor educacional, uma vez que estudos anteriores se concentraram principalmente neste tópico no setor industrial. Objetivo: Determinar o efeito do pensamento empreendedor, habilidades em TIC, habilidades sociais e interculturais, e preparação para a carreira na preparação para a K-economia em estudantes de graduação. Métodos: Esta questão de pesquisa foi respondida por meio de análise de regressão múltipla de dados de pesquisas coletados de 578 estudantes de graduação em Educação Econômica em seis universidades com professores na ilha de Java, Indonésia. Resultados: Este estudo descobriu que o pensamento empreendedor, habilidades em TIC, habilidades sociais e interculturais, e preparação para a carreira afetam positiva e significativamente a preparação para a K-economia dos estudantes de graduação. Conclusão: A implementação de ajustes nas políticas educativas com base nas conclusões deste estudo pode melhorar o conhecimento dos alunos e o desenvolvimento de competências no ensino superior para aumentar a competitividade na K-economia. O ensino superior precisa contar com a informação e a inovação para contribuir eficazmente para o crescimento económico e social de forma sustentável através da K-economia.

Resumen Introducción: La educación superior desempeña un papel crucial en el sistema de innovación de la K-economía al generar avances científicos y técnicos sustanciales y fomentar individuos innovadores. Es esencial investigar la preparación para la K-economía en sector educativo, ya que estudios anteriores se han centrado principalmente en este tema en el sector industrial. Objetivo: Determinar el efecto del pensamiento empresarial, habilidades en TIC, habilidades sociales y transculturales, y la preparación profesional en la preparación para la K-economía de los estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Esta pregunta de investigación se respondió mediante un análisis de regresión múltiple de datos de encuestas recopilados de 578 estudiantes universitarios de Educación Económica en seis universidades basadas en docentes en la isla de Java, Indonesia. Resultados: Este estudio encontró que el pensamiento empresarial, habilidades TIC, habilidades sociales y transculturales, y la preparación profesional afectan positiva y significativamente la preparación para la K-economía de los estudiantes universitarios. Conclusión: La implementación de ajustes en la política educativa basados en los hallazgos de este estudio puede mejorar el conocimiento y el desarrollo de habilidades de los estudiantes en la educación superior para aumentar la competitividad en la K-economía. La enseñanza superior debe apoyarse en la información y la innovación para contribuir eficazmente al crecimiento económico y social de forma sostenible a través de la K-economía.

ABSTRACT The project is developed to achieve a productive transformation in the Yaguajay Municipality. From the beginning, the human side of change has focused attention, keeping in mind that every change has two dimensions: the technical field and the human field, but for the change processes to be successful we need to manage the human side of that transformation. When trying to introduce a Circular Productive System, it is necessary to develop the appropriate strategy in both areas for change, but above all the human one. Human errors are generally more catastrophic than technical ones, there are plenty of experiences. To this end, a strategy was developed to evaluate the innovative capabilities of direct staff, labor and management groups in order to know the state of knowledge, skills and human aspects in order to take the next steps towards transformation productive.

RESUMEN El proyecto se desarrolla con vista a lograr una transformación productiva en el Municipio Yaguajay. Desde un inicio, el lado humano del cambio ha centrado la atención, teniendo presente que todo cambio posee dos dimensiones: el ámbito técnico y el ámbito humano, pero para que los procesos de cambio sean exitosos se necesita gestionar el lado humano de esa transformación. Cuando se intenta introducir un Sistema Productivo Circular es necesario desarrollar la estrategia adecuada en los dos ámbitos para el cambio, pero sobre todo el humano. Los errores humanos son, por lo general, más catastrófico que los técnicos, experiencias sobran. Para ello, se elaboró una estrategia para evaluar las capacidades innovadoras en el personal directo, en los colectivos laborales y de dirección de manera de conocer en qué estado se encontraba el conocimiento, las habilidades y los aspectos humano para poder dar los siguientes pasos hacia la transformación productiva.

ABSTRACT The modern system of higher education is subject to significant transformation under the influence of digital technologies and their deep penetration into the educational process. The teaching staff of higher education today is subject to significant requirements in terms of digital literacy and skills in the development and application of information systems in the educational process and the methodological development of the educational process organized on their basis.This article focuses on the work of teachers in the digital environment. An important problem is the issue of teachers' adaptation to the dynamically changing digital environment, taking into account the requirements to the level of competence due to the specifics of the digital environment and the already existing level of digital literacy of the teacher. It is noted that in a modern university the teacher is a multifunctional subject performing teaching, methodological, research and administrative tasks, the solution of which is often associated with working in the digital environment of an educational organization. The article presents the results of the study of the digital maturity of an educational organization as a set of organized processes and interrelations between the subjects of the educational process in the totality of technical and technological digital space of the university.The authors proposed a model of "digital maturity of an educational organization", which allows to determine the level of digital development and directions of digital transformation. The method of digital development assessment is proposed, taking into account the digital environment of teachers within the framework of educational, methodological, administrative, research activities.

RESUMEN El sistema moderno de educación superior está sujeto a una transformación significativa bajo la influencia de las tecnologías digitales y su profunda penetración en el proceso educativo. Hoy en día, el personal docente de la enseñanza superior está sujeto a requisitos significativos en términos de alfabetización digital y competencias en el desarrollo y la aplicación de sistemas de información en el proceso educativo y el desarrollo metodológico del proceso educativo organizado sobre su base. Este artículo se centra en el trabajo de los profesores en el entorno digital. Un problema importante es la cuestión de la adaptación de los profesores al entorno digital que cambia dinámicamente, teniendo en cuenta los requisitos al nivel de competencia debido a las especificidades del entorno digital y el nivel ya existente de alfabetización digital del profesor. Se señala que en una universidad moderna el profesor es un sujeto multifuncional que desempeña tareas docentes, metodológicas, de investigación y administrativas, cuya solución suele estar asociada al trabajo en el entorno digital de una organización educativa. El artículo presenta los resultados del estudio de la madurez digital de una organización educativa como conjunto de procesos organizados e interrelaciones entre los sujetos del proceso educativo en la totalidad del espacio digital técnico y tecnológico de la universidad. Los autores propusieron un modelo de "madurez digital de una organización educativa", que permite determinar el nivel de desarrollo digital y las direcciones de la transformación digital. Se propone el método de evaluación del desarrollo digital, teniendo en cuenta el entorno digital de los profesores en el marco de las actividades educativas, metodológicas, administrativas, de investigación.

ABSTRACT The dizzying development of the scientific-technical revolution and its impact on the educational sphere require the continuous improvement of the directors of special education educational institutions, since it is their responsibility to scientifically direct the educational processes, advise teachers, families and coordinate with the socio-educational agents of the school network to achieve in students the development of practical-social skills and quality learning for life, so that they graduate fit and capable of interacting appropriately in their socio-family environment. Hence, the need to implement actions aimed at the professional improvement of the director. The article exposes a pedagogical improvement strategy to transform the modes of action of special education managers in the direction of scientific-methodological work aimed at the development of self-determination skills in students with intellectual disabilities. Theoretical and empirical methods were used to identify and solve the improvement needs of managers. The novelty of the strategy lies in the articulated conception of the different forms of improvement, established in Advanced Education, from the municipality's work system, with a systemic, planned and conscious character. With its implementation, the professional and personal performance of the managers and students was improved, who graduated with the empowerment of skills for making decisions, making choices, solving problems and establishing goals and objectives.

RESUMO O vertiginoso desenvolvimento da revolução técnico-científica e o seu impacto na esfera educativa exigem o aperfeiçoamento contínuo dos dirigentes das instituições de ensino de educação especial, uma vez que lhes compete dirigir cientificamente os processos educativos, aconselhar os professores, as famílias e coordenar com o sector sócio-económico. -os agentes educativos da rede escolar conseguirem nos alunos o desenvolvimento de competências prático-sociais e uma aprendizagem de qualidade para a vida, para que se formem aptos e capazes de interagir adequadamente no seu ambiente sócio-familiar. Daí a necessidade de implementar ações que visem ao aperfeiçoamento profissional do diretor. O artigo expõe uma estratégia de aprimoramento pedagógico que visa transformar os modos de atuação dos gestores de educação especial para direcionar o desenvolvimento de competências de autodeterminação em alunos com deficiência intelectual. Métodos teóricos e empíricos foram utilizados para identificar e solucionar as necessidades de melhoria dos gestores. A novidade da estratégia reside na concepção articulada das diferentes formas de melhoria, estabelecidas na Educação Avançada, a partir do sistema de trabalho do município, com caráter sistêmico, planejado e consciente. Com a sua implementação, melhorou-se o desempenho profissional e pessoal dos gestores e alunos, que se formaram com a capacitação de competências para tomar decisões, fazer escolhas, resolver problemas e estabelecer metas e objetivos.

RESUMEN El vertiginoso desarrollo de la revolución científico técnica y su incidencia en la esfera educacional exigen de la superación continúa de los directores de las instituciones educativas de la educación especial, pues a ellos les corresponde dirigir científicamente los procesos educativos, asesorar a docentes, familias y coordinar con los agentes socioeducativos de la red escolar para lograr en los educandos, el desarrollo de habilidades prácticas - sociales y un aprendizaje de calidad para toda la vida, de manera que egresen aptos y capaces de interactuar adecuadamente en su entorno socio familiar. De ahí, la necesidad de implementar acciones orientadas a la superación profesional del director. El artículo expone una estrategia pedagógica de superación dirigida a transformar los modos de actuación de los directivos de la educación especial para direccionar el desarrollo de habilidades de autodeterminación en los educandos en situación de discapacidad intelectual. Fueron empleados métodos del nivel teórico y empírico para la identificación y solución de las necesidades de superación de los directivos. La novedad de la estrategia radica en la concepción articulada de las diferentes formas de superación, establecidas en la Educación de Avanzada, desde el sistema de trabajo del municipio, con un carácter sistémico, planificado y consiente. Con su implementación se perfeccionó el desempeño profesional y personal de los directivos y los educandos quienes egresaron con el empoderamiento de habilidades para la toma de decisiones, la realización de elecciones, la resolución de problemas y el establecimiento de metas y objetivos.

Abstract Medical communication skills are treated as innate abilities, without the need for training and evaluation. However, they play a very important role in the doctor-patient relationship. Communication deficits are a cause of dissatisfaction and litigation. Quality communication is associated with greater adherence to proposed procedures and increases patient satisfaction and safety. Effective communication is particularly important in Gynecology-Obstetrics and justifies specific training. Formal teaching of communication skills should be included at all levels of medical education, just like technical-scientific skills.

Resumo As capacidades comunicacionais dos médicos são tratadas como habilidades inatas, sem a necessidade de treino e avaliação. Desempenham, no entanto, um papel da maior importância na relação médico-doente. Os déficits de comunicação são causa de descontentamento e motivo de litigância. A comunicação de qualidade está associada a maior adesão aos procedimentos propostos, aumenta a satisfação e segurança do doente. A comunicação eficaz assume particular acutilância em Ginecologia-Obstetrícia e justifica que seja objeto de treino específico. O ensino formal da competência em comunicação deve ser incluído em todos os níveis da educação médica, à semelhança das competências técnico-científicas.