Resumen: Esta investigación tiene por objeto adaptar y validar el instrumento denominado Perfil de Implementación del Proyecto (PIP) para la evaluación de proyectos realizados en Latinoamérica. Participaron 420 profesionales involucrados, ya sea como líderes o miembros de equipos, en proyectos culminados en el periodo 2020-2021. Como el instrumento fue elaborado en inglés se utilizó un procedimiento de traducción y re-traducción, en el cual participaron expertos profesionales y académicos en gestión de proyectos junto con traductores certificados, para su adaptación a la población hispanoparlante en Latinoamérica. Para el análisis factorial exploratorio se seleccionó el método de extracción de mínimos cuadrados no ponderados, obteniéndose cuatro factores críticos de éxito: Comunicación con el cliente, seguimiento y planeación, alta gerencia, y capacidades técnicas, con coeficientes Cronbach Alpha comprendidos entre .876 y .933. Posteriormente se aplicó el análisis factorial confirmatorio, el cual demostró que el instrumento posee validez convergente y discriminante y, en consecuencia, puede ser utilizado en la academia para futuras investigaciones sobre la gestión de proyectos, y en lo profesional para evaluar el desempeño de proyectos ecuatorianos, contemplando la limitación de que el porcentaje de participación de proyectos de otros países de Latinoamérica en la muestra de estudio fue del 22 %.

Abstract: This research aims to adapt and validate the Project Implementation Profile (PIP) instrument for evaluating projects carried out in Latin America. Four hundred twenty professionals participated as leaders or team members in projects completed in 2020-2021. As the instrument was developed in English, a translation and retranslation procedure was used, in which professional and academic experts in project management participated, along with certified translators, for its adaptation to the Spanish-speaking population in Latin America. For the exploratory factor analysis, the unweighted least squares extraction method was selected, obtaining four critical success factors: Communication with the client, monitoring and planning, senior management, and technical capabilities, with Cronbach Alpha coefficients between .876 and 933. Subsequently, confirmatory factor analysis was applied, demonstrating that the instrument has convergent and discriminant validity and, consequently, can be used in academia for future research on project management and professionally to evaluate the performance of Ecuadorian projects, considering the limitation that the percentage of participation of projects from other Latin American countries in the study sample was 22%.

ABSTRACT Background and Objective Salvage robot assisted radical prostatectomy (sRARP) is performed for patients with biochemical or biopsy proven, localized prostate cancer recurrences after radiation or ablative therapies. Traditionally, sRARP has been avoided by lower volume surgeons due to technical demand and high complication rates. Post-radiation sRARP outcomes studies exist but remain few in number. With increasing use of whole gland and focal ablative therapies, updates on sRARP in this setting are needed. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of recently reviewed studies on the oncologic outcomes, functional outcomes, and complications after post-radiation and post-ablative sRARP. Tips and tricks are provided to guide surgeons who may perform sRARP. Materials and Methods We performed a non-systematic literature search of PubMed and MEDLINE for the most relevant articles pertaining to the outlined topics from 2010-2022 without limitation on study design. Only case reports, editorial comments, letters, and manuscripts in non-English languages were excluded. Key Content and Findings Salvage robotic radical prostatectomy is performed in cases of biochemical recurrence after radiation or ablative therapies. Oncologic outcomes after sRARP are worse compared to primary surgery (pRARP) though improvements have been made with the robotic approach when compared to open salvage prostatectomy. Higher pre-sRARP PSA levels and more advanced pathologic stage portend worse oncologic outcomes. Patients meeting low-risk, EAU-biochemical recurrence criteria have improved oncologic outcomes compared to those with high-risk BCR. While complication rates in sRARP are higher compared to pRARP, Retzius sparing approaches may reduce complication rates, particularly rectal injuries. In comparison to the traditional open approach, sRARP is associated with a lower rate of bladder neck contracture. In terms of functional outcomes, potency rates after sRARP are poor and continence rates are low, though Retzius sparing approaches demonstrate acceptable recovery of urinary continence by 1 year, post-operatively. Conclusions Advances in the robotic platform and improvement in robotic experience have resulted in acceptable complication rates after sRARP. However, oncologic and functional outcomes after sRARP in both the post-radiation and post-ablation settings are worse compared to pRARP. Thus, when engaging in shared decision making with patients regarding the initial management of localized prostate cancer, patients should be educated regarding oncologic and functional outcomes and complications in the case of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer that may require sRARP. (sRARP proven therapies Traditionally Postradiation Post number needed postradiation post postablative nonsystematic non systematic 20102022 2010 2022 2010-202 design reports comments letters nonEnglish English excluded pRARP (pRARP presRARP pre lowrisk, lowrisk low risk, risk low-risk EAUbiochemical EAU highrisk BCR injuries contracture year postoperatively. postoperatively operatively. operatively post-operatively However postablation ablation Thus 2010202 201 202 2010-20 201020 20 2010-2 20102 2 2010-

Abstract Introduction: Patient safety is a critical global public health issue, focused on a care delivery system that prevents errors and is built on a safety culture involving all healthcare professionals, organizations, and patients. Objective: To evaluate the level of health professionals' literacy regarding patient safety at a hospital center in the central region of Portugal. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive-correlational, cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the level of patient safety literacy among healthcare professionals. A sample of 300 professionals from a hospital center in central Portugal answered the World Health Organisation's ‘Questionnaire to Evaluate the Implementation of the Multiprofessional Guide.’ Most of the health professionals included in the study were female (76.3%), 50.3% were in the 36-50 age group and the majority were nurses (90%). Results: 44.0% of the respondents demonstrated low literacy in the "Error and Patient Safety" dimension. Similarly, 44.7% exhibited low literacy in the "Health System Safety" dimension. Regarding the "Personal Influence on Safety" dimension, more than half of the sample (52.7%) showed high literacy. Lastly, the majority of respondents displayed low literacy (54.7%) in the "Personal Attitudes towards Patient Safety" dimension. Conclusion: The findings indicate significant gaps in healthcare professionals' literacy concerning patient safety, predominantly in the "Personal Attitudes towards Patient Safety" dimension. Therefore, it is essential that healthcare professionals receive further training in patient safety to ensure the public's trust in their professional practices and confidence in the healthcare system. This translation is tailored for submission to a high-impact Q1 scientific journal, ensuring the use of precise and specialized technical English suitable for an academic audience.

Resumo Introdução: A segurança do doente é uma questão séria de saúde pública global, focada num sistema de prestação de cuidados que previne erros e é construído sobre uma cultura de segurança que envolve todos os profissionais de saúde, organizações e doentes. Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de literacia dos profissionais de saúde em relação à segurança do doente num centro hospitalar na região central de Portugal. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo-correlacional e transversal para avaliar o nível de literacia dos profissionais de saúde em relação à segurança do doente. Uma amostra de 300 profissionais de um Centro Hospitalar na região central de Portugal respondeu ao "Questionário para Avaliar a Implementação do Guia Multiprofissional" da Organização Mundial de Saúde. A maioria dos profissionais de saúde incluídos no estudo são do sexo feminino (76,3%), encontram-se na faixa etária (dos 36-50 anos) 50,3% e são maioritariamente enfermeiros (90%). Resultados: 44,0% dos inquiridos demonstraram baixa literacia na dimensão "Erro e segurança do doente". De forma semelhante, 44,7% apresentaram baixa literacia na dimensão "Segurança do Sistema de Saúde". Quanto à dimensão "Influência Pessoal na Segurança", mais de metade da amostra (52,7%) é altamente letrada. Por último, a maioria dos inquiridos mostrou baixa literacia (54,7%) na dimensão "Atitudes Pessoais em relação à Segurança do Doente". Conclusão: Os resultados apontam existir lacunas por parte dos profissionais de saúde sobre literacia na segurança do doente, com predominância na dimensão "Atitudes Pessoais em Relação à Segurança do Doente". Assim, é essencial que os profissionais de saúde recebam mais formação em segurança do doente para garantir a confiança dos cidadãos nas suas práticas profissionais e na confiança no sistema de saúde.

Resumen Introducción: La seguridad del paciente es un problema crítico de salud pública global, enfocado en un sistema de prestación de cuidados que previene errores y está construido sobre una cultura de seguridad que involucra a todos los profesionales de la salud, organizaciones y pacientes. Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel de alfabetización sobre la seguridad del paciente de los profesionales de la salud en un centro hospitalario en la región central de Portugal. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo-correlacional y transversal para evaluar el nivel de alfabetización en seguridad del paciente entre los profesionales sanitarios. Una muestra de 300 profesionales de un centro hospitalario del centro de Portugal respondió al «Cuestionario para evaluar la aplicación de la Guía Multiprofesional» de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. La mayoría de los profesionales sanitarios incluidos en el estudio eran mujeres (76,3%), el 50,3% tenían entre 36 y 50 años y la mayoría eran enfermeras (90%). Resultados: El 44,0% de los encuestados demostró baja alfabetización en la dimensión "Error y Seguridad del Paciente". De manera similar, el 44,7% mostró baja alfabetización en la dimensión "Seguridad del Sistema de Salud". En cuanto a la dimensión "Influencia Personal en la Seguridad", más de la mitad de la muestra (52,7%) mostró alta alfabetización. Por último, la mayoría de los encuestados mostró baja alfabetización (54,7%) en la dimensión "Actitudes Personales hacia la Seguridad del Paciente". Conclusión: Los resultados indican brechas significativas en la alfabetización sobre la seguridad del paciente de los profesionales de la salud, predominantemente en la dimensión "Actitudes Personales hacia la Seguridad del Paciente". Por lo tanto, es esencial que los profesionales de la salud reciban más formación en seguridad del paciente para asegurar la confianza del público en sus prácticas profesionales y la confianza en el sistema de salud. Esta traducción está diseñada para la presentación en una revista científica de alto impacto Q1, asegurando el uso de un español técnico preciso y especializado adecuado para una audiencia académica.

Abstract This article explores why the Andean Community of Nations (CAN) has failed to achieve concrete regional security strategies for member countries. The research uses the English School of International Relations approach that considers security a value or a "primary institution", like territoriality, sovereignty, equality, and market; therefore, agendas and discussions within the regional group should include security proportionally. Through a frequency analysis, the study reviewed 342 decisions adopted by the CAN during 2006-2020. The results show that the community is still consolidating its structure. Although CAN has a broad technical agency and a scheme dedicated to strengthening the common market, its system of primary institutions is weak. In this sense, decisions on security are insufficient.

Resumen Este artículo indaga por qué la Comunidad Andina de Naciones (CAN) no ha logrado estrategias regionales concretas de seguridad para los países miembros. Se parte del enfoque de la escuela inglesa (EI) de las relaciones internacionales, que considera que la seguridad es un valor o una “institución primaria”, como lo son territorialidad, soberanía, igualdad y mercado; por lo que debería incluirse en las agendas y discusiones del grupo regional en igual proporción. Se estudiaron 342 decisiones adoptadas por la CAN en el período de 2006-2020 mediante un análisis de frecuencias. Se concluye que la comunidad se encuentra en construcción, tiene una amplia agencia técnica, una estructura dedicada al fortalecimiento del mercado común, pero su sistema de instituciones primarias es débil. En este sentido, las decisiones sobre la seguridad son insuficientes.

RESUMEN Actualmente, el número de cursos en línea y la demanda de e-learning están creciendo, lo que a menudo se debe a la flexibilidad que ofrece este formato de formación y al coste relativamente bajo de la formación. Al mismo tiempo, solo entre el 10 y el 15% de los estudiantes completan con éxito el curso. Hay una serie de factores externos e internos que influyen en la finalización exitosa de un curso en línea. Hemos desarrollado 3 cursos de ESP en línea para estudiantes de posgrado (con mención en Farmacia Industrial, Psicología, Salud Pública y Salud) y un curso de ESP en línea para estudiantes de pregrado de facultades clínicas. Los cursos para estudiantes de posgrado se implementaron como parte de su especialización para programas de maestría, mientras que el curso para estudiantes de pregrado se ofreció como menor. Todos los cursos se desarrollaron de acuerdo con el esquema del curso aprobado, se alojaron en la plataforma Moodle, contenían elementos de interactividad (conferencias interactivas, simulador interactivo), el control se llevó a cabo mediante pruebas MCQ y a los estudiantes también se les ofrecieron tareas creativas (se verificaron manualmente por los profesores). Todos los cursos en línea se han sometido a un examen de tres etapas, lo que garantiza la calidad del curso en términos de contenido e implementación técnica. A pesar de una serie de similitudes entre estos cursos (desde el punto de vista de la organización), el desempeño en los cursos para estudiantes de posgrado y en el curso para estudiantes universitarios fue significativamente diferente (95,5% de los estudiantes de posgrado y 13% de los estudiantes universitarios completaron con éxito sus estudios). Dominar un curso en línea requiere un alto grado de autoorganización, por lo que este formato de trabajo probablemente sea apropiado para graduados y estudiantes de doctorado. En este estudio se construyó un modelo matemático que permite predecir con un alto grado de confianza (96%) si un estudiante completará exitosamente el curso en línea.

ABSTRACT Currently, the number of online courses and the demand for e-learning are growing, which is often due to the flexibility this training format provides and the relatively low cost of training. At the same time, only 10-15% of students successfully complete the course. There are a number of external and internal factors that influence the successful completion of an online course. We have developed 3 online ESP courses for graduate students (majoring in Industrial Pharmacy, Psychology, Public Health and Healthcare) and an online ESP course for undergraduate students of clinical faculties. Courses for graduate students were implemented as part of their major for master's programs while the course for undergraduate students was offered as a minor. All courses were developed in accordance with the approved course outline, hosted on the Moodle platform, contained elements of interactivity (interactive lectures, interactive simulator), control was carried out using MCQ tests, and students were also offered creative assignments (they were checked manually by teachers). All online courses have undergone a three-stage examination, which guarantees the quality of the course in terms of content and technical implementation. Despite a number of similarities between these courses (from the point of view of organization), performance in the courses for graduate students and the course for undergraduates was significantly different (95.5% of graduate students and 13% of undergraduates successfully completed their studies). Mastering an online course requires a high degree of self-organization, so this format of work is most likely appropriate for graduates and PhD students. In this study, a mathematical model was built that makes it possible to predict with a high degree of confidence (96%) whether a student will successfully complete the online course.

Abstract Purpose Our research examined the impact of readability on the understandability of notes to the financial statement and investigated the influence of a glossary on understandability. Theoretical framework Previous studies have treated readability and understandability as synonymous, but understandability is a broader concept influenced by contextual complexity, syntax, and individual characteristics. Design/methodology/approach We conducted an experiment involving 111 participants in Brazil with a background in accounting. We manipulated components of the Flesch readability metric and assessed their impact on understandability, as measured by the Meaning Identification Test. Findings Enhancing the readability of financial statement notes did not improve their understandability. However, participants' overall comprehension abilities and personal characteristics were found to significantly influence understandability. Additionally, the inclusion of a glossary of technical terms had a positive impact on understandability only for users with limited prior knowledge. Practical & social implications of research Researchers should consider alternative metrics to assess understandability. Standard setters and regulators should reconsider the effectiveness of presenting a glossary. Investors can advocate for improved text quality measures and the presentation of high quality information. Originality/value Most readability studies focus on reports written in English, and they are mainly applied to Anglophone countries. Our study extends this area of research in Brazil to reports written in Portuguese. Additionally, it highlights the need to explore the relationship between readability and understandability, as traditional readability formulas may not fully capture the comprehensibility of a text. synonymous complexity syntax Designmethodologyapproach Design methodology approach 11 accounting Test However Additionally knowledge information Originalityvalue Originality value English countries Portuguese 1

Abstract Media language encompasses literary and scientific elements, technical terminology, and cultural references. Effectively conveying its message to the target audience from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds can be challenging. This highlights some of the subtleties of media language that might add to translation difficulties. Media translation is a complex process, which involves information, knowledge, and analysis from a wide range of disciplines, including art, economics, literature, politics and science. In translating media content, accuracy in communicating cultural allusions, technical terms, and nuances to the intended audience is equally crucial as translating plain text from one language to another. This study explores the linguistic and cultural barriers that may occur while translating English-Arabic online media, with a focus on findings from BBC Online News articles. It attempts to further contribute to a deeper understanding of media translation by focusing on bridging the linguistic and cultural divide while translating English to Arabic in online media. The results of this study suggest that a translator with advanced proficiency and a thorough comprehension of the subtle linguistic and cultural differences that exist in both languages is required to provide high-quality English to Arabic translation. In other words, skilled translators who can understand and incorporate the linguistic and cultural quirks of both languages, creating a seamless connection between the translation and media domains, are essential for efficient media translation. elements terminology references challenging difficulties process information knowledge disciplines art economics literature science content allusions terms another EnglishArabic articles highquality high quality words domains

ABSTRACT Introduction: Evaluating scientific production in bibliographic databases recognized by the scientific community allows us to use indicators to analyze the productivity metrics of researchers, universities and countries, in terms of publications and citations. Objective: The aim of this article is to evaluate the behavior of the scientific production of federal universities in the Southeast and North regions between 2013 and 2022, in the Scopus bibliographic database. Methodology: The methodology was based on a technical bibliometric study procedure and a quantitative approach, using bibliographic information collected from Scopus. The selection criteria for the universities were the Folha University Ranking, from Folha de São Paulo and Times Higher Education, which resulted in the selection of the Federal University of Minas Gerais and the Federal University of São Paulo, in the Southeast, and the Federal University of Pará and the Federal University of Amazonas, in the North. Results: The results showed that the Federal University of Minas Gerais and the Federal University of São Paulo had higher numbers of publications indexed in Scopus than the Federal University of Pará and the Federal University of Amazonas. Among the universities selected, the Federal University of Minas Gerais had an average of 3,275.1 documents indexed between 2013 and 2022, while the Federal University of Amazonas had an average of 343 documents indexed in the period analyzed. With regard to the language of the documents indexed in Scopus from the universities analyzed, there is a concentration of texts in English. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the discrepancies in the number of publications indexed in Scopus between the universities are linked to the disparities in the technical-scientific base between the Brazilian regions. Introduction researchers countries citations Objective 201 2022 database Methodology approach Ranking Education Results selected 32751 3 275 1 3,275. 34 analyzed English Conclusion technicalscientific 20 202 3275 27 3,275 2 327 3,27 32 3,2 3,

RESUMO Introdução: A avaliação da produção científica em bases bibliográficas reconhecidas pela comunidade científica permite por meio de indicadores analisar as métricas de publicação de produtividade dos pesquisadores, universidades, países e citações. Objetivo: O artigo tem como objetivo avaliar o comportado da produção científica das universidades federais pertencentes à região Sudeste e Norte no período de 2013 a 2022 na base bibliográfica Scopus. Metodologia: A metodologia foi feita considerando o procedimento técnico de estudo bibliométrico e abordagem quantitativa por meio das informações bibliográficas coletadas na Scopus. O critério de seleção das universidades foi por meio do Ranking Universitário Folha da Folha de São Paulo e do Times Higher Education no qual resultou na seleção da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Sudeste), Universidade Federal do Pará e Universidade Federal do Amazonas (Norte). Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que a Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e a Universidade Federal de São Paulo apresentam números de publicações indexadas na Scopus superiores quando comparadas com as quantidades de publicações da Universidade Federal do Pará e Universidade Federal do Amazonas indexadas na Scopus. Dentre as universidades selecionadas, a Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais apresentou em média 3.275,1 documentos indexados entre 2013 a 2022, enquanto a Universidade Federal do Amazonas obteve em média de 343 documentos indexados no período analisado. Em relação ao idioma dos documentos indexados na Scopus das universidades analisadas, observase uma concentração em inglês. Conclusão: Conclui-se que as discrepâncias do número de publicações indexadas na Scopus entre as universidades vinculam-se às disparidades da base técnica-científica entre as regiões brasileiras. Introdução pesquisadores citações Objetivo 201 202 Metodologia Sudeste, , (Sudeste) Norte. . (Norte) Resultados selecionadas 32751 3 275 1 3.275, 34 analisado analisadas inglês Conclusão Concluise Conclui se vinculamse vinculam técnicacientífica técnica brasileiras 20 (Sudeste (Norte 3275 27 3.275 2 327 3.27 32 3.2 3.

Black queer feminist literature remains under-researched. This reflects the societal marginalisation of black queer authors in South Africa. Our article offers a comparative analysis of the representation of black queer women by black queer and cisgender authors in selected isiXhosa and English poetry. The poems selected are from Unam Wena (2021) by Mthunzikazi Mbungwana and red cotton (2018) by vangile gantsho. Firstly, we explore how queer feminism is captured from a Xhosa perspective. Secondly, we explore how English is used to expose readers to black queerness, and, thirdly, we question how literary scholarship influences or limits black queer feminist literature and the functionality of queer feminist poetry as representations of black women. Discourse theory is used to examine how authors of the selected poetry construct knowledge about black queerness from a feminist perspective and shape how people understand it. In this article we adopt a narrative enquiry within the constructionism paradigm with qualitative textual analysis. Our analysis of the poetry reveals that, although the selected poets use two different languages, the same protest voice is foregrounded, with observable differences being primarily technical-namely how form, sound, and structure are employed to set the tone and mood in the issues addressed.

Teachers in the current digital era are required to integrate Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in their daily teaching and must replace their traditional methods with modern tools and facilities. This is because ICT provides a dynamic and proactive teaching and learning environment. Consequently, the current study sought to establish how English First Additional Language (EFAL) Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) college first-year students understood face-to-face instruction and blended learning (BL) environments for academic writing. The study was qualitative in nature and a case study design was followed. Twelve purposively selected first-year students were involved in semi-structured interviews as part of data collection. In this study constructivism was used as theoretical framework with reference to BL and academic writing. The findings of the study revealed that most students were in favour of the face-to-face learning mode because of its advantages in their learning context. Those who were not in favour of BL posited that it had the potential to facilitate inequality among students as it was likely to benefit only those who could afford to buy data. The findings further revealed that participants believed that the combination of both face-to-face and online learning modes may be conducive to the context of learning academic writing. They contend that the two types of learning are inextricably linked. CONTRIBUTION: The study may contribute to knowledge on the measures that TVET institutions and other tertiary institutions can develop and implement academic writing practices and BL practices to aid the success of EFAL first-year students. The study was an attempt to provide feedback to academia on the current perspectives and experiences of first-year ESL students at TVET colleges to distinguish areas of limitations with reference to valuable teaching and learning, academic writing and BL practices that compromise quality.

Resumen Introducción: El transporte secundario de pacientes desempeña un papel importante en los traslados interhospitalarios, ya sea por la necesidad de realizar pruebas diagnósticas complementarias no disponibles o por la falta de recursos técnicos o humanos en la continuidad asistencial de determinadas unidades sanitarias. La decisión implicada en este proceso debe considerar la valoración riesgo/beneficio inherente al transporte de pacientes. Objetivo: Mapear la evidencia científica sobre los instrumentos de evaluación de pacientes para el transporte secundario. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión del alcance según la metodología PRISMA-ScR y el marco propuesto por el JBI: población (pacientes críticos), concepto (instrumentos de evaluación) y contexto (transporte secundario). Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane, Scielo y LILACS; y una búsqueda de literatura gris en las bases de datos OpenGrey, DART-Europe y RCAAP. Se incluyeron en la revisión los estudios publicados en portugués, español e inglés, sin limitación de tiempo de publicación. Resultados: Se incluyeron ocho artículos en la revisión. Se identificaron un total de 9 instrumentos de estratificación del riesgo para la evaluación de pacientes en el traslado secundario. Conclusión: Los instrumentos de evaluación de pacientes para el transporte secundario son beneficiosos debido a la inclusión de variables que ayudan a la estratificación del riesgo. El personal de enfermería desempeña un papel fundamental en la planificación y ejecución de un sistema de traslado eficaz.

Abstract Introduction: Secondary patient transport plays an important role in inter-hospital transfers, either due to the need to perform unavailable complementary diagnostic tests or due to the lack of technical or human resources in the continuity of care in certain healthcare units. The decision involved in this process should consider the risk/benefit assessment inherent to patient transport. Objective: To map the scientific evidence on patient assessment instruments for secondary transport. Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR methodology and the framework proposed by the JBI: population (critically ill patients), concept (assessment instruments), and context (secondary transport). A literature search was performed on the MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane, Scielo, and LILACS databases; and the grey literature was searched on the OpenGrey, DART-Europe, and RCAAP databases. Studies published in Portuguese, Spanish, and English were included in the review, with no limitation on the time of publication. Results: Eight articles were included in the review. A total of 9 risk stratification instruments for patient assessment in the secondary transfer were identified. Conclusion: Patient assessment instruments for secondary transport are beneficial due to the inclusion of variables that aid in risk stratification. Nurses play a key role in the planning and execution of an effective transfer system.

Resumo Introdução: O transporte secundário de doentes assume um papel relevante nas transferências inter-hospitalares, seja pela necessidade de realização de exames complementares diagnóstico não disponíveis ou pela falta de recursos técnicos ou humanos na continuidade de cuidados em determinadas unidades de saúde. A decisão implicada neste processo deve considerar a avaliação do risco/benefício inerente ao transporte do doente. Objetivo: Mapear a evidência científica acerca dos instrumentos de avaliação do doente para o transporte secundário. Métodos: Scoping Review realizada de acordo com a metodologia PRISMA-ScR e os critérios de elegibilidade sugeridos pelo JBI: população (doente crítico), conceito (instrumento de avaliação) e contexto (transporte secundário). Pesquisa realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane, Scielo e LILACS; literatura cinzenta pesquisada em OpenGrey, DART-Europe e RCAAP. Estudos publicados em português, espanhol e inglês foram incluídos sem qualquer limitação temporal. Resultados: Oito artigos foram incluídos na revisão. Foram identificados 9 instrumentos de estratificação do risco utilizados na avaliação do doente para o transporte secundário. Conclusão: Os instrumentos de avaliação do doente para o transporte secundário são vantajosos por apresentarem variáveis que auxiliam na estratificação do risco de transporte do doente. Destaca-se o papel do enfermeiro no que se refere ao planeamento e efetivação de um sistema de transferência eficaz.

RESUMEN Introducción: El surgimiento de la formación especializada en Enfermería de Rehabilitación fue un hito importante en la Historia de la Enfermería en Portugal y en los años 60 del siglo XX surgieron medidas pioneras que prepararon su programación. El primer plan de estudios apareció en 1965 y se reformuló cuatro veces hasta 1987. Metodología: Recurso al método histórico, con análisis documental narrativo y descriptivo de fuentes primarias contenidas en los planes de estudios de cursos especializados en enfermería de rehabilitación de 1965 a 1987. Las principales variables de interés fueron: motivo de creación de los cursos, conocimiento científico en los planes de estudio, relación con el contexto nacional, carga docente y relación con las funciones desempeñadas por el enfermero en respuesta al cuidado de la salud. Resultados: Los siete planes de estudio analizados revelan la constante evolución de la especialidad, debido principalmente al cambio en la carga horaria, progresivamente más intensa y con mayor interconexión entre teoría y práctica. La introducción de nuevos contenidos más especializados fue resultado de la complejidad de la atención y de la influencia de las revisiones por parte de grupos de trabajo compuestos por enfermeras y médicos. La introducción de áreas transversales como la pedagogía y la investigación permitió enriquecer y afirmar la Enfermería de Rehabilitación dentro de la disciplina y el área de la salud en Portugal. Discusión: La creación del primer curso de especialización, según el modelo norteamericano, se vio presionada por el elevado número de víctimas de la guerra colonial, iniciada en 1961. Con el avance del conocimiento científico y dado el contexto del país, los planes de estudio fueron reestructurados, siendo reconocida la especialidad a través del Decreto-Ley nº 265/83, dando lugar a la aparición de escuelas post-básicas en Lisboa, Oporto y Coimbra. En este proceso siempre se produjo un aumento progresivo de la carga docente de los diferentes planes de estudio asociado a un aumento de la complejidad de las funciones desempeñadas por el enfermero especialista. Conclusión: La formación especializada en enfermería de rehabilitación se desarrolló a través de diferentes influencias, en primer lugar norteamericanas e inglesas asociadas al contexto del país, que presentaba diferentes carencias relacionadas con el proceso rehabilitador, y hubo un seguimiento de la evolución del conocimiento técnico-científico y de los cambios socio-demográficos que se iban consolidando en el país.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The emergence of specialized training in rehabilitation nursing was an important milestone in the History of Nursing in Portugal and in the 1960s of the 20th century pioneering measures emerged that prepared its programming. The first study plan appeared in 1965 and was reformulated four times until 1987. Methodology: The historical method was used, with narrative and descriptive documentary analysis of primary sources contained in the syllabuses of specialized courses in rehabilitation nursing from 1965 to 1987.The main variables of interest were the reason for creating the courses, scientific knowledge in the study plans, relationship with the national context, teaching load, and relationship with the functions nurses perform in response to health care demands. Results: The seven study plans analyzed revealed the constant evolution of the specialty, mainly due to the change in the workload, progressively more intense and with greater interconnection between theory and practice. Introducing new, more specialized content resulted from the complexity of care and the influence of reviews by working groups of nurses and doctors. The introduction of transversal areas such as pedagogy and research made it possible to enrich and affirm Rehabilitation Nursing within the discipline and the area of health in Portugal. Discussion: According to the North American model, the creation of the first specialization course was pressured by the high number of victims of the colonial war, which began in 1961. With the advancement of scientific knowledge and given the context of the country, the study plans were restructured, being recognized as the specialty through Decree-Law No. 265/83, leading to the emergence of post-basic schools in Lisbon, Porto and Coimbra. In this process, there was always a progressive increase in the teaching load of the different study plans associated with an increase in the complexity of the functions performed by the specialist nurse. Conclusion: Specialized training in rehabilitation nursing developed through different influences, firstly with North American and English associated with the context of the country that had different shortcomings related to the rehabilitative process, and there was a follow-up of the evolution of technical-scientific knowledge and the socio-demographic changes that were being consolidated in the country.

RESUMO Introdução: O surgimento da formação especializada em enfermagem de reabilitação foi um marco importante na História da Enfermagem em Portugal e na década de 60 do século XX surgiram medidas pioneiras que prepararam a sua programação. O primeiro plano de estudos surgiu em 1965 e foi reformulado quatro vezes até 1987. Metodologia: Recurso ao método histórico, com análise documental narrativa e descritiva de fontes primárias constantes dos planos de estudos dos cursos de especialização em enfermagem de reabilitação de 1965 a 1987. As principais variáveis de interesse foram: motivo da criação dos cursos, conhecimento científico nos planos de estudo, relação com contexto nacional, carga letiva, e relação com as funções desempenhadas pelos enfermeiros em resposta aos cuidados de saúde. Resultados: Os sete planos de estudos analisados revelaram a constante evolução da especialidade, sobretudo pela alteração da carga horária, progressivamente mais intensa, e com maior interligação entre teoria e prática. A introdução de novos conteúdos mais especializados, foi fruto da complexidade de cuidados e da influência de revisões por grupos de trabalho constituídos por enfermeiros e médicos. A introdução de áreas transversais como pedagogia e investigação permitiram enriquecer e afirmar a Enfermagem de Reabilitação no seio da disciplina e da área da saúde em Portugal. Discussão: A criação do primeiro curso de especialização, segundo o modelo norte-americano, foi pressionada pelo elevado número de vítimas da Guerra colonial, iniciada em 1961. Com o avanço do conhecimento científico e atendendo ao contexto do país, os planos de estudos foram reestruturados, sendo reconhecida a especialidade através do Decreto-Lei n.º 265/83, levando ao surgimento de escolas Pós-Básicas em Lisboa, Porto e Coimbra. Neste processo houve sempre aumento progressivo da carga letiva dos diferentes planos de estudos associada a um aumento da complexidade das funções desempenhadas pelo enfermeiro especialista. Conclusão: A formação especializada em enfermagem de reabilitação desenvolveu-se através de diferentes influências, primeiramente norte-americanas e inglesas associadas ao contexto do país, que possuía diferentes carências relacionadas com o processo reabilitativo. Houve um acompanhamento da evolução dos conhecimentos técnico-científicos e das alterações sociodemográficas que se consolidavam no país.

ABSTRACT This qualitative and descriptive study aimed to describe pre-service English teachers’ experiences in teaching practice from the seventh and eighth semesters. Data was collected by an interview recorded to twelve pre-service English teachers from the seventh and eighth “A”- “B” semesters of the Pedagogy of National and Foreign Language at the Technical University of Cotopaxi. The results showed that the students had strengths and faced challenges in their teaching practice. The practitioners revealed strengths in methodology, presentation, practice and production (PPP) framework, technological resources, and self-confidence. This study also found that the pre-service English teachers showed their challenges in learning values, tutoring, curricular adaptation, and classroom management.

RESUMEN Este estudio cualitativo y descriptivo tuvo como objetivo describir las experiencias de los futuros docentes de inglés del séptimo y octavo semestre en la práctica. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de una entrevista grabada, en la cual participaron doce futuros docentes de inglés de séptimo y octavo semestre “A” - “B” de la carrera de Pedagogía de los Idiomas Nacionales y Extranjeros, de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi. Los resultados muestran que los futuros docentes de inglés tenían fortalezas y enfrentaban desafíos en su práctica docente. Los practicantes revelaron fortalezas en el área de la metodología, presentación, práctica y producción (PPP), recursos tecnológicos y la confianza en sí mismos. Además, los futuros docentes de inglés muestran desafíos en el aprendizaje de valores, tutoría, adaptación curricular y el manejo del aula.

Resumen El presente estudio exploró la articulación pedagógica entre las Redes Sociales para el Aprendizaje de Lenguas (RESAL) y las clases presenciales de inglés en la licenciatura en lenguas extranjeras de una universidad pública colombiana. Mediante una investigación mixta, se recogieron datos a través de encuestas, un diario del investigador, grupos focales, fichas de aprendizaje (learning logs) y la grabación de las pantallas de los computadores de los estudiantes durante el uso de la RESAL Livemocha. Los resultados indican que el éxito de la integración pedagógica de este tipo de redes sociales en las clases depende del nivel de competencia comunicativa de los estudiantes, la capacidad del docente para adaptar las actividades de la RESAL, y las actitudes y creencias de los estudiantes sobre aprender lenguas en ambientes virtuales. Además, la preparación de clase, la presencia del profesor y la creatividad juegan un papel preponderante en la implementación. Las percepciones de los estudiantes indican que las RESAL contribuyen al desarrollo de competencias comunicativas, aunque también resaltan la desmotivación que producen las fallas técnicas. Con base en este ejercicio investigativo, el cual tuvo lugar durante un semestre académico, los docentes-investigadores identifican etapas para la integración de este tipo de espacios educativos virtuales en clases presenciales de programas de formación docente.

Abstract This study explored the pedagogical articulation between SNSLL (Social Networking Sites for Language Learning) and face-to-face English classes in a teacher education program at a Colombian public university. Drawing on a mixed method approach, the data was collected through surveys, a researcher's journal, focus groups, learning logs, and screen recordings of students while using a SNSLL known as Livemocha. Results indicate that the success of the pedagogical integration of this type of social networking site in face-to-face language classes depends on the level of communicative competence of the students, the teacher's ability to adapt the activities of the SNSLL interface, and the students’ attitudes and beliefs about learning languages in virtual environments. In addition, class preparation, teacher presence, and creativity play an important role in integrating SNSLL. Students’ perceptions suggest that SNSLL contribute to the development of communication skills, although students highlight the lack of motivation caused by technical failures. Based on this research study, which took place during an academic semester, the teacher-researchers identify stages for the integration of these types of virtual educational spaces in face-to-face classes in teacher education programs.

Abstract Objective Brazil Health Ministry’s guidelines for tobacco control include the Smoking Cessation Program, developed by the Instituto Nacional de Câncer of Brazil. This review aims to describe the studies in which this Program has been applied, reviewing its procedures, effects, potential and limitations. Method Articles from PubMed, PsycINFO, Virtual Health Library and Scientific Electronic Library Online, published between 2002 and 2019, were evaluated, using the descriptors “Smoking Cessation Program” and “smoking cessation” in Portuguese, Spanish and English. A total of 1670 articles were pre-selected, of which 15 resulted eligible for final assessment. Results The results showed adherence rates from 33% to 100%, success rates from 15% to 85% after the intervention and 21% to 51% six months after treatment completion. This variability may be related to the lack of standardization and poor fidelity in the application of the Program, which intends to treat physical, psychological and behavioral dependence. Conclusion Investment in technical training and record monitoring is suggested. Ministrys Ministry s applied procedures effects limitations PubMed PsycINFO Online 200 2019 evaluated smoking cessation Portuguese English 167 preselected, preselected pre selected, selected pre-selected 1 assessment 33 100 100% 85 21 51 completion physical dependence suggested 20 201 16 3 10 8 2 5

Resumo Objetivo Entre as diretrizes do Ministério da Saúde para controle do tabagismo está o Programa de Cessação do Tabagismo, desenvolvido pelo Instituto Nacional do Câncer. Esta revisão objetiva descrever as pesquisas que aplicaram o Programa de Cessação do Tabagismo, analisando seus procedimentos, efeitos, potencialidades e limitadores. Método Foram avaliados artigos das bases PubMed, PsycINFO, Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde e Biblioteca Eletrônica Científica Online publicados entre 2002 e 2019 e encontrados através de busca que usou os descritores: “Programa Nacional de Controle do Tabagismo” e “cessação do tabagismo” em português, espanhol e inglês. Foram pré-selecionados 1670 artigos, dos quais 15 foram elegíveis para análise final. Resultados Os resultados mostraram taxas de adesão ao tratamento de 33% a 100%, taxas de sucesso de 15% a 85% após a intervenção e de 21% a 51% seis meses após o final do tratamento. Essa variabilidade pode estar relacionada à falta de padronização e baixa fidelidade na aplicação do Programa, que propõe tratar as dependências física, psicológica e comportamental. Conclusão Recomenda-se investimento em capacitação técnica e monitoramento dos registros. Tabagismo Câncer procedimentos efeitos limitadores PubMed PsycINFO 200 201 descritores cessação português inglês préselecionados pré selecionados 167 1 33 100 100% 85 21 51 física comportamental Recomendase Recomenda se registros 20 16 3 10 8 2 5