Resumen: El texto destaca la creciente necesidad global de integrar el urbanismo ecológico y sostenible con las demandas contemporáneas de circulación y transporte. Se resalta la importancia de la formación universitaria basada en investigaciones serias para arquitectos y urbanistas, promoviendo la colaboración entre todos los actores de la sociedad. La concentración urbana en aumento plantea desafíos en movilidad, sostenibilidad y comercio, siendo esencial abordar estos problemas en la educación y práctica profesional. La tendencia "puerta a puerta" en una sociedad consumista enfatiza la necesidad de reconciliar la movilidad con diseños sostenibles. El editorial de ESTOA reflexiona sobre estos aspectos, abogando por foros académicos que discutan proyectos sostenibles, adaptados a las necesidades del usuario. El número presenta artículos teóricos y prácticos que exploran la arquitectura desde diversos enfoques, desde estudios sobre patrimonio hasta evaluaciones de políticas públicas post-COVID-19. Se destaca la importancia de la formación y docencia en el desarrollo de sinergias en el eco-urbanismo, subrayando la necesidad de innovación en la educación arquitectónica y urbanística.

Abstract: The text emphasizes the growing global need to integrate ecological and sustainable urban planning with contemporary demands for circulation and transportation. The importance of university education based on serious research for architects and urban planners is highlighted, promoting collaboration among all societal stakeholders. The increasing urban concentration poses challenges in mobility, sustainability, and commerce, making it essential to address these issues in education and professional practice. The "door-to-door" trend in consumer-oriented societies underscores the need to reconcile mobility with sustainable designs. ESTOA's editorial reflects on these aspects, advocating for academic forums discussing sustainable projects tailored to user needs. The issue features theoretical and practical articles exploring architecture from various angles, ranging from heritage studies to evaluations of post-COVID-19 public policies. The text underscores the importance of education and teaching in developing synergies in eco-urbanism, emphasizing the need for innovation in architectural and urban education.

Abstract: This study presents a methodology to assess the feasibility of turning a conventional road infrastructure for the circulation of motorized vehicles into a sustainable mobility system through the incorporation of bicycle lane. The methodology includes five stages developed in two key moments: the collection and definition of parameters based on a literature review and, the analysis of selected road axes according to the study parameters: roadway section, bicycle lane slope and potentially benefited population. The assessment of the road infrastructure is based on six categories ranging from 1 to 0, where 1 represents the ideal situation and 0 the limit situation. The study will be carried out on the roads connecting the peri-urban sub-centers with the urban center, with the objective of promoting the safe use of bicycles as a means of transportation in an intermediate city in the Andes of Latin America, Cuenca in Ecuador. The study of the four proposed road axes indicates which road presents the optimal conditions for the incorporation of a bicycle lane in its current conditions.

Resumen: Este estudio presenta una metodología innovadora para evaluar la viabilidad de transformar la infraestructura vial convencional en Cuenca, Ecuador, en un sistema de movilidad sostenible mediante la inclusión de carriles para bicicletas. La metodología se compone de cinco etapas distribuidas en dos momentos clave: la recopilación y definición de parámetros, basados en una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva, y el análisis de ejes viales seleccionados de acuerdo con los parámetros de estudio: sección de la calzada, pendiente de ciclovía y población potencialmente beneficiada. La valoración de la infraestructura vial se basa en una escala de seis categorías dende 1 representa la situación ideal y 0 la situación límite. Esta investigación se centra en las vías que conectan los subcentros periurbanos con el centro urbano, con el objetivo de fomentar el uso seguro de la bicicleta como medio de transporte en una ciudad intermedia de los Andes de América Latina, Cuenca en Ecuador. El análisis de los cuatro ejes viales propuestos revela la vía con las condiciones óptimas para la incorporación de una ciclovía en su estado actual.

Abstract The National Urban Mobility Policy (PNMU) provides that cities with more than 20,000 inhabitants, belonging to metropolitan regions, or focused on tourist activities must create and approve mobility plans. Small cities, however, have specificities that hinder the development of this instrument. In this context, the purpose of the study was to examine mobility initiatives implemented in the municipality of Conde, State of Paraíba (PB), aiming at their replication in cities with similar socioeconomic conditions. A case study was conducted through documentary research in order to understand the context in which the initiatives were created and the results obtained. As a result, this research contributes to discussions related to sustainable mobility in cities by providing references to guide future efforts. PNMU (PNMU 20000 20 000 20,00 inhabitants regions plans however instrument Conde PB, PB , (PB) conditions obtained result efforts 2000 2 00 20,0 (PB 200 0 20,

Resumo A Política Nacional de Mobilidade Urbana (PNMU) prevê que cidades com mais 20.000 habitantes ou pertencentes a regiões metropolitanas ou voltadas para atividades turísticas elaborem e aprovem planos de mobilidade. Contudo, as cidades de pequeno porte possuem especificidades que dificultam o desenvolvimento desse instrumento. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as iniciativas de mobilidade implementadas no município de Conde-PB, visando à sua replicação em cidades de contexto socioeconômico semelhantes. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de caso através de pesquisa documental, no intuito de compreender o contexto de elaboração e os resultados alcançados. Como produto, esta pesquisa traz contribuições às discussões relacionadas à mobilidade sustentável nas cidades, por meio do fornecimento de referências para direcionar ações futuras. PNMU (PNMU 20000 20 000 20.00 Contudo instrumento CondePB, CondePB Conde PB, PB Conde-PB semelhantes isso documental alcançados produto futuras 2000 2 00 20.0 200 0 20.

Abstract In the pursuit of more sustainable and just mobilities, academic debates have regarded public participation as a fundamental component in transport and mobility planning. However, little has been discussed about the role of participation in mobility justice in the Global South, where mobilities are not always fair and inclusive. Against this backdrop, this paper adopts an innovative theoretical and methodological framework to investigate the practices, dynamics, and significance of participation within and outside state-led mobility planning in Brazil. The findings from Rio de Janeiro and Porto Alegre provide evidence of a range of spaces for participation and their importance in combating mobility injustices in informal settlements. However South inclusive backdrop practices dynamics stateled state led Brazil settlements

Resumo Na busca por uma mobilidade urbana mais sustentável e justa, os debates acadêmicos têm considerado a participação da sociedade como um componente fundamental no planejamento de transporte e mobilidade. No entanto, pouco se discutiu sobre o papel da participação na justiça da mobilidade no Sul Global, onde a mobilidade nem sempre é justa e inclusiva. Diante desse cenário, este artigo adota um referencial teórico e metodológico inovador para investigar as práticas, as dinâmicas e os significados da participação dentro e fora do planejamento da mobilidade estatal no Brasil. As descobertas do Rio de Janeiro e de Porto Alegre fornecem evidências sobre diferentes espaços de participação e sua importância no combate a injustiças da mobilidade em assentamentos informais. entanto Global inclusiva cenário práticas Brasil informais

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic led to a reduction in human mobility, known as “anthropause.” Few studies have compared birds’ community patterns between lockdown and “new normal” periods, especially in extremophile environments. This study presents the first baseline by monitoring coastal birds on 10 beaches along the largest hypersaline lagoon in South America. The birds were counted in September and October 2021 (during a lockdown period) and in October 2022 (after the lockdown – “new normal”) during the morning. The continuous route transect methodology was applied by the same observer in all beaches. The Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to investigate the response of community abundance to urbanization (raster-based variable) and time of COVID-19 pandemic (lockdown vs. new normal). Rarefaction curve and Permutational Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA) were used to compare community richness and composition, respectively, between lockdown and new normal periods. Generalized Linear Models (GLM) with negative binomial distribution were applied to test the effect of the same predictors on the three more abundant species. The bird community structure and composition did not change when comparing lockdown and new normal periods, mainly due to dominance of synanthropic species. Among species-specific responses to lockdown, the Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis was more abundant during the lockdown on six of the nine beaches where it occurred. Oppositely, the Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus and the Neotropic Cormorant Nannopterum brasilianus were more abundant in new normal period, reinforcing that these species benefit from human subsidies. This may provide a unique opportunity for science-based sustainable ecotourism activities in urban areas with synanthropic species, capitalizing activities such as birdwatching, that would certainly contribute to environmental education actions. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 mobility anthropause. anthropause “anthropause. periods environments 1 America 202 period after morning ANCOVA (ANCOVA rasterbased raster based variable vs normal. . normal) PERMANOVA (PERMANOVA respectively GLM (GLM speciesspecific specific occurred Oppositely subsidies sciencebased science birdwatching actions COVID1 COVID- “anthropause 20 2

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar e discutir estratégias de mobilidade sustentável e o papel das cidades na integração territorial, num corredor de desenvolvimento de natureza transnacional. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza exploratória e explicativa em consonância ao objetivo estabelecido, baseado em fontes bibliográficas e documentais, com o propósito de refletir sobre as propostas da Rota de Integração Latino-Americana (RILA) como corredor de desenvolvimento. De acordo com a pesquisa, pôde-se verificar o importante papel exercido pela mobilidade sustentável no corredor de transporte, como motor de desenvolvimento, assim como o papel estratégico de nó multimodal exercido pela cidade numa rede urbana polinuclear, especialmente quando esta adota medidas de mobilidade urbana sustentável. A mobilidade sustentável refletida neste estudo abrange as dimensões econômica, social e ambiental. Procurou-se alertar sobre a importância atual de um maior esforço no sentido do uso de tecnologias digitais, detectar soluções energéticas de descarbonização no transporte e buscar conexões com outros corredores de transporte, em especial, ferroviário, para um efeito estruturante da integração territorial pretendida, para se atingir desde a escala regional até a transnacional. Resumo transnacional Tratase Trata estabelecido documentais LatinoAmericana Latino Americana RILA (RILA pesquisa pôdese pôde polinuclear econômica ambiental Procurouse Procurou digitais especial ferroviário pretendida

Abstract: The objective of this study was to present and discuss sustainable mobility strategies and the role of cities in territorial integration, in a transnational development corridor. This is an exploratory and explanatory study in line with the established objective, based on bibliographic and documentary sources, with the purpose of reflecting on the proposals of the Latin American Integration Route (RILA) as a development corridor. According to the research, it was possible to verify the important role played by sustainable mobility in the transport corridor, as a driver of development, as well as the strategic role of a multimodal node played by the city in a polynuclear urban network, especially when it adopts mobility measures sustainable urban. The sustainable mobility reflected in this study covers economic, social and environmental dimensions. We sought to raise awareness about the current importance of greater effort towards the use of digital technologies, detecting energy solutions for decarbonization in transport and seeking connections with other transport corridors, especially rail, for a structuring effect on the intended territorial integration, to be achieved from regional to transnational scales. Abstract integration corridor sources RILA (RILA research network economic dimensions technologies corridors rail scales

Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue presentar y discutir estrategias de movilidad sostenible y el papel de las ciudades en la integración territorial, en un corredor de desarrollo de carácter transnacional. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio y explicativo acorde al objetivo planteado, basado en fuentes bibliográficas y documentales, con el propósito de reflexionar sobre las propuestas de la Ruta de la Integración Latinoamericana (RILA) como corredor de desarrollo. Según la investigación, se pudo constatar el importante papel que juega la movilidad sostenible en el corredor de transporte, como motor de desarrollo, así como el papel estratégico de nodo multimodal que desempeña la ciudad en una red urbana polinuclear, especialmente cuando Adopta medidas de movilidad urbana sostenible. La movilidad sostenible reflejada en este estudio abarca dimensiones económicas, sociales y ambientales. Buscamos concienciar sobre la importancia actual de un mayor esfuerzo hacia el uso de tecnologías digitales, detectando soluciones energéticas para la descarbonización en el transporte y buscando conexiones con otros corredores de transporte, especialmente ferroviarios, para lograr un efecto estructurante de la pretendida integración territorial. desde escalas regionales a escalas transnacionales. Resumen territorial transnacional planteado documentales RILA (RILA investigación polinuclear económicas ambientales digitales ferroviarios transnacionales

Resumo Este artigo busca compreender os gargalos da política de transporte público coletivo (TPC) de Belo Horizonte, quando comparada às de outras capitais, em especial, ao caso do município de Curitiba-PR. Para tanto, foi escolhido o IMUS (Índice de Mobilidade Urbana Sustentável), desenvolvido por Costa (2008), ferramenta de suporte à elaboração de políticas públicas. O índice é composto por 87 indicadores, os quais podem ser utilizados em sua totalidade ou parcialmente, a depender do foco da análise. Nesta pesquisa, focada no transporte público, foram selecionados 22 indicadores diretamente ligados ao tema. Foi realizada uma análise comparativa entre os resultados obtidos para Belo Horizonte e aqueles obtidos por outras capitais brasileiras. Os resultados apontaram desempenho insatisfatório de Belo Horizonte, decorrente principalmente das notas negativas dos indicadores relacionados ao financiamento do sistema e à provisão de infraestrutura pelo poder público. Como conclusões, o estudo sugere o aprimoramento dos mecanismos de financiamento do TPC, bem como maiores investimentos na infraestrutura urbana, além de sugerir a realização de estudos complementares de viés qualitativo. TPC (TPC especial CuritibaPR. CuritibaPR Curitiba PR. PR Curitiba-PR tanto Índice Sustentável, Sustentável , Sustentável) 2008, 2008 (2008) públicas 8 parcialmente pesquisa 2 tema brasileiras conclusões urbana qualitativo 200 (2008 20 (200 (20 (2 (

Abstract This paper aims to understand what are the main weaknesses of the public transportation policy of Belo Horizonte when compared to the policy adopted by other capital cities, with a special focus on the city of Curitiba-PR. To do so, we chose the IMUS (Sustainable Urban Mobility Index), developed by Costa (2008), a support tool for public policy development. The index includes 87 indicators, which can be applied only partially depending on the focus of analysis. Since the focus of this research is public transportation, only 22 indicators directly related to the topic were calculated. In addition, a comparative analysis was performed between the results obtained by other Brazilian capitals. The results obtained by applying the index pointed to an unsatisfactory performance achieved by the Municipality, resulting mainly from the negative scores achieved by indicators related to the form of financing of the system and the provision of infrastructure by the public authority. As conclusions, the study suggests the improvement of financing mechanisms for public transportation, as well as greater investment in urban infrastructure and further qualitative studies. cities CuritibaPR. CuritibaPR Curitiba PR. PR Curitiba-PR so Sustainable Index, Index , Index) 2008, 2008 (2008) development 8 2 calculated addition capitals Municipality authority conclusions studies 200 (2008 20 (200 (20 (2 (

ABSTRACT This article aims to present the results of the Niterói Bicycle Policy Evaluability study. It is a pre-evaluative approach whose methodological path adopted the following steps: i) Document analysis; ii) Construction of the theoretical-logical model; iii) Agreement on the model with interested actors; iv) Definition of evaluative questions. The study made it possible to present a feasible, measurable and realistic design of the policy with the following dimensions: Urban Mobility, Safety and Cycle Education, Accountability and Healthy and Sustainable City. The importance of spreading monitoring and evaluation actions is reinforced here as an essential movement to strengthen the cyclomobility policy as an alternative transport and health promoter. preevaluative pre steps i analysis ii theoreticallogical theoretical logical iii actors iv questions feasible dimensions Mobility Education City promoter

RESUMEN Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar los resultados del estudio de Evaluabilidad de la Política de Bicicletas de Niterói. Se trata de un enfoque preevaluativo cuyo recorrido metodológico adoptó los siguientes pasos: i) Análisis de documentos; ii) Construcción del modelo teórico-lógico; iii) Acuerdo sobre el modelo con los actores interesados; iv) Definición de preguntas evaluativas. El estudio permitió presentar un diseño factible, medible y realista de la política con las siguientes dimensiones: Movilidad Urbana, Seguridad y Educación Ciclista, Rendición de Cuentas y Ciudad Saludable y Sostenible. Se refuerza aquí la importancia de difundir acciones de seguimiento y evaluación como un movimiento imprescindible para fortalecer la política de ciclomovilidad como transporte alternativo y promotor de la salud. Niterói pasos i documentos ii teóricológico teórico lógico teórico-lógico iii interesados iv evaluativas factible dimensiones Urbana Ciclista Sostenible salud

RESUMO Esse artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados do estudo de Avaliabilidade da Política Niterói de Bicicleta. Trata-se de uma abordagem pré-avaliativa cujo caminho metodológico adotou como etapas: i) Análise documental; ii) Construção do modelo teórico-lógico; iii) Pactuação do modelo com os atores interessados; iv) Definição das perguntas avaliativas. O estudo permitiu apresentar um desenho factível, mensurável e realista da política com as seguintes dimensões: Mobilidade Urbana, Segurança e Educação Cicloviária, Accountability e Cidade Saudável e Sustentável. Reforça-se aqui a importância de capilarizar ações de monitoramento e avaliação como um movimento indispensável ao fortalecimento da política de ciclomobilidade como transporte alternativo e promotor da saúde. Bicicleta Tratase Trata se préavaliativa pré avaliativa etapas i documental ii teóricológico teórico lógico teórico-lógico iii interessados iv avaliativas factível dimensões Urbana Cicloviária Sustentável Reforçase Reforça saúde

RESUMO Não são poucos os problemas econômicos, políticos, sociais afeitos aos transportes e mobilidade urbana que estarão à espera do próximo prefeito eleito da cidade de São Paulo, e vão exigir coragem para inovar. O escolhido não poderá se furtar a ter em sua agenda a transição da mobilidade, que implica adotar formas mais justas e sustentáveis para a mobilidade urbana, como também ter disposição para enfrentar arranjos interfederativos de governança e de gestão democrática. Para tanto, há de assumir uma abordagem alternativa ao planejamento de transportes tradicional, buscar soluções heterodoxas, em que os processos de apropriação da mobilidade pela comunidade levassem a mudança de lógicas e percepções e a práticas de governança e gestão mais democráticas, recuperando o protagonismo da gestão pública a favor da transição para a mobilidade justa e sustentável. econômicos políticos Paulo inovar democrática tanto tradicional heterodoxas democráticas sustentável

ABSTRACT The economic, political, and social issues related to urban transportation and mobility, at the await for the next elected mayor of São Paulo city, are not few and will require boldness to innovate. It will not be possible for him to avoid the mobility transition on his agenda, which will require him to embrace fairer and more sustainable forms of urban mobility, as well as to be willing to tackle inter-federative governance and democratic management arrangements. For this purpose, it will be necessary to undertake an alternative approach to traditional transportation planning, also to search for unorthodox solutions, in which the process of appropriation of mobility by the community leads to a shift into the present rationale and understanding and more democratic governance and management practices, reinstating the leading role of public management in favour of the transition to just and sustainable mobility. economic political city innovate agenda interfederative inter federative arrangements purpose planning solutions practices

Resumen En los últimos años ha proliferado el uso de la bicicleta en Argentina. Ciudades de diversos tamaños comenzaron a desarrollar infraestructura específica para impulsar la movilidad ciclista. Estos cambios generan una transformación en el reparto modal de viajes acorde con las propuestas de sostenibilidad de los organismos internacionales, lo que mejora, además del ambiente urbano, las posibilidades de viaje de las personas. En este sentido, es importante que estas políticas se impulsen de manera generalizada, como parte de una planificación integral, a fin de producir proyectos eficientes para la población. Este trabajo plantea la caracterización de cuatro tipologías de usuarios de bicicleta, analizando en profundidad sus experiencias de viaje cotidiano y reconociendo aspectos positivos y problemáticos, tomando como caso de estudio el casco urbano de la ciudad de La Plata. Como resultado se construyeron arquetipos de usuario, que tienen el potencial de ser utilizados como herramienta de planificación integral, a la hora de generar diseños y proyectos, en pos de promover una planificación estratégica.

Abstract In recent years, the use of bicycles has proliferated in Argentina. Cities of various sizes have begun to develop specific infrastructure to promote cycling mobility. These changes generate a transformation in the modal share of trips in accordance with the sustainability proposals of international organizations, improving the urban environment as well as people's travel possibilities. However, not all cities tend to promote these policies as part of comprehensive planning. In response to this problem, this work proposes the characterization of four types of bicycle users, analyzing in depth their daily travel experiences and recognizing positive and problematic aspects, taking the urban area of the city of La Plata as a case study. As a result, user archetypes were obteined, which are intended to be used as a comprehensive planning tool, when generating designs and projects, in order to promote strategic planning.

Resumo Nos últimos anos, o uso de bicicletas proliferou na Argentina. Cidades de vários tamanhos começaram a desenvolver infraestrutura específica para promover a mobilidade ciclável. Estas mudanças geraram uma transformação na distribuição modal das viagens de acordo com as propostas de sustentabilidade dos organismos internacionais, melhorando, além do ambiente urbano, as possibilidades de viagem das pessoas. Neste sentido, é importante que estas políticas sejam promovidas de forma geral, como parte de um planeamento integral, a fim de produzir projetos eficientes para a população. Este trabalho propõe a caracterização de quatro tipologias de usuários de bicicletas, analisando em profundidade suas experiências diárias de viagem e reconhecendo aspectos positivos e problemáticos, tomando como estudo de caso a zona urbana da cidade de La Plata. Como resultado, foram construídos arquétipos de usuário, que têm o poder de serem utilizados como ferramenta de planejamento abrangente, na geração de desenhos e projetos, a fim de promover o planejamento estratégico.

BACKGROUND: As urban populations rapidly expand across sub-Saharan Africa, promoting sustainable and efficient transportation systems is imperative for fostering economic growth and social inclusion by enhancing mobility and accessibility. OBJECTIVES: This study examines the travel mode choices and factors influencing the use of these modes among residents of Lusaka, Zambia, for their work or school trips. METHOD: A household survey ascertained mode choice, trip characteristics, and transportation challenges experienced. Descriptive, contingency table, and post hoc analyses explored relationships between mode and associated factors. RESULTS: Public buses emerged as the predominant mode for work/school trips, followed by walking and private cars, highlighting public transit's and non-motorised transport's importance. However, travel behaviour varied significantly by residential density. High-density areas favoured public transit and walking, while low-density areas promoted greater private vehicle use, highlighting the influence of urban form on mode choice. Key mode choice factors included travel time, fares and safety, though environmental concerns had lesser impact. Crucially, socio-economic and demographic characteristics like age, gender, income, education, employment, car ownership, trip purpose, household composition, presence of children, and destination accessibility significantly influenced mode choices, revealing the complex interplay shaping mobility patterns. CONCLUSION: Findings underscore the need for policy interventions investing in public transportation infrastructure, enhancing pedestrian and cycling facilities, and prioritising walkability in urban planning to encourage sustainable transportation behaviours. CONTRIBUTION: This study contributes to the discourse on urban sustainability by highlighting the importance of integrating social, economic, and environmental considerations into transportation planning and policymaking processes.

Abstract Many capital cities are expanding bicycle lanes or investing in public bike-sharing systems to make cycling mobility a viable transport solution within urban areas. While bicycles are fit for short-distance trips (<15 minutes), their attractiveness declines for longer trips (Ton et al., 2020; Handy et al., 2014; Jäppinen et al., 2013). So, it is opportune to estimate to what extent the accessibility can be increased when intermodal solutions are available. In this paper, a quantitative analysis of different mobility scenarios is conducted. The aim is to evaluate how time travel and accessibility to amenities by bike, can be improved if public transportation such, as the train, is considered. The analysis uses open data and detailed GIS-based network analysis to examine the spatial relationship between transport opportunities, travel time and amenities access in Lisbon, Portugal. Three mobility scenarios are considered: in the first scenario, short-distance trips by bike from home are evaluated (15- minute travel). Then, to evaluate the contribution in time travel of potential modal shift (bike and train) vs individual car, second and third scenarios are presented considering longer distance travels within the city of Lisbon, during peak hours. Results suggest that for longer trips, the combined use of bicycle and train infrastructure can be a faster or more convenient alternative to individual car use. Also, multimodal cycling can expand riders’ area of influence and thus increase the accessibility to opportunities. So, people living near train stations can beneficiate from a “potential” proximity to a diversity of amenities that are geographically more distant. In Lisbon, 34% of the population live within the 10-minute bicycle catchment areas around the 8 train stations from Cintura Line and can thus benefit from this combination of transport modes. City planners can use this methodology to prioritize spaces where investing in accessibility can have the largest impact in terms of improving connections between homes and destinations. This methodology, developed and tested in Lisbon, can be applied in other cities to support planning interventions regarding sustainable transport alternatives.

Abstract Since 2020, the world has been experiencing a health crisis that affects most seriously segments of the population that are more vulnerable in socioeconomic terms. In this context, this article defends the need for a new civilizational model based on the concept of commons, an alternative to the current neoliberalism. The hypothesis proposed here conceptualizes digital technologies, the city and its public services, mobility in particular, as institutions of the commons that, as such, can contribute to the construction of another civilizational model related to sustainable, resilient, and inclusive cities. Diverse approaches to urban commons have produced evidences that prove the hypothesis. In its conclusion, the article presents guidelines for an agenda based on urban commons that provide political leaders with elements to formulate an innovative model for the participatory management of mobility in cities. 2020 terms context neoliberalism technologies services particular such sustainable resilient cities conclusion 202 20 2

Resumo Desde 2020, o mundo vive uma crise sanitária atingindo com maior gravidade segmentos da população mais vulneráveis em termos socioeconômicos. Nesse contexto, este artigo defende a necessidade de um novo modelo civilizacional alternativo ao neoliberalismo atual, baseado no conceito dos comuns. Coloca-se a hipótese que conceitua as tecnologias digitais, a cidade e seus serviços públicos, a mobilidade em especial, enquanto instituições dos comuns, podendo contribuir para a construção de outro modelo civilizacional relativo a cidades sustentáveis, resilientes e inclusivas. Abordagens diversas sobre comuns urbanos apontam evidências que comprovam essa hipótese. Conclui-se com diretrizes para uma agenda baseada nos comuns urbanos que forneçam, às lideranças políticas, elementos para construir um novo modelo de gestão participativa da mobilidade nas cidades. 2020 socioeconômicos contexto atual Colocase Coloca se digitais públicos especial sustentáveis inclusivas Concluise Conclui forneçam políticas 202 20 2

Abstract E-bikes are an emerging sustainable means of transportation, if adopted massively, they can help face the challenger of human mobility in urban centers world-wide. In Cuenca, Ecuador, the local government built cycle routes (13.47km) connecting strategic points to facilitate and encourage sustainable mobility. However, the effective implementation of the electromobility strategies at a large scale entails impacts on the power grid, like the increase in the energy demand and the possible decrease of the energy quality due to the harmonic distortion that characterizes the battery´s charging current. This research aims to obtain a primary input to evaluate such impacts through an energy efficiency study of an urban e-bike charged by a standalone solar photovoltaic charging station implemented in the Microgrid Laboratory of Universidad de Cuenca. The methodology includes the experimental characterization of the battery’s charging regime, the vehicle’s energy efficiency calculation, and the evaluation of its compliance with Ecuadorian grid code No. ARCERNNR – 002/20. Results show that the battery’s charger performs a charging regime standardized by German regulations, delivering 92% of charge in 4.82 hours. The e-bike’s calculated average energy efficiency is 2.18 kWh/100 miles or 73.77 m/Wh, and a fuel economy of 1545.1 MPGe. Finally, the magnitude of the first four odd harmonic components and the total harmonic distortion of the charging current exceeds the limits established by the grid code in force.

Resumen Las bicicletas eléctricas (e- bikes) son un medio de transporte sostenible emergente. Si se adoptan masivamente, ayudarían a enfrentar los desafíos de movilidad humana en las ciudades del mundo. En Cuenca, Ecuador, el Gobierno local construyó ciclovías (13,46 km) que conectan puntos estratégicos, para facilitar y fomentar la movilidad sostenible. Sin embargo, la implementación efectiva de las estrategias de electromovilidad a gran escala conlleva impactos en la red eléctrica, como el aumento de la demanda de energía y la posible disminución de su calidad debido a la distorsión armónica de la corriente de carga de la batería. El propósito de esta investigación es hacer una evaluación preliminar de dichos impactos, mediante el estudio de eficiencia energética de una e-bike urbana cargada con una estación solar fotovoltaica aislada, implementada en el Laboratorio de Micro- Red de la Universidad de Cuenca. La metodología incluye la caracterización experimental del régimen de carga de la batería, el cálculo de la eficiencia energética del vehículo y la evaluación del cumplimiento de la normativa ecuatoriana ARCERNNR – 002/20, los resultados muestran que el cargador de la batería implementa un régimen de carga estandarizado por normas alemanas, entregando 92% de carga en 4,82 horas. La eficiencia energética promedio de la e-bike es 2,18 kWh/100 millas o 73,77 m/Wh, y una economía de combustible de 1545,1 MPGe. Finalmente, la magnitud de las primeras cuatro componentes armónicas impares y la distorsión armónica total de la corriente de carga supera los límites establecidos por la normativa.

Resumen En Costa Rica y en particular en la Gran Área Metropolitana la mayoría de los estudios desarrollados en el tema de movilidad y transporte plantean propuestas relacionadas con el derecho a la movilidad y a la implementación de la intermodalidad, sin embargo, no establecen la viabilidad para ejecutarlas. También, se deja de lado el análisis de los temas teóricos y del enfoque bajo el cual se abordan. En este artículo se propone una serie de reflexiones teóricas sobre conceptos y principios importantes de la movilidad urbana, basados en la metodología de la planificación estratégica de ciudades y bajo el enfoque de planificación urbano sostenible. A partir de los principios de continuidad y conectividad que buscan promover el movimiento y desplazamiento de personas, bienes y servicios, este artículo consideró el planteamiento del concepto de corredor urbano como estrategia de movilidad. Se incluye, un breve estudio de la morfología urbana y un modelo de circulación (en un sector de la Gran Área Metropolitana). Los resultados evidenciaron la limitada capacidad del GAM para promover interconexiones entre diferentes lugares.

Resumo Na Costa Rica e em particular na Grande Região Metropolitana, a maioria dos estudos desenvolvidos sobre o tema mobilidade e transporte levanta propostas relacionadas ao direito à mobilidade e à implementação da intermodalidade, porém, não estabelecem a viabilidade de executá-las. Também é deixada de lado a análise das questões teóricas e a abordagem sob a qual elas são abordadas. Este artigo propõe uma série de reflexões teóricas sobre importantes conceitos e princípios da mobilidade urbana, com base na metodologia do planejamento estratégico urbano e sob a abordagem do planejamento urbano sustentável. Com base nos princípios de continuidade e conectividade que buscam promover a circulação e deslocamento de pessoas, bens e serviços, este artigo considerou a abordagem do conceito de corredor urbano como estratégia de mobilidade. Inclui-se um breve estudo da morfologia urbana e um modelo de circulação (em um setor da Grande Área Metropolitana). Os resultados evidenciaram a capacidade limitada do GAM em promover interconexões entre os diferentes locais.

Abstract In Costa Rica and in particular in the Greater Metropolitan Area (GAM), most of the studies on the subject of inter-modality and transportation raise proposals related to the right to mobility and the implementation of inter-modality, however, they do not establish the feasibility to execute it. Also, the analysis of the theoretical issues and the approach under which they are oriented are left aside. This article proposes a series of theoretical reflections on important concepts and principles of urban mobility, based on the methodology of strategic city planning and under the sustainable urban planning approach. From the principles of continuity and connectivity that seek to promote the movement and displacement of people, goods and services, this article considered the approach of the concept of urban corridor as a strategy for mobility. It's included, a brief study of urban morphology and a circulation model (in a sector of the Greater Metropolitan Area). The results evidenced the GAM's limited capacity to promote interconnections between different places.