Abstract: The Galapagos Islands present distinctive challenges in managing their electrical system due to their remote geographical position. Currently, their energy sources are limited to non-renewable energy and partially dependent on renewable energy sources like wind and solar power. The intermittence of these sources poses a threat to the stability and reliability of power systems. The battery energy storage systems (BESS) are a commonly adopted approach for promoting the stability of frequency and voltage in power systems. However, the effectiveness of these systems in accomplishing this objective is contingent on the type of controller and operation used in the storage system. Electrical energy storage systems implement two primary modes of operation; Grid Following and Grid Forming. This paper focuses on the implementation and evaluation in different scenarios of the network-forming mode of operation of the storage system, with the purpose of contributing to the primary frequency regulation in the MRE of the Galapagos Islands. The results obtained demonstrate significant improvements in the stability of the MRE, and greater efficiency in primary frequency regulation.

Resumen: Las Islas Galápagos, debido a su ubicación geográfica aislada, enfrentan desafíos únicos en la gestión de su Microrred eléctrica (MRE), pues actualmente depende de energías no renovables y en una medida considerable de fuentes de energías renovables, como la energía solar y eólica. Estas fuentes de energía intermitentes, afectan la confiabilidad y estabilidad de la MRE. Una solución destacada en la actualidad es la implementación de los sistemas de almacenamiento de energía con baterías, pues estos sistemas aportan a la estabilidad de frecuencia y voltaje, sin embargo, estos aportes a la estabilidad de frecuencia y voltaje de la MRE están en función del tipo de controlador y operación que se emplee al sistema de almacenamiento. Existen dos modos de operación en sistemas almacenamiento de energía eléctrica; seguidor de red y formador de red. Este trabajo se enfoca en la implementación y evaluación en diferentes escenarios, del modo de operación formador de red del sistema de almacenamiento, con el propósito de aportar a la regulación primaria de frecuencia en la MRE de las Islas Galápagos. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran las mejoras significativas en la estabilidad de la MRE, y una mayor eficiencia en la regulación primaria de frecuencia.

Abstract: Smart Grids have revolutionized the electricity industry by enabling more efficient control and monitoring of the electricity supply, with a key component being smart meters (SM). These collect information on demand, energy, and harmonic distortion, among others, which must be stored and managed efficiently in a metering data management system (MDMS). The MDMS must ensure that a complete set of data is obtained for use in algorithms to ensure the reliability and quality of the power supply. To address the challenge of management the big data generated by SM, short, medium, and long-term measurement forecasting techniques have been proposed, highlighting the use of artificial intelligence such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Deep Learning (DL) methods due to their ability to adapt to different input and output variables with various time horizons. In addition, the influence of the diversity of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on the update time and data storage in the MDMS is highlighted. In this sense, this work aims to identify which ANN or DL architecture(s) could be more suitable for enterprise, survey, or research applications, demonstrating favorable performance metrics in different scenarios of sampling frequency and typical data update times in Smart Grids. This is relevant due to the need for MDMS to perform multivariate and multi-pass predictions in the short term to complete the information until the information is available or updated.

Resumen: Las Redes Eléctricas Inteligentes de Distribución (REID) han revolucionado la industria eléctrica al permitir un control y monitoreo más eficiente del suministro eléctrico, con un componente clave siendo los medidores inteligentes (SM). Estos recopilan información sobre la demanda, energía, distorsión armónica, entre otros, que deben ser almacenados y gestionados eficientemente en un sistema de gestión de datos de medición (MDMS). El MDMS debe garantizar la obtención de un conjunto completo de datos para su uso en algoritmos que aseguren la confiabilidad y calidad del suministro eléctrico. Para abordar el desafío de gestionar la gran cantidad de datos generados por los SM, se han propuesto diferentes técnicas de predicción de mediciones a corto, mediano y largo plazo, destacando el uso de inteligencia artificial como las Redes Neuronales Artificiales (ANN) y métodos de Aprendizaje Profundo (DL) debido a su capacidad de adaptación a diferentes variables de entrada y salida con diversos horizontes temporales. Además, se destaca la influencia de la diversidad de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) en el tiempo de actualización y almacenamiento de datos en un MDMS. En este sentido, este trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar qué arquitectura o arquitecturas de ANN o DL podrían ser más adecuadas para aplicaciones en empresas, estudios o investigaciones, demostrando métricas de rendimiento favorables en diferentes escenarios de frecuencia de muestreo y tiempos de actualización de datos típicos en un REID. Esto es relevante debido a la necesidad del MDMS de realizar predicciones multivariables y multipaso a corto plazo para completar la información, hasta que la misma esté disponible o se actualice.

Abstract Surveillance indicators of the quality of water for human consumption in the Amazon were analysed from 2016 to 2020 using 185,528 samples from 11 microregions. Of the samples analysed, 93.20% were from urban areas, 66.65% were from the public water supply system (WSS), 31.02% were from the Collective Alternative Solution-CAS, and 2.33% from the Individual Alternative Solution-IAS. There was an increase in the number of records by the WSS, with a downwards trend and fluctuations in records for the CAS and the IAS. The quality indicators of chemical and physical parameters for urban areas were higher than those for rural areas and traditional communities. Most of the samples presented pH values below the recommended level. In the quantification of microbiological parameters, a higher presence of total coliforms and E. coli was identified in samples from rural areas and in traditional communities. In conclusion, there were inadequacies in the chemical, physical and microbiological parameters as well as problems related to the supply, storage and surveillance of water distributed for human consumption. These findings indicate the need to build an agenda for public management to address water insecurity and its likely effects on food insecurity in the region. 201 202 185528 185 528 185,52 1 microregions 9320 93 20 93.20 6665 66 65 66.65 WSS , (WSS) 3102 31 02 31.02 SolutionCAS, SolutionCAS Solution CAS, Solution-CAS 233 2 33 2.33 SolutionIAS. SolutionIAS IAS Solution-IAS communities level E conclusion region 18552 18 52 185,5 932 9 93.2 666 6 66.6 (WSS 310 3 0 31.0 23 2.3 1855 5 185, 93. 66. 31. 2.

Resumo Analisaram-se indicadores de vigilância da qualidade da água para consumo humano no Amazonas, de 2016 a 2020, utilizando 185.528 amostras provenientes de 11 microrregiões. Das amostras analisadas, 93,20% são da área urbana, 66,65% provinham do sistema público (SAA), 31,02% da Solução Alternativa Coletiva (SAC) e 2,33% da Solução de Alternativa Individual (SAI). Observou-se aumento do número de registros pelo SAA, com tendência de queda e oscilações de registros para a SAC e a SAI. Os indicadores de qualidade dos parâmetros químicos e físicos da área urbana foram superiores aos das áreas rurais e de comunidades tradicionais. A maior parte das amostras apresentou valores de pH abaixo do recomendado. Na quantificação dos parâmetros microbiológicos, identificou-se maior presença de coliformes totais e E.coli na área rural e em comunidades tradicionais. Em conclusão, verificaram-se inadequações nos parâmetros químicos, físicos e microbiológicos, assim como problemas relativos ao abastecimento, armazenamento e à vigilância da água distribuída para consumo humano. Tais achados indicam a necessidade de construir uma agenda, pela gestão pública, para o enfrentamento da insegurança hídrica e seus prováveis efeitos sobre a insegurança alimentar existente na região. Analisaramse Analisaram se Amazonas 201 2020 185528 185 528 185.52 1 microrregiões analisadas 9320 93 20 93,20 6665 66 65 66,65 SAA , (SAA) 3102 31 02 31,02 (SAC 233 2 33 2,33 SAI . (SAI) Observouse Observou tradicionais recomendado microbiológicos identificouse identificou Ecoli E coli conclusão verificaramse verificaram abastecimento agenda pública região 202 18552 18 52 185.5 932 9 93,2 666 6 66,6 (SAA 310 3 0 31,0 23 2,3 (SAI 1855 5 185. 93, 66, 31, 2,

Resumen Este artículo profundiza en el potencial de los sensores IoT de bajo consumo al aprovechar la sinergia de tres tecnologías esenciales: LoRaWAN, técnicas de recolección de energía y supercapacitores, enfatizando el papel fundamental que desempeñan estas tecnologías en el siempre creciente ámbito de IoT y su contribución a soluciones sustentables de bajo consumo de energía. Se presenta el desarrollo e implementación de un sistema diseñado para informar rápidamente sobre problemas en sistemas metropolitanos de baja tensión. Introduce soluciones de hardware rentables que incorporan métodos no convencionales de almacenamiento de energía, como supercapacitores en lugar de baterías tradicionales. La información recopilada se transmite a un centro de operaciones de red a través de una red LoRaWAN de acceso público. Este sistema ofrece una visión integral del estado de las redes eléctricas, lo que permite la identificación de eventos esporádicos y recurrentes, facilitando la formulación de medidas correctivas y preventivas destinadas a mejorar la calidad de la prestación de servicios.

Abstract This article delves into the potential of low-power IoT sensors by harnessing the synergy of three essential technologies: LoRaWAN, energy harvesting techniques, and supercapacitors. It emphasizes the pivotal role these technologies play in the ever-expanding realm of IoT and their contribution to sustainable, low-power solutions.The study presents the development and implementation of a system designed for rapid issue reporting within low-voltage metropolitan systems. It introduces cost-effective hardware solutions that incorporate unconventional energy storage methods, such as supercapacitors instead of traditional batteries. The collected information is transmitted to a network operations center via a publicly accessible LoRaWAN network. This system offers comprehensive insights into the condition of electrical networks, enabling the identification of both sporadic and recurring events. It empowers the formulation of corrective and preventive measures aimed at enhancing the quality of service provision.

Abstract: Corn drying reduces the moisture content present in the grain to levels that allow safe storage. This process requires a large amount of energy, which is why, if not applied correctly, it can affect the quality of the product to be dried, in addition to representing important costs in the operation of the drying plants. The objective of this research is to analyze the corn drying systems used in Canton Quevedo, Province of Los Ríos. In order to achieve the objective, field visits were made to the area under study, considering factors related to the technology used and the corn harvesting period, as well as, characteristics of the coastal region of Ecuador. It was determined that stationary or fixed bed drying is the drying system widely used for corn drying, which uses subsidized liquefied petroleum gas as fuel for its operation. The moisture content of the corn received at the drying plants is above 30% in the two harvesting periods of the product, a situation that has an impact on processing times and product quality. The fuel demand for drying an average mass of product of 60.2 tons, between the first harvest period, March - June, and the second period, September - November, presents a difference of 300.77 kg of LPG in relation to the first harvest, being the moisture content a key factor to take into account.

Resumen: El secado del maíz permite reducir el contenido de humedad presente en el grano a niveles que permitan un almacenamiento seguro. El objetivo de esta investigación permite analizar los sistemas de secado de maíz empleados en el Cantón Quevedo, Provincia de Los Ríos. Para alcanzar nuestro objetivo se realizaron visitas de campo en la zona objeto de estudio, por lo que se consideraron factores relacionados con la tecnología empleada y período de cosecha de maíz, características de la región costera del Ecuador. Se determinó que el secado estacionario o de lecho fijo es el sistema de secado ampliamente empleado para el secado de maíz, el cual emplea como combustible el gas licuado de petróleo subsidiado para su funcionamiento. La humedad de recibo de maíz en las plantas de secado presenta niveles de humedad por encima del 30 %, en los dos periodos de cosecha del producto, situación que repercute en los tiempos de proceso y en la calidad del producto. La demanda de combustible para secar una masa promedio de producto, 60,2 Ton, entre el primer período de cosecha que va de Marzo - Junio, y el segundo período, Septiembre - Noviembre, presenta una diferencia de 300,77 Kg de GLP con relación a la primera cosecha, siendo la humedad de recibo un factor clave a tomar en cuenta.

Abstract This article presents a systematic literature review on the reuse of electric vehicle batteries (EVB) for second-life applications in power systems. The end-oflife of these batteries represents a major environmental problem due to their composition and materials. The study aims to analyze the reuse of EVBs as a sustainable alternative for the environment. Additionally, it seeks to provide complementary services to facilitate the incorporation of intermittent unconventional renewable generation into the electrical grid. Through an exhaustive search of scientific publications indexed in prestigious digital catalogs and their subsequent systematic treatment, a selected group of 49 scientific articles published between 2018 and 2023 have been found in which the different opportunities, benefits and limitations of second-life energy storage systems oriented to boost a circular economy have been identified. The study concludes that, although the reuse of batteries has not yet been fully addressed or implemented due to existing challenges in terms of technology, costs, and regulations, it is of utmost importance to delve deeper into its analysis to improve efficiency and reduce the environmental impacts associated with the manufacturing, use, and disposal of such batteries.

Resumen Este artículo presenta una revisión sistemática de literatura relativa al tópico reutilización de baterías de vehículos eléctricos (BVE) para aplicaciones de segunda vida en sistemas eléctricos de potencia. El fin del ciclo de vida de estas baterías representa un gran problema ambiental debido a su composición y materiales. El estudio tiene por objeto analizar la reutilización de las BVE como una alternativa sostenible para el medioambiente y, además, para brindar servicios complementarios que faciliten la incorporación de generación renovable no convencional de carácter intermitente a la red eléctrica. A través de una búsqueda exhaustiva de publicaciones científicas indexadas en catálogos digitales prestigiosos y de su posterior tratamiento sistemático, se ha llegado a un número selecto de 49 artículos científicos publicados entre 2018 y 2023. En ellos ha sido posible identificar las diferentes oportunidades, beneficios y limitaciones de los sistemas de almacenamiento de energía de segunda vida orientadas a impulsar una economía circular. El estudio concluye que, si bien la reutilización de baterías no está plenamente tratada ni implementada, debido a que aún enfrenta desafíos en términos de tecnología, costos y regulaciones, es de gran importancia profundizar su análisis para mejorar la eficiencia y disminuir los impactos ambientales que provocan su fabricación, uso y desecho.

Abstract Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a fossil fuel widely used in residential, commercial, and industrial applications. LPG systems must be designed and sized under minimum safety standards, which are established in national and international regulations. An LPG system is composed of fuel storage containers, pipelines, valves, meters, consumption equipment, and protection and safety elements. These must be sized and selected to withstand the action of the fuel gas and the working conditions to which they will be subjected. This document presents a review of the most important points to consider in the design and sizing of an LPG system based on the most representative international regulations.

Resumen El gas licuado de petróleo (GLP) es un combustible de origen fósil ampliamente utilizado en aplicaciones residenciales, comerciales e industriales. Los sistemas de GLP deben diseñarse y dimensionarse bajo estándares mínimos de seguridad, los cuales son establecidos en normativas nacionales e internacionales. Un sistema de GLP está conformado por recipientes de almacenamiento del combustible, tuberías, válvulas, medidores, equipos de consumo y elementos de protección y seguridad. Estos deben ser dimensionados y seleccionados para soportar la acción del gas combustible y las condiciones de trabajo a las que serán sometidos. En este documento se presenta una revisión de los puntos más importantes a tener en cuenta en el diseño y dimensionamientos de un sistema de GLP a partir de las normativas más representativas a nivel internacional.

ABSTRACT Brazil has the highest incidence of atmospheric discharges, on average of 77.8 million hitting the country yearly. Companies providing post-harvest services have a high monetary value concentrated in their predominantly metallic structures. Atmospheric discharge protection systems (ADPS) are used in this context to protect the facilities and people, composed of several elements that require visual inspection with a certain periodicity, an activity framed as working at height. This research aimed to establish a methodology for employing a Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) in the visual analysis of the operational condition of external atmospheric discharge protection systems components located in grain storage structures to collect information during the preliminary risk analysis and planning of activities at height. A survey of the current literature related to the subject was carried out, in addition to the norms, inspection agencies, and operational prerequisites of this type of equipment in the national territory. Finally, a method was created and validated based on the inspection checklist with the main points for checking, which generates a score that represents the urgency level of intervention, applied in a unit located in western Paraná, Brazil, on 11/28/2022. This procedure eliminated the risk of workers falling during the planning and inspection stage of the structures, which helped the qualified professional to issue the technical inspection report more quickly. The disadvantage is related to the dependence on favorable weather conditions. discharges 778 77 8 77. yearly postharvest post harvest ADPS (ADPS people periodicity height RPAS (RPAS out norms agencies territory Finally checking intervention Paraná 11282022 11 28 2022 11/28/2022 quickly conditions 7 1128202 1 2 202 11/28/202 112820 20 11/28/20 11282 11/28/2 1128 11/28/ 112 11/28 11/2 11/

RESUMO O Brasil é o país com a maior incidência de descargas atmosféricas, em média 77,8 milhões atingem o país todos os anos. As empresas prestadoras de serviços pós-colheita possuem um elevado valor monetário concentrado em suas estruturas, que predominantemente são metálicas. Os sistemas de proteção contra descargas atmosféricas (SPDA) são utilizados neste contexto para realizar a proteção das instalações e pessoas, os quais são compostos por vários elementos que necessitam de inspeção visual com determinada periodicidade, atividade enquadrada como trabalho em altura. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo estabelecer uma metodologia para o emprego de Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) na análise visual das condições operacionais dos componentes de um sistema de proteção contra descargas atmosféricas externo, localizados em estruturas de armazenamento de grãos para coletar informações durante a análise preliminar de riscos e planejamento das atividades em altura. Realizou-se um levantamento da atual literatura relacionada ao assunto, além das normas, órgãos fiscalizadores e pré-requisitos operacionais deste tipo de equipamento em território nacional. Por fim, foi criado e validado um método com base no checklist de inspeção com os principais pontos para conferência, que gera uma pontuação que representa o nível de urgência de intervenção, aplicado em uma unidade localizada no oeste do Paraná, Brasil, em 28/11/2022. Este procedimento eliminou o risco de queda do trabalhador na etapa de planejamento e inspeção das estruturas, o que auxiliou o profissional habilitado a emitir o laudo técnico de vistoria com maior agilidade. A desvantagem relaciona-se à dependência das condições climáticas favoráveis. 778 77 8 77, anos póscolheita pós colheita metálicas SPDA (SPDA pessoas periodicidade altura RPAS (RPAS externo Realizouse Realizou se assunto normas prérequisitos pré requisitos nacional fim conferência intervenção Paraná 28112022 28 11 2022 28/11/2022 agilidade relacionase relaciona favoráveis 7 2811202 2 1 202 28/11/202 281120 20 28/11/20 28112 28/11/2 2811 28/11/ 281 28/11 28/1 28/

ABSTRACT: The cryopreservation of plant germplasm at ultralow temperatures is an alternative technique for the long-term storage of seeds of the genus Coffea sp. However, for this technique to be successful, cell integrity must be maintained at all stages of the process on the basis of scientific research. The present study investigated validated cryopreservation protocols for Coffea arabica L. seeds and evaluate the effects on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the seeds at each stage of the process. Seeds were dried on silica gel or with saturated saline solution, precooled or not in a biofreezer, immersed in nitrogen, and reheated in a water bath. After each of these steps, the physiological and biochemical quality of the seeds was determined. Pre-cooling is a step that can be dispensed with in the cryopreservation of Coffea arabica seeds, direct immersion in liquid nitrogen being more indicated. Coffea arabica L. seeds tolerate cryopreservation after rapid drying in silica gel up to water contents of 17 or 20% (wb), with greater survival at 17%. The enzyme activities of catalase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase are indicators of the quality of C. arabica L. seeds subjected to cryopreservation. ABSTRACT longterm long term sp However successful research L solution biofreezer bath steps determined Precooling Pre cooling indicated 1 20 wb, wb , (wb) 17% catalase C 2 (wb

RESUMO: A criopreservação de germoplasma vegetal em temperaturas ultrabaixas é uma alternativa para o armazenamento em longo prazo de sementes do gênero Coffea sp. Entretanto, para que essa técnica apresente sucesso, a realização de pesquisas que garantam a manutenção da integridade celular em todas as etapas do processo é de fundamental importância. O objetivo com o presente trabalho foi investigar protocolos de criopreservação validados para sementes de Coffea arabica L., avaliando separadamente, os efeitos sobre as características fisiológicas e bioquímicas das sementes, em cada etapa do processo. As sementes foram secadas em sílica gel ou em solução salina saturada, submetidas ou não ao pré-resfriamento em biocongelador, em seguida imersas no nitrogênio e reaquecidas em banho-maria. Após cada uma dessas etapas, a qualidade fisiológica e bioquímica das sementes foi determinada. O pré-resfriamento é uma etapa que pode ser dispensada na criopreservação de sementes de Coffea arabica, sendo mais indicada a imersão direta em nitrogênio líquido. Sementes de Coffea arabica L. toleram a criopreservação após secagem rápida em sílica gel até teores de água de 17 ou 20% (wb), com maior sobrevivência a 17%. A atividade das enzimas catalase, polifenoloxidase e peroxidase são indicadoras da qualidade de sementes de Coffea arabica L. submetidas à criopreservação. RESUMO sp Entretanto sucesso importância L separadamente saturada préresfriamento pré resfriamento biocongelador banhomaria. banhomaria banho maria. maria banho-maria determinada líquido 1 20 wb, wb , (wb) 17% catalase 2 (wb

Abstract Considering the reduced Brazilian participation in the world production of organic food and its potential in the traditional farming, we used cross-section data (based on organic producers, registered in January/2022) to analyses which local characteristics would explain the number of organic producers in Brazilian’s municipalities. The OLS, Poisson and Negative Binomial estimators, including “zero inflated” and endogeneity corrections (via instruments), were considered. It was found that organic producers would rather be in cities that are near from state capital, which are populous, rich, with a stable climate, slightly rainy, mild temperatures, better education, predominantly rural population, whose rural producers are between 25-55 years old, and which have organic producers in the neighborhood. Furthermore, they prefer places with more rural properties between 5-50 hectares, with their own irrigation, family-labor activity and that usually avoid pesticides. Alternatively, cities with strong agricultural production and high public expenditures in this area, whose properties have their own storage systems and receive more technical assistance, would be neglected. Finally, it was found a substitution relationship between traditional and organic foods and a more favorable environment to this segment in South and Northeast regions, with an indicative of barrier to organic’s entry in the Midwest. farming crosssection cross section based January/2022 January2022 January 2022 Brazilians s municipalities OLS estimators zero inflated via instruments, instruments , instruments) considered capital populous rich climate rainy temperatures education population 2555 25 55 25-5 old neighborhood Furthermore 550 5 50 5-5 hectares irrigation familylabor family labor pesticides Alternatively area assistance neglected Finally regions organics Midwest January/202 January202 202 255 2 25- 5- January/20 January20 20 January/2 January2 January/

Resumo Dada a reduzida participação brasileira na produção mundial de alimentos orgânicos e seu potencial no ramo alimentício, avaliou-se, via dados cross-section (baseados nos produtores orgânicos, cadastrados em janeiro/2022), quais características locais explicariam o número de empreendimentos orgânicos nos municípios brasileiros. Para tanto, consideraram-se os estimadores de MQO, Poisson e Binomial Negativo, inclusive “zero inflated”, com correções (via instrumentos) para variável endógena. Verificou-se que os produtores orgânicos seriam atraídos para os municípios mais próximos à capital estadual, populosos, ricos, de clima estável, levemente chuvosos, de temperatura amena, com melhor educação, população predominantemente rural, cujos produtores rurais têm entre 25-55 anos e que possuem produtores orgânicos na vizinhança. Ademais, eles parecem preferir locais com mais propriedades rurais entre 5-50 hectares, com irrigação própria, mão-de-obra familiar e que evitam agrotóxicos. Alternativamente, cidades com forte produção agropecuária, elevados gastos públicos nesta área e em transportes, cujas propriedades possuem sistemas próprios de armazenagem e recebem mais assistência técnica, seriam preteridos. Por fim, verificou-se que os alimentos convencionais e orgânicos seriam bens substitutos, que as regiões Sul e Nordeste são mais propícias a este ramo e que o Centro-Oeste quase não possui cidades promissoras, sugerindo que os produtores (convencionais) locais impõem barreiras à entrada de orgânicos. alimentício avaliouse, avaliouse avaliou se, se avaliou-se crosssection cross section baseados janeiro/2022, janeiro2022 janeiro janeiro/2022 , 2022 janeiro/2022) brasileiros tanto consideraramse consideraram MQO Negativo zero inflated, inflated inflated” instrumentos endógena Verificouse Verificou estadual populosos ricos estável chuvosos amena educação rural 2555 25 55 25-5 vizinhança Ademais 550 5 50 5-5 hectares própria mãodeobra mão obra agrotóxicos Alternativamente agropecuária transportes técnica preteridos fim verificouse verificou substitutos CentroOeste Centro Oeste promissoras (convencionais janeiro202 janeiro/202 202 255 2 25- 5- janeiro20 janeiro/20 20 janeiro2 janeiro/2 janeiro/

Abstract The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation the diet of pigs with grape pomace preserved in silage form (GPS) and its interaction with indoor and outdoor production systems, with and without access to vegetation, on the attributes of meat quality produced. Analyzes of proximal composition, cholesterol content, fatty acid profile, shear force, texture profile and sensory analysis were performed. During cold storage, oxidative stability and objective color were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed in a 3x2 factorial design (production systems (S) x GPS-feed (F)) and the interaction between them (S*F). The results showed that there was no interaction between the production system and GPS feeding for the attributes evaluated. The proximate composition and fatty acid profile of the muscle remained unchanged. Additionally, it provides higher subjective and objective tenderness, higher red color intensity, and reduces lipid oxidation under refrigeration. The supplementation of pig feed with GPS improve the quality of the meat and constitute a sustainable alternative for the winemaking residue. (GPS vegetation produced content force storage analyzed 3x S (S GPSfeed F (F) S*F. SF S*F . (S*F) evaluated unchanged Additionally tenderness intensity refrigeration residue (F (S*F

Abstract Objective This study aimed to analyze the longitudinal bond strength of a universal adhesive and chemically characterize the dentin substrate under different acid etching protocols. Methodology Dentin samples were etched with polyacrylic acid 25% (PAA) for 10 seconds (n=3) and phosphoric acid 32% (PA) for 15 seconds (n=3) and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy – attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) before and after treatment. For collagen degradation, samples (n=12) were divided into 3 groups: PAA, PA, and Deionized water (control), and analyzed by the quantity of solubilized type I collagen C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides and solubilized C-terminal peptide in relation to total protein concentration (ICTPtp and CTXtp) and by their ultimate tensile strength (UTS). For the adhesive interface analysis, dentin samples (n=72) were divided into 3 groups: PAA, PA, and Self-etch (SE), and subdivided into 2 groups: 24 h (baseline) and 1 year. The following tests were performed: microtensile bond strength (μTBS) (n=48), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (n=12), and nanoleakage (n=12). Results The FTIR of PAA showed lower reduction of the peaks in the phosphate group when compared to PA. For ICTPtp, PA showed a significantly higher value. For CTXtp, PA and PAA groups failed to statically differ from each other. UTS was significantly lower for PA. For μTBS, storage time significantly affected bond strength. The results were unaffected by the etching protocol. For SEM, after 1 year, PA had little evidence of degradation in the upper third of the adhesive interface in comparison to the other groups. Nanoleakage showed no considerable silver impregnation after 1 year in the SE group. Conclusion The use of PAA prior to a universal adhesive (when compared to PA) represents a less aggressive type of etching to dentin. However, self-etching still seems to be the best option for universal adhesive systems that have functional monomers in their composition. protocols 25 (PAA n=3 n3 n (n=3 32 (PA FTIRATR ATR (FTIR-ATR treatment n=12 n12 12 (n=12 control, control , (control) Cterminal C terminal crosslinked cross linked ICTPtp CTXtp UTS. . (UTS) analysis n=72 n72 72 (n=72 Selfetch Self etch SE, (SE) baseline (baseline performed μTBS (μTBS n=48, n48 n=48 48 (n=48) SEM (SEM n=12, n=12. value protocol However selfetching self composition n= (n= n=1 n1 (n=1 (control (UTS n=7 n7 7 (n=7 (SE n4 n=4 4 (n=48 (n (n=4

ABSTRACT Carbon flows into and out of the soil are important processes that contribute to controlling the global climate. The relationship between soil organisms and the climate is interdependent since the organisms that contribute to carbon and greenhouse gas fluxes are simultaneously affected by climate change and soil management. Temperature, soil moisture, pH, nutrient level, redox potential and organic matter quality are key elements affecting the microorganisms involved in organic carbon flows in the soil. Climate, topography (slope and position in the landscape), soil texture, soil mineralogy and land-use regulate those key elements and, thus, the C fluxes in the pedosphere. Soil microbes can increase carbon influx and storage by promoting plant growth, mycorrhizal establishment, and particle aggregation. Conversely, microorganisms contribute to carbon efflux from the soil via methanogenesis, rhizospheric activity, and organic carbon mineralization. Nevertheless, strategies and management practices could be used to balance out carbon emissions to the atmosphere. For example, carbon influx and storage in the soil can be stimulated by plant growth promoting microorganisms, greater plant diversity via crop rotation and cover crops, cultivating mycotrophic plants, avoiding or reducing the use of fungicides and adopting organic farming, no-tillage crop systems and conservative soil management strategies. Therefore, this review aimed to shed light on how soil microorganisms can contribute to increase C influxes to the soil, and its significance for climate change. Then, we also seek to gather the practical actions proposed in the scientific literature to improve carbon sequestration and storage in the soil. In summary, the review provides a comprehensive basis on soil microorganisms as key to carbon fluxes and helpers to lessen climate change by increasing carbon fixation and storage in agroecosystems via stimulation or application of beneficial microorganisms. Temperature moisture pH level Climate slope landscape, landscape , landscape) texture landuse land thus pedosphere establishment aggregation Conversely methanogenesis activity mineralization Nevertheless atmosphere example crops plants farming notillage no tillage Therefore Then summary

Abstract In many urban buildings, there is the presence of gas central storage, which contain pressurized tanks. One of the main risks in these places is an explosion, which may or may not is followed by fire. In general, the shock wave formed by this phenomenon is disastrous and can cause material damage and even fatalities. Recent research has contributed to understanding protective systems against this phenomenon; however, it is necessary to advance in developing protection devices for gas central storage. From this perspective, the implementation plan of these devices in order to mitigate the harmful effects of explosions are essential to raise the safety level in construction. Physical protection barriers are appropriate solutions for the protection of buildings, especially in places where it is impossible to bury gas reservoirs. In addition to the potential to reduce back pressure levels, protective walls, when properly designed, can also prevent the spread of debris from the explosion. Another kind of barrier that influences the propagation of the shock wave close to the ground is the ditches, whose function is related to the absorption and redirection of wave energy. Understanding the positioning, geometry, and overpressure attenuation potential of physical barriers are essential in developing safer and more reliable projects. This article aims to study protective barriers in buildings with pressurized gas tanks. The study was developed numerically using the Autodyn software. This program is a tool based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The protective capacity of the proposed types of protection regarding the mitigation of incident overpressures was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. storage tanks explosion fire general fatalities however perspective construction reservoirs levels walls designed ditches energy positioning geometry projects software CFD. CFD . (CFD) quantitatively (CFD

Resumo Em muitas edificações urbanas há a presença de centrais de gás, as quais contém tanques pressurizados. Nesses locais, um dos principais riscos existentes é a explosão, que pode ser seguida ou não de incêndio. Em geral, a onda de choque formada por este tipo de fenômeno é desastrosa e pode ocasionar diversos danos materiais e até mesmo fatalidades. Pesquisas recentes têm contribuído para o entendimento dos sistemas protetivos contra este fenômeno, entretanto, é necessário avançar no desenvolvimento de dispositivos de proteção quanto as centrais de gás. Nessa perspectiva, a implementação destes para mitigação dos efeitos danosos das explosões é imprescindível para elevar o patamar de segurança nas construções. As barreiras físicas de proteção são soluções apropriadas para proteção de edificações, principalmente em locais onde há a impossibilidade de enterrar os reservatórios de gás. Além do potencial em reduzir os níveis de sobrepressão na parte posterior, os muros de proteção, quando corretamente projetados, também são capazes de impedir a propagação dos detritos oriundos da explosão. Outro tipo de barreira que influencia na propagação da onda de choque próxima ao solo são as valetas, cuja função está relacionada à absorção e redirecionamento da energia da onda. A compreensão sobre o posicionamento, geometria e potencial de atenuação de sobrepressões das barreiras físicas é indispensável no desenvolvimento de projetos mais seguros e confiáveis. Este artigo objetiva o estudo de barreiras protetivas em edificações com tanques de gás pressurizados. O estudo foi desenvolvido numericamente por meio do software Autodyn. Este programa é uma ferramenta baseada na dinâmica dos fluidos computacional (CFD). Avaliou-se qualitativamente e quantitativamente a capacidade protetiva dos tipos de proteção propostos quanto à mitigação das sobrepressões incidentes. pressurizados explosão incêndio geral fatalidades entretanto perspectiva construções posterior projetados valetas posicionamento confiáveis Autodyn CFD. CFD . (CFD) Avaliouse Avaliou se incidentes (CFD

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective was to analyze the implementation and use of the electronic patient record in the health services of the Brazilian Air Force. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 234 physicians, between March and May 2021. The data collection instrument was sent by email. The electronic patient record was implemented in the Air Force approximately 3 years ago (64.5%), and about 81% of the physicians received training to operate it. RESULTS: The most common records involve data related to consultations (90.1%) and interviews with physical examination (67.1%). Physicians cited that information storage (75.6%), agility, and feasibility of recording (55.1%) were the main advantages of the electronic patient record. As disadvantages, problems in electronic equipment (69.7%) and system errors (65%) were reported. Most participants considered that the implementation had a positive impact on work dynamics (75.6%) and productivity (66.7%), mainly regarding the components "Work processes" (57.3%) and "Amount of carried out activities" (21.4%). Keeping records was significantly associated with the job position (p<0.001), type of unit (p=0.008), time of implementation (p<0.001), and participation in training (p=0.028). CONCLUSION: The implementation of the electronic patient record in the Air Force was recently done, and just over half of the physicians were trained prior to the implementation. The tool is considered compatible with work processes and has a positive effect on productivity. OBJECTIVE METHODS crosssectional cross sectional 23 2021 email 64.5%, 645 64.5% , 64 5 (64.5%) 81 it RESULTS 90.1% 901 90 1 (90.1% 67.1%. 671 67.1% . 67 (67.1%) 75.6%, 756 75.6% 75 6 agility 55.1% 551 55 (55.1% disadvantages 69.7% 697 69 7 (69.7% 65% 65 (65% reported (75.6% 66.7%, 667 66.7% 66 (66.7%) Work 57.3% 573 57 (57.3% Amount activities 21.4%. 214 21.4% 21 4 (21.4%) p<0.001, p0001 p p<0.001 0 001 (p<0.001) p=0.008, p0008 p=0.008 008 (p=0.008) p=0.028. p0028 p=0.028 028 (p=0.028) CONCLUSION done 2 202 64.5 (64.5% 8 90.1 9 (90.1 67.1 (67.1% 75.6 55.1 (55.1 69.7 (69.7 (65 (75.6 66.7 (66.7% 57.3 (57.3 21.4 (21.4% p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.001 p=0.00 (p=0.008 p002 p=0.02 02 (p=0.028 20 64. (64.5 90. (90. 67. (67.1 75. 55. (55. 69. (69. (6 (75. 66. (66.7 57. (57. 21. (21.4 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 (p=0.02 (64. (90 (67. (55 (69 ( (75 (66. (57 (21. p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p=0. (p=0.0 (64 (9 (67 (5 (7 (66 (21 p<0 (p<0. p=0 (p=0. (2 p< (p<0 p= (p=0 (p< (p= (p