ABSTRACT: Argentine actor Ricardo Darín is the one who attracts the largest audiences in each of the films he stars in. He occupies a very important symbolic place within the national star system, and even in the country’s public arena. In this article, I go back to his television career to explain how, in his long career, there were two key products that helped to consolidate his persona, and at the same time allowed him to turn it around: the sitcom Mi cuñado (Carlos Berterreix, 1993-1996) and the feature film Nueve reinas (Fabián Bielinsky, 1999). I propose that his star text was shaped by the tension between the stereotype of the chanta (the rogue) -of long tradition and popularity in Argentine arts- and the measured middle-class young man. The qualitative leap between the two occurred between the peak of his television popularity and his consolidation as a film star of international scope.

RESUMEN: Ricardo Darín es el actor argentino que consigue mayor convocatoria de público en cada una de las películas que protagoniza. Ocupa un lugar simbólico muy importante dentro del sistema de estrellas del cine nacional, e incluso en la arena pública del país. En este artículo me remonto a su carrera televisiva para explicar cómo, en su extensa trayectoria, hubo dos productos clave que colaboraron en la consolidación de su imagen, a la vez que permitieron virarlo: la telecomedia Mi cuñado (Carlos Berterreix, 1993-1996) y el largometraje Nueve reinas (Fabián Bielinsky, 1999). Propongo que su texto estrella se conformó en la tensión entre el estereotipo del chanta (el pícaro) -de larga tradición y popularidad en las artes argentinas-, y el joven mesurado de clase media. El salto cualitativo entre uno y otro se produjo entre el summum de su popularidad televisiva y su consolidación como una estrella cinematográfica de alcance internacional.

Abstract Considering the cultural context of Vietnamese society, this article explores the influence of mental barriers regarding the traditional role of women and its impact on their possibilities to participate in scientific activities. Vietnam is a country that has promoted scientific and technological activities and the strengthening of a national innovation system as a critical element on its path to development. These actions have made it possible to shore up economic growth that began with opening up and economic reform. In this way, Vietnam has achieved some critical achievements in the economic and social fields. However, reducing the gender gap in scientific activities is still a vital challenge, although the government has taken significant measures to overcome it. The article analyzes the relationship between women in science in Vietnam and the gender stereotype based on data collected through reports of international organizations, news reports, and other relevant data. The principal argument is that this situation results from the mental barriers of Vietnamese society that present strong stereotypes regarding the role of women. Therefore, to advance gender equality, changing the mental stereotypes still present in Vietnamese culture is necessary.

Resumen En este artículo se explora la influencia de las barreras mentales respecto al papel tradicional de las mujeres y su impacto en sus posibilidades de participar en actividades científicas, considerando el contexto cultural de la sociedad vietnamita. Vietnam es un país que ha impulsado las actividades científicas y tecnológicas y el fortalecimiento de un sistema nacional de innovación como elemento crítico en su camino hacia el desarrollo. Estas acciones han permitido apuntalar el crecimiento económico que comenzó con el proceso de reforma y apertura económica. De esta manera, Vietnam ha obtenido algunos logros significativos en los aspectos económicos y sociales. Sin embargo, reducir la brecha de género en las actividades científicas sigue siendo un desafío vital, aunque el Gobierno ha tomado medidas importantes para superarlo. En el artículo se analiza la relación entre las mujeres en la ciencia en Vietnam y el estereotipo de género a partir de datos recopilados a través de informes de organizaciones internacionales, reportajes noticiosos y otros documentos relevantes. El argumento principal es que la brecha de género en las actividades científicas es resultado de las barreras mentales de la sociedad vietnamita, que presentan fuertes estereotipos sobre el papel de la mujer. Por lo tanto, para avanzar en la igualdad de género es necesario cambiar los estereotipos mentales aún presentes en la cultura vietnamita.

RESUMEN En relación a las políticas de género, la Constitución Nacional del año 1992 en Paraguay, manda garantizar la igualdad de derechos y la no discriminación, estableciendo explícitamente la igualdad de las personas, la igualdad de derecho entre mujeres y hombres y la no discriminación, disponiendo que el Estado debe promover las condiciones y crear los mecanismos adecuados. La Universidad del Cono Sur de las Américas (UCSA), es parte del Pacto Global por el Desarrollo Sostenible en el Paraguay, y trabaja en forma activa en formar a estudiantes en ODS para que constituyan una masa crítica consciente de la importancia de trabajar de manera socialmente responsable en pos del desarrollo sostenible, por dicho motivo se llevó a cabo este estudio para determinar la percepción de los estudiantes y docentes de UCSA sobre la igualdad de género y la discriminación en Paraguay en el año 2022. En el análisis de los resultados del estudio, de los 116 participantes, el 55,3% fueron del sexo femenino; con edades comprendidas entre 17 y 65 años; el 81% estaba trabajando. En las respuestas del tipo de trabajo, el 76,4% correspondía al área privada, y de estos el 36,8% de origen familiar. Los resultados asociados al estereotipo femenino observados en el presente estudio son: persona sensible, débil, intuitiva, dependiente, adaptable, fuerte, expresiva, frágil, con autocontrol y complaciente. Los estereotipos de género con mayor puntaje referidos a los hombres observados en el presente estudio son: las que consideran a las personas como proveedora, dominante, independiente, frívola e intrépida. Sin embargo, los estereotipos de género masculino tradicionales, como persona fuerte, con autocontrol, inteligente y racional, se han encontrado referidos a las mujeres en el presente estudio. A fin de superar la desigualdad y la discriminación entre hombres y mujeres, que persisten hasta hoy día, a pesar de lo estampado en la misma Constitución Nacional, en Leyes, Congresos Nacionales e Internacionales. Es necesario realizar estudios referidos al tema, en los distintos niveles de la educación y establecer programas educativos, solo la educación podrá revertir en menor tiempo esta problemática, y no esperar 50 años para que se produzcan cambios, como lo profetizan algunos estudiosos, logrando cambios en el desarrollo social y económico del país en el menor tiempo posible.

ABSTRACT In relation to gender policies, the National Constitution of 1992 in Paraguay mandates to guarantee equal rights and non-discrimination, explicitly establishing the equality of people, equal rights between women and men and non-discrimination, providing that the State must promote the conditions and create the appropriate mechanisms. The University of the Southern Cone of the Americas (UCSA), is part of the Global Compact for Sustainable Development in Paraguay, and actively works to train students in SDGs so that they constitute a critical mass aware of the importance of working in a socially responsible manner towards sustainable development, for this reason this study was carried out to determine the perception of UCSA students and teachers on gender equality and discrimination in Paraguay in 2022. In the analysis of the results of the study, of the 116 participants, 55.3% were female; between the ages of 17 and 65; 81% were working. In the responses to the type of work, 76.4% corresponded to the private sector, and of these 36.8% were of family origin. The results associated with the female stereotype observed in the present study are: sensitive, weak, intuitive, dependent, adaptable, strong, expressive, fragile, with self-control and accommodating. The gender stereotypes with the highest scores referring to men observed in the present study are: those that consider people as providers, dominant, independent, frivolous and fearless. However, traditional male gender stereotypes, such as strong, self-controlled, intelligent and rational person, have been found referring to women in the present study. In order to overcome inequality and discrimination between men and women, which persist to this day, despite what is stated in the National Constitution itself, in Laws, National and International Congresses. It is necessary to carry out studies on the subject at the different levels of education and establish educational programs. Only education will be able to reverse this problem in less time, and not wait 50 years for changes to occur, as some scholars prophesy, achieving changes. in the social and economic development of the country in the shortest possible time.

Abstract This article includes the three phases of a gender-perspective research, whose objective was to identify the factors that promote and inhibit the entry and permanence of female students in the area of engineering at the University of Costa Rica. The study was framed in a mixed qualitative-quantitative design. In the first phase, of qualitative methodology, carried out from 2019 to 2020, individual and group interviews were conducted with students. In the second phase, of quantitative methodology, a survey was applied to female students, to identify the incidence of factors in the decision to enroll and remain in the career. Some of the main findings were the importance of skills in Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics in the choice, the UCR ranking and career statistics, as well as the effect of stereotypes in the potential of women in engineering. Regarding permanence, it is concluded that 47% of the women were affected by the macho environment and 21% by situations of sexual harassment. An interesting result was a high valuation of academic efficacy, self-concept and leadership among female students and how this helps them to continue with their studies. This information allowed the elaboration of a proposal to raise awareness among teachers about the factors that inhibit the choice and permanence of female students in in the field of Engineering to be put into practice in the Faculty.

Resumen Este artículo incluye las tres fases de una investigación desde la perspectiva de género, cuyo objetivo fue identificar los factores que favorecen y obstaculizan el ingreso y la permanencia de estudiantes mujeres en el área de las ingenierías de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR). El estudio se enmarcó en un diseño mixto, cualitativo-cuantitativo. En la primera fase, de metodología cualitativa, llevada a cabo de 2019 a 2020, se realizaron entrevistas individuales y grupales con las estudiantes. En la segunda fase, de metodología cuantitativa, se les aplicó una encuesta a estudiantes mujeres para identificar la incidencia de los factores en la decisión de ingresar y permanecer en la carrera. Entre los principales hallazgos destacan la importancia de las habilidades en Matemáticas, Química y Física en la elección, el ranking de la UCR y las estadísticas de las carreras, así como el efecto de estereotipos acerca del potencial de las mujeres en ingeniería. En cuanto a la permanencia, se concluye que al 47 % de las jóvenes les afecta el ambiente machista y a un 21 % las situaciones de hostigamiento sexual. Un resultado interesante fue una alta valoración de eficacia académica, de autoconcepto y de liderazgo entre las estudiantes, y cómo esto les ayuda a seguir con sus estudios. Esta información permitió elaborar una propuesta de concienciación a personas docentes sobre los factores que dificultan la elección y la permanencia de las estudiantes mujeres en el área de Ingeniería para ponerla en práctica en la Facultad.

Abstract The stereotype of the scientist is based on a Eurocentric perspective, inferiorizes and makes women invisible, especially Black women, reinforcing gender and racial inequalities. The lack of representation discourages students from these groups from pursuing scientific ca-reers, and likewise, the sexual division of labor is a crucial factor in the exclusion and overburdening of Black women, affecting their pro-fessional choices and family lives. The research is grounded in the narratives of Black female students in the Physics Teaching degree program at a Brazilian federal institute, aiming to identify the discriminations they face in their formative journeys. The methodology fol-lows a qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews as the data collection instrument. The narratives reveal the persistence of gender and racial discriminations in the Exact Sciences, especially against Black women. There is a need for actions to reduce such discrim-inations and provide inclusive education, free from any stereotypes or segregation.

Resumo O estereótipo do/a cientista, baseado em uma perspectiva eurocêntrica, inferioriza e invisibiliza as mulheres, especialmente mulheres negras, reforçando desigualdades de gênero e raça. A falta de representatividade desencoraja estudantes desses grupos a seguir carreiras científicas e, de igual modo, a divisão sexual do trabalho é um fator crucial de exclusão e sobrecarrega de mulheres negras, afetando suas escolhas profissionais e suas vidas familiares. A pesquisa se ancora nas narrativas de estudantes negras de Licenciatura em Física de um instituto federal brasileiro, buscando identificar discriminações enfrentadas ao longo de seus percursos formativos. A metodologia segue uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como instrumento de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada. As narrativas revelam a persistên-cia de discriminações de gênero e raciais nas Ciências Exatas, especialmente contra mulheres negras. Vemos a necessidade de ações para reduzir tais discriminações e proporcionar uma educação inclusiva, longe de quaisquer estereótipos e segregação.

Abstract This text investigates how certain exceptional actions carried out by women in the military sphere during the conquest of America in the 16th century were documented, interpreted, and narrated by witnesses and chroniclers. These accounts were influenced by gender archetypes and stereotypes shaped and influenced by the prevailing social, religious, moral, and cultural conventions of that period. The article analyzes some paradigmatic cases from the early Peruvian viceroyalty. This analysis is conducted from a gender perspective that enables the examination of aspects such as female models transferred to the New World and the consideration of the actions of some women in frontier territories, where various factors allowed for, and even demanded, roles far removed from the norms of Early Modern society.

Resumen El texto indaga por la manera en que determinadas actuaciones excepcionales llevadas a cabo por mujeres en el ámbito militar, durante la conquista de América en el siglo XVI fueron recogidas, interpretadas y relatadas, tanto por testigos de las mismas como por los cronistas, en función de los arquetipos y estereotipos de género estructurados/configurados/conformados a partir de convenciones sociales, religiosas, morales o culturales, entre otras, vigentes en ese periodo. Para ello se analizarán algunos casos paradigmáticos del más temprano virreinato peruano. Todo ello se hará desde una perspectiva de género que posibilite analizar aspectos como los modelos femeninos trasladados al Nuevo Mundo, así como la consideración hacia la actuación de algunas mujeres en los territorios de frontera, donde diversos factores posibilitaron e, incluso, demandaron roles muy alejados de los normativos en la sociedad de la Edad Moderna1.

Résumé Le texte enquête sur la manière dont certaines actions exceptionnelles menées par les femmes dans le domaine militaire, lors de la conquête de l'Amérique au XVIe siècle, ont été recueillies, interprétées et rapportées, tant par les témoins que par les chroniqueurs. stéréotypes de genre structurés/ configurés/formés sur la base de conventions sociales, religieuses, morales ou culturelles, entre autres, en vigueur à cette époque. Pour ce faire, nous analyserons quelques cas paradigmatiques de la première vice-royauté péruvienne. Tout cela se fera dans une perspective de genre qui permet d'analyser des aspects tels que les modèles féminins transférés au Nouveau Monde, ainsi que la considération envers les actions de certaines femmes dans les territoires frontaliers, où divers facteurs ont permis et même exigé des rôles très éloignés des rôles normatifs dans la société de l'ère moderne.

Abstract Mudanza (2010) is the first book by Verónica Gerber (1981), a book where the author narrates the migration that five artists made from literature to art. In this book we can find a kind of program of the ways in which the author has thought about the transfers between writing and visuality throughout all her work. In Mudanza, the texts open a zone of interval, of indetermination, a kind of no man’s land in the heart of the word and the image, as if the writers turned artists sacrificed the results of that moving-out in order to explore everything that happens in that change of location. Gerber writes with that same ambiguity, composing texts halfway between literature, essay, autobiography, and visual writing. This article investigates the question of what happens when images and words leave themselves, outlining what we could call a figural writing that makes the interval the place of a potency that works against the stereotype and the univocal meaning.

Resumen Mudanza (2010) es el primer libro de Verónica Gerber (1981), un libro donde la autora narra la migración que cinco artistas realizaron desde la literatura al arte. En este libro podemos encontrar una suerte de programa de los modos en que la autora ha pensado los traslados entre escritura y visualidad a lo largo de todo su trabajo. En Mudanza, los textos abren una zona de intervalo, de indeterminación, una suerte de tierra de nadie en el corazón de la palabra y de la imagen, como si las y los escritores devenidos artistas sacrificaran los resultados de esa mudanza para poder explorar todo lo que acontece en ese traslado. Con esa misma ambigüedad escribe Gerber, componiendo textos a medio camino entre la literatura, el ensayo, la autobiografía, la escritura visual. Este artículo indaga en la pregunta por aquello que acontece cuando las imágenes y las palabras salen de sí mismas, perfilando lo que podríamos llamar una escritura figural que hace del intervalo el lugar de una potencia que trabaja en contra del estereotipo y el sentido unívoco.

Abstract This work analyzes the gender discourses detected among male and female workers in Ecuador that are the foundation of the imaginary on which sexual harassment in the workplace is based. The methodology is based on discourse analysis applied to the testimonies of sixteen discussion groups. It highlights the aggressiveness that men show towards their female coworkers and the condescension with which they justify their sexual harassment. A model of woman emerges, that of the “brave woman”, who shows a fierce character to defend herself from harassment, and which differs from the traditional stereotype of the docile and warm woman. Both men and women understand that the responsibility of setting limits lies with the female workers.

Resumen Este trabajo analiza los discursos de género detectados entre las trabajadoras y trabajadores en Ecuador, que fundamentan el imaginario en el que se sustenta el acoso sexual en el ámbito laboral. La metodología se apoya en el análisis del discurso aplicado a los testimonios de dieciséis grupos de discusión. Destaca la agresividad que los hombres muestran hacia sus compañeras y la condescendencia con la que ellas justifican el acoso sexual de ellos. Emerge un modelo de mujer, el de la “mujer brava”, que muestra un carácter arisco para defenderse del acoso, y que se diferencia del estereotipo tradicional de la mujer dócil y cálida. Conciben, tanto ellas como ellos, que la responsabilidad de poner límites es de las trabajadoras.

Resumo Este trabalho analisa os discursos de género detectados entre trabalhadores e trabalhadoras no Equador, que fundamentam o imaginário em que se baseia o assédio sexual no local de trabalho. A metodologia baseia-se na análise do discurso aplicada aos testemunhos de dezasseis grupos de discussão. Destaca a agressividade que os homens demonstram para com as suas colegas e a condescendência com que elas justificam o assédio sexual deles. Surge um modelo de mulher, o da “mulher brava”, que evidencia um caráter agreste para se defender do assédio, e que difere do estereótipo tradicional da mulher dócil e calorosa. Tanto homem como mulheres compreendem que a responsabilidade de estabelecer limites cabe às trabalhadoras.

The presence of immigrants in South Africa has led citizens to believe that migrants are responsible for increased crime rates in the country. This belief is a harmful stereotype that has no basis in reality, as most of the crimes are not committed by the migrants. This study explores the impact of socio-economic factors on crime rates by international migrants in South Africa from 2012 to 2017. Specifically, it focuses on examining the likelihood and association between two key variables: migrants with no formal education and crime, and unemployed migrants and crime. Through chi-square tests and multinomial regression, the study investigated whether these socioeconomic factors drove criminal behavior among the international migrant population. This study obtained data from secondary sources. The study's findings revealed that unemployment has an impact on migrants and crime rates in South Africa. The relationship showed a weak association, attributed to insufficient supporting evidence due to the low statistical power of educational status. The relationship proved to not have a strong association, lacking supporting evidence due to low statistical power on educational status. The level of education among migrants did not play a substantial role in influencing criminal behavior within the South African context. Other factors, such as social networks, cultural integration, and individual characteristics, might have a more prominent influence on criminal activities among migrants. However, addressing unemployment issues among international migrants in South Africa to mitigate the risk of criminal involvement is crucial. Policymakers and stakeholders should focus on developing effective strategies to promote employment opportunities, skills development, and social integration among migrant communities. By addressing these socio-economic factors, it may be possible to reduce crime rates and create a more inclusive society for both migrants and the host population in South Africa.

Resumen: El estigma público del suicidio es una barrera potencial para su prevención, un obstáculo para la búsqueda de apoyo profesional y perjudica el bienestar psicológico y físico de las personas afectadas. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la asociación y centralidad del estigma público del suicidio en adultos peruanos de población general. Participaron 1013 adultos (55.6 % mujeres) que respondieron un cuestionario de estigma del suicidio. Se estimó un modelo de red gaussiano para examinar sus propiedades globales, locales y comparación de estructuras según sexo. Los resultados demostraron asociaciones más fuertes entre nobles y dedicadas (r = .57), aisladas y solitarias (r = .47), inmorales y una vergüenza (r = .41). Los nodos centrales y de predictibilidad fueron inmorales, vengativos, vergüenza, perdidos e irresponsables. Además, tanto para las mujeres y hombres, el nodo central fue inmorales, aunque las mujeres describieron como vengativos y una vergüenza, mientras que los hombres como solitarios y cobardes. En conclusión, se evidenció actitudes estigmatizantes hacia las personas que mueren por suicidio, en donde las mujeres y hombres presentan una percepción diferente. Los programas de alfabetización sobre el suicidio pueden reducir el estigma público en la población general.

Abstract: The public stigma of suicide is a potential barrier to suicide prevention, an obstacle to seeking professional support, and impairs the psychological and physical well-being of affected individuals. The aim of the study was to analyze the association and centrality of public stigma of suicide in Peruvian adults from the general population. A total of 1013 adults (55.6 % women) responded to a suicide stigma questionnaire. A Gaussian network model was estimated, examining its global and local properties and comparing structures according to sex. The results showed stronger associations between noble and dedicated (r = .57), isolated and lonely (r = .47), immoral and an embarrassment (r = .41). The most central nodes and predictability were immoral, vindictive, a shame, lost, and irresponsible. In addition, for both women and men, the central node was immoral, although women described as vindictive and shameful, while men described as lonely and cowardly. In conclusion, there was evidence of stigmatizing attitudes towards people who die by suicide, with women and men presenting different perceptions. Suicide literacy programs can reduce public stigma in the general population.

Resumo: O estigma público do suicídio é uma barreira potencial para a prevenção do suicídio, um obstáculo para a busca de apoio profissional, e prejudica o bem-estar psicológico e físico das pessoas afetadas. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a associação e a centralidade do estigma público do suicídio em adultos peruanos da população em geral. Um total de 1.013 adultos (55,6% de mulheres) responderam a um questionário de estigma de suicídio. Foi estimado um modelo de rede gaussiana, examinando suas propriedades globais e locais e comparando estruturas segundo o sexo. Os resultados mostraram associações mais fortes entre nobres e dedicados (r = .57), isolados e solitários (r = .47), imorais e uma vergonha (r = .41). Os nós mais centrais e previsíveis foram imorais, vingativos, uma vergonha, perdidos e irresponsáveis. Além disso, tanto para as mulheres quanto para os homens, o nó central foi imorais, embora as mulheres hajam descrito como vingativos e uma vergonha, enquanto os homens como solitários e covardes. Em conclusão, são evidenciadas atitu des estigmatizantes em relação às pessoas que morrem por suicídio, com mulheres e homens tendo percepções diferentes. Os programas de alfabetização sobre o suicídio podem reduzir o estigma público na população em geral.

Abstract This article stems from interviews conducted with Chinese women residing in Lisbon, aged 18-34, during the initial phase of fieldwork (2021/2022). As an outcome of my Anthropology Ph.D. project, the focus here is on comprehending the perception of Asian women within the realm of everyday life as fetishized entities and how they persist in (re)shaping their identities. By primarily examining visual “yellow fever” depictions (in Hollywood cinema through films like “The World of Suzie Wong”, “Madame Butterfly”, “Miss Saigon”, and the “Year of the Dragon”, along with interracial Pornography), I endeavor to delve into the impact of “race”, “sexual fetishization”, and the ubiquitous propagation of stereotypical imagery on the lives of the individuals I engage with.

Resumo Este artigo provém das entrevistas realizadas com mulheres Chinesas residentes em Lisboa, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 34 anos, no decorrer da primeira fase do trabalho de campo (2021/2022). Resultante do meu projeto de Doutoramento em Antropologia aqui busco compreender como mulheres asiáticas são observadas na experiência do quotidiano enquanto organismos fetichizados e como seguem (re)construindo as suas identidades. Percorrendo essencialmente representações visuais da “yellow fever” (o cinema de Hollywood em filmes como “O Mundo de Suzie Wong”, “Madame Butterfly”, “Miss Saigon” e “Year of the Dragon” e a pornografia inter-racial) procuro explorar como a “raça”, a “fetichização sexual” e as imagens estereotipadas exaustivamente disseminadas, afetam a vida das minhas interlocutoras.

Resumo Este artigo provém das entrevistas realizadas com mulheres Chinesas residentes em Lisboa, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 34 anos, no decorrer da primeira fase do trabalho de campo (2021/2022). Resultante do meu projeto de Doutoramento em Antropologia aqui busco compreender como mulheres asiáticas são observadas na experiência do quotidiano enquanto organismos fetichizados e como seguem (re)construindo as suas identidades. Percorrendo essencialmente representações visuais da “yellow fever” (o cinema de Hollywood em filmes como “O Mundo de Suzie Wong”, “Madame Butterfly”, “Miss Saigon” e “Year of the Dragon” e a pornografia inter-racial) procuro explorar como a “raça”, a “fetichização sexual” e as imagens estereotipadas exaustivamente disseminadas, afetam a vida das minhas interlocutoras.

Abstract This article stems from interviews conducted with Chinese women residing in Lisbon, aged 18-34, during the initial phase of fieldwork (2021/2022). As an outcome of my Anthropology Ph.D. project, the focus here is on comprehending the perception of Asian women within the realm of everyday life as fetishized entities and how they persist in (re)shaping their identities. By primarily examining visual “yellow fever” depictions (in Hollywood cinema through films like “The World of Suzie Wong”, “Madame Butterfly”, “Miss Saigon”, and the “Year of the Dragon”, along with interracial Pornography), I endeavor to delve into the impact of “race”, “sexual fetishization”, and the ubiquitous propagation of stereotypical imagery on the lives of the individuals I engage with.

Resumo Salvar o fogo, de Itamar Vieira Junior (2023), é uma narrativa que prima pela pobreza extrema, desembocando na exclusão, e não prenuncia salvação. Ambientada no nordeste brasileiro, recupera o estereótipo de nordestino como sinônimo de pobreza, bem como a desigualdade social que assola o país desde os tempos da colonização. Remete aos desmandos da Igreja Católica, que, por meio da religiosidade, não somente manipula, como também explora a população desvalida. A narrativa passa-se na contemporaneidade e, por isso, corrobora a afirmativa de Aníbal Quijano (2014) de que o colonialismo deixou rastros por onde passou, pois, apesar de não mais existir, a colonialidade do poder ainda continua presente, principalmente entre as camadas mais vulneráveis da população. A selvageria do capitalismo com o neoliberalismo corrói a existência dos mais pobres, forçando a migração constante como meio de fugir da miséria. Para além disso, os pressupostos de raça, etnia e gênero também se apresentam, demonstrando a interseccionalidade sempre presente nessas camadas da população. Utilizando esses pressupostos como fios condutores para a análise da narrativa, foi imprescindível recorrer aos estudos de Gayatri Spivak (2010), Aníbal Quijano (2014), María Lugones (2014), Walter D. Mignolo (2017), Isildinha Baptista Nogueira (2021), Patricia Hill Collins e Sirma Bilge (2021), Rita Segato (2021), entre outros.

Abstract Save the fire, by Itamar Vieira Junior (2023), is a narrative that focuses on extreme poverty, leading to exclusion and does not foreshadow salvation. Set in northeastern Brazil, it recovers the stereotype of northeasterners as synonymous with poverty, as well as the social inequality that has plagued the country since colonial times. It refers to the excesses of the Catholic church which, through religiosity, not only manipulates but also exploits the underprivileged population. The narrative takes place in contemporary times and, therefore, corroborates Aníbal Quijano’s (2014) statement that colonialism left traces wherever it went, because, despite no longer existing, the coloniality of power is still present, mainly among the most vulnerable sections of the population. The brutality of capitalism together with neoliberalism corrodes the existence of the poorest, forcing constant migration as a means of escaping poverty. Furthermore, the assumptions of race, ethnicity, and gender also present themselves, demonstrating the intersectionality always present in these layers of the population. Using these assumptions as guiding threads to analyze the narrative, it was essential to resort to the studies of Gayatri Spivak (2010), Aníbal Quijano (2014), María Lugones (2014), Walter D. Mignolo (2017), Isildinha Baptista Nogueira (2021), Patricia Hill Collins e Sirma Bilge (2021), Rita Segato (2021), among others.

Resumen Salvar el fuego, de Itamar Vieira Junior (2023), es una narrativa que se centra en la pobreza extrema, que conduce a la exclusión y no presagia la salvación. Ambientada en el noreste de Brasil, recupera el estereotipo de los nordestinos como sinónimo de pobreza, así como la desigualdad social que azota al país desde la colonización. Se refiere a los excesos de la Iglesia católica que, a través de la religiosidad, no solo manipula, sino también explota a la población desfavorecida. La narrativa se desarrolla en la época contemporánea y, por lo tanto, corrobora la afirmación de Aníbal Quijano (2014) de que el colonialismo dejaba huellas por donde pasaba, porque, a pesar de ya no existir, la colonialidad del poder sigue presente, principalmente entre los sectores más vulnerables de la población. El salvajismo del capitalismo junto con el neoliberalismo corroe la existencia de los más pobres, forzando una migración constante como medio para escapar de la pobreza. Además, también se presentan los supuestos de raza, etnia y género, lo que demuestra la interseccionalidad siempre presente en estos estratos de la población. Utilizando estos supuestos como hilos conductores para analizar la narrativa, fue imprescindible recurrir a los estudios de Gayatri Spivak (2010), Aníbal Quijano (2014), María Lugones (2014), Walter D. Mignolo (2017), Isildinha Baptista Nogueira (2021), Patricia Hill Collins e Sirma Bilge (2021), Rita Segato (2021), entre otros.

RESUMO Este artigo discute como elementos da dimensão cinésica na oralidade potencializam a construção da figura da madrasta em uma narrativa cinematográfica e como são percebidos por estudantes da Educação Básica. O trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir da vivência de uma oficina pedagógica com discentes do Ensino Médio de uma escola particular na região metropolitana do Recife. Os dados foram áudio-gravados e analisados qualitativamente sob um prisma interpretativista. Para embasar teoricamente a discussão, recorremos a teóricos/as da oralidade, tais como, Schneuwly e Dolz (2004), Marcuschi (2010), Dionisio (2007), Costa-Maciel (2014), Leal (2022) e Araújo (2021), no que se refere ao estudo dos aspectos cinésicos na construção de sentidos. Os resultados evidenciaram que movimentos do corpo, o gestual, as expressões faciais e os olhares assumem papéis de destaque na construção de sentido e corroboram o estereótipo associado à figura da madrasta representada em película cinematográfica. Além disso, apontam para a necessidade de ampliação de discussões com os discentes no processo de ensino e de aprendizagem formal a respeito do papel que ocupam as questões cinésicas na construção de sentidos. Básica Recife áudiogravados áudio gravados interpretativista discussão teóricosas teóricos 2004, 2004 , (2004) 2010, 2010 (2010) 2007, 2007 (2007) CostaMaciel Costa Maciel 2014, 2014 (2014) 2022 (2022 2021, 2021 (2021) sentidos corpo gestual disso 200 (2004 201 (2010 (2007 (2014 202 (202 (2021 20 (200 (201 (20 2 (2 (

ABSTRACT This article explores how elements of the kinesic dimension in orality enhance the construction of the stepmother figure in a cinematic narrative and how these elements are perceived by secondary education students. The study was conducted through a pedagogical workshop with high school students from a private school in the metropolitan region of Recife. The data were audio-recorded and qualitatively analyzed from an interpretative perspective. To theoretically support the discussion, we draw on scholars of orality, such as Schneuwly and Dolz (2004), Marcuschi (2010), Dionisio (2007), Costa-Maciel (2014), Leal (2022), and Araújo (2021), with a focus on the study of kinesic aspects in meaning construction. The results highlighted that body movements, gestures, facial expressions, and gazes play prominent roles in meaning-making and reinforce the stereotype associated with the stepmother figure as portrayed in cinematic films. Additionally, the findings underscore the need to expand discussions with students within the formal teaching and learning process regarding the role kinesic elements play in constructing meaning. Recife audiorecorded audio recorded perspective discussion 2004, 2004 , (2004) 2010, 2010 (2010) 2007, 2007 (2007) CostaMaciel Costa Maciel 2014, 2014 (2014) 2022, 2022 (2022) 2021, 2021 (2021) movements gestures expressions meaningmaking making films Additionally 200 (2004 201 (2010 (2007 (2014 202 (2022 (2021 20 (200 (201 (202 2 (20 (2 (

RESUMEN Introducción. Las masculinidades representan roles sociales diversos y un estereotipo masculino que limita el desarrollo de tareas domésticas, entre otras, el estar a cargo de la alimentación familiar. Objetivo. Interpretar los relatos de personas mayores sobre el rol de las masculinidades en la transmisión alimentaria familiar. Materiales y Métodos. Estudio exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo utilizando la metodología de la Teoría Fundamentada de Strauss y Corbin. Participaron personas mayores de género masculino, a los que se les aplicó entrevista semiestructurada. Los datos fueron analizados a través de codificación abierta, axial y selectiva, lo que permitió identificar las categorías centrales que fueron la base del levantamiento de teoría que responde al objeto de estudio. La investigación fue avalada por comité de ética científica. Resultados. Se reconoce una cesión social de hábitos, patrones y costumbres alimentarias familiares en este grupo de personas, en especial, en etapas nóveles de su trayectoria vital. Como personas mayores, las masculinidades se adaptan a los cuidados y necesidades de sus respectivos hogares, ayudando en las compras de alimentos, elaborando preparaciones culinarias o reconociendo miembros masculinos de sus familias en el traspaso intergeneracional de saberes alimentarios. Conclusión. Desde los relatos de personas mayores participantes, las masculinidades presentan una dinámica familiar que comienza a desmitificar el rol de género femenino en el traspaso cultural de la alimentación.

ABSTRACT Introduction. masculinities represent diverse social roles and a male stereotype that limits the development of domestic tasks, among others, be in charge of family feeding. Objective. to interpret the stories of older people about the role of masculinities in the family food transmission. Material and methods. exploratory study with qualitative approach using the methodology of the Grounded Theory of Strauss and Corbin. Elderly male participants participated, to whom a semi-structured interview was applied. The data were analyzed through open, axial and selective coding, which allowed identifying the central categories that were the basis of the theory survey that responds to the object of study. The research was endorsed by the scientific ethics committee. Results. a social transfer of family eating habits, patterns and customs is recognized in this group of people, especially in the new stages of their life trajectory. As older people, masculinities adapt to the care and needs of their respective homes, in particular, in new stages of their life trajectory. As older people, masculinities adapt to the care and needs of their respective homes, assisting in food purchases, preparing culinary preparations or recognizing male members of their families in the intergenerational transfer of food knowledge. Conclusion. From the stories of elderly participants, masculinities present a family dynamic that begins to demystify the female gender role in the cultural transfer of food.