ABSTRACT Introduced fish can threaten aquatic biodiversity. Peru is a megadiverse country; its northern coast (Tumbes, Piura, Lambayeque, and La Libertad) exhibits greater fish diversity than its central and southern regions. In this area, introduced species exist; however, no research has been found that consolidates data on them. The aim of this research was to prepare a systematic review of introduced and potentially invasive fish in the northern coast of Peru. Following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) from 2020, 2,665 documents were obtained from Scopus, WoS, ScienceDirect, SciELO, PubMed, and Google Scholar. After removing duplicate documents and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, six documents were selected. Eight additional documents were obtained from other sources. A total of 12 introduced species were reported: common carp (Cyprinus carpio), gambusia (Gambusia affinis), guppy (Poecilia reticulata), swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii), tilapia (Coptodon rendalli), blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus), Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), wami tilapia (Oreochromis urolepis), cobia (Rachycentron canadum), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and hypostomus (Hypostomus sp.). Of these, five species were cichlids and three were poeciliids; eleven species were found in freshwater, five in mangroves, and two in the sea. Tumbes recorded the highest number of waterbodies with introduced species, Piura recorded the highest number of species (eight), while Lambayeque reported only one species in a waterbody. Seven species (common carp, gambusia, guppy, tilapias - blue, Mozambique, and Nile - and rainbow trout) have a high invasive potential, as they are among the 100 worst invasive species in Europe or worldwide. The evaluated documents have only reported the presence of introduced species without delving into their impact on ecosystems; therefore, further research in this direction would be advisable.

RESUMEN Los peces introducidos pueden amenazar a la biodiversidad acuática. Perú es un país megadiverso; su costa norte (Tumbes, Piura, Lambayeque y La Libertad) presenta una mayor diversidad íctica que su centro y sur. En esta región existen especies introducidas; pero, no se ha encontrado una investigación que consolide los datos sobre las mismas. La investigación tuvo como objetivo preparar una revisión sistemática sobre peces introducidos y potencialmente invasores en la costa norte peruana. Siguiendo las pautas de Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) del 2020, se obtuvieron 2665 documentos de Scopus, WoS, ScienceDirect, SciELO, Pubmed y Google Académico, Tras eliminar documentos duplicados y aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron seis documentos. Se añadieron ocho documentos obtenidos de otras fuentes. Se reportaron 12 especies introducidas: carpa (Cyprinus carpio), gambusia (Gambusia affinis), guppy (Poecilia reticulata), pez cola de espada (Xiphophorus hellerii), mojarra (Coptodon rendalli), tilapia azul (Oreochromis aureus), tilapia mosámbica (Oreochromis mossambicus), tilapia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus), wami tilapia (Oreochromis urolepis), cobia (Rachycentron canadum), trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) y carachama (Hypostomus sp.). De estas, cinco especies fueron cíclidos y tres poecílidos; once especies se encontraron en agua dulce, cinco en manglares y dos en el mar. Tumbes registró el mayor número de cuerpos de agua con especies introducidas, Piura registró la mayor cantidad de especies (ocho), mientras que en Lambayeque se reportó solo una especie en un cuerpo de agua. Siete especies: carpa, gambusia, guppy, tilapias (azul, mosámbica y nilótica) y trucha arcoíris tienen alto potencial invasor, pues se encuentran entre las 100 peores especies invasoras de Europa o del mundo. Los documentos evaluados solo han reportado la presencia de especies introducidas, sin profundizar en el impacto que han tenido en los ecosistemas; por lo que, sería recomendable realizar investigaciones en esa dirección.

The southern African Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene hominin record is abundant and exhibits a high taxonomic diversity with three genera represented: Australopithecus, Paranthropus and Homo. Hominin fossil diversity and variation are often contextualised within other fossil assemblages or modern/extant counterparts. However, the incompleteness of the fossil record, sample selection bias and taphonomic condition of the specimens themselves constrain interpretations of diversity and variation within and between species. Thus, species identification and the nature of the observed variation are frequently debated. Palaeoproteomics can help improve our understanding of taxonomic variation, as demonstrated by the recently generated proteome of Paranthropus specimens from Swartkrans. Here, we demonstrate protein preservation for an A. africanus specimen from Sterkfontein Member 4, Sts 63, using minimally invasive analysis, and identify it as belonging to a male individual. We then discuss some of the current limitations of palaeoproteomics and how we can potentially overcome them. Although it is still in its infancy for Plio-Pleistocene hominin fossils, palaeoproteomics has the potential to help unravel the causes of observed morphological variation. Lastly, we strongly believe that the involvement of African researchers at all levels of this research, including leadership, is of great importance. SIGNIFICANCE: We have successfully determined the biological sex of an Australopithecus africanus specimen (Sts 63) from Sterkfontein Member 4 with the age range of 3.5 to 2.01 Ma, with a high degree of confidence, and we have assessed the extent of protein preservation. These discoveries hold significant implications for our understanding of sexual dimorphism and intraspecies variation as observed in African Plio-Pleistocene hominins.

Abstract Wetlands worldwide face increasing challenges due to human activities such as water extraction, deforestation, and overfishing. These ecosystems are crucial for biodiversity, water retention, and purification. In Ecuador, the “Abras de Mantequilla” wetland exemplifies these pressures. It serves as a vital site for studying the interactions between soil fertility and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in forest ecosystems. The study focused on the soil fertility, particularly in relation to AMF in "Noah Morán" secondary forest within the Abras de Mantequilla wetland. The key role of AMF in improving soil fertility was highlighted. Soil samples were collected from the root zone of four forest tree species i.e., Guazuma ulmifolia, Albizia guachapele, Eugenia pustulescens, Cecropia peltate. The four investigated soil samples had marginal differences in the soil physicochemical properties. Number of AMF species were found in the four soils in the range of 16 to 39; Number of por Several AMF lowest por the lowest (16) and highest (39) AMF species were found in E. pustulescens and A. guachapele soils, respectively. AMF species ‘Akent’ was the most dominant (abundance #16) AMF species found in the soils of C. peltate. The ranges of Shannon_H and Simpson_1-D values were found to be 1.78-1.9 and 0.79-0.85, respectively. These insights are important to understanding soil-plant-microorganism interactions in promoting sustainable agricultural practices in the Abras de Mantequilla wetland.

Abstract The genus Pleurotus presents a multivariate species diversity due to its ability to grow in different substrates and environments. Whether wild or cultivated, they are edible mushrooms, as they present a high nutritional value and are medicinal due to their bioactive compounds with positive health effects. The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of the genus Pleurotus, since it is a cosmopolitan mushroom, and its properties can be used in different industrial applications and be a functional alternative for our future. Due to their saprophytic nature, they produce enzymes that act on the substrate in which they grow, degrading lignocellulosic material such as wood, forest and agricultural residues, hardwoods, wood by-products, cereal straw, bagasse, etc., and thanks to this degradative capacity, their enzymes are used in a wide range of biotechnological and environmental applications. In order to increase their production and consumption not only for their nutritional qualities, but also for their nutraceutical and biotechnological qualities, ease of cultivation, low investment cost, etc., new ways are being sought to increase their performance in cultivation. Recently, research has expanded the search for alternative uses of the Pleurotus genus, which has led to an increase in its cultivation, as well as its application in different fields of biotechnology. The cultivation of Pleurotus mushrooms represents an opportunity to generate a sustainable process and incorporate the process into a circular economy, generating environmental, social and economic benefits. The use of agro-industrial substrates and the subsequent reuse of the spent substrate as compost or organic fertilizer reduces the amount of waste that ends up in landfills and minimizes methane production. This allows for a more sustainable and environmentally friendly production model. Therefore, it is necessary to develop strategies for the promotion, marketing and sustainable production of products derived from these fungi.

ABSTRACT Crop pollination is indispensable for global food security. Studies that summarize the knowledge about pollination of specific crops are relevant because they identify the distribution of pollinators, guide pollinator management and conservation policies, and highlight knowledge gaps. Zucchini is cultivated in several countries, and its production is essentially dependent on pollinators. We aimed to integrate global data on zucchini pollination and answer the following questions: (1) What are the topics addressed and what are the trends of the results? (2) Which organisms pollinate zucchini, and how are they globally distributed? (3) What are the knowledge gaps? We performed a systematic literature review, built a network of countries and pollinators, and compared data on the efficiency of specific pollinators. Studies were conducted in 16 countries. Most studies investigated the frequency and diversity of floral visitors. Other approaches were discussed. Zucchini flowers fed 116 species of pollinators, especially bees. Six countries had almost exclusive groups of native pollinators. Apis, Bombus, and Peponapis were the most frequently recorded bees. Areas with high habitat diversity improve pollination. There was a significant difference in productivity when pollination was carried out by bees compared with pollination by Syrphidae. The main knowledge gaps are (1) the determination of which native, manageable pollinators are efficient for maximum zucchini production, (2) the investigation of how pollination influence fruit nutritional composition and seed quality, and (3) the identification of pollinators to the species level.

Spondias tuberosa (umbu) has been studied from the perspective of natural product and pharmacology, revealing relevant biological activities. Therefore, from the point of view of chemical and biological studies, deepening knowledge about this species is of great importance. Additionally, the evaluation related to the metabolic variations of the same species during different phenological evolution stages is also an interesting aspect of the research. Thereby, ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-QToF-MSE) was used to trace the chemical profile from umbu leaves at different phenological stages, allowing the detection of 40 metabolites, which 16 were annotated, such as phenolics and anacardic acids. Furthermore, the use of chemoinformatics tools allowed obtaining information on phenological development in the three leaves phases: post-flowering (young leaves), full production and senescence. The antiglycation activity assay revealed a potential inhibition of the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the leaves at different phenological stages. The antioxidant activity was satisfactory and in agreement with previously reported results, evidencing the potential for using umbu leaves, currently completely discarded, as an alternative source of antioxidants, which may provide increased added value to the cultivation of umbu, stimulating family farming and the recovery of tree density in degraded areas.

ABSTRACT Habitat loss and fragmentation is the greatest threat to global biodiversity and is especially acute in biodiversity hotspots such as the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Because the Brazilian fauna suffers from ongoing human impacts both inside and outside protected areas and their buffer zones, inventories of the faunal assemblages in these areas remain vital. Based on field surveys and the examination of museum specimens, we report on the herpetofauna of the buffer zone of Parque Estadual da Serra da Tiririca, located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. Across nine sampling areas during 2017 and 2018, we documented 30 species of anurans, one caecilian, 18 snakes, eight lizards, and one crocodilian. This assemblage includes the first record for five species from the protected area. Our inventory offers fundamental information that can promote actions to maintain populations of these taxonomic groups and their habitats within and outside of this protected area.

Abstract Heat treatment used in milk powder processing cannot always inactivate spore-forming microorganisms. Toxin deterioration and production by some species are significant concerns for the dairy industry, making the identification of these microorganisms essential for solving problems with the quality of the products. Given this scenario, this study sought to quantify and identify the predominant species in milk powder, aiming to know the isolated genetic varieties. Fourteen samples were analyzed for aerobic/anaerobic, mesophilic, and thermophilic bacterial spore presence, totaling 52 analyses. Spore contamination was verified in all samples analyzed, and the thermophilic spores had the highest contamination levels. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed 47 isolates: Weizmannia coagulans (21%), Anoxybacillus flavithermus (5.3%), Clostridium butyricum (5.3%), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (2.6%), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (2.6%), Clostridium pabulibutyricum (2.6%), Clostridium sporosphaeroides (2.6%), Bacillus licheniformis (2.6%), Bacillus sp. (34%), Geobacillus sp. (15.8%), and Clostridium sp. (5.3%). The results indicate the need to establish control measures to improve the hygiene and processing conditions of powdered milk, thereby ensuring product quality and consumer safety.

Resumo: Objetivo Neste estudo, nós investigamos a resposta da composição, diversidade e abundância de microcrustáceos (Cladocera e Copepoda) à origem do lago (natural e artificial) e ao estado trófico (mesotrófico e eutrófico, com eutrofização natural e eutrofização artificial). Testamos as seguintes hipóteses: (I) o aumento na abundância de certas espécies de microcrustáceos pode indicar um aumento no nível trófico; (II) a riqueza e a abundância variam entre os lagos e são maiores no lago com eutrofização natural; e (III) a abundância de microcrustáceos está associada à alta produtividade primária, sendo maior no ambiente eutrófico com eutrofização artificial. Métodos O estudo foi realizado em um segmento da bacia do rio Paranapanema, no sudeste do Brasil, com foco em cinco lagos em um trecho de oito quilômetros, para entender as respostas dos diferentes organismos em condições distintas de ambientes aquáticos. A amostragem foi realizada bimestralmente ao longo de um ano. Resultados Uma análise de componentes principais (PCA) separou três tipos de lagos: eutróficos (naturais e artificiais) a mesotróficos. Adicionalmente, 25 táxons foram encontrados. A análise SIMPER filtrou seis espécies com mais de 70% de contribuição de dissimilaridade. Cinco espécies apresentaram diferenças entre os lagos, uma espécie correlacionada com variáveis naturais, como profundidade. A análise de redundância associou a abundância de Bosminopsis deitersi com lagos eutróficos artificiais e com as variáveis condutividade elétrica, fósforo, nitrogênio, clorofila-a e dureza. Altas abundâncias de B. deitersi indicaram eutrofização artificial especialmente em lagos artificiais, enquanto lagos naturais com eutrofização natural não foram ambientes favoráveis para o aumento da abundância de B. deitersi. Conclusões Este estudo destaca os lagos de meandros neotropicais, enfatizando a importância da caracterização físico-química, da amostragem temporal detalhada e da classificação dos lagos por origem e nível trófico.

Abstract: Aim In this study, we investigated the response of microcrustaceans composition, diversity and abundance (Cladocera and Copepoda) to the lake’s origin (natural and man-made) and trophic state (mesotrophic and eutrophic, with natural eutrophication and artificial eutrophication). We tested the following hypotheses: (I) the increase in the abundance of certain microcrustacean species may indicate a rise in the trophic level; (II) the richness and abundance vary amongst lakes and are higher in the lake with natural eutrophication; and (III) the microcrustaceans abundance is associate with high primary productivity, being higher in the eutrophic environment with artificial eutrophication. Methods The study was conducted in a segment of the Paranapanema River basin, in southeastern Brazil, focusing on five lakes spanning an eight-kilometer stretch, to understand the different organisms' responses to distinct conditions of aquatic environments. Sampling was carried out bimonthly over the course of a year. Results A principal component analysis (PCA) separated three types of lakes: eutrophic (natural and man-made) to mesotrophic. Additionally, 25 taxa were found. SIMPER analysis filtered six species with more than 70% dissimilarity contribution. Five species exhibited differences amongst the lakes, one species correlated with natural variables as depth. The redundancy analysis associated the Bosminopsis deitersi abundance with man-made eutrophic lakes and with the variables electrical conductivity, phosphorus, nitrogen, chlorophyll-a, and hardness. High abundances of B. deitersi indicated artificial eutrophication especially in man-made lakes, while natural lakes with natural eutrophication were not favorable environments for the increase of B. deitersi abundance. Conclusions This study highlights the neotropical oxbow lakes, emphasizing the significance of physicochemical characterization, detailed temporal sampling, and lake classification by origin and trophic level.

Species from Pavonia genus (Malvaceae) are traditionally used as antioxidant, n anti inflammatory and antimicrobial remedies. Previous studies have revealed their diversity of specialized metabolites widely used in the development of new medicines. This is the first study on Pavonia glazioviana Gurke, a Brazilian species known as “Malva da Chapada”. The research led to identify fifteen compounds: 132 (S) hydroxy pheophytin a; and 132(S) hydroxy 173 ethoxyphaeophorbide, n decanol, cycloart 23Z ene 3β,25 diol, cycloart 24S 25 ene 3β,24 diol, sitosterol 3 O β D glucopyranoside, stigmasterol 3 O β D glucopyranoside, quercetin, acacetin, kaempferol, tiliroside, 5 hydroxy 3,7,8,4’ tetramethoxyflavone, 5,7 dihydroxy 3,8,4’ trimethoxyflavone, 5,7 dihydroxy 4’ methoxyflavone, 5,7,4’ trihydroxy 3,8 dimethoxyflavone and 5,7,4’ trihydroxy 3 methoxyflavone. The major flavonoids were tested for their antimicrobial activity, and the compound 5,7 dihydroxy 3,8,4’ trimethoxyflavone showed strong activity against Escherichia coli (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Candida albicans (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Candida tropicalis (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Candida parapsilosis (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Aspergillus flavus (MIC = 512 μg mL1) and A. fumigantus (MIC = 512 μg mL1). The total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and radical scavenging potential were determined showing its great production of phenolics and flavonoids, along with interesting radical scavenging potential (DPPH EC50 = 6.36 ± 0.029 mg mL 1). Our findings contributed to characterize P. glazioviana as a source of methoxylated flavonoids with antimicrobial potential. Malvaceae (Malvaceae antioxidant remedies medicines Gurke Malva Chapada. Chapada . Chapada” compounds 13 S (S 132S 132(S 17 ethoxyphaeophorbide decanol Z 3β25 3β 3β,2 diol 2 3β24 24 glucopyranoside quercetin acacetin kaempferol tiliroside 3,7,8,4 3784 7 8 4 tetramethoxyflavone 57 5, 3,8,4 384 methoxyflavone 5,7,4 574 38 3, MIC 51 mL1, mL1 , A mL1. content DPPH EC EC5 636 6 36 6.3 0029 0 029 0.02 1. 1 1) P 3β2 3β, 3,7,8, 378 3,8, 5,7, 63 6. 002 02 0.0 3,7,8 37 00 0. 3,7, 3,7

RESUMO: O Rio Grande do Sul possui uma grande diversidade de espécies de répteis distribuídos por todo o Estado. Devido às ações antrópicas, como a fragmentação de habitats, estes animais vêm sendo observados com frequência no meio urbano e periurbano. Isso facilita a disseminação de patógenos entre animais e seres humanos, sendo um risco a saúde única, visto que muitas doenças são consideradas zoonoses. A leptospirose está entre as zoonoses mais comuns do mundo e é causada pelas espécies patogênicas da bactéria do gênero Leptospira. Ainda não se sabe o papel dos répteis no ciclo da doença, porém, estudos sorológicos demonstraram positividade para anticorpos contra Leptospira spp. em cágados e serpentes, o que pode indicar que estes animais atuam na manutenção do patógeno no ambiente. O objetivo deste estudo foi observar a presença de anticorpos anti-Leptospira em répteis oriundos de resgate e levados ao Núcleo de Reabilitação da Fauna Silvestre e Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL). As amostras foram coletadas de 55 animais (39 Trachemys dorbigni; 3 Philodryas patagoniensis; 3 Caiman latirostris; 3 Salvator merianae; 2 Acanthochelys spixii; 2 Phrynops hilarii; 2 Hydromedusa tectifera; 1 Philodryas aestiva), durante o período de agosto de 2022 a dezembro de 2023, e testadas para 12 sorovares de referência. Dois animais demonstraram positividade, um deles para o sorovar patogênico Pyrogenes e outro para o sorovar patogênico Canicola. Este resultado demonstra a importância de outras espécies, além dos mamíferos, como potenciais reservatórios e responsáveis pela manutenção da leptospirose no ambiente. RESUMO Estado antrópicas habitats periurbano humanos única doença porém spp serpentes ambiente antiLeptospira anti NURFSCETAS/UFPEL. NURFSCETASUFPEL NURFS CETAS/UFPEL . CETAS UFPEL (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL) 5 39 (3 dorbigni patagoniensis latirostris merianae spixii hilarii tectifera aestiva, aestiva , aestiva) 202 2023 referência Canicola mamíferos NURFSCETAS NURFSCETAS/UFPEL CETASUFPEL (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL ( 20

ABSTRACT: The state of Rio Grande do Sul has a great diversity of reptile species distributed throughout its territory. Due to human actions, such as habitat fragmentation, these animals have been frequently observed in urban and peri-urban environments. This facilitates the spread of pathogens between animals and humans, posing a unique health risk, as many diseases are considered zoonoses. Leptospirosis is among the most common zoonoses in the world and is caused by pathogenic species of bacteria of the genus Leptospira. The role of reptiles in the cycle of this disease is yet unknown. However, serological studies have demonstrated positivity for antibodies against Leptospira spp. in tortoises and snakes, which may indicate that these animals act in maintaining the pathogen in the environment. This observed the presence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in rescued reptiles taken to the Center for Rehabilitation of Wild Fauna and Screening Center for Wild Animals at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL). Samples were collected from 55 animals (39 Trachemys dorbigni; 3 Philodryas patagoniensis; 3 Caiman latirostris; 3 Salvator merianae; 2 Acanthochelys spixii; 2 Phrynops hilarii; 2 Hydromedusa tectifera; 1 Philodryas aestiva) from August 2022 to December 2023 and tested for 12 reference serovars. Two animals demonstrated positivity, one for the pathogenic serovar Pyrogenes and the other for the pathogenic serovar Canicola. This result reflected the importance of different species besides mammals as potential reservoirs and responsible for maintaining leptospirosis in the environment. ABSTRACT territory actions fragmentation periurban peri environments humans risk unknown However spp snakes environment antiLeptospira anti NURFSCETAS/UFPEL. NURFSCETASUFPEL NURFS CETAS/UFPEL . CETAS UFPEL (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL) 5 39 (3 dorbigni patagoniensis latirostris merianae spixii hilarii tectifera aestiva 202 serovars Canicola NURFSCETAS NURFSCETAS/UFPEL CETASUFPEL (NURFS-CETAS/UFPEL ( 20

RESUMO Vários estudos etnobotânicos destacaram a importância da ameixa amarela como espécie vegetal útil no Nordeste brasileiro. Para domesticar e incorporar uma espécie nativa em sistemas produtivos é necessário obter informações sobre seu desenvolvimento e variação genética. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a variabilidade genética de indivíduos de X. americana, acessada por marcadores moleculares amplificados ao acaso (RAPD). Foram utilizados 26 genótipos de X. americana, coletados na reserva particular Fazenda Canto das Emas, na cidade de Caturité, estado da Paraíba, Brasil. Por meio da técnica RAPD, foi possível avaliar as diferenças genéticas entre genótipos nativos em uma população de ameixa silvestre. Baseado no coeficiente de dissimilaridade de Sokas e Rohlf, foi possível formar quatro grupos distintos pelo método UPGMA. O coeficiente de correlação cofenética foi de 0,83, revelando variabilidade na consistência do padrão de agrupamento. Os genótipos de X. americana apresentam diversidade genética detectada por marcadores RAPD, que têm se mostrado eficientes na caracterização de indivíduos. Os genótipos 4, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 21, 24, e 25 são os mais divergentes e devem ser utilizados em estratégias de conservação e programas de melhoramento. brasileiro X RAPD. RAPD . (RAPD) 2 Emas Caturité Paraíba Brasil silvestre Rohlf UPGMA 083 0 83 0,83 agrupamento 4 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 18 21 24 melhoramento (RAPD 08 0,8 1 0,

ABSTRACT Several ethnobotanical studies highlighted the importance of yellow plum as a useful plant species in the Brazilian Northeast region. In order to domesticate and incorporate a native species in production systems it is necessary to obtain information on its development and genetic variation. This work aimed to analyze the genetic variability of individuals of X. americana, accessed by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers. 26 genotypes of X. americana, randomly collected at the private reserve Campo das Emas Farm located in the Caturité City, Paraíba State, Brazil, were used in the study. Through the RAPD technique it was possible to assess the genetic variations among native genotypes within a wild plum population. Based on Sokal and Rohlf dissimilarity coefficient it was possible to form four distinct groups using the UPGMA method. The Cophenetic Correlation Coefficient was 0.83, revealing variability in the consistency of the cluster pattern. The genotypes of X. americana have genetic diversity detected by RAPD markers, which have shown to be efficient in characterizing individuals. Genotypes 4, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 21, 24, and 25 are the most divergent and should be used in conservation strategies and breeding programs. region variation X (RAPD markers 2 City State Brazil study population method 083 0 83 0.83 pattern 4 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 18 21 24 programs 08 0.8 1 0.

RESUMO: A estrutura do sistema radicular do cafeeiro Conilon tem sido aprimorada ao longo dos anos por meio de propagação e estudos genéticos e agronômicos em resposta às demandas por melhorias no desenvolvimento vegetal, na produção e na sobrevivência da espécie. Entende-se que a pesquisa científica desempenha um papel importante na geração de tecnologias e também na segurança das aplicações. Porém, há necessidade de refinar o código gerado para descobrir descobertas e tendências sobre o assunto. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliométrica e análise na base de dados Web of Science (WOS) sobre as principais contribuições de estudos, pesquisadores, organizações e países relevantes nas pesquisas acadêmicas sobre o enraizamento de Coffea canephora. Dados da base de dados WOS publicados entre 1982 e 2021 e sistematizados no software VOSviewer, mostraram um conjunto de 92 artigos, em que a maioria teve origem no Brasil e na França, tendo como principais grupos a Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, a Universidade Federal de Viçosa e o CIRAD. O estudo está dividido em quatro áreas: diversidade genética, propagação assexuada, nematologia, tolerância ao estresse hídrico e micropropagação, porém, destaca-se que no contexto das mudanças climáticas e seu impacto na produção e longevidade da cafeicultura brasileira, podemos ver o surgimento de pesquisas focadas no sistema radicular, integrando-o em linhas que exploram e integram temas como risco climático, gestão hídrica, tolerância à seca e irrigação por gotejamento, incluindo reflexões sobre o desempenho da agronomia cafeeira. RESUMO vegetal espécie Entendese Entende se aplicações Porém assunto sentido (WOS pesquisadores canephora 198 202 VOSviewer 9 artigos França Agropecuária CIRAD áreas genética assexuada nematologia micropropagação porém destacase destaca brasileira integrandoo integrando climático hídrica gotejamento cafeeira 19 20 1 2

ABSTRACT: The structure of the root system of the conilon coffee tree has improved over the years through propagation, genetic, and agronomic studies in response to demands for improvements in plant development, production, and survival of the species. Scientific research plays an important role in generating technologies and the security of applications. However, there is a need to refine the content generated to analyze discoveries and trends on the subject. Therefore, the present study conduct a bibliometric review and analysis on the main contributions of relevant studies, researchers, organizations, and countries in academic research on the rooting of Coffea canephora in the Web of Science (WOS) database. Data from the WOS database published between 1982 and 2021 and systematized in the VOSviewer software showed a set of 92 articles, the majority of which originated in Brazil and France, with the main groups being the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, the Federal University of Viçosa, and CIRAD. The study was divided into five areas: genetic diversity, asexual propagation, nematology, tolerance to water stress, and micropropagation. However, in the context of climate changes and its impact on the production and longevity of Brazilian coffee farming, research focused on the root system has increased significantly, integrating it into lines that explore and integrate topics such as climate risk, water management, drought tolerance, and drip irrigation, including reflections on the performance of coffee agronomy. ABSTRACT propagation development species applications However subject Therefore researchers organizations (WOS 198 202 9 articles France Corporation Viçosa CIRAD areas diversity nematology stress micropropagation farming significantly risk management irrigation agronomy 19 20 1 2

Computational predictive approaches present themselves as an attractive alternative in the search for new compounds that may present toxic or growth regulatory activity in Aedes aegypti. Aspergillus species is a producer of secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities. In this study, it was possible to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties in silico, as well as the prediction of the insecticidal biological activities of the juvenile hormone of natural substances produced by the genus Aspergillus. Initially, 187 molecules were cataloged from various species of Aspergillus spp., and only seven molecules of indole alkaloids were found to exhibit a toxic dose 50% (TD50) after conducting toxicity predictions. The molecular dynamic simulation trajectories were utilized to study parameters such as root mean square deviation, root mean square fluctuation, radius of gyration and intermolecular hydrogen bond to understand the behavior and stability of proposed compounds in the binding pocket of the target protein. The N-β-acetyltryptamine molecule showed a binding affinity value of –8.100 ± 0.200 kcal mol-1, which classifies the compound as a potential insecticidal agent against the Aedes aegypti vector. silico Initially 18 spp spp. 50 TD50 TD (TD50 predictions deviation fluctuation protein Nβacetyltryptamine N β acetyltryptamine 8100 8 100 –8.10 0200 0 200 0.20 mol1, mol1 mol 1, 1 mol-1 vector 5 TD5 (TD5 810 10 –8.1 020 20 0.2 mol- (TD 81 –8. 02 2 0. –8 –

RESUMEN Se evaluaron los hábitos alimentarios del bonito Euthynnus alletteratus y la albacora Thunnus alalunga a partir del análisis de los contenidos de 85 estómagos (50 de bonito y 35 de albacora) recolectados entre marzo de 2018 y abril de 2019. Se realizó un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de las presas encontradas en dichos estómagos, así como del espectro trófico entre especies y temporadas climáticas. La información climática se obtuvo a través de imágenes satelitales, analizando variables como la temperatura superficial del mar, la salinidad y los vientos. En términos de abundancia, las presas más representativas fueron el pez Sardinella aurita (42.48 %) y restos de Teleostei (27.45 %) para E. alletteratus, y larvas megalopa (56.89 %) y restos de Teleostei (10.26 %) para T. alalunga. El índice de importancia relativa indica, como presas principales, a restos de Teleostei (IRI = 1460.65) y Sardinella aurita (IRI = 1179.70) para E. alletteratus, y a larvas megalopa (IRI = 1367.19) y restos de Teleostei (IRI = 840.94) para T. alalunga. Estos grandes depredadores pelágicos fueron catalogados como generalistas, con baja diversidad de presas en el contenido estomacal, y no se observó solapamiento trófico entre las dos especies.

ABSTRACT The feeding habits of the bonito Euthynnus alletteratus and the albacore Thunnus alalunga were assessed by analyzing the contents of 85 stomachs (50 from bonito and 35 from albacore) collected between March 2018 and April 2019. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the prey found in the stomach contents was conducted, as well as of the trophic spectrum between species and climatic seasons. Climatic information was obtained through satellite images, analyzing variables such as sea surface temperature, salinity, and winds. In terms of abundance, the most representative prey were the fish Sardinella aurita (42.48 %) and Teleostei remains (27.45 %) for E. alletteratus, and Megalopa larvae (56.89 %) and Teleostei remains (10.26 %) for T. alalunga. The relative importance index indicates that the main prey for E. alletteratus were Teleostei remains (IRI = 1460.65) and Sardinella aurita (IRI = 1179.70), while, for T. alalunga they were megalopa larvae (IRI = 1367.19) and Teleostei remains (IRI = 840.94). These large pelagic predators were classified as generalists, with a low prey diversity in their stomach content. No trophic overlap was observed between the two species.