This work developed an effective and eco-friendly analytical method to support quality control for Brazilian Bill proposal No. 5332/2009. The bill advocates the creation of the “Brazilian bread” by mandating the incorporation of cassava byproducts into wheat flour, with the aim of reducing Brazil’s external dependency on wheat imports and promoting domestic cassava family farming. For this, a handheld near-infrared (NIR) spectrophotometer was utilized for on-site determination of cassava starch in commercial wheat flour. The quantitative analysis, which utilized NIR spectra pre-processed with offset correction (OFF) combined with linear baseline correction (LBC), alongside the successive projections algorithm for interval selection in partial least squares (iSPA-PLS), exhibited superior predictive capability, achieving a relative error of prediction below 8%. Furthermore, the classification process, which involved NIR spectra pre-processed with LBC and iSPA-PLS for discriminant analysis (iSPA-PLS-DA), yielded an impressive 94% overall accuracy, with only 3 misclassifications in the test set. ecofriendly eco friendly No 53322009 5332 2009 5332/2009 bread flour Brazils Brazil s farming this nearinfrared near infrared (NIR onsite site preprocessed pre processed OFF (OFF LBC, , (LBC) iSPAPLS, iSPAPLS iSPA PLS (iSPA-PLS) capability 8 8% Furthermore process iSPAPLSDA, iSPAPLSDA DA (iSPA-PLS-DA) 94 accuracy set 5332200 533 200 5332/200 (LBC (iSPA-PLS (iSPA-PLS-DA 9 533220 53 20 5332/20 53322 5 2 5332/2 5332/

ABSTRACT Proper waste management is a major worldwide concern; waste is disposed of directly into the environment, affecting water, soil and air quality. The development and production of green energy sources is strongly encouraged in modern society. The aim of this study, in accordance with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 1, 2 and 7 of the 2030 Agenda of the UN, is to combine the correct disposal of animal waste with the generation of energy to mitigate the energy insecurity of families in an extremely vulnerable semi-arid region in the north-east of the country using biodigesters. To this end, a conceptual proposal was drawn up for a low-cost, easy-to-maintain and easy-to-use biodigester. A small-scale prototype was used to assess its operation by evaluating the main factors that affect biogas production (pH, temperature and the biomass properties: total solids, fixed solids, volatile solids, concentration of volatile fatty acids and C/N ratio). Evaluation of the test prototype gave satisfactory results that corroborate other studies and make it possible to propose an economically viable and efficient full-scale biodigester for biogas production. concern environment water quality society study SDGs (SDGs 1 203 UN semiarid semi arid northeast north east biodigesters end lowcost, lowcost low cost, cost low-cost easytomaintain easy maintain easytouse use smallscale small scale pH, pH (pH properties solids CN C N ratio. ratio . ratio) fullscale full 20

Bredemeyera Willd. is a genus of the Polygalaceae family, occurring in Brazil. This research aims to evaluate the phytochemical and antifungal potential, in vitro and in silico, of Bredemeyera brevifolia extracts. The identification of fatty acids by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and their quantification by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector showed that palmitic (36.55 mg g−1), margaric (3.66 mg g−1), linolelaidic (108.82 mg g−1), oleic (7.86 mg g−1), stearic (41.11 mg g−1), dihomo-γ-linolenic (85.48 mg g−1), and arachidic (209.00 mg g−1) acids are present in the hexane extract. From the chloroform extract, 1-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone was isolated and identified. The minimum inhibitory concentration assay with methanolic extract demonstrated antifungal activity against species of the genus Candida, Sporothrix, and Trichophyton for up to 96 h, with values ranging from 64-1024 μg mL−1. The in silico study with the chemical compounds of this species showed fungal inhibition potential of sterol-14-α-demethylase, highlighting 1-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone, which presented an affinity energy of -8.8 kcal mol−1, greater than that observed for fluconazole (−8.3 kcal mol−1). The fatty acids interacted with the active site of the enzyme but presented energies ≥ −7.4 kcal mol−1. Compounds isolated from this species have pharmacokinetic potential for the development of pharmaceutical formulations. Willd family Brazil extracts chromatographymass chromatography mass chromatographyflame flame 36.55 3655 36 55 (36.5 g−1, g1 g g−1 , 1 3.66 366 3 66 (3.6 108.82 10882 108 82 (108.8 7.86 786 7 86 (7.8 41.11 4111 41 11 (41.1 dihomoγlinolenic dihomo γ linolenic 85.48 8548 85 48 (85.4 209.00 20900 209 00 (209.0 1hydroxy3,7dimethoxyxanthone 1hydroxy37dimethoxyxanthone hydroxydimethoxyxanthone hydroxy 3,7 dimethoxyxanthone identified Candida Sporothrix 9 h 641024 64 1024 64-102 mL1 mL mL−1 sterol14αdemethylase, sterol14αdemethylase sterolαdemethylase sterol 14 α demethylase, demethylase sterol-14-α-demethylase 1hydroxy3,7dimethoxyxanthone, dimethoxyxanthone, 8.8 88 8 -8. mol1 mol mol−1 −8.3 83 (−8. . mol−1) 74 4 −7. formulations 36.5 365 5 (36. g− 3.6 6 (3. 108.8 1088 10 (108. 7.8 78 (7. 41.1 411 (41. 85.4 854 (85. 209.0 2090 20 0 (209. 1hydroxy3 7dimethoxyxanthone 37 3, 64102 102 64-10 mL− αdemethylase 8. -8 mol− −8. (−8 −7 36. (36 3. (3 108. (108 7. (7 41. (41 85. (85 209. 2 (209 1hydroxy 6410 64-1 - −8 (− − ( (10 (4 (8 (20 641 64- (1 (2

Abstract Introduction: Positive mental health involves a mix of personal and psychosocial resources, as well as attitudes, affections, and positive behaviors that allow the person to face the challenges that arise in life, at a personal, family, social, and school level. Objective: Determine the association between personal factors and positive mental health in high school students during COVID-19. Methodology: Descriptive correlational study. Intentional non-probabilistic sampling. The sample consisted of 210 students of both sexes, ages 15 to 19, enrolled in cycle 2022-1 of the morning shift. Adolescents with visual conditions were excluded. A personal factors study and Positive Mental Health Scale were applied, with prior assent and informed consent. The statistical analysis was descriptive and inferential Results: The students were 64.8% female, 76.1% were under 17 years of age, 53.3% were in the sixth semester, 42% presented COVID-19 and 45% reported losses due to COVID-19. Global positive mental health was low in 50.5% of students. There was a significant positive statistical association in overall positive mental health with sex p=0.01, and a negative one with suffering from a mental illness p=0.01 and having family members who suffered from a mental illness p=0.05. Conclusion: Mental health of young people was not very positive. It needs to be studied to generate nursing interventions for promotion and prevention of school health to result in effective stress management of young people who are in high school when considering the family, society, and the educational field.

Abstrato Introdução: A saúde mental positiva envolve um conjunto de recursos pessoais e psicossociais, atitudes, afetos e comportamentos positivos que permitem à pessoa enfrentar os desafios que surgem na vida, a nível pessoal, familiar, social e escolar. Objetivo: Determinar a associação entre fatores pessoais e saúde mental positiva em estudantes do ensino médio em tempos de COVID-19. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, preditivo e correlacional. Amostragem não probabilística intencional, amostra 210 estudantes de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 15 e 19 anos, matriculados no ciclo 2022-1 do turno da manhã. Foram excluídos os adolescentes com problemas visuais. Foram aplicados inquérito de fatores pessoais e Escala de Saúde Mental Positiva, com prévio assentimento e consentimento informado. A análise estatística foi descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: Os alunos eram 64,8% do sexo feminino, 76,1% tinham menos de 17 anos, 53,3% estavam no sexto semestre, 42% apresentaram COVID-19 e 45% relataram perdas por COVID-19. A saúde mental positiva global foi baixa em 50,5% dos estudantes. Houve associação estatística positiva significativa na saúde mental geral positiva com sexo p=0,01, e negativa com sofrer de doença mental p=0,01 e ter familiares que sofriam de doença mental p=0,05. Conclusão: A saúde mental positiva dos jovens foi baixa, necessita ser estudada para gerar intervenções de enfermagem na promoção e prevenção da saúde escolar para promover o enfrentamento eficaz do manejo do estresse dos jovens que estão no ensino médio quando se considera a família, a sociedade e o campo educacional.

Resumen Introducción: La salud mental positiva involucra una mezcla de recursos personales y psicosociales, actitudes, afectos y comportamientos positivos que permiten a la persona enfrentar los retos que se le presentan en la vida, a nivel personal, familiar, social y escolar. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre factores personales y la salud mental positiva en estudiantes de bachillerato en tiempos de COVID-19. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo correlacional. Muestreo intencional no probabilístico, en una muestra de 210 estudiantes de ambos sexos, edades de 15 a 19 años, inscritos en ciclo 2022-1 del turno matutino. Se excluyeron adolescentes con afecciones visuales. Se aplicó encuesta de factores personales y Escala de Salud Mental Positiva, previo asentimiento y consentimiento informado. El análisis estadístico fue descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: Los estudiantes fueron 64.8 % del sexo femenino, 76.1 % eran menores de 17 años, 53.3 % cursaban sexto semestre, 42 % presentó COVID-19 y 45 % manifestó pérdidas por Covid-19. La salud mental positiva global fue baja en 50.5 % de los estudiantes. Hubo asociación estadística significativa positiva en salud mental positiva global con sexo p=0.01, y negativa con padecer alguna enfermedad mental p=0.01 y contar con familiares que padecían alguna enfermedad mental p=0.05. Conclusión: La salud mental positiva de los jóvenes fue baja, se requiere ser estudiada para generar intervenciones de enfermería en promoción y prevención de la salud escolar para favorecer un afrontamiento efectivo del manejo el estrés de los jóvenes que cursan bachillerato al considerar a la familia, la sociedad y al ámbito educativo.

Abstract Irene Lisboa (1892-1958) was a chronicler or literary journalist who used the voices of real characters or source characters and her own to expose and critique the sociopolitical landscape, drawing from her immersive observations. As anti-regime publications, the magazines Seara Nova and presença, folha de arte e crítica, sought ways to resist and denounce the idealised portrayal of the country, its people, and, consequently, its women. This study aims to explore the representation of violence against women during the Portuguese dictatorship from a discursive and narrative perspective, using Irene Lisboa’s chronicles published in Seara Nova and presença, folha de arte e crítica, between 1929 and 1955. The findings highlight the author’s depiction of a woman victim of violence from the State, her family, and society. The figure Lisboa represents embodies a dual identity. On one hand, she is the bourgeois woman shaped by prejudice and subservience. On the other, she embodies the working-class woman, also grappling with gender and power dynamics that dehumanise her both personally and as a woman. This contrasts sharply with the idealisation promoted by the regime.

Resumo Irene Lisboa (1892-1958) foi uma cronista, ou jornalista literária, que, a partir da voz de personagens reais ou personagens-fonte e da sua própria voz, apresenta um discurso de denúncia do cenário sociopolítico, resultado da sua posição imersiva nos locais de observação. Como revistas antirregime, e por isso censuradas, a Seara Nova e a presença, folha de arte e crítica, através dos seus autores, tentaram encontrar meios de resistir e, ao mesmo tempo, denunciar um país, um povo e, consequentemente, uma mulher idealizados. Assim, neste estudo, pretende-se compreender a representação da violência contra a mulher durante a ditadura portuguesa, numa perspetiva discursiva e narrativa, a partir do corpus cronístico de Irene Lisboa, publicado nas revistas Seara Nova e presença, folha de arte e crítica, no período entre 1929 e 1955. As conclusões apontam no sentido de que a autora deixa representada uma mulher vítima de violência exercida pelo Estado, pela família e pela sociedade. A mulher representada por Lisboa é um ser dual. Por um lado, a mulher burguesa que é formada pelo preconceito e pelo servilismo; por outro lado, a mulher do povo, também sujeita às questões de género e de poder que a desumanizam enquanto pessoa e mulher; e ambas longe da mulher idealizada pelo regime.

ABSTRACT. Size-frequency, length-weight, and length-length relationships for Hemiramphus brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1978) and Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (Ranzani, 1841) from the north coast of the Yucatan peninsula in the Gulf of Mexico were studied. All specimens were collected from the artisanal fishery of halfbeaks, which is under an exploratory fishery license. Five thousand two hundred-one individuals (5,134 H. brasiliensis and 67 H. unifasciatus) were sampled and analyzed. The size-frequency analysis showed that individuals of H. brasiliensis among 31.5 to 34.5 cm of total length (TL) class dominated the fishery samples; however, the separation index (≥2) detected two modes in the last months of the year, identifying a cohort with a length below the average (24.5 to 26.5 cm TL). The isometric growth pattern was found in females and pooled sex in H. unifasciatus, and positive allometric growth was found in males and H. brasiliensis. The TL was 9 and 4.5% greater than the fork length for H. brasiliensis and H. unifasciatus, respectively. The size of H. brasiliensis (45.5 cm TL) exceeds the reported in previous studies from the Gulf of Mexico and the Mexican Caribbean Sea, and a new record of maximum length for H. unifasciatus (31cm TL) was reported to the FishBase database.

Abstract: The digitalisation processes have substantially modified the modes of production and consumption of goods and services in society as well as the different interactions of which we are part. States and their interventions have not been left out of these processes. The covid-19 health pandemic situation -although it had been brewing previouslyhas accelerated the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the management and implementation of public policies in general and social policies in particular. Within this framework, the aim of this paper is to identify -in an exploratory mannerdoubts, expressions about the registration process and view on three income transfer or income guarantee policies that have emerged in the context of the covid-19 health pandemic in Argentina and Spain. Based on virtual ethnographies in groups of recipients in the social network Facebook, the cases of analysis are taken as cases of Emergency Family Income and Food Reinforcement in the Argentinean case and Minimum Living Income in Spain. We have sought to explore some dimensions of the process of programme implementation -which was managed virtuallyin order to understand the difficulties faced by the potential beneficiaries of these policies. The results obtained aim to demonstrate -without claiming to be exhaustivepossible potentialities and limitations offered by digitisation processes in policies to combat poverty and social exclusion.

Resumen: Los procesos de digitalización han modificado sustancialmente los modos de producción y consumo de bienes y servicios en la sociedad, así como las diferentes interacciones de las que somos parte. Los estados y sus intervenciones no han quedado por fuera de estos procesos. La situación de pandemia sanitaria por covid-19 -aunque ya se venía gestando previamente-, ha acelerado el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC’s) en la gestión e implementación de políticas públicas en general y sociales en particular. En este marco, el objetivo de este escrito es identificar -de modo exploratoriodudas, expresiones en torno al proceso de inscripción y miradas sobre tres políticas de transferencias de ingresos o garantía de ingresos, emergentes en el contexto de pandemia sanitaria por covid-19 en el estado argentino y español. A partir de etnografías virtuales en grupos de personas receptoras de la red social Facebook, se toman como casos de análisis el Ingreso Familiar de Emergencia y el Refuerzo Alimentario en el caso argentino y del Ingreso Mínimo Vital en España. Se ha buscado explorar algunas dimensiones del proceso de implementación de programas -cuya gestión se realizó de manera virtualen pos de comprender las dificultades a las que se enfrenta la población potencialmente receptora de estas políticas. Los resultados obtenidos pretenden demostrar -sin pretensión de exhaustividadposibles potencialidades y limitaciones que ofrecen los procesos de digitalización en las políticas de lucha contra la pobreza y la exclusión social.

Abstract Peace education aims to influence the development of a healthy and peaceful coexistence, both in the classroom and in other broader social structures such as the family and the local and global community; It also involves motivating students to understand human rights, multiculturalism and conflict management. The funds of knowledge applied to education constitute a theoretical and methodological approach that values a nd takes into account the experiences and knowledge of families to enrich the design and implementation of sensitive and contextualized educational practices. Here we delve into the importance of implementing funds of knowledge in teaching practices as an approach that promotes peace, because it is based on the principles of inclusion, equity, participation, democracy, solidarity and respect for human rights. The funds of knowledge approach constitutes a contribution to socially just and culturally relevant education that promotes peace because, to live peacefully in a society where people of different cultures, ethnicities, ideologies and languages converge, it is important to live the experience of recognizing, value and respect diversity as the axis that drives the well-being of people and communities.

Resumen La educación para la paz tiene como objetivo incidir en el desarrollo de una convivencia sana y pacífica, tanto en el aula como en otras estructuras sociales más amplias como la familia y la comunidad local y global; implica, además, motivar a los estudiantes a comprender los derechos humanos, la multiculturalidad y el manejo de conflictos. Los fondos de conocimiento aplicados a la educación constituyen un enfoque teórico y metodológico que valora y toma en cuenta las experiencias y conocimientos de las familias para enriquecer el diseño e implementación de prácticas educativas sensibles y contextualizadas. Aquí se profundiza en la importancia de la implementación de los fondos de conocimiento en las prácticas docentes como un enfoque que promueve la paz, porque se basa en los principios de inclusión, equidad, participación, democracia, solidaridad y respeto a los derechos humanos. El enfoque de fondos de conocimiento constituye un aporte a la educación socialmente justa y culturalmente relevante que promueve la paz porque, para convivir de forma pacífica en una sociedad donde convergen personas de diferentes culturas, etnias, ideologías e idiomas, es importante vivir la experiencia de reconocer, valorar y respetar la diversidad como eje que impulsa el bienestar de las personas y las comunidades.

RESUMEN El desarrollo que alcance un infante con repercusión en el resto de su vida adulta, será resultado tanto, de la interacción de sus características biológicas y psicológicas, como de las experiencias que le ofrezca su medio social. De ahí que se afirme el carácter biopsicosocial de los seres humanos y que se valore la socialización desde las primeras edades, por lo positivo y estimulante en su desarrollo. Sin embargo, en ocasiones, esa interacción es limitada por disímiles factores, que pueden partir desde el propio individuo, poseedor de determinadas características que condicionan su interacción con el medio y la particularizan; de la familia como ente propiciador o represor de la misma; de la propia sociedad o comunidad que la favorezca, promueva o estimule. Tal es el caso de los niños con necesidades educativas especiales, neurodivergentes y en situación de discapacidad. En coherencia, se diseñó un proyecto comunitario contentivo de acciones que contribuyen a la socialización y la estimulación del desarrollo de niños neurodivergentes, con énfasis en aquellos diagnosticados con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Prevalecen en el estudio los métodos: revisión bibliográfica, análisis-síntesis, entrevistas y observación. Los resultados proyectan la satisfacción de necesidades educativas básicas para la inclusión socioeducativa.

ABSTRACT The development that an infant achieves with repercussions on the rest of his or her adult life will be the result of both the interaction of her biological and psychological characteristics and the experiences that her social environment offers her. Hence, the biopsychosocial character of human beings is affirmed and socialization is valued from the earliest ages, due to its positive and stimulating development. However, sometimes, this interaction is limited by dissimilar factors, which can come from the individual himself, who possesses certain characteristics that condition his interaction with the environment and make it particular; of the family as an entity that promotes or represses it; of the society or community itself that favors, promotes or stimulates it. This is the case of children with special educational needs, neurodivergents and those with disabilities. In coherence, a community project was designed containing actions that contribute to the socialization and stimulation of the development of neurodivergent children, with emphasis on those diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The methods prevail in the study: bibliographic review, analysis- synthesis, interviews and observation. The results project the satisfaction of basic educational needs for socio-educational inclusion.

RESUMEN Sin lugar a dudas, la educación con enfoque de género se convierte en un imperativo para instituciones y organismos nacionales e internacionales encargados de estas acciones formativas. En ese sentido, se enfocan bases legales en República Dominicana que declaran la igualdad de género. Sin embargo, la práctica indica la necesidad de ahondar en las representaciones de la temática en los docentes en torno a su desempeño profesional y convoca a la búsqueda de sus referentes teóricos para intervenir. En esa dirección este artículo pretende socializar la propuesta interventiva de una estrategia pedagógica orientada a promover el enfoque de género en las instituciones educativas de la República Dominicana desde la preparación del docente. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, se sistematizan referentes esenciales y se constata la problemática en la práctica a partir de entrevistas, encuestas y observaciones, los que ofrecieron información pertinente para estructurar las etapas y acciones, en función de favorecer cambios en las instituciones educativas, que coadyuvaran a identificar y superar la educación sexista, fomentar vínculos equitativos entre los sujetos en el contexto escolar, familiar y social. La percepción medular en la preparación del docente contribuyó al desempeño profesional coherente con significativas transformaciones.

ABSTRACT Without a doubt, gender-focused education becomes an imperative for national and international institutions and organizations in charge of these training actions. In this sense, legal bases in the Dominican Republic that declare gender equality are focused on. However, practice indicates the need to delve into the representations of the subject in teachers around their professional performance and calls for the search for their theoretical references to intervene. In this direction, this article aims to socialize the intervention proposal of a pedagogical strategy aimed at promoting the gender approach in educational institutions in the Dominican Republic from the preparation of teachers. From a qualitative approach, essential references are systematized and the problem is verified in practice from interviews, surveys and observations, which offered pertinent information to structure the stages and actions, in order to favor changes in educational institutions, which will help to identify and overcome sexist education, promote equitable links between subjects in the school, family and social context. Core perception in teacher training contributed to professional performance consistent with significant transformations.

Resumen. La cantidad de muertes violentas en México ha venido creciendo durante los últimos años, lo que ha ocasionado enormes retos en las políticas públicas, específicamente en las relacionadas con la seguridad pública, los servicios de salud y las aseguradoras. En general, una muerte violenta es una tragedia que, con frecuencia, puede ser evitada. Además, dicha pérdida no sólo afecta a la víctima y a sus familiares, ya que repercute en toda la sociedad. En efecto, al considerar esta problemática, y utilizando las ecuaciones de ingreso de Mincer, observamos que se han perdido cuantiosas vidas de trabajadores (potenciales o en activo), por lo que la sociedad ha perdido el ingreso y el consumo potenciales de las personas fallecidas. Por tal razón, en este artículo estimamos las pérdidas económicas causadas por las muertes violentas, esperando coadyuvar a aumentar la conciencia sobre la urgencia de delinear e instrumentar políticas públicas que disminuyan este tipo de fallecimientos que, insistimos, son evitables.

Abstract. The number of violent deaths in Mexico has been increasing in recent years. This has brought a great challenge to public policies, specifically those related to public safety, health services, Tand insurance. A violent death is a senseless tragedy that could be avoided, and it is incorrect to think that this death exclusively affects the victim and their family members. In reality, it affects the whole of society. When considering this problem using Mincer’s income equations, we observe that the lives of workers (potential or active) have been lost and that society has lost the income and potential consumption of the deceased. For this reason, in this article we intend to assess the economic losses caused by violent demises, hoping to help increase awareness that public policies are urgently needed to reduce these types of preventable deaths.

Abstract Objetivo: Avaliar a concordância da terapêutica com medicamentos modificadores de prognóstico (MMP) em pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca crónica com fração de ejeção reduzida (P-CICFEr), em cuidados de saúde primários (CSP) na região Centro de Portugal, com as diretrizes da Sociedade Europeia de Cardiologia (ESC) de agosto de 2021. Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal de uma amostra representativa do tamanho, intervalo de confiança de 95% e margem de erro de 8%, da população com CICFEr em 31/dezembro/2021. Foram estudados idade, sexo, ano de diagnóstico da introdução da Classificação Internacional para Cuidados Primários-2 (ICPC-2, K-77), anos desde o último ecocardiograma, MMPs para P-CICFEr e outras terapêuticas para P-CICFEr. Participaram, convidadas por conveniência, 11 Unidades de Saúde Familiar após parecer positivo da Comissão de Ética. Resultados: Num universo de n=2.381 pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca (PCIC) encontraram-se n=453 (19,0%) (P-CICFEr) estudando-se uma amostra representativa de n=133 (5,6%), n=95 homens (71,4%). Verificou-se prescrição de medicamentos inibidores do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona (iSRAA) 91,0%, de betabloqueadores em 75,2%, de antagonistas mineralocorticoides em 40,6%, de inibidores da SGLT2 em 44,4%, de inibidores da neprilisina em 38,3% e de diuréticos de ansa em 72,2%. A terapêutica farmacológica quádrupla verificou-se em n=28 (21,1%) P-CICFEr e a tripla em n=38 (28,6%). Verificou-se idade média de 74,3±11,6 anos, 75,1±4,0 no homem e 76,6±6,0 na mulher, p=0,088. A mediana de tempo desde o diagnóstico ICPC-2 foi de 6,0 anos no homem e de 4,0 anos na mulher, p=0,031. O tempo mediano desde o último ecocardiograma foi de três anos, p=0,750. Conclusão: Os medicamentos modificadores de prognóstico, segundo as diretrizes mais recentes da ESC para a CICFEr, estavam subutilizados em 50,4% dos casos. Apesar dos resultados encontrados é necessária reflexão acerca das barreiras que os médicos possam encontrar para aplicar as diretrizes em P-CICFEr.

Resumo Objective: To evaluate the accordance of prognostic medicines prescription (PMP), for persons with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (P-CHFrEF), attended in primary health care units in Central Portugal, with the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 2021 August, guidelines. To know about mean age, median time since the diagnosis and last echocardiogram performance in P-CHFrEF. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study of a random size representative sample, 95% confidence interval, and 8% error margin of the P-CHFrEF of a population on 31st December 2021. Age, gender, year of International Classification for Primary Care-2 (ICPC-2, K-77) problem classification input data, years since the last echocardiogram, ongoing PMP and the use of other chronic heart failure (CHF) drugs were gathered. Data were obtained from 11 Portugal Primary Health Care Units, invited by convenience, after an Ethics Committee approval. Results: From a universe of n=2,381 persons with CHF, n=453 (19.0%) P-CHFrEF was found. A size representative sample of P-CHFrEF of n=133 (5.6%), n=95 males (71.4%) was studied. Prescription of a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (RAAS-I) was ongoing in 91.0%, beta-blocker (BB) in 75.2%, mineralocorticoid antagonists (MRA) in 40.6%, inhibitors of the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2i) in 44.4%, neprilisine inhibitors 38.3% and loop diuretics in 72.2%. The optimized medical quadruple therapy was established in 28 patients (21.1%) and the triple one in 38 (28.6 %). Mean age was of 74.3±11.6 years, males 73.4±11.0 and females 76.6±12.9, p=0.088. The median time since the diagnosis was 6.0 for men and 4.0 for women, p=0.031. The median time since the last echocardiogram was 3.0, p=0.750 between genders. Conclusion: According to the 2021 ESC guidelines, prognostic modifying medicines were underused for 50.4% of P-CHFrEF. Even with these results, a reflection must be made, on the barriers physicians encounter, to comply with the ESC guidelines in such patients.

Resumen La violencia doméstica es un problema relevante en relación con el género, como se pone de manifiesto, por ejemplo, en la creación desde hace décadas de institucionalidad jurídica internacional y nacional para el control de esta problemática. Con todo, dado el carácter estructural de esta violencia y su relación con esquemas patriarcales arraigados en lo social, resulta difícil que la mediación del derecho por sí misma redunde en un cumplimiento total de este compromiso. Este trabajo contribuye a una comprensión novedosa y situada de la intervención de la legalidad en la violencia de género del espacio doméstico. La novedad radica en lo que nos permite visualizar la noción de conciencia jurídica como marco analítico, esto es, el modo en que la legalidad sostiene su poder, a pesar de la constante incompletitud del cumplimiento de sus promesas. Para capturar esta cuestión se utilizó el método etnográfico aplicado a dos tribunales de familia de Chile. El trabajo de campo nos muestra que los tribunales de familia utilizan la noción de riesgo con miras a disponer de medidas cautelares, cuestión que permite una intervención en las experiencias de vida de las denunciantes. Es así como se transforma en acto la promesa de control de este tipo de violencia de género que se hace a través del derecho.

Abstract Domestic violence is a relevant problem about gender; this is manifested, for example, in the creation of long-standing international and national legal institutions to control this problem. However, given the structural nature of this violence and its relationship with patriarchal schemes rooted in society, it is difficult for the mediation of law by itself to result in the total fulfillment of this commitment. This work contributes to a novel and situated understanding of the intervention of legality in gender-based violence in the domestic sphere. The novelty lies in visualizing the notion of legal consciousness as an analytical framework, i.e., how legality sustains its power despite constant failure to fulfill its promises. The ethnographic method was applied to two family courts to discuss this issue. The fieldwork reveals that family courts use the notion of risk to provide preventive measures, which allows intervention in the life experiences of complainants. This is how the promise of control of this type of gender-based violence that is made through law is transformed into action.

Introdução: A Doença Hepática Esteatótica Associada à Disfunção Metabólica (MASLD) é a doença hepática crônica mais prevalente no mundo e foi recentemente renomeada para enfatizar seu componente metabólico. Este artigo busca preencher a lacuna de diretrizes específicas para pacientes portadores de obesidade e MASLD que irão ser submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. Método: Foi realizado uma busca sistemática por guidelines nas plataformas PubMed e Embase. Resultados: Foram encontrados 544 artigos, dos quais 11 foram selecionados conforme critérios de inclusão/exclusão. Todos os 11 guidelines são de sociedades clínicas, portanto, não contemplam algumas interpretações necessárias para o paciente bariátrico. Conclusões: Recomendamos que seja feito o rastreio de todo paciente que será submetido a cirurgia bariátrica e metabólica inicialmente com o score Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), seguido da elastografia hepática transitória (Vibration-controlled Transient Elastography - VCTE), principalmente para aqueles com FIB4> 1,3. No entanto, a interpretação dos resultados do VCTE em pacientes obesos necessita de mais estudos para delimitar os reais valores de cortes. O Enhanced Liver Fibrosis® (ELF®) mostra-se promissor, mas sua disponibilidade é limitada. A indicação da biópsia hepática durante a cirurgia, precisa ser individualizada, porém é recomendada para aqueles com alteração do FIB4 e/ou da VCTE. O rastreio familiar é recomendado para parentes de pacientes jovens já com fibrose avançada. O transplante hepático é uma opção para pacientes com MASLD avançada, mas o momento ideal para a cirurgia bariátrica em relação ao transplante ainda não está claro. O acompanhamento regular e o exame VCTE são recomendados para monitorar a progressão da doença após a cirurgia.

Introduction: Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease in the world and has recently been renamed to emphasize its metabolic component. This article seeks to fill the gap in specific guidelines for patients with obesity and MASLD who will undergo bariatric surgery. Methods: A systematic search for guidelines was carried out on the PubMed and Embase platforms. Results: Were found 544 articles, of which 11 were selected according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. All 11 guidelines are from clinical societies and therefore do not include some necessary interpretations for bariatric patients. Conclusions: We recommend that every patient undergoing bariatric and metabolic surgery be screened initially with the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, followed by transient hepatic elastography (Vibration-controlled Transient Elastography - VCTE), especially for those with FIB4 > 1.3. However, the interpretation of VCTE results in obese patients requires further studies to define the real cutoff values. Enhanced Liver Fibrosis® (ELF®) shows promise, but its availability is limited. The indication for liver biopsy during surgery needs to be individualized but is recommended for those with changes in FIB4 and/or VCTE. Family screening is recommended for relatives of young patients with advanced fibrosis. Liver transplantation is an option for patients with advanced MASLD, but the optimal timing for bariatric surgery in relation to transplantation is still unclear. Regular follow-up and VCTE examination are recommended to monitor disease progression after surgery.  

ABSTRACT Introduction Our society’s characteristics, with their constant evolution and globalization, have shown a significant impact on the way jobs have been structured over the years, with one of the most highlighted aspects being the possibility of practicing telecommuting. The prevalence of telecommuting and other forms of remote work enabled by technological innovations has increased in recent years. Objectives Exploring the most recently published literature on telecommuting; examining its relationship with psychosocial risk factors and making inferences about the need for the implementation and improvement of policies aimed at promoting mental health in occupational settings, with a focus on preventing psychosocial risks. Methodology Integrative literature review using the terms "teleworking," "remote work," "telework," "telecommuting," "psychosocial risks," "mental health," and "occupational health" in both Portuguese and English. The primary databases used for the research included Pubmed, UpToDate, Clinical Key, Medscape, World Health Organization, International Labour Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional” and “Direção Geral de Saúde”. A total of 24 documents with the highest relevance to the study’s theme were selected, published between 2010 and 2023. Discussion Psychosocial risks in telecommuting are undergoing constant changes and align with demographic, nature, content and organization. These changes may increase exposure to already recognized psychosocial risks or give rise to new emergent ones. The widespread and unexpected adoption of telecommuting due to COVID-19 with the simultaneous advancement of digitization processes have made telecommuting a more common practice. However, this mass adoption has increased instances of technological stress among workers, potentially leading to adverse consequences for mental health. While the widespread implementation of telecommuting aimed to protect workers from biological risks, it has, in various situations, increased social isolation, work-family conflicts, and a lack of social support, with negative consequences for the mental health of the working population. Conclusion The increasing of telecommuting in our society is leading to assess the psychosocial risk factors that arise with it, so that they are recognized by occupational health experts and intervened upon, thus ensuring that telecommuting becomes healthier.

RESUMO Introdução As sociedades atuais e a sua constante evolução e globalização, têm demonstrado um impacto significativo na forma como se estruturam os postos de trabalho ao longo dos anos, nos quais, mais recentemente e com maior tradução mediática, se destaca a possibilidade de praticar teletrabalho, potenciada pela inovação tecnológica. Objetivos Conhecer a literatura mais recentemente publicada acerca do teletrabalho; bem como a sua relação com fatores de risco de origem psicossocial e inferir sobre a necessidade de implementação e aperfeiçoamento de políticas voltadas para promoção da saúde mental em contexto ocupacional, com enfoque na prevenção dos riscos psicossociais. Metodologia Revisão da literatura integrativa com os termos “teleworking”, “remote work”, “telework”, “telecommuting”, “psychosocial risks”, “mental health” e “occupational health”, em português e em inglês. Foram utilizadas como principais bases de dados a Pubmed, UpToDate, Clinical Key, Medscape, World Health Organization, International Labour Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, bem como a Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional e a Direção Geral de Saúde. Selecionaram-se os 24 documentos com maior relevância na temática em estudo, publicados entre 2010 e 2023. Discussão As fontes de riscos psicossociais do teletrabalho encontram-se em constante mudança e acompanham as alterações demográficas e da organização. A prática de teletrabalho parece ser uma oferta cada vez mais comum, a sua adoção em larga escala e inesperada devido à COVID-19 e coligada ao enorme avanço dos processos de digitalização, aumentaram as situações de stress tecnológico entre os trabalhadores, com possíveis consequências adversas para a saúde mental. Esta massificação do Teletrabalho, embora com o intuito de proteger os trabalhadores relativamente a um risco biológico aumentou, em diversas situações, o isolamento social, os conflitos trabalho-família e a falta de suporte social, com consequências negativas na saúde mental da população ativa. Conclusão Com o aumento deste tipo de trabalho emerge a necessidade de avaliar os fatores de risco psicossociais que surgem em conformidade, para que estes sejam reconhecidos pelos peritos em saúde ocupacional e intervencionados, assegurando assim que o teletrabalho se torna mais saudável.