Resumo A relevância da investigação sobre a especificidade da composição ucraniana para piano, tanto a solo como em conjunto, é predefinida pela sua procura na sociedade moderna, bem como pelo conteúdo e significado desta esfera da arte musical. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar e elucidar de forma abrangente os meandros do fenómeno em análise, reconhecendo-o como um sistema multifacetado e intrincado. Para atingir o objetivo acima referido, foram utilizados os seguintes métodos: histórico, culturológico, análise, estruturação, síntese, caraterização comparativa e sistematização. A investigação analisa a complexidade do fenómeno. O estudo examinou vários componentes do fenómeno, nomeadamente os principais componentes da fundação da execução de piano na Ucrânia, os sectores de implementação do pianismo e a natureza do seu impacto sobre eles, a modernização das direcções da vida social sob a influência da música, a arte e a execução de piano ucraniano em diferentes épocas históricas, elementos da arte da execução de piano, funções de software na esfera do pianismo moderno. Os resultados da investigação iluminam os processos de integração da arte do piano nacional académico ucraniano na cultura criativa e performativa profissional mundial, bem como a singularidade da música ucraniana, que incorporou realizações estilísticas e técnicas do classicismo, do romantismo, das direcções do século XX e da modernidade, com base nas origens étnicas coloridas originais. O significado prático do estudo proposto consiste no facto de os seus materiais poderem ser utilizados nas actividades de concerto dos pianistas, na compilação de programas educativos de escolas de música secundárias e superiores em execução de piano, bem como na implementação de projectos de investigação destinados a encontrar descobertas no campo do pianismo, a sua especificidade, manifestada em diferentes áreas.

Abstract The research relevance on the specificity of Ukrainian piano composition, both solo and ensemble, is predefined by its demand for modern society, as well as in the content and significance of this sphere of musical art. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively investigate and elucidate the intricacies of the phenomenon under examination, recognizing it as a multifaceted and intricate system. To achieve the above objective, the following methods were used: historical, culturological, analysis, structuring, synthesis, comparative characterization, and systematization. The research analyses the complexity of the phenomenon. The study examined several components of the phenomenon, namely the leading components of the foundation of piano performance in Ukraine, the sectors of pianism implementation and the nature of its impact on them, the modernisation of social life directions under the influence of music, Ukrainian piano art and performance in different historical eras, elements of the art of piano performance, software functions in the sphere of modern pianism. The research results illuminate processes of Ukrainian academic national piano art integration into world professional creative and performing culture as well as the uniqueness of Ukrainian music which embodied stylistic and technical achievements of classicism, romanticism, directions of the twentieth century and modernity on the ground of original colourful ethnic origins. The practical significance of the proposed study consists in the fact that its materials can be used in the concert activities of pianists, in compiling educational programs of secondary and higher music schools in piano performance, as well as in the implementation of research projects aimed at finding discoveries in the field of pianism, its specificity, manifested in different areas.

Abstract In Mexico, during the early 19th century, there was a profuse translation activity of texts from Western Literature’s canon. Translators often didn’t have contact with the works in their original language and relied on the Spanish or French translations. However, the Spanish re-adaptation of the texts, carried out by the Mexican literati, brought awareness to the fact that, many times, the translations imported from Europe did not adequately address the aesthetic, semantic, and cultural dimensions of the original works, nor the local context. In this regard, re-translation opened the door for a new conception of these exercises: a practice of political and social empowerment. The article explores two anonymous translations of poems written by Lord Byron, the best-known English Romantic poet of the time, to discuss the relationship between translation, national literature, and the periodical press in the first part of the Mexican 19th century.

Resumen En México, a principios del siglo XIX, se llevó a cabo una importante actividad de traducción de textos pertenecientes al canon de la literatura mundial occidental. En numerosas ocasiones dicha actividad se realizó sin el conocimiento de la lengua original, a través de traducciones españolas o francesas. No obstante, la readaptación al castellano de esos mismos textos, por parte de los mexicanos, supuso la percepción de que algunas de las traducciones importadas desde Europa no atendían adecuadamente las dimensiones estética, semántica o cultural de las obras originales, ni al contexto local. De tal suerte, la re-traducción abría la puerta a la concepción de estos ejercicios como una práctica de empoderamiento político y social. Este artículo explora dos traducciones anónimas de versos de Lord Byron, el poeta romántico inglés mejor conocido en la época, para discutir la relación entre traducción, literatura nacional y prensa periódica en la primera parte del siglo XIX mexicano.

Resumen: El interés de B. F. Skinner por el arte puede ser observado en diferentes publicaciones, especialmente en el libro Walden two (1948). El autor plantea en esta obra las producciones artísticas fundamentales para el establecimiento de un entorno social igualitario y feliz, mencionando, en consecuencia, una pluralidad de obras de arte. Dada la relevancia teórico-científica del libro, así como su diversidad artística, este artículo busco comprender el arte descrito en Walden two desde las corrientes artísticas tradicionales del clasicismo y el romanticismo. Los extractos del libro que mencionaban palabras clave asociadas con el arte se recopilaron en tablas y se analizaron de acuerdo con los atributos clásicos y románticos descritos por textos especializados. Se identificaron seis modalidades artísticas principales en la ficción skinneriana (literatura, teatro, música, artes plásticas, arquitectura y moda), que presentan similitudes con el racionalismo clásico y el sentimentalismo romántico, así como otras características que las diferencian de estas vertientes. Así, se concluye que el arte de Walden two se sitúa en un pluralismo artístico, lo que destaca la posibilidad de que el conductismo radical sea interpretado como una filosofía del arte. Resumen B F publicaciones 1948. 1948 . (1948) feliz mencionando consecuencia teóricocientífica teórico científica artística romanticismo especializados literatura, literatura (literatura teatro música plásticas moda, moda , moda) romántico vertientes Así artístico 194 (1948 19 (194 1 (19 (1 (

Abstract: B. F. Skinner’s interest in artistic productions can be seen in different publications, with the book Walden two (1948) standing out. In it, Skinner considers the artistic production for establishing an equalitarian and happy social environment, mentioning, thus, an array of artworks. Given the theoretical-scientific relevance of the book, as well as its artistic diversity, this article aimed understand the artworks described in Walden two based on a classic and romantic traditional artistic styles. Excerpts of the book that mentioned keywords related to art were researched and compiled in tables and analyzed according to classical and romantic attributes, described by specialized texts. Six main artistic categories were identified in Skinnerian fiction (literature, theater, music, visual arts, architecture, and fashion), that show similar characteristics to classic rationalism and romantic sentimentalism, as well as other characteristics that differentiate them from these strands. In conclusion, the art on Walden two exists in a state of artistic pluralism, which also highlights the possibility of radical behaviorism being interpreted as a philosophy of art. Abstract B F Skinners s publications 1948 (1948 out it environment mentioning thus theoreticalscientific theoretical scientific diversity styles attributes texts literature, literature (literature theater music arts architecture fashion, fashion , fashion) sentimentalism strands conclusion pluralism 194 (194 19 (19 1 (1 (

Resumo: O interesse de B. F. Skinner pela arte pode ser observado em diferentes publicações, com destaque para o livro Walden two (1948). Nele, Skinner considera as produções artísticas fundamentais para o estabelecimento de um ambiente social igualitário e feliz, mencionando, por consequência, uma pluralidade de obras de arte. Dada a relevância teórico-científica do livro, bem como sua diversidade artística, este artigo buscou compreender a arte descrita em Walden two com base nas vertentes artísticas tradicionais do classicismo e do romantismo. Trechos do livro que mencionavam palavras-chave associadas à arte foram compilados em tabelas e analisados de acordo com atributos clássicos e românticos, descritos por textos especializados. Foram identificadas seis principais modalidades artísticas na ficção skinneriana (literatura, teatro, música, artes plásticas, arquitetura e moda), que apresentam similaridades com o racionalismo clássico e o sentimentalismo romântico, bem como outras características que as diferenciam dessas vertentes. Conclui-se, assim, que a arte de Walden two está situada em um pluralismo artístico, que também indica a possibilidade de o comportamentalismo radical ser interpretado como uma filosofia da arte. Resumo B F publicações 1948. 1948 . (1948) Nele feliz mencionando consequência teóricocientífica teórico científica artística romantismo palavraschave palavras chave românticos especializados literatura, literatura (literatura teatro música plásticas moda, moda , moda) romântico Concluise, Concluise Conclui se, se Conclui-se assim artístico 194 (1948 19 (194 1 (19 (1 (

Abstract: The present work had the purpose of defining the category of "political romanticism" developed by the German philosopher Carl Schmitt, applying its meaning of "romantic politics" to the case of the Chilean political poet Guillermo Matta Goyenechea (1829-1889). Through the terms stories such as imagination, cosmic language, moral progress, democracy, among others, this poet-politician articulated his social discourse during the period from 1853 to 1858, as elements of dispute with the ruling power under the intention of reforming the chilean society of his time.

Resumen: El siguiente trabajo pretende analizar la categoría de “romanticismo político” desarrollada por el filósofo alemán Carl Schmitt, aplicando su acepción de “política romántica” al caso del poeta-político chileno Guillermo Matta Goyenechea (1829-1889). Por medio de términos tales como imaginación, lenguaje cósmico, progreso moral, democracia, entre otros, este poeta-político articuló su discurso social durante el periodo de 1853 a 1858, como elementos de disputa con el poder regente bajo la intención de reformar la sociedad chilena de su época.

RESUMO O artigo mergulha nos trabalhos de Talcott Parsons para realçar a ligação entre sua visão de Estados Unidos, sua teoria do conflito social e sua hipótese sobre a relevância do romantismo para a tradição cultural do ocidente. Do O Sistema Social ao Sociedade americana, rastreia a resposta de Parsons os desafios políticos e intelectuais apresentados pela ascensão da contracultura.

ABSTRACT The article delves into the works of Talcott Parsons in order to highlight the link between his views on the United States, his theory of social conflict and his hypothesis on Romanticism’s significance for Western cultural tradition. From The Social System to American Society, it tracks Parsons’ response to the political and intellectual challenges raised by the ascendance of the counterculture.

RESUMEN El artículo visita la obra de Talcott Parsons para destacar el vínculo entre su mirada sobre Estados Unidos, su teoría del conflicto social y su hipótesis sobre la relevancia del romanticismo para la tradición cultural de Occidente. En el trayecto que une El sistema social con Sociedad americana, rastrea la respuesta de Parsons a los desafíos políticos e intelectuales que supuso el ascenso de la contracultura.

Resumo A presença do elemento espacial na reflexão de Henri Lefebvre não é mero resultado do trabalho de tradução e adaptação do pensamento crítico desenvolvido até o seu tempo. A compreensão de que nem mesmo a mais elevada expressão da tradição crítica havia notado suficientemente essa dimensão crucial da vida é um dos pontos de ligação entre o avanço teórico representado pela orientação espacial da crítica e o esforço de renovação do horizonte utópico. Uma assimilação muito particular do trabalho de juventude de Marx e a proximidade com o romantismo revolucionário, sobretudo de extração nietzschiana, tiveram impacto decisivo na concepção lefebvriana. A prática, o corpo, o gozo e os instintos, recobrando lugar na imaginação social crítica, se tornam a base da refundação de um programa teórico-prático que envolve a formulação da noção de direito à cidade. A perspectiva da apropriação substitui, assim, os vagos enunciados emancipatórios das filosofias do sujeito.

Abstract The presence of the spatial element in the reflections of Henri Lefebvre does not merely result from work involving the translation and adaptation of critical thinking developed up until his time. The realization that not even the highest expression of the critical tradition had sufficiently noticed this crucial dimension of life was one of the connecting points between theoretical advance, represented by the spatial orientation of critique, and the effort to renew the utopian horizon. A very distinct assimilation of the early work of Marx and the proximity to revolutionary romanticism, particularly of Nietzschean extraction, rendered a decisive impact on Lefebvrian conception. Practice, body, pleasure and instincts, recovering their place in the critical social imagination, went on to become the basis for the re-foundation of a theoretical-practical program that involved the formulation of the notion of the right to the city. The perspective of appropriation thus replaced the vague emancipatory statements of the subject's philosophies.

This article aims at analysing Baileo as a peace model for Christian and Muslim communities from the gandong countries in Maluku. The countries include Hutumuri (Christian), Christian Sirisori, Islamic Sirisori and Tamilou (Islam). Baileo as a peace model was lost during the 1999 social conflict in Maluku. Baileo (bale) is a place to discuss problems and a place for implementation of customary rituals in the country, whilst gandong is a relationship between two or more countries based on blood or hereditary relations. The approaches used are cultural anthropology and functional theology. This research study uses a qualitative research method with observation and interview techniques for data collection and Appreciative Inquiry (AI) model for data analysis. As shown in the Results and Discussion section, firstly, Baileo is a place to create solidarity between Christian and Muslim communities because of the gandong ties between them, which were very good before the conflict; secondly, the local traditions of Baileo and gandong have become a meeting point for Christian and Muslim communities because Baileo has sacred values, and gandong has mutual care and protection values as an implementation of ancestral promise; thirdly, reviving the fraternal solidarity of Christian and Muslim communities based on collective memory through shared awareness, cultural romanticism and retelling; and fourthly, the implementation of the traditional ritual of the inauguration of Raja Hutumuri in Baileo as a manifestation of peace for Christian and Muslim communities in Maluku because of the absence of mutual suspicion and equality between Christianity and Muslims. CONTRIBUTION: The contribution of this study is that local culture, in this case Baileo, is very relevant for solutions or a common ground for resolving socio-religious conflicts at local, national and global levels. Thus, it needs to be developed continuously.

Abstract This article investigates the uses/gestures of affect and the dynamics of the “emotional community” (Rosenwein) in forty letters -included in the Archivo del Dr. Juan María Gutiérrez- written by some of the Romantic intellectuals from the known “Generación de 1837” during their exiles (1837-1852). Taking into account some theoretical notions from the so-called “affective turn” (Ahmed, Rosenwein, Arfuch, Macón, Peluffo), and considering as well the concept of intellectual net (Maíz, Fernández Bravo), this paper analyzes which sentiments have become prestigious within this group and which roles, within a dynamic and systemic notion of the “emotional community”, have been occupied by these members. The construction of certain homo-erotic alliances, the expression of nostalgia as something aesthetic, and the reciprocal control among these intellectuals are some of the recurrences that can be read in these pieces of intimate but social writing. Although composed by famous Romantic writers from this period (such as Juan María Gutiérrez, Esteban Echeverría, José Mármol, Domingo F. Sarmiento), these letters have received only few critical readings so far.

Resumen Este artículo indaga los usos/gestos del afecto y la dinámica de la “comunidad emocional” (Rosenwein) generada entre algunos de los intelectuales románticos de la Generación de 1837 en un corpus de cuarenta cartas que se intercambiaron durante su exilio (1837 a 1852), incluidas en el Archivo del Dr. Juan María Gutiérrez). A partir de algunas nociones del llamado “giro afectivo” (Ahmed, Rosenwein, Arfuch, Macón, Peluffo) y teniendo en cuenta el concepto de redes intelectuales (Maíz, Fernández Bravo), este artículo analiza el prestigio que van adquiriendo determinados sentimientos y las posiciones diferenciales que cada intelectual va ocupando dentro del grupo. La construcción de alianzas homosentimentales, la estetización del dolor del exilio, el recíproco control y estímulo literario son algunas de las recurrencias en este corpus de escrituras privadas pero sociales que, aunque de narradores célebres (Juan María Gutiérrez, Esteban Echeverría, José Mármol, Domingo F. Sarmiento), permanecen aún hoy poco transitadas.

Resumen La intención de esta investigación radica en hacer un aporte en la discusión filosófica sobre los efectos de la inclusión de conceptos estéticos en la actividad política. Se expondrá la concepción ontológica de la imaginación de Castoriadis y se presentará la crítica de Schmitt al romanticismo, para comparar los efectos de la estetización de la acción política en los autores. El trabajo en su conjunto pretende servirse de esta comparación para dilucidar un problema más amplio: el de las ventajas y desventajas de la estetización de la acción política en las sociedades modernas.

Abstract The intention of this paper lies in contributing to the philosophical discussion regarding the effects of including aesthetic concepts into political activity. Castoriadis' ontological conception of imagination will be exposed and Schmitt's critique of romanticism will be presented, in order to compare the effects of the aestheticization of political action in the authors. The paper as a whole pretends to take advantage of this comparison to elucidate a broader issue: that of the advantages and disadvantages of the aestheticization of political action in modern societies.

Abstract: Under what categories should criticism be made of a literary work that at the same time is a complaint against ethics? This was the problem that provoked so many discussions after the publication of Friedrich Schlegel’s novel, Lucinde, which became an important reference of the romantic movement. In this article, Kierkegaard’s critique of Lucinde is presented from two perspectives: first, the ironic nature of the novel as a social criticism, especially referring to social customs around love and marriage; second, the reflections of the Danish philosopher on the aesthetic personality of Julius, the main protagonist of the novel, to address the existential identity that Schlegel gives him throughout the work.

Resumen: ¿Bajo qué categorías debe hacerse la crítica de una obra literaria que al mismo tiempo es una querella contra la ética? Éste fue el problema que suscitó tantas discusiones con la aparición de la novela Lucinde de Friedrich Schlegel, la cual se convirtió en un importante referente del movimiento romántico. En este artículo se presenta la crítica de Kierkegaard a Lucinde desde dos perspectivas: en primer lugar, a través del carácter irónico de la novela como crítica social, especialmente referida a las costumbres sociales en torno al amor y el matrimonio; en segundo lugar, las reflexiones del filósofo danés sobre la personalidad estética de Julius, el protagonista principal de la novela, lo que le permite analizar la identidad existencial que Schlegel le imprime a lo largo de la obra.

Resumo Há uma produção cultural germano-judaica do início do século XX que se encontra em tensão dinâmica entre elementos espirituais e material, sagrado e secular, para além das habituais dicotomias estáticas. Vários pensadores importantes de origem judaica dessa fase têm buscado recuperar o sentido espiritual e sua interação direta com as questões do profano. Sob diferentes formas eles desenvolveram um processo de secularização e sacralização simultânea, numa espécie de combinação “dialética” de ambas. A primeira característica comum desses autores é o seu profundo apego à cultura romântica alemã, com sua ambivalência em relação à modernidade, e sua tentativa desesperada de reencantar o mundo através de um retorno às formas espirituais do passado. Este artigo procura demonstrar essas relações através das obras de juventude de Eric Fromm.

Abstract There exists a German-Jewish cultural discourse from the early 20th century that stands in dynamic tension between spiritual and material, sacred and secular, beyond the usual static dichotomies. Several key Jewish thinkers have sought to recover spiritual meaning, in direct interaction with the profane. Under different ways they developed a process of simultaneous secularization and sacralization, in a sort of “dialectic” combination of both. The first common characteristic of these authors is their deep attachment to the German romantic culture, with its ambivalence towards modernity, and its desperate attempt at re-enchanting the world through a return to past spiritual forms. This article will demonstrate these relationships through the work of young Eric Fromm.

ABSTRACT This article deals with the ideology of medical professionals in order to understand the meanings attributed to their profession, taking Thompson’s theory as a starting point and centering on the categories of autonomy, norms and values, and social recognition. Twenty-four semi-structured interviews were conducted with medical professionals in Amecameca, a municipality in the State of Mexico, from March to October 2019, in four sectors of service provision: public institutional, private institutional, private practice, and mixed practice. The analysis of meanings expressed by medical professionals with respect to each category of interest reveals that medical professionals are conditioned by the structure of state control and by the commodified economy, where private forms of medical practice are more highly regarded. In the ideological conformation of the medical profession, there remains a practical component imbued with a liberal romanticism in an extinct scenario that still exists today, without being articulated to more general social processes.

RESUMEN Se aborda la ideología de las y los profesionales de la medicina, desde la teoría de Thompson, para entender los significados de la profesión médica, a partir de las categorías: autonomía, normas y valores, y reconocimiento social. Se realizaron 24 entrevistas semiestructuradas a profesionales de la medicina en cuatro ámbitos de trabajo: institucional público, institucional privado, ejercicio privado y ejercicio mixto, en Amecameca, municipio del Estado de México, en el período comprendido de marzo a octubre de 2019. El análisis de los significados expresados por las y los profesionales de la medicina en cada una de las categorías de interés muestra una base condicionada por la estructura del control estatal y por la economía mercantilizada, que valora con mayor significación formas de práctica médica privada. En la conformación ideológica de la profesión médica subsiste un componente práctico inmerso en un romanticismo liberal en un escenario casi extinto que subsiste en la actualidad, sin articularlo a los procesos sociales más generales.

ABSTRACT This article deals with the ideology of medical professionals in order to understand the meanings attributed to their profession, taking Thompson’s theory as a starting point and centering on the categories of autonomy, norms and values, and social recognition. Twenty-four semi-structured interviews were conducted with medical professionals in Amecameca, a municipality in the State of Mexico, from March to October 2019, in four sectors of service provision: public institutional, private institutional, private practice, and mixed practice. The analysis of meanings expressed by medical professionals with respect to each category of interest reveals that medical professionals are conditioned by the structure of state control and by the commodified economy, where private forms of medical practice are more highly regarded. In the ideological conformation of the medical profession, there remains a practical component imbued with a liberal romanticism in an extinct scenario that still exists today, without being articulated to more general social processes.

RESUMEN Se aborda la ideología de las y los profesionales de la medicina, desde la teoría de Thompson, para entender los significados de la profesión médica, a partir de las categorías: autonomía, normas y valores, y reconocimiento social. Se realizaron 24 entrevistas semiestructuradas a profesionales de la medicina en cuatro ámbitos de trabajo: institucional público, institucional privado, ejercicio privado y ejercicio mixto, en Amecameca, municipio del Estado de México, en el período comprendido de marzo a octubre de 2019. El análisis de los significados expresados por las y los profesionales de la medicina en cada una de las categorías de interés muestra una base condicionada por la estructura del control estatal y por la economía mercantilizada, que valora con mayor significación formas de práctica médica privada. En la conformación ideológica de la profesión médica subsiste un componente práctico inmerso en un romanticismo liberal en un escenario casi extinto que subsiste en la actualidad, sin articularlo a los procesos sociales más generales.

Resumo O presente artigo procura, em novo gesto crítico fundamentado na teoria das cenografias autorais desenvolvida por José-Luis Diaz, investigar na polêmica sobre as Cartas sobre A Confederação dos Tamoios - uns dos momentos definitivos para a dinamização do campo literário brasileiro - as implicações no plano das autorrepresentações autorais, a função exercida pela circulação de imaginários sociais e o papel do romantismo francês na composição da cenografia autoral de José de Alencar delineada a partir da polêmica.

Abstract With a new critical gaze based on the theory of auctorial scenographies developed by José-Luis Diaz, this article seeks to investigate the polemic about the Cartas sobre a Confederação dos Tamoios - one of the definitive moments for the dynamization of the Brazilian literary field. The paper will analyze the implications for auctorial self-representations, the role played by the circulation of social imaginaries, and the role of French romanticism in the composition of José de Alencar’s auctorial scenography outlined in the controversy.

Résumé Partant d’un nouveau geste critique fondé sur la théorie des scénographies auctoriales de José-Luis Diaz, le présent article examine la polémique qui entoure les Cartas sobre A Confederação dos Tamoios, un des moments charnières de la dynamisation du champ littéraire brésilien. Il met en évidence les implications sur le plan des autoreprésentations auctoriales, la fonction exercée par la circulation des imaginaires sociales et le rôle du romantisme français dans la composition de la scénographie auctoriale de José de Alencar produite à partir de la polémique.

Abstract: Liberationist Christianity emerged in the sixties, accompanied revolutionary movements and dependency theories in its critique of developmentalism and taking a clear stand in the “liberation or dependence” contradiction. Afterwards, the dictatorships of the seventies and the post-dictatorial reconstruction processes of the eighties reformulated the terms of discussion, particularly in the Southern Cone. There was no longer talk of revolution, but of democracy and new social movements. Liberationist Christianity, analyzed here through the pages of the Alternativa Latinoamericana magazine (1985-1990), also engaged in this new scenario. However, the Christian nature of its critique had a role in the way in which these debates were raised, questioning the cultural aims of the modernization processes, the protest against the colonization of life by capitalism and the vindication of miscegenation.

Resumen: El cristianismo liberacionista surgió en los años sesenta, acompañando movimientos revolucionarios y teorías de la dependencia en su crítica al desarrollismo. Las dictaduras de los setenta y los procesos de reconstrucción posdictatorial de los ochenta reformularon los términos de la discusión, particularmente en el cono sur. Ya no se hablaba de revolución, sino de democracia y de nuevos movimientos sociales. El cristianismo liberacionista, analizado aquí en las páginas de la revista Alternativa Latinoamericana (1985-1990), tuvo también su participación en este escenario. La peculiaridad del pensamiento cristiano desempeñó un papel singular en el planteamiento de estos debates, al determinar el cuestionamiento a los fines culturales de los procesos modernizadores, la protesta contra la colonización de la vida por el capitalismo y la reivindicación del mestizaje.