ABSTRACT: ASD typically exhibit atypical development: alterations in executive brain functions such as social interaction, verbal and non-verbal communication, behavior, activities, and interests. Pediatric dentistry specialists may understand the background of these individuals' characteristics and be aware of existing tools to provide quality dental care tailored to their needs. The aim of this study is to identify psychoeducational strategies that facilitate adaptation to the dental environment and the application of preventive dentistry for children and adolescents with ASD. A systematic narrative review was conducted with searches in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Wiley databases for articles published between 2015 and 2023. From a preliminary total, after applying appropriate filters, 19 articles were selected for this review. These interventions include Visual Pedagogy, pictograms, images, technology such as tablets and digital images, visual stories, SADE, PECS, and Sensory Therapy. Treatment with any of these aforementioned facilitative techniques is lengthy and requires multiple sessions both in the dental office and in brushing technique instruction to achieve success. There is a clear need for intersectoral collaboration between health and education sectors, particularly in preventive dentistry, to achieve cost-effective care, whether for the state or caregivers themselves, thereby avoiding costly and risky procedures like general anesthesia.

RESUMEN: Actualmente Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) no se define como un solo trastorno, sino un conjunto de estos. Estos individuos tienen un desarrollo atípico: alteraciones en las funciones cerebrales ejecutivas como en la interacción social, comunicación verbal-no verbal y la conducta, actividades e intereses. El especialista en odontología pediátrica debe entender el trasfondo de las características de los individuos con este trastorno y conocer las herramientas existentes para proveer una atención odontológica de calidad adaptada a las necesidades de ellos. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las estrategias psicoeducativas facilitadoras de la adaptación del box dental y la aplicación de odontología preventiva en niños y adolescentes con TEA. Se realizó una revisión sistemática narrativa con una búsqueda en la base de datos Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science y Wiley, de artículos relacionados publicados entre los años 2015 y 2023. De un total preliminar, después de realizado los filtros correspondientes, se llegó a un total de 19 artículos seleccionados para esta revisión. Estas intervenciones incluyen Pedagogia Visual, pictogramas, imágenes, tecnología como tablets e imágenes digitales, historias visuales, SADE, PECS y terapia Sensorial. El tratamiento con cualquiera de las técnicas facilitadoras antes mencionadas son tratamientos largos que necesitan múltiples sesiones tanto en el box odontológico como en la instrucción de técnica de cepillado para lograr el éxito. Destaca la necesidad del trabajo intersectorial entre salud y educación, especialmente en el campo de la odontología preventiva, para lograr una atención menos costosa, ya sea para el Estado o para los propios cuidadores, evitando procedimientos riesgosos de elevado costo como es la atención bajo anestesia general.

Water scarcity is a global problem exacerbated by the ever-increasing population and climate change, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Different water resource management strategies, such as rainwater harvesting, have been proposed and implemented worldwide to combat water shortage. Mapping of the optimum sites where these rainwater harvesting structures can be constructed is very important. The main objective of this study was to map and identify, using GIS, optimum sites for the construction of rainwater harvesting structures (farm ponds, check dams and percolation ponds) for agricultural and peri-urban purposes in Eswatini. The optimum sites were identified by overlaying various thematic layers including land use and cover, slope, runoff potential, soil texture and depth and drainage density using ArcGIS 10.8. A general rainwater harvesting suitability map was produced for Eswatini, then potential sites for different rainwater harvesting structures were identified. The results of the study indicated that all three rainwater harvesting structures have suitable sites where they can be constructed. Check dams have potential sites which cover 22.7% of the suitable area in Eswatini, while farm pond and percolation pond sites covers 19.7% and 65%, respectively. Information on existing structures such as dams and earth dams for water storage may need to be gathered to verify the proposed sites of the rainwater harvesting structures. This study was able to identify new sites where structures can be constructed for rainwater harvesting which can improve water availability during dry seasons. Further evaluation may need to be done before implementation of these structures. Moreover, implementing this is subject to a number of other factors, such as the economy, feasibility studies as well as social implications. However, the results of this study will assist policy and decision makers in planning for potential sites for water storage as an adaptation to drought and climate change.

RESUMO Introdução: A cefaleia é uma perturbação neurológica comum e incapacitante, afetando cerca de 52% da população mundial anualmente, com maior prevalência em mulheres. Apesar da sua ubiquidade, o seu impacto na saúde pública é frequentemente subestimado, especialmente no contexto laboral. O trabalho por turnos emerge como um potencial fator de risco ocupacional, associado a uma maior prevalência de cefaleias inespecíficas e enxaquecas, bem como a um risco aumentado de enxaqueca crónica e maior incapacidade. O caso apresentado pretende destacar a importância de considerar os fatores ocupacionais na gestão das cefaleias, sugerindo que a mitigação dos desencadeantes laborais pode ser um complemento valioso à terapêutica farmacológica no tratamento desta condição. Caso clínico: Apresenta-se o caso de uma enfermeira de 27 anos com história de cefaleias desde os 16 anos, inicialmente bem controlada com ibuprofeno. Há um ano, verificou-se um agravamento significativo do quadro, com aumento da frequência e intensidade das crises, acompanhadas de sintomatologia neurovegetativa que afetavam o seu desempenho laboral. O acompanhamento em neurologia confirmou o agravamento, tendo os exames de imagem descartado alterações estruturais cerebrais que justificassem a condição. Apesar de múltiplas estratégias de terapêutica farmacológica, não obteve resposta clínica completamente satisfatória, pelo que solicitou apoio à medicina do trabalho para controlo dos desencadeantes laborais. Daqui resultou a atribuição de um horário de trabalho regular, com redução do trabalho noturno e horas suplementares. Três meses após a implementação destas medidas, observava-se uma redução na frequência das crises e diminuição do uso de medicação, assim como redução do absentismo laboral. Discussão/Conclusão: O caso clínico apresentado ilustra a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar na gestão dos casos de cefaleia com desencadeantes laborais. Estratégias como maior suporte social, controlo sobre tarefas laborais e espaços de trabalho adequados podem aumentar a produtividade dos trabalhadores afetados. No caso apresentado, a adaptação do horário de trabalho resultou numa redução da frequência e intensidade das crises, facto reforçado pela diminuição objetivada do absentismo laboral. Conclui-se que, além da terapêutica farmacológica, as modificações no estilo de vida e no ambiente de trabalho são essenciais para o controlo eficaz das cefaleias. Por fim, recomenda-se a realização de estudos mais amplos sobre intervenções ocupacionais e o desenvolvimento de protocolos específicos para a gestão desta condição nos locais de trabalho.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Headache is a common and disabling neurological disorder, affecting approximately 52% of the global population annually, with a higher prevalence in women. Despite its ubiquity, its impact on public health is often underestimated, especially in the workplace context. Shift work emerges as a potential occupational risk factor, associated with a higher prevalence of non-specific headaches and migraines, as well as an increased risk of chronic migraine and greater disability. The presented case aims to highlight the importance of considering occupational factors in headache management, suggesting that mitigating workplace triggers can be a valuable complement to pharmacological therapy in treating this condition. Case report: We present the case of a 27-year-old nurse with a history of headaches since the age of 16. Initially, her condition was well-controlled with ibuprofen. A year ago, a significant worsening of her condition was observed, with an increase in the frequency and intensity of episodes, accompanied by neurovegetative symptoms that affected her work performance. Neurological follow-up confirmed the worsening, and imaging tests ruled out structural brain changes that could explain the condition. Despite multiple pharmacological therapeutic strategies, a completely satisfactory clinical response was not achieved. As a result, she requested support from occupational medicine to control workplace triggers. This led to the assignment of a regular work schedule, with a reduction in night work and overtime hours. Three months after implementing these measures, a reduction in the frequency of episodes and decreased use of medication was observed, as well as a reduction in work absenteeism. Discussion/ Conclusion: The presented clinical case illustrates the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing headache cases with work-related triggers. Strategies such as increased social support, control over work tasks, and appropriate workspaces can increase the productivity of affected workers. In the presented case, the adaptation of the work schedule resulted in a reduction in the frequency and intensity of crises, a fact reinforced by the objectified decrease in workplace absenteeism. It is concluded that, in addition to pharmacological therapy, modifications in lifestyle and work environment are essential for effective headache control. Finally, it is recommended to conduct broader studies on occupational interventions and develop specific protocols for managing this condition in the workplace.

Abstract: This paper studies the effect of sexism experienced by Chilean female university students on psychological distress, self-efficacy and academic persistence, and explores the role of social support as a mediating mechanism of these effects. It is hypothesized that higher levels of experienced sexism will be related to higher levels of psychological distress, and lower levels of self-efficacy and academic persistence. It is also hypothesized that social support acts as a mediating variable in these relationships. An accidental sampling was carried out, consisting of 602 students from a private university in Santiago de Chile. The students answered a self-administered online questionnaire, composed by items from the Sexist Events Inventory, OQ-30.2 -Psychological Distress-, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the University Persistence Questionnaire. Regression analyzes and a bootstrap procedure were performed to explore the role of social support as a mediating variable. The results showed a positive relationship between experiences of sexism and psychological distress. It was found that social support acts as a mediator between these variables. No effect of sexism was found on self-efficacy or academic persistence. It is not possible to establish causality between the study variables. It is concluded that sexism experienced by students has negative repercussions on perceived social support and this, in turn, is negatively related to psychological distress. This could have an impact on the adaptation to the study context, the ability to generate connections and the feeling of belonging to the educational context of the students.

Resumen: Este trabajo estudia el efecto del sexismo experimentado por estudiantes universitarias chilenas en sus niveles de malestar psicológico, autoeficacia y persistencia académica y explora el rol del apoyo social como mecanismo mediador de estos efectos. Se hipotetiza que a mayor sexismo experimentado mayor es el malestar psicológico y menores los niveles de autoeficacia y persistencia académica. También se hipotetiza que el apoyo social actúa como variable mediadora de estas relaciones. Se realizó un muestreo accidental, compuesto 602 estudiantes de una universidad privada de Santiago de Chile. Las estudiantes contestaron un cuestionario autoadministrado online, compuesto por ítems del Inventario de Eventos Sexistas, OQ-30.2 -Malestar Psicológico-, Escala Multidimensional de Apoyo Social Percibido, Escala General de Autoeficacia, y el Cuestionario de Persistencia Universitaria. Se realizaron análisis de regresión y un procedimiento de bootstrap para explorar el rol del apoyo social como variable mediadora. Los resultados mostraron una relación positiva entre las experiencias de sexismo y el malestar psicológico, y se encontró que el apoyo social actúa como mediador entre estas variables. No se encontró un efecto del sexismo en la autoeficacia ni en la persistencia académica. Tampoco es posible establecer causalidad entre las variables de estudio. Se concluye que el sexismo experimentado por las estudiantes tiene repercusiones negativas en el apoyo social percibido y este, a su vez, se relaciona negativamente con el malestar psicológico. Esto podría repercutir en la adaptación al contexto de estudio, capacidad de generar vínculos y la sensación de pertenencia al contexto educativo de las estudiantes.

Resumen: Objetivo: Conocer las representaciones sociales de adolescentes escolares sobre paternidad y maternidad responsable. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo y exploratorio, realizado con 23 adolescentes escolares de entre 14 y 19 años, en un Instituto Federal de Educación en Brasil. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizó un guion de entrevista semiestructurada, aplicado entre septiembre y diciembre de 2022. Para el análisis de los datos, se empleó la técnica de análisis de contenido temático propuesta por Bardin. Resultados: Las representaciones sociales sobre la maternidad/paternidad responsable en la adolescencia revelaron reacciones y sentimientos negativos, como angustia, miedo, inseguridad e impreparación, ya que este fenómeno implica adaptación y renuncia. Por lo tanto, el estudio permite una colaboración entre profesionales de la salud, la escuela y las familias para apoyar a los adolescentes en la prevención del embarazo, enfrentar desafíos y optar por una paternidad/maternidad consciente y segura. Conclusiones: Es crucial una colaboración entre profesionales de la salud y la escuela para ofrecer espacios de apoyo, valoración y escucha en esta etapa, además de brindar una asistencia que promueva el pleno desarrollo de los adolescentes escolares.

Resumo: Objetivo: Conhecer as representações sociais de adolescentes escolares sobre paternidade e maternidade responsável. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e exploratório, realizado com 23 adolescentes escolares entre 14 e 19 anos, de um Instituto Federal de Educação, no Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada, aplicado entre setembro e dezembro de 2022. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se a técnica de conteúdo temática proposta por Bardin. Resultados: As representações sociais sobre a maternidade/paternidade responsável na adolescência revelaram reações e sentimentos negativos, como angústia, medo, insegurança e despreparo, pois este fenômeno acarreta adaptação e abdicação. Portanto, estudo possibilita a parceria entre profissionais de saúde, escola e familiares no apoio a adolescentes na prevenção da gestação, enfrentar desafios e optar por uma paternidade/maternidade consciente e segura. Conclusões: É crucial uma colaboração entre profissionais de saúde e escola para oferecer espaços de acolhimento, valorização e escuta nesta fase, além de uma assistência que promova o pleno desenvolvimento da(o)s adolescentes escolares.

Abstract: Objective: To understand the social representations of school-aged adolescents regarding responsible parenthood and motherhood. Methodology: This is a qualitative and exploratory study conducted with 23 school-aged adolescents, between 14 and 19 years old, from a Federal Institute of Education in Brazil. Data collection was carried out using a semi-structured interview guide, applied between September and December 2022. The thematic content analysis technique proposed by Bardin was used for data analysis. Results: Social representations of responsible parenthood/motherhood in adolescence revealed negative reactions and feelings, such as anxiety, fear, insecurity, and unpreparedness, as this phenomenon requires adaptation and sacrifice. Thus, the study enables collaboration between health professionals, schools, and families to support adolescents in preventing pregnancy, facing challenges, and opting for conscious and safe parenthood/motherhood. Conclusions: It is crucial to foster collaboration between health professionals and schools to provide spaces for support, recognition, and listening during this phase, in addition to offering care that promotes the full development of school-aged adolescents.

Adopting Artificial Intelligence for IT Operations (AIOps) holds transformative potential within Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in developing countries. This systematic literature review delves into the benefits, challenges, and emerging trends associated with AIOps integration in this context. The review encompasses studies published between 2013 and 2023, focusing on the academic, administrative, and operational dimensions of AIOps adoption. The synthesis of 12 selected studies reveals a landscape where AIOps augments pedagogical strategies, automates administrative tasks, and enhances institutional decision-making. Academic benefits manifest through personalised learning experiences, innovative pedagogical approaches, and predictive analytics for student success. However, the integration of AIOps is full of challenges. Technical hurdles encompass data quality and availability, compatibility, and resource constraints, requiring comprehensive technological foundations. Organisational and cultural challenges necessitate strategies to mitigate change resistance, provide staff training, and address ethical considerations. The review identifies emerging patterns such as collaborative learning environments, data-driven institutional management, and the moral integration of AI in education. The interplay of benefits and challenges underscores the importance of a holistic approach involving educators, technologists, administrators, and policymakers. The findings illuminate the potential for HEIs to harness AIOps's capabilities while navigating intricacies to foster an AI-enhanced educational landscape. The implications for HEIs encompass strategic investment in infrastructure, comprehensive staff training, and ethical frameworks for AI use. The article concludes by advocating for an adaptive approach to AIOps adoption, informed by the synthesis of benefits, challenges, and emerging trends, to shape the future of education in developing countries.

There is an interest in having the school history curriculum cover pressing and inter-related social issues: rising inequalities, even where there is a democracy, and the need to reduce poverty and confront climate change. These focus areas align with another interest among many history teachers: using statistics and data better to understand the past. Since around 1980 income inequalities have worsened after a couple of centuries of decline. This is a key reason why the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations prioritise greater equality. While measures of inequality warrant attention, quantitative and qualitative knowledge about the more normative concept of poverty is arguably easier for secondary school history students to grasp. Remarkable declines in poverty since the Industrial Revolution should be understood against the enormous environmental cost of industrialisation. Moreover, in terms of the increasingly used concept of "atmospheric colonisation", colonising countries have been inordinately large contributors to changes in the earth's atmosphere, changes that drive climate change and are likely to worsen poverty. Students need to understand these complexities, in part so they can form opinions around a fair sharing of the burdens of emissions reduction and adaptation to a changing climate. Such matters will become increasingly important when voters must choose between parties in national elections. There are clear implications for history curricula, which are only beginning to receive attention. While the article should be of interest to history teachers anywhere, specific content recommendations are made in terms of the South African secondary school curriculum.

Resumen Introducción: El aumento en el uso de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, internet y redes so-ciales ha dado lugar a cambios significativos en la forma en que las personas se comunican, lo que conlleva consecuencias negativas que pueden comprometer la salud psicológica y física. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar una adaptación y validación de la Escala General de Phubbing en una población española. Método: Trescientos cuarenta y seis participantes españoles participaron en el estudio completando medidas de autoinforme para evaluar sus niveles de phubbing, adicción a Internet, adicción al teléfono y Fear of Missing Out (FoMO). Resultados: La adaptación de la escala al español resultó en propiedades psicométricas de alta calidad y preservación del número original de ítems y la estructura (nomofobia, con-tacto interpersonal, autoaislamiento y reconocimiento del problema). Además, el análisis de la relación entre las variables mostró que el phubbing y sus dimensiones estaban positivamente asociados con constructos relacionados, incluyendo la adicción a internet, adicción al teléfono y FoMO. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos proporcionan evidencia empírica sobre la fiabilidad y validez de la versión en español de la Escala General de Phubbing como una herramienta para evaluar compor-tamientos de phubbing.

Abstract Introduction: The increased use of information and communication technologies, the internet and social networking sites has resulted in significant changes in the way people communicate, leading to negative consequences that might compromise psychological and physical health. The aim of this study was to present an adaptation and validation of the Generic Scale of Phubbing into a Spanish language context. Method: Three hundred forty-six Spanish respondents participated in the study by completing self-report measures for assessing their levels of phubbing, internet addiction, phone addiction, and fear of missing out (FoMO). Results: The scale adaptation to Spanish resulted in high quality psycho-metric properties and the original number of items and structure were preserved (nomophobia, interpersonal contact, self-isolation, and problem acknowledgement). In addition, the analysis of the relationship between variables showed that phubbing and its dimensions were positively associated with related constructs including internet addiction, phone ad-diction, and FoMO. Conclusions: The findings provide empirical evidence regarding the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Generic Scale of Phubbing as a tool to assess phubbing behaviours.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este articulo es analizar las encrucijadas jurídicas respecto de la interpretación de la prescripción establecida en el literal d del articulo 83 del Decreto Ley 2811 de 1974, que establece la prohibición de adjudicación de tierras baldías al interior de las rondas hídricas. Desde hace 50 años en el ordenamiento se encuentra vigente la prohibición de apropiación de terrenos baldíos cuando estuvieren localizados dentro de las fajas de terreno conocidas como rondas hídricas, sin embargo, en las tierras rurales por la falta de una política de monitoreo y protección del recurso hídrico, esta figura ha tenido poca efectividad. Debido a la actualización de las políticas de gestión del recurso hídrico y el impulso de la reforma rural integral, ha adquirido notoriedad la reglamentación y aplicación de la referida norma: las autoridades ambientales y la autoridad de tierras han ampliado su estrategia de intervención para acotar dichas fajas. Sin embargo, resulta necesario revisar los fundamentos de la prohibición de adjudicación de baldíos en esta clase de zonas y superar las interpretaciones que han realizado algunas autoridades que obstaculizan el reconocimiento efectivo de derechos a campesinos que históricamente han habitado las riberas de ríos y lagos, y cuya participación en la gestión del territorial y adaptación al cambio climático puede ser una pieza clave en los procesos de reconciliación ambiental y social.

ABSTRACT The objective of this article is to analyze legal crossroads regarding the interpretation of the prescription established in literal d of article 83 of Decree-Law 2811 of 1974which prohibits the allocation of vacant lands within water circuits. For 50 years, the prohibition of appropriation of vacant lands has been in force in the ordinance when they are located within the strips of land known as water rings; however, in rural lands, due to the lack of a monitoring and protection policy. of water resources, this figure has had little effectiveness. Due to the updating of water resource management policies and the promotion of comprehensive rural reform, the regulation and application of the standard has gained notoriety: the environmental authorities and the land authority have expanded their intervention strategies to limit these areas. However, it is necessary to review the foundations of the prohibition of allocating vacant land in such of areas and overcome the interpretations made by some authorities that hinder the effective recognition of rights to peasants who have historically inhabited the banks of rivers and lakes and whose Participation in territorial management and adaptation to climate change can be a key piece in environmental and social reconciliation processes.

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a encruzilhada jurídica sobre a interpretação da prescrição estabelecida no artigo 83, "d", do Decreto-Lei 2.811 de 1974, que proíbe a adjudicação de terras não cultivadas próximas das margens de rios. Há 50 anos, a proibição de apropriação de terras não cultivadas vigora no ordenamento jurídico quando localizadas dentro das faixas de terra conhecidas como "beiras/margens/ entorno hídrico", porém, em terras rurais, devido à falta de uma política de monitoramento e proteção dos recursos hídricos, essa figura tem tido pouca eficácia. Em virtude da atualização das políticas de gestão de recursos hídricos e da promoção da reforma rural integral, a regulamentação e a aplicação da referida norma ganharam notoriedade: as autoridades ambientais e a autoridade fundiária ampliaram sua estratégia de intervenção para delimitar essas faixas. No entanto, é necessário revisar a base da proibição da adjudicação de terras devolutas nesse tipo de zonas e superar as interpretações feitas por algumas autoridades que impedem o reconhecimento efetivo dos direitos dos camponeses que historicamente habitaram as margens de rios e lagos e cuja participação na gestão territorial e na adaptação às mudanças climáticas pode ser um elemento-chave nos processos de reconciliação ambiental e social.

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ABSTRACT Objective: This research article addresses the understanding of the resignification of the concept of love from the transformations generated by the pandemic and the confinement by Covid-19 in Medellín (Colombia) between 2020 and2023, making a brief account of the heuristic memory used for the design, collection and analysis of research information, specifying methodological elements on which the process was based and the ways by which it was possible to come up with new findings; Subsequently, some semantic networks generated in the atlas.ti software are presented with their respective analyzesfrom which a session ofresults and conclusions is projected. Materials and methods: Regarding the investigative structure, four moments were developed. In the first one, the ontoepistemological foundation was developed, for which printed and digital scientific bibliographic sources were used, analyzing more than 250 articles in English and Spanish. The second moment was the development and application of semi-structured interviews to key informants. The third moment was the realization of the panel of experts with the adaptation of the Delphi methodology. The fourth, and last moment, was the analysis of the information collected for the consolidation of the products and results of the research through analysis matrices and the atlas.ti software for qualitative data processing. The research was developed in the city of Medellín from January 2021 to May 2023. The key informants were selected through the intentional sampling model, which responded to the criteria that guided the investigative process. Thus, the main inclusion criteria, for the general population, were being of legal age and having been part of an emotional or family relationship during the period of confinement by Covid-19 in the city of Medellín. The key informants were chosen among consultants of the psychology service, in total, 30 interviews were carried out with the general population. On the other hand, four professionals in psychology were selected whose professional work was related to the attention to the previously described population before, during and after the period of confinement. Finally, four experts were selected to carry out the panel, trained in clinical psychology, social work, sociology and sexology. Results: The data collected was processed through the Atlas.ti software, in which 38files corresponding to the transcripts of interviews with the population, interviews with professionals and panel of experts were collected. Likewise, in the processing of information, six main categories were identified in which 32 emerging codes were grouped, supported by 918 citations of the analyzed instruments. As a result of this research, it has been shown that pandemic postmodernity generated changes regarding the meaning of the concept of love, while exacerbating the characteristic elements of postmodernity, such as the relativization of ties. Added to this is a reality that had a direct impact on such ties, such as the confinement caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, which not only affected people's health, but also caused profound transformations in the social fabric, from in particular, in relational dynamics, as it fostered the permanent use of digital and virtual networks given the mandatory nature of social distancing. In this same logic, the research sought a deep reflection on those new scenarios that were arranged by confinement in the context of postmodernity, particularly analyzing the way in which couples and families began to live new relational experiences in affective matters. . In this way, it is understood that love is a dynamic concept that changes according to the social and contextual particularities that, in this case, generated the pandemic. Among the most significant findings of this research, it is found that, in effect, great and profound transformations have been perceived around the meaning of the concept of love, given that the pandemic and confinement were activators of affective conflicts that had not been processed. in other scenarios. The interviewees state that love has been evolving and that a generational gap is beginning to become evident in the way other generations understood and lived love. In this way, family and couple love have taken on new meanings, which go hand in hand with new structural relational models in emotional and affective contacts. In accordance with the above, a large majority of key informants refer that the rise of the media and, particularly, of social networks, have generated profound effects on the concept of love from the perspective of the couple and the family, basing such changes in the amount of time invested in the use of devices and in the relational logics that are established through the different social networks, in which the possibility of meeting hundreds of people is established, having hundreds of close contacts, but, most of the time, without the possibility of generating deep ties. Conclusions: It is concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic exacerbated the use of digital platforms and, consequently, new relational scenarios were consolidated that continue to feed relativism and the link fragility of postmodernity. When carrying out the analysis of the information obtained during the field work, it is possible to recognize some common discourses among the people who participated in the investigation. In this logic, one could speak of interpretations and conceptualizations that have simply begun to be part of the social construct, perhaps as a kind of imaginary in which ideas that become commonplace are simply accepted, which are influenced, or in some cases cases even defined by the massive consumption of content on social networks. Addressing the theme of love was, as anticipated in the onto-epistemological foundation of the research, dealing with a topic in which all people have something to contribute and about which there is always something to say. Added to this approach is the issue of the pandemic, another reality about which all human beings of the present time have something to say, as it is a recent event that affected the lives of all people. Both realities, love and the pandemic, run the risk of falling into subjectivity, taking into account that they end up being personal experiences that may be far from constructions based on an epistemological reflection and of which it can be said that emotions, sensations andfeelings prevail feelings when trying to talk about them.

Resumen: La era digital ha revolucionado el ámbito educativo, dando paso a la docencia 5.0, un enfoque que va más allá de la simple integración tecnológica para ofrecer una educación más humana y centrada en el desarrollo integral del estudiantado. Este enfoque se basa en tres claves fundamentales: la esencia de la docencia 5.0, que implica el uso de herramientas digitales para promover una educación más humana y enfocada en el desarrollo socioemocional del alumnado, con un énfasis en la innovación, la colaboración y la adaptabilidad del profesorado como facilitador del aprendizaje en un entorno en constante evolución. El papel influyente de la docencia 5.0, donde las personas docentes utilizan tecnologías digitales para inspirar y motivar tanto a estudiantes como a colegas, liderando el cambio educativo y creando ambientes de aprendizaje colaborativos y estimulantes. Los medios de soporte para consolidar la docencia 5.0 como influencers educativos, utilizando redes sociales, blogs, pódcast y conferencias, así como la creación y compartición de recursos innovadores, que facilitan el intercambio de ideas y la colaboración, enriqueciendo el entorno educativo. En resumen, la docencia 5.0 tiene el potencial de impactar positivamente en la educación, al fomentar un aprendizaje dinámico y colaborativo, guiando una transformación hacia un futuro más centrado en el estudiantado. No obstante, una práctica docente influyente guía y motiva a través de conocimientos valiosos, pero es vital que se enfoque en un impacto positivo y en la adaptación a la brecha digital, metodologías inclusivas y sostenibilidad de este nuevo enfoque.

Resumo: A era digital revolucionou o âmbito educativo, dando lugar à docência 5.0, um enfoque que vai além da simples integração tecnológica para oferecer uma educação mais humana e focada no desenvolvimento integral do estudante. Este enfoque baseia-se em três chaves fundamentais: a essência da docência 5.0, que envolve a utilização de ferramentas digitais para promover uma educação mais humana e focada no desenvol- vimento socioemocional dos alunos, com ênfase na inovação, colaboração e adaptabilidade dos professores como facilitadores da aprendizagem em um ambiente em constante evolução. O papel influente da docência 5.0, onde as pessoas docentes utilizam tecnologias digitais para inspirar e motivar estudantes e colegas, lide- rando a mudança educativa e criando ambientes de aprendizagem colaborativos e estimulantes. Os meios de suporte para consolidar a docência 5.0 como influencers educativos, utilizando redes sociais, blogs, podcasts e conferências, bem como a criação e compartilhamento de recursos inovadores, que facilitam a troca de ideias e a colaboração, enriquecendo o ambiente educativo. Em resumo, a docência 5.0 tem potencial para impactar positivamente a educação, ao promover uma aprendizagem dinâmica e colaborativa, orientando uma transfor- mação para um futuro mais centrado no estudante. No entanto, uma prática docente influente orienta e motiva através de conhecimentos valiosos, mas é vital que se enfoque no impacto positivo e na adaptação à lacuna digital, nas metodologias inclusivas e na sustentabilidade deste novo enfoque.

Abstract: The digital age has revolutionised education, giving way to Teaching 5.0, an approach that goes be- yond simple technological integration to offer a more humane education focused on the holistic development of students. This approach is based on three fundamental keys: the essence of Teaching 5.0, which involves the use of digital tools to promote a more humane education focused on the socio-emotional development of students, with an emphasis on innovation, collaboration and adaptability of teachers as facilitators of learning in a constantly evolving environment; and the influential role of Teaching 5.0, where educators use digital technologies to inspire and motivate both students and colleagues, leading educational change and creating collaborative and stimulating learning environments. The means to consolidate Teaching 5.0 with educational influencers are social networks, blogs, podcasts and conferences, as well as the creation and sharing of innovative resources that facilitate the exchange of ideas and collaboration, enriching the educational environment. In short, Teaching 5.0 has the potential to positively impact education, fostering dynamic and collaborative learning and leading the transformation to a more student-centred future. However, while an influential teacher can guide and motivate through valuable insights, it is essential to focus on the positive impact and adaptation to the digital divide, inclusive methodologies and sustainability of this new approach.

Resumen (Objetivo) El objetivo del presente trabajo es adaptar y validar una escala que mida el nivel de autorregulación en contextos de resolución de problemas matemáticos del profesorado en formación inicial de Educación Primaria. (Metodología) Para la selección de la muestra se ha utilizado un muestreo no probabilístico de conveniencia o incidental y han participado en el proceso de validación de la escala adaptada 269 estudiantes de primer curso del grado de Educación Primaria de la Universidad del País Vasco en el año académico 2020/2021. El tipo de investigación es descriptivo y todos los datos se han analizado con el programa SPSS. (Resultados) En relación con la fiabilidad interna, el valor del coeficiente alfa de Cronbach es de 0.884. Asimismo, de cara a analizar la estructura factorial de la escala se ha realizado un análisis factorial exploratorio, obteniendo un índice KMO de 0.836 > 0.7 y un p= 0.000<0.05 en el test de esfericidad de Barlett que ha indicado una estructura de siete factores: percepción que tienen el alumnado sobre su capacidad y cómo influye en la autorregulación del proceso de resolución, ética, resolución de problemas y crecimiento personal, actitud hacia el enunciado, creencias negativas de autoeficacia y la atribución causal externa, métodos de resolución de problemas y entorno social. (Conclusiones) La estructura latente aportada por el análisis factorial exploratorio concuerda con la clasificación de ítems establecida a priori y permite orientar el análisis factorial confirmatorio que da continuidad a la investigación.

Resumo (Objetivo) O objetivo deste trabalho é adaptar e va uma escala que mede o nível de autorregulação em contextos de resolução de problemas matemáticos de professores em formação inicial no Ensino Básico. (Metodologia) Para a seleção da amostra, foi utilizada uma amostragem não probabilística de conveniência ou incidental e participaram no processo de validação da escola adaptada 269 alunos do primeiro ano do curso de Educação Primária da Universidade do País Basco no ano letivo 2020/2021. O tipo de pesquisa é descritivo e todos os dados foram analisados com o programa SPSS. (Resultados) Em relação à confiabilidade interna, o valor do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach é 0,884. Da mesma forma, para analisar a estrutura fatorial da escala, foi realizada uma análise fatorial exploratória, obtendo um índice KMO de 0,836 > 0,7 e p= 0,000<0,05 no teste de esfericidade de Bartlett, o que indica uma estrutura de sete fatores: percepção dos alunos sobre sua capacidade e como ela influencia a autorregulação do processo de resolução, ética, resolução de problemas e crescimento pessoal, atitude em relação ao enunciado, crenças negativas de autoeficácia e atribuição causal externa; métodos de resolução de problemas e ambiente social. (Conclusões) A estrutura latente proporcionada pela análise fatorial exploratória concorda com a classificação dos itens estabelecida a priori e permite orientar a análise fatorial confirmatória que dá continuidade à pesquisa.

Abstract (Objective) This work aims to adapt and validate a scale that measures the level of self-regulation in mathematical problem-solving contexts of teachers in initial training in primary education. (Methodology) For sample selection, non-probabilistic convenience or incidental sampling was used. A total of 269 first year primary education undergraduate degree students at the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) in the 2020-2021 academic year participated in the validation process of the adapted scale. The type of research conducted is descriptive. Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software. (Results) The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient value of 0.884 revealed a consistent internal reliability. Likewise, to test the factor structure of the scale, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted, obtaining a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) index of 0.836 > 0.7 and a p= 0.000<0.05 in the Bartlett test of sphericity. It also indicated a seven-factor structure: students’ perceptions of their ability and how these perceptions influence self regulation of the resolution process; ethics, problem-solving and personal growth; attitude towards the statement; negative self-efficacy beliefs; external causal attribution; problem-solving methods; and the social environment. (Conclusions) The latent structure provided by the exploratory factor analysis agrees with the classification of items established a priori and allows for the orientation of the confirmatory factor analysis that provides continuity to the research.

Resumen Introducción. El agroecosistema de café presenta gran importancia ambiental, social y económica en regiones subtropicales de México, pero también es vulnerable a eventos inesperados como el cambio climático. En la historia reciente, se ha documentado que el agroecosistema de café presenta un proceso constante de autoorganización basada en la adaptación y el aprendizaje ante los diversos escenarios adversos. Objetivo. Determinar la capacidad de resiliencia del agroecosistema cafetalero en la región centro del estado de Veracruz. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se realizó de diciembre de 2017 a noviembre de 2018 en Tezonapa, Veracruz, México. Se realizaron 52 entrevistas a caficultores para medir el índice de resiliencia, integrado por treinta variables, correspondientes a siete factores (social, económico, tecnológico, infraestructura, comunicaciones, institucional y ambiental). Estos factores fueron normalizados por el método de escalamiento mínimo-máximo. La resiliencia se estimó en una escala de 0-1, donde valores cercanos a cero representan baja capacidad de resiliencia y cercanos a uno, alta resiliencia. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva y pruebas de Kruskal-Wallis y chi-cuadrado. Resultados. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p<0,5) para los indicadores de las dimensiones económica (0,06) y tecnológica (0,22), con la menor contribución a la resiliencia. Por el contrario, las dimensiones sociales (0,78) y ambiental (0,74) tuvieron mayor contribución a la capacidad de resiliencia, determinado por el gradiente altitudinal. Conclusiones. Los indicadores con el mayor aporte a la capacidad de resiliencia del agroecosistema de café fueron los de dimensiones social y ambiental, y con bajo aporte las dimensiones económica y tecnológica.

Abstract Introduction. The coffee agroecosystems holds significant environmental, social, and economic importance in the subtropical regions of Mexico, but it is vulnerable to unexpected events such as climate change. In recent history, it has been documented that the coffee agroecosystem undergoes a constant process of self-organization based on adaptation and learning in the face of various adverse scenarios. Objective. To determine the resilience capacity of the coffee agroecosystem in the central region of the Veracruz state. Materials and methods. The research was conducted from December 2017 to November 2018 in Tezonapa, Veracruz, Mexico. Fifty-two interviews were conducted with coffee growers to measure the resilience index, which is composed of thirty variables corresponding to seven factors (social, economic, technological, infrastructure, communications, institutional, and environmental). These factors were normalized using the mim-max scaling method. Resilience was estimated on a scale of 0-1, where values close to zero represent low resilience capacity and values close to one, represent high resilience. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Chi-squared tests. Results. Statistically significant differences (p<0,05) were found for the economic (0,06) and technological (0,22) dimensions indicators, which had the lowest contribution to resilience. Conversely, the social (0,78) and environmental (0,74) dimensions had a the highest contribution to resilience capacity, determined by the altitudinal gradient. Conclusion. The indicators that contributed the most to the resilience capacity of the coffee agroecosystem were those in the social and environmental dimensions, while the economic and technological dimensions contributed the least.

Abstract The hydrosocial cycle refers to the historical, geographical and anthropological link that populations have developed with water processes in the territory stated by Colombia Anfibia (2015) (Jaramillo Villa et al., 2016). In this context, we found a gap in the lack of studies focused on the analysis of anthropic adaptation processes to the watersheds of the city of Medellín, specifically in the La Honda ravine, located in the homonymous neighborhood of commune 3 Manrique (Medellín). The present work, in harmony with the Medellín Climate Action Plan, aims to investigate the hydrosocial cycle of the neighborhood and the La Honda ravine, through a research synergy between the Universidad Santo Tomás (branches of Medellín and Bucaramanga), the Institute of Human Rights, Reconciliation and Peace (USTAMED) and the local community. During the investigation, the participatory methodology Transformative Actions La Honda has been implemented, structured in three main moments, called: Building ties, Co-creation and Creation workshop, which has allowed to establish ties between civil society and the academic community on fundamental topics such as: Sustainable environmental development, Human rights, construction of public policy and peace scenarios. Having as main conclusions some architectural design premises as “Solutions based on nature”, jointly developed by the population of the neighborhood, students and research teachers, with the purpose of reaching in the future a work built linking public-private entities.

Resumen El ciclo hidrosocial refiere al vínculo histórico, geográfico y antropológico que las poblaciones han ido desarrollando con los procesos del agua, en el territorio enunciado por Colombia anfibia: un país de humedales (2015) (Jaramillo Villa et al., 2016). En este contexto, encontramos un vacío dada la falta de estudios enfocados en el análisis de los procesos de adaptación antrópica a las cuencas hídricas de la ciudad de Medellín, específicamente en la quebrada de La Honda, ubicada en el barrio homónimo de la comuna 3 Manrique (Medellín). El presente trabajo, en armonía con el Plan de Acción Climática de Medellín, tiene como objetivo investigar el ciclo hidrosocial del barrio y de la quebrada de La Honda, mediante una sinergia investigativa entre la Universidad Santo Tomás (seccionales de Medellín y de Bucaramanga), el Instituto de Derechos Humanos, Reconciliación y Paz (USTAMED) y la comunidad local. Durante la investigación se implementó la metodología participativa ‘Acciones transformadoras La Honda’, estructurada en tres momentos principales denominados: ‘Construyendo lazos’; ‘Cocreación’; y ‘Taller de creación’. Esta permitió instaurar lazos entre la sociedad civil y la comunidad académica en temas fundamentales como: desarrollo ambiental sostenible, derechos humanos, construcción de política pública y escenarios de paz. La conclusión principal se centra en unas premisas de diseño arquitectónico como ‘soluciones basadas en la naturaleza’, elaboradas conjuntamente entre la población del barrio, los estudiantes y los docentes investigadores, con el propósito de llegar a futuro a una obra construida vinculando entidades público-privadas.

Abstract Purpose: Examine the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and corporate sustainability (SC), measured though Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) variables. Methodology: The study is explanatory in scope, and we used the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) methodology to analyze the results. Findings: The results show that some aspects of the board of directors such as size, committees and gender diversity significantly explain corporate sustainability, while CEO duality, independence, and tenure on the board do not. Practical implications: to offer a perspective for institutions to promote companies to advance in matters pertaining corporate governance and sustainability to guarantee long-term viability of organizations, society, and the environment. Value: The results contribute to academic knowledge about the relationship between CG and SC in Latin America by offering a better understanding of the topic and enabling new areas of research in the region. Most studies have focused on the relationship between ESG and performance, portfolio analysis, corporate disclosure, or asymmetric information. Unlike these studies, this work extends the field of research in CG by identifying the variables of the board of directors that are related to corporate sustainability. Limitations: One of the limitations of the study lies in possible selection, information, and reporting biases as the ESG metrics may not fully reflect corporate sustainability. It is essential to address this gap through better adaptation of the measures and deeper theoretical exploration to better understand corporate sustainability in Latin America.

Resumen Propósito: Examinar la relación entre gobierno corporativo y sostenibilidad, medida desde las variables ambientales, sociales y de gobierno. Metodología: El estudio es de alcance explicativo y utiliza la metodología de mínimos cuadrados generalizados factibles. Resultados: Aspectos de la junta directiva como el tamaño, los comités, la diversidad de género explican la sostenibilidad corporativa, mientras que la dualidad del CEO, la independencia, la permanencia no lo son. Implicaciones: Ofrecer una perspectiva para que las instituciones promuevan que las empresas avancen en materia de gobernanza corporativa y sostenibilidad, para garantizar la viabilidad a largo plazo de las organizaciones, la sociedad y el medio ambiente. Valor: La sostenibilidad es un tema prioritario en las agendas multilaterales, mas su relación con el gobierno corporativo en Latinoamérica aún no ha sido explorada. Esta investigación presenta evidencia de variables que impactan la sostenibilidad en la región. Los resultados contribuyen al conocimiento académico sobre la relación entre gobierno corporativo y sustentabilidad en Latinoamérica, al ofrecer una mejor comprensión del tema y posibilitar nuevas áreas de investigación en la región. Limitaciones: Una de las limitaciones del estudio radica en posibles sesgos de selección, información y reporte, dado que las métricas ambientales, sociales y de gobierno, pueden no reflejar completamente la realidad de la sostenibilidad corporativa. Por lo cual, es esencial abordar esta brecha mediante una mayor adaptación de las medidas y una profundización teórica para comprender mejor la sostenibilidad empresarial en Latinoamérica.