Resumen México es uno de los pocos países que combinan un gran legado pesquero y agrícola. No obstante, a pesar de sus contribuciones sociales y en la producción de alimentos, las políticas públicas mexicanas, en gran medida, han abandonado a los pequeños productores a lo largo de las últimas cuatro décadas. Además, se les ha relegado como el eslabón más débil dentro de las lógicas económicas del régimen alimentario mundial. Desde que México firmó el primer Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte, los pescadores artesanales y los pequeños agricultores se han enfrentado a cinco problemas centrales: el desmantelamiento de los medios de producción, la erosión de las capacidades organizativas, lógicas comerciales desventajosas que limitan el acceso a mercados favorables, la occidentalización de las dietas y frecuentes periodos de inseguridad alimentaria. Este estudio aborda la siguiente pregunta de investigación, ¿cómo, frente a los procesos de exclusión del actual régimen alimentario, el abandono de las políticas públicas y la desarticulación de la mayoría de las capacidades organizativas sectoriales en México, pueden los pescadores y agricultores de pequeña escala, así como los consumidores urbanos y rurales, mejorar las realidades productivas, comerciales y alimentarias dentro de sus propios contextos de vida? Introducimos un enfoque transdisciplinario novedoso para un contexto específico, basado en nuestra experiencia de investigación con comunidades pesqueras y agrícolas de la Península de Yucatán. Finalmente, esbozamos nichos de innovación que podrían conducir a la relocalización de sistemas alimentarios regionales a través de complementariedades entre las zonas costeras y del interior.

Abstract Mexico is one of the few countries that combine fishing and agricultural legacies. Despite the social importance and central role of food production, Mexican public policies have largely abandoned small-scale producers over the last four decades. Moreover, they have been relegated to the status of weakest link in the economic logic of the global food regime. Since Mexico signed the first North American Free Trade Agreement, small-scale fishers and farmers have faced five main problems: dismantling of means of production, erosion of organizational capabilities, disadvantageous commercial logic that limits access to favorable markets, westernization of diets, and frequent periods of food insecurity. This study addresses the following research question, how, in the face of the exclusion processes of the current food regime, the abandonment of public policies and erosion of most of the sectoral organizational capacities in Mexico, can small-scale fishers and farmers, as well as urban and rural consumers improve their productive, commercial and food problems within their living contexts? We introduced a novel transdisciplinary context-specific approach, based on our research experience in fishing and farming communities of the Yucatan Peninsula. Finally, we outline innovation niches that could lead to relocate regional food systems through complementarities between coastal and inland areas.

RESUMO Com o objetivo de analisar os processos de vulnerabilização socioambientais e em saúde das populações expostas ao petróleo bruto, no contexto da pandemia de covid-19 e apresentar caminhos para a reparação integral comunitária, este estudo assumiu uma perspectiva teórico-metodológica ancorada na Abordagem Ecossistêmica em Saúde, na Reprodução Social da Saúde e na Determinação Social da Saúde. Recorreu-se à pesquisa-ação como estratégia para a interação dialógica com os sujeitos dos territórios e construção de experiências emancipatórias na luta por saúde, ambiente e desenvolvimento sustentável. Apresenta-se, de forma geral, o processo de determinação social da saúde das comunidades da pesca artesanal, a promoção de interlocuções comunitária-institucional. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de estudos no campo da saúde ambiental que alie o conhecimento acadêmico e a sabedoria dos povos das águas à busca por verdade, justiça e reparação. Para tal, é necessário desvelar as injustiças ambientais, o racismo ambiental e os conflitos ambientais, dialogando sobre o modelo de desenvolvimento e o neoextrativismo na sociedade, enquanto importantes desafios e oportunidades para promoção de Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis. bruto covid19 covid 19 covid-1 comunitária teóricometodológica teórico metodológica Recorreuse Recorreu se pesquisaação pesquisa ação sustentável Apresentase, Apresentase Apresenta se, Apresenta-se geral artesanal comunitáriainstitucional. comunitáriainstitucional institucional. institucional comunitária-institucional verdade tal ambientais sociedade Sustentáveis covid1 1 covid-

ABSTRACT This study adopted a theoretical-methodological perspective anchored in the Ecosystem Approach to Health, the Social Reproduction of Health, and the Social Determinants of Health to analyze the socioenvironmental vulnerability and health of populations exposed to crude oil during the COVID-19 pandemic and present pathways for comprehensive community reparation. We employed action research as a strategy for dialogic interaction with the subjects of the territories and the construction of emancipatory experiences in the struggle for health, the environment, and sustainable development. We presented a general outlook on the social determination of the health of small-scale fishing communities and the promotion of community-institutional dialogues. The results reinforce the need for environmental health studies that combine academic knowledge with the wisdom of water peoples in the pursuit of truth, justice, and reparation. To do so, it is necessary to unveil environmental injustice, racism, and conflicts, engaging in dialogue about the development model and neo-extractivism in society as essential challenges and opportunities for promoting Healthy and Sustainable Territories. theoreticalmethodological theoretical methodological COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 reparation environment smallscale small scale communityinstitutional institutional dialogues truth justice so injustice racism conflicts neoextractivism neo extractivism Territories COVID1 1 COVID-

ABSTRACT Chile has a relatively long history of monitoring and managing large-scale commercial fish stocks. However, many other small-scale fisheries, particularly those operating in estuaries, usually lack basic fisheries and biological information. International experience indicates that a monitoring system designed for large-scale stocks cannot simply be resized to address the complexity, relatively low total economic value, and the large number of actors and supply chains in small-scale fisheries. This article proposes a strategy to monitor data-poor fisheries operating in estuaries. The striped mullet (Mugil cephalus), locally known as "lisa", in the Rapel River, central Chile, was selected to establish a pilot monitoring program for small-scale fish resources. From May 2022 to May 2023, fisheries information, including fleet description, catch and effort data, and fish biological attributes such as length and weight, were collected and described for the first time in the region. Drawing insights from this case study, we propose developing a generic monitoring system tailored specifically for monitoring fish stocks in estuaries. This conceptualization is based on: i) change agents, who are individuals trained to work with both the social and biological dimensions of each coastal fish stock; ii) experienced fisheries scientists outside government agencies; and iii) local fishers’ knowledge to provide constant feedback for adapting temporal and spatial scales for monitoring. This monitoring scheme is cost-effective and can be efficiently replicated in other estuarine fisheries in Chile.

Abstract This study aims to analyze the protective and destructive critical processes of 34 water women in the municipalities of Cabo de Santo de Agostinho and Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil, from February/21 to August/22. The work process stages were systematized by the work flowchart, and we employed Breilh’s critical processes matrix to organize the data. The destructive processes identified in the general domain were injustice and socio-environmental vulnerability, such as the economic development model, the Suape Industrial Port Complex, the 2019 oil spill crime disaster, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the difficult access to public policies; in the particular domain: overloads and extended working hours, use of rudimentary equipment and tools, and unequal gender, class, and race relationships; in the singular domain: physical and mental illnesses and deaths. The protective processes identified in the general domain were sustainable development objectives, public health, and social assistance policies; in the particular domain, group work and processing, consumption for subsistence; in the singular domain, fishing as a therapeutic, pleasurable, and sharing process. The study highlighted the central issues of the water women and the need to establish public policies targeting their care.

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar os processos críticos, protetores e destrutivos do trabalho de 34 mulheres das águas nos municípios de Cabo de Santo de Agostinho e Ipojuca (PE), de fevereiro de 2021 a agosto de 2022. As etapas do processo de trabalho foram sistematizadas pelo fluxograma do trabalho e organizadas na matriz de processos críticos de Breilh. Os processos destrutivos, no domínio geral, foram: injustiça e vulnerabilização socioambiental como modelo de desenvolvimento econômico, o Complexo Industrial Portuário de Suape, o desastre-crime de petróleo ocorrido em 2019, a pandemia de COVID-19 e dificuldade de acesso às políticas públicas; no particular: jornadas e sobrecargas de trabalho, uso de equipamentos e ferramentas rudimentares e relações desiguais de gênero, classe e raça; no singular: adoecimentos físicos, mentais e mortes. Os processos protetores, no domínio geral: os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável, políticas públicas de saúde e assistência social; no particular: trabalho e beneficiamento em grupo, consumo para subsistência; no singular: a pesca como processo terapêutico, prazeroso e de partilha. O estudo destacou os problemas centrais das mulheres das águas e a necessidade do estabelecimento de políticas públicas voltadas ao seu cuidado.

Abstract. To determine changes in the catches of mollusks and crustaceans associated with mangrove areas in the lagoon complex of Magdalena-Almejas Bay and the possible impact of medium-term environmental variability, production trends derived from data recorded by the National Commission of Aquaculture and Fisheries from 1992 to 2021 were analyzed. In addition, possible relationships were established with environmental conditions associated with El Niño-La Niña periods based on sea surface temperature values. The fisheries included in the analysis targeted the following species: the black arks (Anadara tuberculosa), Pacific calico scallops (Argopecten ventricosus), squalid callista clams (Megapitaria squalida), Californian venus clams (Chione californiensis), pen shells (Pinna rugosa and Atrina maura), and the Murex snails the black and pink (Hexaplex nigritus and Phyllonotus erythrostomus). Blue shrimp (Penaeus stylirostris), brown shrimp (P. californiensis), and green swimming crab (Callinectes bellicosus) were also considered. The results showed variability among the series for each fishery, with positive trends for black arks, Californian venus clams, and Chinese snails, and negative trends for Pacific calico scallops, squalid callista clams, and shrimps. The most frequently occurring changes appeared to be cyclic and related to variations in environmental conditions. However, we concluded that it is difficult to differentiate and quantify the possible effects on resource availability due to fishing or modifications in mangroves, habitat conditions, and their impact on biological processes such as reproduction, feeding, growth, mobility, and recruitment.

Resumen. Para determinar cambios en las capturas de moluscos y crustáceos asociados a zonas de manglar en el complejo lagunar Bahía Magdalena-Almejas y el posible impacto de la variabilidad ambiental a mediano plazo, se analizaron tendencias de producción derivadas de datos registrados por la Comisión Nacional de Acuacultura y Pesca de 1992 a 2021. Además, se establecieron posibles relaciones con las condiciones ambientales asociadas con los periodos de presencia del El Niño-La Niña basados en valores de temperatura superficial del mar. Las pesquerías incluidas aprovechan las siguientes especies: almejas pata de mula (Anadara tuberculosa), catarina (Argopecten ventricosus), chocolata (Megapitaria squalida) y roñosa (Chione californiensis); callos de hacha (Pinna rugosa y Atrina maura), y caracoles murex negro y rosa (Hexaplex nigritus y Phyllonotus erythrostomus). También se consideraron las de camarón azul (Penaeus stylirostris), camarón café (P. californiensis) y jaiba verde (Callinectes bellicosus). Los resultados muestran variabilidad entre las series de cada pesquería, con tendencias positivas para almeja pata de mula, roñosa y caracol chino y negativas para almeja catarina, chocolata y camarón. Los cambios que suceden con mayor frecuencia parecen cíclicos y aparentemente relacionados con variaciones en las condiciones ambientales. Sin embargo, se concluye que es difícil diferenciar y cuantificar los posibles efectos en la disponibilidad de recursos por causa de la pesca o de modificaciones en los manglares, las condiciones del hábitat y su impacto en procesos biológicos como reproducción, alimentación, crecimiento, movilidad y reclutamiento.

RESUMO Com o objetivo de analisar os processos de vulnerabilização socioambientais e em saúde das populações expostas ao petróleo bruto, no contexto da pandemia de covid-19 e apresentar caminhos para a reparação integral comunitária, este estudo assumiu uma perspectiva teórico-metodológica ancorada na Abordagem Ecossistêmica em Saúde, na Reprodução Social da Saúde e na Determinação Social da Saúde. Recorreu-se à pesquisa-ação como estratégia para a interação dialógica com os sujeitos dos territórios e construção de experiências emancipatórias na luta por saúde, ambiente e desenvolvimento sustentável. Apresenta-se, de forma geral, o processo de determinação social da saúde das comunidades da pesca artesanal, a promoção de interlocuções comunitária-institucional. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de estudos no campo da saúde ambiental que alie o conhecimento acadêmico e a sabedoria dos povos das águas à busca por verdade, justiça e reparação. Para tal, é necessário desvelar as injustiças ambientais, o racismo ambiental e os conflitos ambientais, dialogando sobre o modelo de desenvolvimento e o neoextrativismo na sociedade, enquanto importantes desafios e oportunidades para promoção de Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis.

ABSTRACT This study adopted a theoretical-methodological perspective anchored in the Ecosystem Approach to Health, the Social Reproduction of Health, and the Social Determinants of Health to analyze the socioenvironmental vulnerability and health of populations exposed to crude oil during the COVID-19 pandemic and present pathways for comprehensive community reparation. We employed action research as a strategy for dialogic interaction with the subjects of the territories and the construction of emancipatory experiences in the struggle for health, the environment, and sustainable development. We presented a general outlook on the social determination of the health of small-scale fishing communities and the promotion of community-institutional dialogues. The results reinforce the need for environmental health studies that combine academic knowledge with the wisdom of water peoples in the pursuit of truth, justice, and reparation. To do so, it is necessary to unveil environmental injustice, racism, and conflicts, engaging in dialogue about the development model and neo-extractivism in society as essential challenges and opportunities for promoting Healthy and Sustainable Territories.

Resumo Avaliar os impactos causados pela pesca requer dados de longo prazo e monitoramento contínuo das capturas, os quais ainda são escassos em vários países de baixa e média renda. Abordagens alternativas, como o conhecimento ecológico local dos pescadores (CEL), têm sido utilizadas para avaliar a história dos recursos marinhos e superar os desafios da ausência de dados. Documentamos mudanças temporais ao longo dos últimos 60 anos na pesca artesanal em Arraial do Cabo, Brasil. Entrevistas com 155 pescadores revelaram a captura de seis espécies de tubarões e um gênero, todas em risco de extinção de acordo com as Listas Vermelhas global e nacional. Entre essas espécies, Carcharhinus brevipinna, Carcharhinus plumbeus e Isurus oxyrinchus são comercialmente importantes. Embora o CEL tenha revelado um aumento nos esforços de pesca, com novos locais de pesca surgindo após 2006, o número de indivíduos capturados diminuiu ao longo do tempo. A exploração histórica de tubarões levou a declínios substanciais nas capturas de C. plumbeus e C. brevipinna, os quais possuem ocorrências raras na região. Embora os dados de desembarque sejam informações críticas para elaborar planos de gestão pesqueira local e estabelecer estratégias de conservação, o monitoramento na região é descontínuo e deveria ser priorizado por políticas públicas. renda alternativas CEL, , (CEL) 6 Cabo Brasil 15 gênero nacional brevipinna importantes 2006 tempo C conservação públicas (CEL 1 200 20 2

Abstract Assessing the impacts caused by fisheries requires long-term data series and continuous landing monitoring, which are still scarce in several low and middle-income countries. Alternative approaches, such as fishers’ local ecological knowledge (LEK) have been employed to assess the history of marine resources and overcome the challenges of missing data. We documented temporal changes over the last 60 years in small-scale fisheries in Arraial do Cabo, Brazil. Interviews with 155 fishers revealed the capture of six shark species (one genus), all under extinction risk according to the global and the national Red Lists. Among these, Carcharhinus brevipinna, Carcharhinus plumbeus, and Isurus oxyrinchus are commercially important. While LEK suggests an increase in fishing efforts, with new fishing grounds emerging after 2006, the number of individuals caught has decreased over time. Historical shark exploitation has led to substantial declines in the catches of C. plumbeus and C. brevipinna, which have rare occurrences in the region. Although landing data are critical information for building local fisheries management plans and setting conservation strategies, monitoring in the region is discontinuous and should be prioritized by public policies. longterm long term middleincome middle income countries approaches (LEK 6 smallscale small scale Cabo Brazil 15 one genus, genus , genus) Lists these brevipinna important efforts 2006 time C strategies policies 1 200 20 2

Abstract It is commonly assumed that beach seining (BS) is more sustainable than bottom trawling because it involves non-motorized operations and limited fishing power. However, no scientific evidence supports this assumption. To address this gap, we evaluated the impact of beach seining, taking a small-scale shrimp fishery in northeast Brazil. Data collected monthly from December 2016 to November 2017 and in literature, were assessed (BS 31,001 individuals, 119 species, 37 families, and 19 orders; BT 6,031 individuals, 58 species, 20 families, and 14 orders). Beach seining demonstrated a lower proportion of bycatch (BS 1:2.3; BT 1:3.2), higher total shrimp catch (BS 87.2 t; BT 65 t), and greater species diversity than bottom trawling catches (BS 119; BT 58). Other aspects were closer associated with bottom trawling, such as the composition of dominant families (Sciaenidae and Pristigasteridae), the proportion of rare species (BS 30%; BT 24%) juveniles (BS 11g; BT 13g), the risk of species extinction, and the composition of ecological guilds. Despite their social significance, both fishing gears showed similar ecological indicators and adverse effects. The findings establish that the ecological concerns related to the impact of bottom trawling are also applicable to beach seine. BS nonmotorized non motorized power However assumption gap smallscale small scale Brazil 201 literature 31001 31 001 31,00 individuals 11 3 1 orders 6031 6 031 6,03 5 2 orders. . orders) 12.3 123 2.3 1:2.3 13.2, 132 3.2 , 1:3.2) 872 87 87. t t, t) 58. 58) Sciaenidae Pristigasteridae, Pristigasteridae Pristigasteridae) 30% 30 24% 24 11g g 13g, 13g 13g) extinction guilds significance effects seine 3100 00 31,0 603 03 6,0 12 12. 23 2. 1:2. 13 13.2 32 3. 1:3.2 8 310 0 31, 60 6, 1:2 13. 1:3. 1: 1:3

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar os processos críticos, protetores e destrutivos do trabalho de 34 mulheres das águas nos municípios de Cabo de Santo de Agostinho e Ipojuca (PE), de fevereiro de 2021 a agosto de 2022. As etapas do processo de trabalho foram sistematizadas pelo fluxograma do trabalho e organizadas na matriz de processos críticos de Breilh. Os processos destrutivos, no domínio geral, foram: injustiça e vulnerabilização socioambiental como modelo de desenvolvimento econômico, o Complexo Industrial Portuário de Suape, o desastre-crime de petróleo ocorrido em 2019, a pandemia de COVID-19 e dificuldade de acesso às políticas públicas; no particular: jornadas e sobrecargas de trabalho, uso de equipamentos e ferramentas rudimentares e relações desiguais de gênero, classe e raça; no singular: adoecimentos físicos, mentais e mortes. Os processos protetores, no domínio geral: os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável, políticas públicas de saúde e assistência social; no particular: trabalho e beneficiamento em grupo, consumo para subsistência; no singular: a pesca como processo terapêutico, prazeroso e de partilha. O estudo destacou os problemas centrais das mulheres das águas e a necessidade do estabelecimento de políticas públicas voltadas ao seu cuidado. Objetivouse Objetivou se 3 PE, PE , (PE) 202 2022 Breilh geral econômico Suape desastrecrime desastre crime 2019 COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 particular gênero raça singular físicos mortes sustentável social grupo subsistência terapêutico partilha cuidado (PE 20 201 COVID1 1 COVID- 2

Abstract This study aims to analyze the protective and destructive critical processes of 34 water women in the municipalities of Cabo de Santo de Agostinho and Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil, from February/21 to August/22. The work process stages were systematized by the work flowchart, and we employed Breilh’s critical processes matrix to organize the data. The destructive processes identified in the general domain were injustice and socio-environmental vulnerability, such as the economic development model, the Suape Industrial Port Complex, the 2019 oil spill crime disaster, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the difficult access to public policies; in the particular domain: overloads and extended working hours, use of rudimentary equipment and tools, and unequal gender, class, and race relationships; in the singular domain: physical and mental illnesses and deaths. The protective processes identified in the general domain were sustainable development objectives, public health, and social assistance policies; in the particular domain, group work and processing, consumption for subsistence; in the singular domain, fishing as a therapeutic, pleasurable, and sharing process. The study highlighted the central issues of the water women and the need to establish public policies targeting their care. 3 Ipojuca Pernambuco Brazil February21 February 21 February/2 August22 August 22 August/22 flowchart Breilhs Breilh s data socioenvironmental socio environmental vulnerability model Complex 201 disaster COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pandemic hours tools gender class relationships deaths objectives health processing subsistence therapeutic pleasurable care February2 2 February/ August2 August/2 20 COVID1 1 COVID- August/

Abstract The Fundão dam failure in the Rio Doce basin in 2015 triggered a significant socioecological regime shift. In this study, changes and strategies employed by small-scale fisheries (SSFs) in the wake of dam failure were analyzed. From 2021 to 2022, 441 semi-structured interviews were conducted with fishers in Espírito Santo municipalities, using the snowball method to sample 20% of total fishers. The interviews focused on socioeconomic aspects and post-disaster changes. Responses were statistically analyzed according to data type (chi-square test, ANOVA, or Kruskal–Wallis’s test). Overall, 96.35% of surveyed participants were impacted by the dam failure. The strategies adopted after the disaster characterized three groups: the first abandoned the fishery, the second made adaptations in their fisheries, and the third did not make any changes. In this context, we highlighted two aspects for study: (1) understanding the characteristics of the most affected groups and (2) understanding the main adaptations found. The first aspect mainly involved those farther from the coastal zone, including a higher proportion of women and older and more experienced individuals who currently have a lower mean income and greater economic dependence on monetary indemnities. The second aspect involved those who managed to make adaptations, largely aimed at maintaining fishing activities, often by changing the target species and/or fishing area. All groups identified environmental contamination as the main current challenge. This study contributes to the deepening of knowledge about local impacts and recovery strategies following human-made disasters. Moreover, understanding the experiences of groups affected to varying degrees, each with distinct implications and structural differences, can facilitate the development of collective strategies for more effective coping with the challenges faced by SSFs. This case presents potential for improvement by adopting more participatory frameworks aimed at implementing mitigation and recovery measures. 201 shift smallscale small scale SSFs (SSFs 202 2022 44 semistructured semi structured municipalities 20 postdisaster post chisquare chi square test ANOVA Kruskal–Walliss KruskalWalliss Kruskal–Wallis s Kruskal Wallis test. . test) Overall 9635 96 35 96.35 fishery context 1 (1 2 (2 found zone indemnities activities andor area challenge humanmade human disasters Moreover degrees differences measures 4 Walliss KruskalWallis 963 9 3 96.3 ( 96.

Abstract Functional diversity (FD) is one of the aspects of biodiversity that can best represent eventual changes in the environment. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) can be used to minimize the potential impacts of fishing on fish stocks. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of the MPA network in the Abrolhos Bank (Brazil) in relation to the FD of fish fauna. Underwater visual censuses were carried out in no-take, partially protected and unprotected zones. We used FD metrics to assess the MPA network in terms of FD in each zone. The functional hypervolume of the target fish species was calculated. From fishers’ information, we determined the Use Value of the main target species and proposed a Fisheries Functional Vulnerability Index (FFVI), which can indicate management priorities for the species at a local level. The results showed that MPAs maintained higher FD, especially in no-take areas. Two no-take sites showed significant functional divergence values, while one no-take site and one partially protected site showed greater functional richness than unprotected sites. A total of 23 target species accounted for 56% of the functional hypervolume. The FFVI indicated the most vulnerable species. The results indicate that functional metrics may be more informative for assessing the impact of fisheries. In addition, the findings reinforce the need to incorporate the local knowledge of resource users, as recommended by international institutions. (FD environment (MPAs stocks Brazil (Brazil fauna notake, notake no take, take zones zone calculated fishers information FFVI, , (FFVI) level areas values 2 56 fisheries addition users institutions (FFVI 5

RESUMO Objetivo Compreender a relação entre o corpo e o trabalho de marisqueiras da Ilha de Itaparica, Bahia sob a perspectiva da alimentação. Métodos Abordagem qualitativa, descritiva, de caráter analítico. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais em profundidade e adotou-se também o diário de campo como uma ferramenta importante para o processo de imersão no campo-tema. A análise das narrativas se deu a partir de aproximações com a hermenêutica-dialética. Resultados As participantes deste estudo são mulheres negras e mães, com idade entre 20 e 72 anos que encontram na mariscagem uma estratégia para o sustento familiar. A mariscagem é uma atividade intrínseca às pescadoras artesanais, na qual o aprendizado ocorre ainda na infância e se mantém ao longo da vida. As marisqueiras apresentam o comprometimento da mobilidade física decorrente do excesso de peso ou pelas condições derivadas. As pescadoras não consideram seus corpos obesos e/ou doentes, apesar da possibilidade de limitação na movimentação. Conclusão As marisqueiras deste estudo classificam o “corpo gordo” como corpo forte e o consideram essencial e propício para a execução das atividades inerentes ao trabalho pesqueiro. Itaparica alimentação qualitativa descritiva analítico adotouse adotou campotema. campotema tema. tema campo-tema hermenêuticadialética. hermenêuticadialética hermenêutica dialética. dialética hermenêutica-dialética mães 2 7 familiar artesanais vida derivadas eou doentes movimentação gordo pesqueiro

ABSTRACT Objective To understand the relationship between the body and the work of female shellfish gatherers from Island Itaparica, Bahia, Brazil, from the food perspective. Methods Qualitative, descriptive, analytical approach. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted, and the field diary was adopted as an essential tool for immersion in the theme-field. The analysis of the narratives was based on approximations with hermeneutics-dialectics. Results The participants of this study are Black women and mothers aged 20-72 who employ shellfishing as a family support strategy. Shellfishing is an activity intrinsic to small-scale fisherwomen, in which learning occurs in childhood and continues throughout life. Shellfish gatherers have compromised physical mobility due to overweight or derived conditions. Fisherwomen do not consider their bodies obese or sick despite a possibly limited movement. Conclusion The female shellfish gatherers in this study classify the “fat body” as a strong body and consider it essential and conducive to carrying out activities inherent to fishing work. Itaparica Bahia Brazil perspective Qualitative descriptive approach indepth depth conducted themefield. themefield theme field. theme-field hermeneuticsdialectics. hermeneuticsdialectics hermeneutics dialectics. dialectics hermeneutics-dialectics 2072 20 72 20-7 strategy smallscale small scale fisherwomen life conditions movement fat 207 2 7 20-

Abstract The onus of re-constructing a diverse socio-spatial and economically-prepared urban framework in the design of greenfield cities rests on the foresight of a Master Plan document. The conceptualisations in the making of a ‘brand-new city’ are challenged with its subsequent realisation. Often, urbanisation doesn’t tread its planned course, and contentious dualities of planned vs unplanned persists. In Navi Mumbai, five decades later, small-scale slum-settlements emerge as landscapes of dispossession and inevitable gentrification creating urban ruptures within the city morphology. Navi Mumbai was an expression of India’s euphoria as a newly independent nation, exemplified by pragmatic city planning. However, five decades later, the emergence of planning disruptions continues to indicate inadequacies. The paper examines the spatial logics of habitation under changing economic conditions and built-in spatial inequalities. It initiates a discourse on the type of environments planned cities foster towards residents from lower economic and social backgrounds. The key research questions addressed are: How do master plans further socio-economic segregations? What was the impact of neoliberal changes on affordable housing? Points of critique: Navi Mumbai’s reliance on ‘Euro-American’ visions and Fordist planning present several delinkages with adjacent industrial districts, indigenous farming settlements and sensitive ecological edges. The analysis conferred that affordable housing schemes became an unequal instrument of social cohesion, in light of built-in inequities. The Development Plan of Navi Mumbai excluded its original inhabitations- agricultural and fishing villages, a characteristic adopted by several development plans in contemporary Indian cities. Close examination of mechanisms of ‘incrementality’, as a hall-mark of affordable housing projects, suggests disconnections between designer’s vision and dweller’s aspirations.

Resumen: Este texto tiene el propósito de describir la situación de la pesca a pequeña escala en Puerto Madero, Chiapas, al inicio de la pandemia por COVID-19 (2020-2021). Metodológicamente, adopta un enfoque etnográfico que se nutre del contacto directo con actores locales y acentúa sus propias voces. Las dos primeras partes discurren sobre los impactos de la emergencia sanitaria en el sector pesquero mexicano y la postura que al respecto adoptó el Estado en el nivel federal y estatal. La tercera sección ahonda en el caso de Puerto Madero con base en información empírica obtenida por vía de entrevistas y observaciones in situ. En ese tenor, presenta narrativas que dan cuenta de los avatares del trabajo pesquero en los dos primeros años de pandemia: incapacidad laboral por contagios de coronavirus, adopción temporal de medidas de bioseguridad en espacios de trabajo, cesación periódica de labores y modificación de las dinámicas de captura de pescado. El artículo cierra con algunas reflexiones sobre la capacidad adaptativa de los actores de la pesca a pequeña escala en tiempos de crisis como los vividos por causa de este fenómeno global.

Abstract: This paper aims to describe the situation of small-scale fisheries in Puerto Madero, Chiapas, at the beginning of COVID-19 outbreak (2020-2021). Methodologically, it adopts an ethnographic approach that draws on direct contact with local actors and emphasizes their own voices. The first two parts discuss the impacts of sanitary crisis on the Mexican fishing sector and the position adopted by the State, both at the federal level and in the state of Chiapas. The third section develops the case of Puerto Madero, based on empirical information obtained through on-site interviews and observations. It presents narratives that inform about changes in fishing work in the first two years of the pandemic: work incapacity due to coronavirus infection, temporary adoption of biosecurity measures in labor spaces, periodic cessation of work and modification of fishing dynamics. Finally, it reflects on adaptive capacity of small-scale fishery actors in critical times such as those experienced as a result of this global event.

ABSTRACT Artisanal fisheries in center-southern Chile targeted a large amount of southern ray bream (Brama australis), whereas other species of Bramidae are negligible in the catches. During a small-scale fishing trip targeting B. australis off the coast of Lebu Harbour (38°S) in August 2021, two specimens of other Bramidae species were also caught, but the fishermen did not identify them. The first corresponded to a sickle pomfret, Taractichthys steindachneri, the first record of the species in Chilean waters. The second specimen corresponded to the rough pomfret, Taractes asper, already reported from the Chilean coast, but with only one previous record from the eighties. We discussed how the occurrence of T. steindachneri and T. asper provide insights regarding the B. australis demography in the south Pacific.