Resumen El presente estudio tiene como objetivo realizar un diagnóstico de la responsabilidad social corporativa y sostenibilidad en la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito 15 de Abril, una empresa ecuatoriana del rubro financiero. El procedimiento realizado se sustentó en un enfoque mixto, combinando técnicas de corte cualitativo y cuantitativo. De tal manera que se aplicó una revisión bibliográfica para fundamentar teóricamente a los conceptos de la responsabilidad social corporativa y la sostenibilidad. Así mismo, se empleó el método cuantitativo mediante el uso de una encuesta aplicada a los empleados de la cooperativa, además de la combinación de técnicas estadísticas para establecer la correlación entre las responsabilidad social corporativa y sostenibilidad. Por ende, se efectuó el cálculo de la correlación mediante el coeficiente de Pearson y el nivel de significancia mediante una prueba bilateral. A partir del análisis de los resultados de estas pruebas, se estableció que existe una correlación positiva alta entre la responsabilidad social corporativa y la sostenibilidad, lo que significa que esta institución realiza actividades en beneficio de sus grupos de interés las cuales son sostenibles.

Abstract The objective of this study is to carry out a diagnosis of corporate social responsibility and sustainability in the 15 de Abril Savings and Credit Cooperative, an Ecuadorian company in the financial sector. The procedure carried out was based on a mixed approach, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques. In such a way that a bibliographic review was applied to theoretically substantiate the concepts of corporate social responsibility and sustainability. Likewise, the quantitative method was used through the use of a survey applied to the cooperative's employees, in addition to the combination of statistical techniques to establish the correlation between corporate social responsibility and sustainability. Therefore, the correlation was calculated using the Pearson coefficient and the level of significance using a bilateral test. From the analysis of the results of these tests, it was established that there is a high positive correlation between corporate social responsibility and sustainability, which means that this institution carries out activities for the benefit of its interest groups which are sustainable.

RESUMEN Introducción: La glomerulonefritis pos infecciosa (GNPI) en la infancia es un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedad renal crónica a largo plazo. La adherencia al control médico permite realizar la nefroprevención secundaria. Objetivo: evaluar la relación entre los factores de riesgo relacionados a la falta de adherencia al control médico de pacientes con GNPI en una cohorte pediátrica. Metodología: estudio descriptivo de asociación cruzada de cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes internados entre enero de 2000 a diciembre de 2018 en un hospital de referencia. Se analizó la relación entre: hacinamiento, colecho, escolaridad materna y paterna, número de hermanos, de convivientes y procedencia, con la falta de adherencia al control médico. Se utilizaron la prueba de chi cuadrado y regresión logística a un nivel de significancia de 0,05. Resultados: Se incluyeron 148 pacientes (103 niños y 45 niñas) entre 2 a 16 años (edad promedio: 8,5± 3,4 años). La falta de adherencia fue encontrada en 73 pacientes (49,3%) que se asoció a procedencia rural (p= 0,012, RR: 1,50, IC95%: 1,10-2,06), baja escolaridad materna (p= 0,046, IC95%: 1,54:1,14-2,08), baja escolaridad paterna (p= 0,02; RR: 1,483, IC95%: 1,09-2,01), >3 convivientes (p=0,007, RR: 1,630, IC95%: 1,21-2,19), colecho (p=0,026; RR: 1,52, IC95%: 1,02-2,27) y hacinamiento (p<0,0001; RR: 1,92, IC95%: 1,39-2,65). Por regresión logística, el hacinamiento (p=0,005; OR= 4,8) y procedencia rural (p=0,022; OR: 2,4) se mantuvieron asociados a la falta de adherencia. Discusión: El hacinamiento y la procedencia rural se asociaron en forma independiente con la pérdida de seguimiento. Se recomienda mayor intervención de la atención primaria de salud.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Post-infectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) in childhood is a risk factor for the development of long-term chronic kidney disease. Adherence to medical control allows secondary nephroprevention to be carried out. Objective: to evaluate the relationship between risk factors related to non-adherence to medical control of patients with IPGN in a pediatric cohort. Methods: descriptive study, with an analytical component of a retrospective cohort of patients hospitalized between January 2000 and December 2018 in a reference hospital. The relationship between: overcrowding, co-sleeping, maternal and paternal education, number of siblings, cohabitants and origin, with lack of adherence to medical control was analyzed. The chi-square test and logistic regression were used at a significance level of 0.05. Results: a total of 148 patients (103 boys y 45 girls) between 2 and 16 years old (mean age: 8.5± 3.4 years) were included. The lack of adherence was found in 73 patients (49.3%) that was associated with rural origin (p= 0.012, RR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.10-2.06), low maternal education (p= 0.046, 95%CI: 1.54:1.14-2.08), low paternal education (p= 0.02; RR: 1.483, 95%CI: 1.09-2.01), >3 cohabitants (p=0.007, RR: 1.630, 95% CI: 1.21-2.19), co-sleeping (p=0.026; RR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.02-2.27) and overcrowding (p<0.0001; RR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.39-2.65). By logistic regression, overcrowding (p=0.005; OR= 4.8) and rural origin (p=0.022; OR: 2.4) remained associated with lack of adherence. Discussion: Overcrowding and rural origin were independently associated with loss to follow-up. Greater intervention by primary health care is recommended.

Resumen El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar los criterios de selección de pareja en relación al apego en adultos. Esta investigación fue cuantitativa, correlacional, de corte transversal, con 170 participantes, escogidos a través de un muestreo no probabilístico bola de nieve y discriminados con criterios de inclusión. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la Escala de Selección de Pareja de Romero, la cual evalúa los criterios para la selección de pareja. Para determinar el apego se empleó el instrumento CAMIR. En los resultados de selección de pareja, se evidenció que en similitud y atractivo la mayoría de los participantes consideran de baja importancia, en aspectos no verbales y complementariedad la mayoría indican tener un nivel de importancia medio; los rasgos de personalidad y la satisfacción de necesidades tuvieron un nivel de importancia alta. En apego, la mayoría de los evaluados, muestran un tipo de apego seguro e inseguro preocupado. De la misma manera, la gran mayoría no presentó un tipo de apego inseguro evitativo e inseguro desorganizado. Se concluye que existió correlación entre estilos de apego y selección de pareja, evidenciándose en la correlación positiva entre el estilo de apego seguro con el criterio satisfacción de necesidades; el estilo de apego inseguro evitativo tuvo una correlación positiva con: el criterio similitud, atractivo físico, aspectos no verbales y rasgos de personalidad; por último, el estilo de apego inseguro preocupado mantuvo una correlación positiva con el criterio complementariedad.

Abstract This research aimed to analyze the partner selection criteria concerning attachment in adults. This research was quantitative, correlational, and cross-sectional, with 170 participants chosen through non-probabilistic snowball sampling and discriminated with inclusion criteria. The Romero Partner Selection Scale, which evaluates the criteria for partner selection, was used for data collection. The CAMIR instrument was used to determine attachment. In the results of partner selection, it was evident that in similarity and attractiveness, the majority of participants consider it to be of low importance; in non-verbal aspects and complementarity, the majority indicate having a medium level of importance; Personality traits and needs satisfaction had a high level of significance. In attachment, most of those evaluated show a type of secure and preoccupied insecure attachment. In the same way, the vast majority did not present a kind of avoidant and disorganized insecure attachment. It is concluded that there was a correlation between attachment styles and partner selection, evident in the positive correlation between the secure attachment style and the needs satisfaction criterion; the insecure-avoidant attachment style had a positive correlation with the similarity criterion, physical attractiveness, non-verbal aspects, and personality traits; Finally, the preoccupied insecure attachment style maintained a positive correlation with the complementarity criterion.

ABSTRACT The Snoezelen room is defined as a global intervention that provides sensory stimuli that provide pleasant sensations of well-being (Asociación España Snoezelen, 2022). The objective of this research was to identify the influence of multisensory stimulation in the Snoezelen room for the sensory integration of students with disabilities at a Special Basic Education Center (CEBE in spanish) in Huánuco (Peru). Methodologically, a positivist, applied, quantitative, explanatory paradigm was followed, with a pre-experimental design with pre- and post-test with a single group. The variables were multisensory stimulation and sensory integration applied to a population of 58 students with a sample of 16 through non-probabilistic sampling. The result of the pre-test was 87.5% regular level and the post-test 100% being regular, a bilateral asymptotic significance of .001 according to the Wilcoxon test. It is concluded that multisensory stimulation in the Snoezelen room influences the sensory integration of students with disabilities in a CEBE in Huánuco (Peru).

RESUMEN Se define la sala snoezelen como una intervención global que brinda estímulos sensoriales que proporcionan sensaciones agradables de bienestar (Asociación España Snoezelen, 2022). El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar la influencia de la estimulación multisensorial en la sala snoezelen para la integración sensorial de los alumnos con discapacidad de un Centro de Educación Básica Especial (CEBE) de Huánuco (Perú). Metodológicamente se siguió un paradigma positivista, aplicado, cuantitativo, explicativo, de diseño preexperimental, con preprueba y posprueba con un solo grupo. Las variables fueron la estimulación multisensorial y la integración sensorial aplicadas a una población de 58 estudiantes, con una muestra de 16 a través de un muestreo no probabilístico. El resultado del pretest fue de 87,5 % nivel regular y el postest del 100 %, considerando regular un significado asintótico bilateral de ,001 según la prueba de Wilcoxon. Se concluye que la estimulación multisensorial en la sala snoezelen influye en la integración sensorial de los alumnos con discapacidad en un CEBE de Huánuco (Perú).

ABSTRACT Gamification allows the student to acquire the skills necessary to understand, express and appropriately regulate emotional appearance and increase motivation. The objective of the research is to develop a didactic strategy based on gamification for reading and writing in first grade students of the Jaime Roldós Aguilera Educational Unit. A quantitative approach is proposed, with an experimental, correlation and longitudinal type. The starting point is a theoretical review of the experiences and theories developed for gamification and a diagnosis with the application of a checklist based on the criteria set forth by Ricardo Olea's reading and writing test to a population of 37 students. The validation of the instrument is carried out with the application of Cronbach's Alpha and R square tests (SPSS V25 software) with results of 0.909 and 1.00 respectively. The list is applied before and after the strategy, the first as a diagnosis, the second as an evaluation. The correlation test applied by the Pearson Coefficient allowed us to verify the relationship between the learning results for reading and writing with respect to the variables to be considered in the strategy. The relevant positive results in the application of the strategy are demonstrated by the comparison of the selected variables with a significant difference between the mean values, verified with the ANOVA test, significance level equal to 0.0018 <0.05, so the Gamification contributed to improving literacy levels.

RESUMEN La gamificación permite que el estudiante adquiera aptitudes necesarias para entender, expresar y regular de forma apropiada la apariencia emocional y aumentar la motivación. El objetivo de la investigación es desarrollar una estrategia didáctica basada en la gamificación para la lecto-escritura en estudiantes de primero de básica de la Unidad Educativa Jaime Roldós Aguilera. Se propone un enfoque cuantitativo, con tipo experimental, correlacionar y longitudinal. Se parte de una revisión teórica acerca de las experiencias y teorías desarrolladas para la gamificación y un diagnóstico con la aplicación de una lista de chequeo sustentada en los criterios expuestos por la prueba de lectura y escritura de Ricardo Olea a una población de 37 estudiantes. Se realiza la validación del instrumento con la aplicación de las pruebas de Alpha de Cronbach y R cuadrado (software SPSS V25) con resultados de 0.909 y 1,00 respectivamente. La lista se aplica antes y después de la estrategia, la primera como diagnóstico, la segunda, como evaluación. La prueba de correlación aplicada por el Coeficiente de Pearson permitió comprobar la relación existente entre los resultados del aprendizaje para la lectura y la escritura respecto a las variables a considerar en la estrategia. Se demuestran los resultados positivos relevantes en la aplicación de la estrategia por la comparación de las variables seleccionadas con diferencia significativa entre los valores medios, comprobados con la prueba ANOVA, nivel de significancia igual a 0,0018<0,05, por lo que la gamificación contribuyó a mejorar los niveles de lectoescritura.

ABSTRACT Introduction: A high percentage of patients that have suffered from covid-19 refer a series of clinical manifestations that persist after the original pattern. One of the population groups in which this happens most frequently is the elderly, to whom maximum care should be paid. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the combined modality therapy in elderly with psychosomatic manifestations due to postcovid-19 syndrome. Methods: A quasi-experiment study without control group of therapeutic intervention was carried out at Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso General Teaching Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from March to May, 2021. The population studied was made up of 25 patients of 60 years and over with postcovid-19 syndrome, who presented psychosomatic manifestations and received combined modality treatment (group psychotherapy and floral therapy). Sex, age and psychosomatic manifestations were analyzed as variables, as well as the response to treatment, which effectiveness was evaluated according to the proportion of patients with a satisfactory response, taking into account a significance level of 5 %. Results: There was a prevalence of the male sex and the 65-69 and 70-74 age groups. The most frequent manifestations were dyspnea, asthenia and anxiety. After applying the combined modality therapy, a significant proportion of patients with a favorable condition was achieved, since the number of psychosomatic manifestations decreased. Conclusions: Combined modality therapy was effective to reduce the number of psychosomatic manifestations in elderly with postcovid-19 syndrome.

RESUMEN Introducción: Un elevado porcentaje de pacientes que han padecido la covid-19 refiere una serie de manifestaciones clínicas que persisten luego del cuadro original. Uno de los grupos poblacionales en el que esto ocurre con mayor frecuencia es el de adultos mayores, a los cuales se les debe prestar máxima atención. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de la terapia multimodal en ancianos con manifestaciones psicosomáticas por síndrome poscovid-19. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental de intervención terapéutica, sin grupo de control, en el Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, durante el periodo de marzo a mayo de 2021. La población estudiada se conformó por 25 pacientes de 60 y más años de edad con síndrome poscovid-19, quienes presentaron manifestaciones psicosomáticas y recibieron tratamiento multimodal (psicoterapia grupal y terapia floral). Se analizaron las variables sexo, edad, manifestaciones psicosomáticas y respuesta al tratamiento, cuya efectividad se evaluó según la proporción de pacientes con respuesta satisfactoria, considerando un nivel de significación de 5 %. Resultados: Predominaron el sexo masculino y los grupos etarios de 65-69 y 70-74 años. Las manifestaciones más frecuentes fueron la disnea, la astenia y la ansiedad. Después de aplicar la terapia multimodal, se logró una proporción significativa de pacientes con condición favorable, pues disminuyó el número de manifestaciones psicosomáticas. Conclusiones: La terapia multimodal resultó ser efectiva para reducir el número de manifestaciones psicosomáticas en los adultos mayores con síndrome poscovid-19.

Abstract Objective: The aim of the study is to show for the first time how aflibercept affects endometriosis lesions. Material and methods: Surgically induced endometriosis in Wistar albino female rats. Rats with endometriosis were randomly divided into three groups: control (Co), aflibercept (Af), and leuprolide acetate (Le). Then, Af, aflibercept, and Le received leuprolide acetate. The control group was not treated. The weights and changes in intra-abdominal adhesions of the rats before and after treatment were recorded according to the Blauer adhesion score. Blood extracted for sacrifice was analyzed. Endometriotic lesions were evaluated for size, volume, histology, and immunohistochemistry (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] and CD31). Significance level was accepted as p < 0.05. Results: Aflibercept significantly reduced endometrial implant volume (p = 0.002). The explant epithelial histological score showed a significant difference between aflibercept and leuprolide acetate (p = 0.006) and between aflibercept and control groups (p = 0.002). Aflibercept decreased VEGF-H and CD31 expression (p = 0.001) more than leuprolide acetate. Aflibercept improved adhesions (p = 0.006). Conclusion: Aflibercept is more successful than leuprolide acetate in the treatment of endometriosis.

Resumen Objetivo: Mostrar por primera vez cómo afecta aflibercept a las lesiones de endometriosis. Material y métodos: Endometriosis inducida quirúrgicamente en ratas hembras albinas Wistar. Las ratas con endometriosis se dividieron aleatoriamente en tres grupos: control (Co), aflibercept (Af) y acetato de leuprolida (Le). Luego, Af, aflibercept y Le recibieron acetato de leuprolida. El grupo de control no fue tratado. Los pesos y cambios en las adherencias intraabdominales de las ratas antes y después del tratamiento se registraron de acuerdo con la puntuación de adherencia de Blauer. La sangre extraída para el sacrificio fue analizada. Las lesiones endometriósicas se evaluaron en tamaño, volumen, histología e inmunohistoquímica (factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular [VEGF] y CD31). El nivel de significación se aceptó como p < 0.05. Resultados: Aflibercept redujo significativamente el volumen del implante endometrial (p = 0.002). La puntuación histológica epitelial (EHS) del explante mostró una diferencia significativa entre aflibercept y acetato de leuprolida (p = 0.006) y entre los grupos de aflibercept y control (p = 0.002). Aflibercept disminuyó la expresión de VEGF-H y CD31 (p = 0.001) más que el acetato de leuprolida. Aflibercept mejoró las adherencias (p = 0.006). Conclusión: Aflibercept tiene más éxito que el acetato de leuprolide en el tratamiento de la endometriosis.

Objective: to associate polypharmacy and medication classes with the risk of falls in the elderly. Method: cross-sectional and quantitative study, carried out in a Specialty Medical Outpatient Clinic in the city of São Paulo – SP, with 117 elderly people, from March to November 2019. Data collection was carried out by fully transcribing the prescriptions into an individual form and the Downton Falls Risk Scale. To compare the risk of falls with polypharmacy and medication classes, the Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square tests were used. In all comparative analyzes a significance level of 5% and a confidence interval of 95% were used. Results: The risk of falls showed a significant correlation with the number of medications, an average of 5.8 per day (p&lt;0.0001) and the medication classes, antihypertensives (p&lt;0.0001), oral antidiabetics (p=0.027), diuretics (p&lt;0.0001) and antidepressants (p=0.042). Conclusion and implications for practice: therefore, the importance of evaluating factors related to the increased risk of falls is highlighted, for subsequent planning and implementation of strategies to deal with adverse reactions and the measures to be taken to ensure the effectiveness and safety of drug treatment.

Objetivo: associar a polifarmácia e as classes medicamentosas com o risco de quedas em idosos. Método: estudo transversal e quantitativo, realizado em um Ambulatório Médico de Especialidades na cidade de São Paulo – SP, com 117 idosos, no período de março a novembro de 2019. A coleta dos dados foi realizada pela transcrição integral dos receituários para um formulário individual e pela Escala de Risco de Quedas de Downton. Para comparar o risco de quedas com a polimedicação e as classes medicamentosas foram utilizados os testes de Mann-Whitney e o Qui-Quadrado. Em todas as análises comparativas foi utilizado um nível de significância de 5% e intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados: O risco de quedas apresentou correlação significativa com o número de medicamentos, média de 5,8 ao dia (p&lt;0,0001) e as classes medicamentosas, os anti-hipertensivos (p&lt;0,0001), os antidiabéticos orais (p=0,027), os diuréticos (p&lt;0,0001) e os antidepressivos (p=0,042). Conclusão e implicações para a prática: portanto, ressalta-se a importância da avaliação dos fatores relacionados ao aumento do risco de quedas, para posterior realização de um planejamento e implementação de estratégias no cuidado das reações adversas e nas medidas a serem tomadas para garantir a efetividade e segurança do tratamento medicamentoso.

Peri-implant disease (PID) is a general term for inflammatory diseases of soft and hard tissues that occur around implants, including peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Cytokines are a class of small molecule proteins, which have various functions such as regulating innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and repairing damaged tissues. In order to explore the characteristics and clinical significance of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression levels in serum of patients with peri-implant disease, 31 patients with PID and 31 patients without PID were enrolled. The modified plaque index (mPLI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), and peri-implant probing depth (PD) were recorded. The levels of serum TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-β1 were detected by ELISA. TNF-α, mPLI, mSBI, and PD levels were significantly higher in the PID group. TGF-β1 levels were significantly higher in the control group. There was a significant positive correlation between TNF-α and mPLI, mSBI, and PD. TGF-β1 was negatively associated with TNF-α, mPLI, mSBI, and PD. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that TNF-α and PD were risk factors for the severity of PID. The receiver operating curve analysis showed that high TNF-α levels (cut-off value of 140 pg/mL) and greater PD values (cut-off value of 4 mm) were good predictors of PID severity with an area under the curve of 0.922. These results indicated that TNF-α and PD can be used as a biological indicator for diagnosing the occurrence and progression of PID.

Abstract The scope of this article is to analyze the evolution of the distribution of dentists and undergraduate courses in Dentistry in Brazil between 1960 and 2022, based on institutional data and its correlation with economic and demographic data. The proportions between number of dentists and population were calculated for the federative units in different periods, and the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) was used. to determine the concentration of dentists, population and undergraduate courses in Dentistry. The Pearson test was used, with a significance level of 95%, to test the correlation between variables. In the period from 1960 to 2022, the ratio of dentists per 10,000 inhabitants increased from 3.3 to 16.9. Moreover in 2022, the federative units with the highest average household income per capita were closely correlated with the highest concentration of dentists (R2= 0.90; p < 0.00). However, from 1975 to 2022, the concentration of dentists measured by the HHI dropped from 45.1 to 33.4. The decrease in the geographic concentration of Dentistry courses was even more pronounced, with the HHI rising from 39.3 in 1991, to 25.6 in 2022.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a evolução da distribuição de dentistas e cursos de graduação em odontologia no Brasil entre 1960 e 2022, a partir de dados institucionais e de sua correlação com dados econômicos e demográficos. Foram calculadas as proporções entre número de dentistas e população para as unidades federativas em diferentes períodos, e para determinar a concentração de dentistas, da população e dos cursos de graduação em odontologia,foi utilizado o índice Herfindahl-Hirschman (HHI). Para testar a correlação entre variáveis foi empregado o teste de Pearson, com um nível de significância de 95%. Entre 1960 e 2022, a proporção de dentistas por 10 mil habitantes aumentou de 3,3 para 16,9. Ainda em 2022, as unidades federativas com maior renda média domiciliar per capita estavam fortemente correlacionadas à maior concentração de dentistas (R2 = 0,90; p < 0,00). Entretanto, de 1975 a 2022, a concentração de dentistas medida pelo HHI caiu de 45,1 para 33,4. A diminuição da concentração geográfica dos cursos de odontologia foi ainda mais pronunciada, tendo o HHI passado de 39,3 em 1991 para 25,6 em 2022.

Abstract Objective: In this study, a comparative evaluation of the physicochemical properties of Cention N and other direct restorative materials was performed. Three restorative materials—a resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC), an alkasite-based resinous material (Cention N), and a resin composite (Tetric N Ceram)—were characterized in terms of degree of conversion, Knoop hardness number (KHN) ratio, flexural strength, elastic modulus, water sorption, water solubility, microshear bond strength to dentin, immediate microleakage, and radiopacity. Methodology: The microshear bond strength to dentin and microleakage of Cention N were evaluated with and without the application of an adhesive system (Tetric N Bond Universal). A one-way ANOVA test was used to analyze the data in terms of degree of conversion, KHN ratio, water sorption, water solubility, microshear bond strength to dentin, and radiopacity. A two-way ANOVA test (carried out considering the material type and ethanol aging as factors) was used to analyze the data in terms of flexural strength and elastic modulus. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to statistically analyze the data on microleakage. A significance level of α=0.05 was used for all tests. Results: Fuji II LC was found to have the highest degree of conversion, water sorption, and microleakage, as well as the lowest flexural strength. Cention N had the highest solubility; when used with an adhesive system, it achieved bond strength and microleakage similar to those of the Tetric N Ceram composite. Tetric N Ceram had the highest degree of conversion, KHN ratio, and radiopacity. Conclusion: The properties of Cention N validate its efficacy as an alternative direct restorative material when used in conjunction with an adhesive system.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effect of oropharyngeal colostrum immunotherapy (OCI) on the mortality of preterm newborns (PTNB) with very low birth weight (VLBW). Method Non-randomized clinical trial, carried out with 138 mother-child pairs attended at a public maternity hospital. The treatment group used raw colostrum, dripping 4 drops (0.2 ml) into the oropharyngeal mucosa, totaling 8 administrations in 24 h, up to the 7th complete day of life (OCI). The control group was composed of newborns admitted to the same maternity hospital before the implementation of the OCI. Analyzes were performed: descriptive, bivariate, multiple logistic regression, and survival analysis, with a significance level of 5% and 95% CI. Results The treatment group had an RR of death of 0.26 (95% CI = 0.07-0.67; p= 0.00), adjusted for maternal age, marital status, gestational hypertension, type of delivery, number of prenatal visits, and birth weight. Number Needed to Treat (NNT) demonstrated that for every 5 individuals treated with OCI, one death was prevented NNT = 4.9 (95% CI = 1.84-5.20); however, for PTNB with VLBW who remained hospitalized for 50, 100 and 150 days, the NNT reduces to 4, 4 and 3, respectively. Conclusion The OCI proved to be a beneficial intervention, since it reduced the risk of mortality in PTNB with VLBW when compared to the control group.

Abstract The scope of this article is to analyze the evolution of the distribution of dentists and undergraduate courses in Dentistry in Brazil between 1960 and 2022, based on institutional data and its correlation with economic and demographic data. The proportions between number of dentists and population were calculated for the federative units in different periods, and the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) was used. to determine the concentration of dentists, population and undergraduate courses in Dentistry. The Pearson test was used, with a significance level of 95%, to test the correlation between variables. In the period from 1960 to 2022, the ratio of dentists per 10,000 inhabitants increased from 3.3 to 16.9. Moreover in 2022, the federative units with the highest average household income per capita were closely correlated with the highest concentration of dentists (R2= 0.90; p < 0.00). However, from 1975 to 2022, the concentration of dentists measured by the HHI dropped from 45.1 to 33.4. The decrease in the geographic concentration of Dentistry courses was even more pronounced, with the HHI rising from 39.3 in 1991, to 25.6 in 2022.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a evolução da distribuição de dentistas e cursos de graduação em odontologia no Brasil entre 1960 e 2022, a partir de dados institucionais e de sua correlação com dados econômicos e demográficos. Foram calculadas as proporções entre número de dentistas e população para as unidades federativas em diferentes períodos, e para determinar a concentração de dentistas, da população e dos cursos de graduação em odontologia,foi utilizado o índice Herfindahl-Hirschman (HHI). Para testar a correlação entre variáveis foi empregado o teste de Pearson, com um nível de significância de 95%. Entre 1960 e 2022, a proporção de dentistas por 10 mil habitantes aumentou de 3,3 para 16,9. Ainda em 2022, as unidades federativas com maior renda média domiciliar per capita estavam fortemente correlacionadas à maior concentração de dentistas (R2 = 0,90; p < 0,00). Entretanto, de 1975 a 2022, a concentração de dentistas medida pelo HHI caiu de 45,1 para 33,4. A diminuição da concentração geográfica dos cursos de odontologia foi ainda mais pronunciada, tendo o HHI passado de 39,3 em 1991 para 25,6 em 2022.

SUMMARY BACKGROUND: Antioxidants have been considered a rational curative strategy to prevent and cure liver diseases involving oxidative stress. An acute obstructive jaundice rat model was established to investigate the in vivo hepatoprotective efficacy of Rosa pimpinellifolia L. METHODS: The experimental jaundice model was performed by binding the main bile duct in 25 male Sprague-Dawley rats. All rats were randomly divided into five groups: first group: laparotomy-sham-only, second group: biliary tract binding (control), and third, fourth, and fifth groups: treatment groups with 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg fruit extracts daily, respectively. RESULTS: Considering dosage, although there was no significant therapeutic effect in the 250 mg/kg of Rosa pimpinellifolia L. group, the best results were found in the 500 mg/kg dose group, while results in the 750 mg/kg dose group showed consistent correlation with proinflammatory response. With regard to biochemical parameters, lipid hydroperoxide level in the rat serum and liver tissue was significantly decreased in all treatment groups. Amadori products, which are one of the early markers of glycol-oxidative stress, showed statistical significance in the treatment. CONCLUSION: It was revealed that the antioxidant effect of Rosa pimpinellifolia L. was more prominent in the early stages of hepatic injury secondary to oxidative stress.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Precisely determining the aspects related to an instrument's validity and reliability measures allows for greater assurance of the quality of the results. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the psychometric properties of The Providers Survey in the Brazilian context of mental health services. DESIGN AND SETTING: The instrument validation study was conducted in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: The validation study was conducted using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments checklist to analyze its validity and reliability. RESULTS: A committee of expert judges performed content validation after which the Content Validity Index was calculated. Construct validation took place through Exploratory Factor Analysis using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Test criterion and Bartlett's Sphericity Test. Reliability was verified using test-retest reliability. The significance level adopted for the statistical tests was 5% (P < 0.05). The final instrument comprised 54 questions. The Content Validity Index was 97%. Exploratory Factor Analysis identified a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index of 0.901 and Bartlett's Sphericity Test with P < 0.001. We obtained a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.95 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.849. CONCLUSIONS: The Providers Survey, translated and adapted into Portuguese, was named the Work Assessment Instrument for the Recovery of Mental Health. It presented adequate psychometric properties for evaluating work-related practices for the recovery of psychosocial care network users.