ABSTRACT Introduction: Stigma related to sexual identity, especially among MSM, remains a major challenge in many cultures, this stigma can appear in various ways, from explicit discrimination to more discreet stereotypes, and can negatively affect the mental and emotional health of those who suffer from it. Objective: Analyze the stigma of sexual identity and social support among men who have sex with other men in Central and Asunción, Paraguay during 2024. Methodology: Qualitative, Phenomenological Study of a descriptive and explanatory type. The analysis categories considered in this study were: a) Stigma and social support in the community in general, b) Disclosure of sexual identity to the community in general, c) Disclosure of sexual identity to family and friends and d) Stigma and social support in the LGBT community. Results: Nine MSM participated in the study, where the testimonies reveal the deep desire to live with authenticity and freedom. MSM in Paraguay want to be able to be themselves without fear of being judged or rejected, they long for open and honest relationships, and they aspire to a community where they can share experiences and support each other. Conclusion: MSM face obstacles in their growth and unity as a community. The absence of a strong and united community makes mutual support and personal development difficult, in addition to competition and lack of collaboration between organizations and individuals creating a divided environment, where everyone seeks their own benefits instead of working together for the good. of everyone.

RESUMEN Introducción: El estigma relacionado con la identidad sexual, especialmente entre HSH, sigue siendo un desafío importante en muchas culturas, este estigma puede aparecer de varias maneras, desde una discriminación explícita hasta estereotipos más discretos, y puede afectar negativamente la salud mental y emocional de quienes lo sufren. Objetivo: Analizar el estigma de identidad sexual y apoyo social entre los hombres que tienen sexo con otros hombres en Central y Asunción, Paraguay durante el 2024. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo, fenomenológico de tipo descriptivo y explicativo. Las categorías de análisis consideradas en este estudio fueron: a) Estigma y apoyo social en la comunidad en general, b) Divulgación de identidad sexual a la comunidad en general, c) Divulgación de identidad sexual a familiares y amigos y d) Estigma y apoyo social en la comunidad de LGBT. Resultados: Participaron del estudio, nueve HSH, donde los testimonios revelan el profundo anhelo de vivir con autenticidad y libertad. Los HSH en Paraguay desean poder ser ellos mismos sin temor a ser juzgados o rechazados, anhelan relaciones abiertas y honestas, y aspiran a una comunidad donde puedan compartir experiencias y apoyarse mutuamente Conclusión: Los HSH enfrentan obstáculos en su crecimiento y unión como comunidad. La ausencia de una comunidad fuerte y unida dificulta el apoyo mutuo y el desarrollo personal, además de la competencia y la falta de colaboración entre organizaciones e individuos crean un ambiente dividido, donde cada uno busca sus propios beneficios en lugar de trabajar juntos por el bien de todos.

Resumo Escritos autobiográficos com conteúdo homoerótico têm refletido constantemente as lutas entre identidades dissidentes e sistemas heteronormativos. O caso de Antes que anochezca (1992) de Reinaldo Arenas não é exceção. Portanto, a hipótese desta análise afirma que o orgulho do sujeito dissidente hipersexualizado –neste caso, um sujeito autobiográfico– aparece como uma ferramenta de desestabilização normativa diante dos sistemas sexo-gênero que promovem a masculinidade e a sexualidade heteropatriarcais. Consequentemente, o discurso de Arenas incita a uma releitura do corpo para desmontá-lo das amarras impostas pelos dispositivos de poder –especialmente aquela que corresponde à ideia do “homem novo” emanado da Revolução Cubana–. Traça também a representação de um sujeito dissidente que não adere à ideologia do Norte global, mas sim a uma visão aderente ao sistema de desejo mediterrânico, regido pela dicotomia sexual do eixo activo/passivo.

Resumen Las escrituras autobiográficas de contenido homoerótico han reflejado de manera constante las pugnas entre las identidades disidentes y los sistemas heteronormativos. El caso de Antes que anochezca (1992) de Reinaldo Arenas no es una excepción. Por ello, la hipótesis de este análisis plantea que el orgullo del sujeto disidente hipersexualizado –en este caso, un sujeto autobiográfico– aparece como una herramienta de desestabilización normativa frente los sistemas sexo-genéricos que promueven una masculinidad y sexualidad heteropatriarcales. En consecuencia, el discurso de Arenas incita a una relectura del cuerpo para desmantelarlo de las ataduras impuestas por los dispositivos del poder –en especial el que corresponde con la idea del “hombre nuevo” emanado de la Revolución cubana. Además, traza la representación de un sujeto disidente que no se ciñe a la ideología del Norte global, sino a una visión adherida al sistema del deseo mediterráneo, regida por la dicotomía sexual del eje activo/pasivo.

Abstract Autobiographical writings with homoerotic content have constantly reflected the struggles between dissident identities and heteronormative systems. The case of Antes que anochezca (1992) by Reinaldo Arenas is no exception. Therefore, the hypothesis of this analysis states that the pride of the hypersexualized dissident subject –in this case, an autobiographical subject– appears as a tool of normative destabilization in the face of sex-gender systems that promote heteropatriarchal masculinity and sexuality. Consequently, Arenas' speech incites a rereading of the body to dismantle it from the bonds imposed by the devices of power –especially that which corresponds to the idea of the “hombre nuevo” emanating from the Cuban Revolution–. It also traces the representation of a dissident subject that does not adhere to the ideology of the global North, but rather to a vision adhered to the system of Mediterranean desire, governed by the sexual dichotomy of the active/passive axis.

Abstract The way in which a society manages and provides the necessary care for its survival and reproduction is not gender neutral. This organization works, for the most part, due to the large amount of unpaid work carried out by women in the family sphere, thus affecting their equality, freedom, and dignity. This document identifies, first, the components that make up the current social organization of care in Latin America based on three dimensions of analysis: (a) sociocultural; (b) political and (c) economic. And, secondly, it proposes a selection of mechanisms that could contribute to transforming the components of that organization. The theoretical proposal of “implosion of care regimes” by Juliana Martínez Franzoni (2021) is taken as a starting point to propose a series of strategies that would contribute to dismantling the current social organization of care in the region. The work finds that, in an articulated way, these three analytical categories show the way in which women are held responsible as primary caregivers; certain public policies contribute to crystallizing gender roles that specialize women in care work and relegate them to the domestic world; and finally, it shows that the logic of the labor market responds, mainly, to a male provider model without family responsibilities, which contributes to maintaining and reproducing inequality against women.

Resumen La forma en la cual una sociedad gestiona y provee los cuidados necesarios para su supervivencia y reproducción no es neutral al género. Dicha organización funciona, en gran parte, debido a la enorme cantidad de trabajo no remunerado que realizan las mujeres en el ámbito familiar, afectando así su igualdad, libertad y dignidad. Este documento identifica, en primer lugar, los componentes que conforman la organización social de los cuidados en América Latina a partir de tres dimensiones de análisis: (a) sociocultural; (b) política y (c) económica. Y, en segundo lugar, propone una selección de mecanismos que podrían contribuir a transformar los componentes que conforman esa organización. Se toma como punto de partida la propuesta teórica de “implosión de los regímenes de cuidados” de Juliana Martínez Franzoni (2021) para proponer una serie de estrategias que contribuirían a desmontar la actual organización social de los cuidados en la región. El trabajo encuentra que, en forma articulada, estas tres categorías analíticas evidencian la forma bajo la cual se responsabiliza a las mujeres como cuidadoras primarias; ciertas políticas públicas contribuyen a cristalizar roles de género que especializan a las mujeres en el trabajo de cuidados y las relega al mundo doméstico; y finalmente, pone en evidencia que la lógica del mercado laboral responde, principalmente, a un modelo de hombre proveedor sin responsabilidades familiares, lo que contribuye a mantener y reproducir la desigualdad en contra de las mujeres.

Resumen: El presente trabajo tiene por objeto realizar un análisis crítico de los tres delitos de abuso sexual incorporados al Código Penal (CP) de Uruguay mediante la Ley n.º 19.580 (Ley de Violencia hacia las Mujeres Basada en Género). Estos son el delito de abuso sexual (art. 272-BIS del CP), el delito de abuso sexual especialmente agravado (art. 272-TER del CP) y el delito de abuso sexual sin contacto corporal (art. 273-BIS del CP). En definitiva, la finalidad de este trabajo consiste en determinar el alcance de cada una de estas figuras penales, para lo cual se analizarán los elementos comunes a todas ellas (bien jurídico protegido, sujetos involucrados y dolo directo), así como las particularidades que presenta cada uno de estos tipos penales, destacando los aciertos y errores que presenta esta nueva legislación penal

Abstract: The purpose of this work is to carry out a critical analysis of the three crimes of sexual abuse incorporated into the Penal Code (PC) of Uruguay by the Law No. 19,580 (Law on Gender-Based Violence Against Women). These are the crime of sexual abuse (art. 272-BIS of the PC), the crime of especially aggravated sexual abuse (art. 272-TER of the PC) and the crime of sexual abuse without bodily contact (art. 273-BIS of the PC). In short, the purpose of this work is to determine the scope of each of these criminal figures, for which the elements common to all of them will be analyzed (protected legal property, subjects involved and criminal intent), as well as the particularities that each of these criminal types presents, highlighting the successes and errors presented by this new criminal legislation

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma análise crítica dos três delitos de abuso sexual incorporados ao Código Penal (CP) do Uruguai por meio da Lei nº 19.580 (Lei de Violência de Gênero contra a Mulher). São eles o delito de abuso sexual (art. 272-BIS do CP), o delito de abuso sexual especialmente agravado (art. 272-TER do CP) e o delito de abuso sexual sem contato corporal (art. 273-BIS do CP). Em suma, o objetivo deste trabalho é determinar o alcance de cada uma dessas infrações penais, para o qual serão analisados os elementos comuns a todas elas (bem jurídico protegido, sujeitos envolvidos e dolo direto), bem como as particularidades que cada um desses tipos penais apresenta, destacando os acertos e erros dessa nova legislação penal

As much as Zimbabwe is considered one of the highly literate countries in the Global South, with well documented succession and inheritance laws, womenfolk continue to be stripped of their assets after the death of their husbands. This trend became even worse during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic when movement was restricted, making it difficult to access the courts of law. Using a mixed methodological approach of a desk research and qualitative interviews conducted in the Methodist Church in Zimbabwe, Zororo Comfort circuit in Harare, it has been noted that women and girls face numerous horrific experiences, pushing them to wallow in the margins of society. This study therefore calls for the church to address the vulnerability of women and girls using a deviant theory. To date, there are increasing figures of domestic violence, sexual assault, and child marriages. Financial and communal disturbances corresponding through continuous pandemic challenges for women are aggravated, and those who survive find it challenging to hunt for fairness because of stockpiled court issues and freedom for the perpetrators. The fact that women are dispossessed of their belongings because of the cultural status of being a woman calls for a cultural cue. Using a deviant theory in the narrative of a tenacious widow in the gospel of Luke 18:1-8 from a sociological dimension, this study provides a critical edge into interpreting the action of this widow who deviated from expected societal customs. The study concludes by calling faith communities to re-read the widow's story through deviant theory spectacles to raise questions on how this widow courageously represented herself from societal margin to undermine the centre (patriarchal standards) and to utilise the text as a resource for addressing the plight of women to be repositioned and be empowered in Zimbabwe. CONTRIBUTION: This study contributes to the ongoing academic studies on women, pandemics, religion and gender, using the Methodist Church in Zimbabwe, Zororo Comfort circuit as a case study. It concludes by an invitation to faith communities to re-read the widow's story using a deviant theory in order to use the text as a resource to alleviate the plight of women and empower them to the position of equilibrium with men

Since the 1970s and 1980s, BDSM - an acronym for Bondage and Discipline, Domination and Submission, Sadism and Masochism, and Fetishistic Practices - has been read by feminist movements (and black feminists) as a replication of violence and power hierarchies or as an exercise of individual freedom with an emphasis on the consent of the participants. In recent years, sexual practices that were once considered abnormal, unhealthy or sinful (Rubin, 1984) have gained visibility in mainstream culture and the marketplace, accompanied by a shift from obscenity to politically correct eroticism, and a sense of health and empowerment of the self (Gregori, 2016). In this sense, as social markers of difference function as libidinal tensors (Perlongher, 1987), we seek here to understand how "race" has functioned in the BDSM community, specifically through sexual practices with a racial background, known as race play (Schotanus, 2017).

Desde as décadas de 70 e 80, o BDSM - acrônimo para Bondage (imobilização) e Disciplina, Dominação e Submissão, Sadismo e Masoquismo, além de práticas fetichistas) tem sido lido pelos movimentos feministas (e feministas negros) ora enquanto reiteração da violência e hierarquias de poder, ora como exercício de liberdade individual com ênfase ao consentimento dos participantes. Nos últimos anos, práticas sexuais que eram consideradas anormais, doentias ou pecaminosas (Rubin,1984) ganharam visibilidade na cultura e mercado mainstream, acompanhando um deslocamento da leitura da obscenidade para um erotismo politicamente correto, adquirindo um sentido de saúde e fortalecimento do eu (Gregori, 2016). Nesse sentido, à medida que os marcadores sociais da diferença operam enquanto tensores libidinais (Perlongher, 1987), buscamos aqui compreender de que modo “raça” tem operado na comunidade BDSM, especificamente a partir das práticas sexuais com pano de fundo racial conhecidos como race play (Schotanus, 2017).

Abstract This article aims to explore some of the relationships that cross two fields of social life that Axel Honneth discusses in Freedom’s Right - families and law. To this end, makes use of a normative reconstruction, which allows to trace the general development of functionally differentiated spheres and to observe the relationships between these spheres which impact the internal realization of its normative promises. The families headed by lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transvestites and transsexuals appear here as indicators of family relationships specialization and democratization. They also appear as a paradigmatic case of the relationships between families and law. Freedoms Freedom s law end reconstruction promises lesbians gays bisexuals democratization

Resumo O artigo procura explorar algumas das relações que atravessam dois dos campos da vida social investigados por Axel Honneth em O direito da liberdade: as famílias e o direito. Para tanto, lança mão da reconstrução normativa, que permite esboçar o desenvolvimento geral de esferas funcionalmente diferenciadas e observar as relações que intercorrem entre umas e outras a ponto de impactar a realização interna de suas promessas normativas. As famílias constituídas por lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis e transexuais aparecem, aqui, como indicadores tanto da especialização como da democratização das relações familiares. Aparecem, também, como caso paradigmático das relações que intercorrem entre famílias e direito. liberdade normativa normativas lésbicas gays bissexuais aparecem aqui familiares Aparecem também

Abstract This study compares temporal trends in violent deaths of children and adolescents and analyzes differences in incidents of violence classified and not classified as a crime. We analyzed data from the Mortality Information System and State of Maranhão Public Security Department for the period 2014 to 2020. Child and adolescent were defined as aged 0-11 and 12-17 years old, respectively. Types of violence were organized according to the groups, subgroups, and types of crimes set out in Brazil’s penal code. A total of 1,326 deaths and 8,187 incidents of violence were reported, both of which were more frequent in adolescents. The most frequent types of violence in children and adolescentes, respectively, were: abduction of incapable persons (p < 0.001), abandonment of incapable persons (p = 0.045), rape of vulnerable persons (p = 0.003); homicides (p < 0.001), crimes against individual freedom (p = 0.004), crimes against sexual freedom (p < 0.001), psychological violence (p = 0.034). Domestic violence with bodily harm was more frequent in girls (p < 0.001), while severe bodily harm (p=0.002), homicide (p < 0.001), and harassment (p < 0.001) were more frequent in boys. The findings reveal differences over time in deaths and incidents of violence classified and not classified as crime among both children and adolescents. 201 2020 011 0 11 0-1 1217 12 17 12-1 old respectively groups subgroups Brazils Brazil s code 1326 1 326 1,32 8187 8 187 8,18 reported adolescentes p 0.001, 0001 0.001 , 001 0.045, 0045 0.045 045 0.045) 0.003 0003 003 0.003) 0.004, 0004 0.004 004 0.004) 0.034. 0034 0.034 . 034 0.034) p=0.002, p0002 p=0.002 002 (p=0.002) boys 20 202 01 0- 121 12- 132 32 1,3 818 18 8,1 000 0.00 00 0.04 04 0.03 03 p000 p=0.00 (p=0.002 2 13 3 1, 81 8, 0.0 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 0. p0 p=0. (p=0.0 p=0 (p=0. p= (p=0 (p=

Resumo O presente estudo compara tendências temporais de óbitos por violências contra crianças e adolescentes e analisa diferenças em ocorrências tipificadas ou não como crimes. Foram analisados dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade e da Secretaria de Segurança Pública do Estado do Maranhão, Brasil, de 2014-2020. Crianças e adolescentes foram definidos respectivamente como pessoas com 0-11 e 12-17 anos. Tipos de violências foram organizados segundo grupos, subgrupos e tipos penais do Código Penal Brasileiro. Foram contabilizados 1.326 óbitos e 8.187 ocorrências, mais frequentes na adolescência. Subtração de incapazes (p < 0,001), abandono de incapaz (p = 0,045) e estupro de vulnerável (p = 0,003) predominaram na infância. Homicídios (p < 0,001), crimes contra a liberdade individual (p = 0,004), crimes contra a liberdade sexual (p < 0,001) e violência psicológica (p = 0,034) foram mais frequentes na adolescência. Violência doméstica com lesão corporal predominou no sexo feminino (p < 0,001). Lesões corporais graves (p = 0,002), homicídios (p < 0,001) e constrangimento ilegal (p < 0,001) vitimizaram mais adolescentes do sexo masculino. Houve diferenças temporais em óbitos e ocorrências de violências contra crianças e adolescentes, assim como em características de violências tipificadas ou não como crimes. Maranhão Brasil 20142020. 20142020 2014 2020. 2020 2014-2020 011 0 11 0-1 1217 12 17 12-1 anos grupos Brasileiro 1326 1 326 1.32 8187 8 187 8.18 adolescência p 0,001, 0001 0,001 , 001 0,045 0045 045 0,003 0003 003 infância 0,004, 0004 0,004 004 0,004) 0,034 0034 034 0,001. . 0,002, 0002 0,002 002 0,002) masculino 2014202 201 202 2014-202 01 0- 121 12- 132 32 1.3 818 18 8.1 000 0,00 00 0,04 04 0,03 03 201420 20 2014-20 13 3 1. 81 8. 0,0 20142 2 2014-2 0, 2014-

Basado en la incorporación de la profilaxis previa a la exposición (PrEP) como una estrategia de prevención contra el VIH, y considerando la necesidad de entender el uso de medicación entre gente joven, este artículo analiza narrativas de hombres gais y mujeres transgénero de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, que participan en el estudio PrEP1519. Esta es una investigación cualitativa, basada en la antropología interpretativa, desarrollada por 10 entrevistas en profundidad con usuarios de PrEP, a quienes se les realizó un seguimiento durante al menos tres meses entre octubre y noviembre de 2019. Los resultados mostraron que la medicación fue considerada como la principal motivación de participar en el estudio y como una estrategia combinada con el uso de condones, ya sea como prevención adicional, o asumiendo el papel principal. La medicación reveló signos de estar construida por el desempeño del género y su relación con otros medicamentos, especialmente la experiencia de las chicas trans en la terapia hormonal. Respecto a la socialización del uso del PrEP, las narrativas mostraron que no había secretos entre las parejas, lo cual no significó que no existieran estigmas en la asociación con el VIH, principalmente en contexto virtual. En el ambiente familiar, se informó de cuestiones sobre la función preventiva de la medicación y la naturaleza voluntaria de participar en el estudio. Las narrativas de ellos jóvenes revelaron significados plurales de la medicación y su uso social, formando parte del desempeño tanto de los chicos como de las chicas. Los signos atribuidos a la medicación indicaron que además de mantener la salud, la medicación mejora la vida y la libertad sexual. PrEP (PrEP VIH joven Horizonte Gerais Brasil PrEP1519 cualitativa interpretativa 1 2019 condones adicional medicamentos hormonal parejas virtual familiar social salud sexual PrEP151 201 PrEP15 20 PrEP1 2

Based on the incorporation of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) as an HIV prevention strategy and considering the need to comprehend the use of medication among young people, this article analyzes narratives of gay men and transgender women from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, participating in the PrEP1519 study. This is a qualitative research, based on the interpretative anthropology, developed by 10 in-depth interviews with PrEP users followed-up for at least three months between October and November 2019. The results showed that the drug was seen as the main motivation for participating in the study and as a strategy combined with the use of condoms, whether as additional prevention, or assuming the leading role. The medication revealed signs built by the gender performances and their relation to other medications, especially the experience of trans girls in hormonal therapy. Regarding the socialization of the use of PrEP, the narratives showed that there was no secret between the couples, which did not meant that stigmas on the association with HIV did not exist, mainly in the virtual context. In the family environment, they reported questions about the preventive function of the medication and the voluntary nature of the participation in the study. The youth’s narratives revealed plural meanings of the medication and its social use, composing both the boys’ and girls’ performances. The signs attributed to the medication indicated that in addition to maintenance of health, the medication improves life and sexual freedom. preexposure pre exposure (PrEP people Horizonte State Brazil PrEP151 research anthropology 1 indepth depth followedup followed up 2019 condoms role medications therapy couples exist context environment youths youth s boys health freedom PrEP15 201 PrEP1 20 2

Com base na incorporação da profilaxia pré-exposição (PrEP) como estratégia para a prevenção do HIV, e considerando a necessidade de compreender o uso da medicação entre jovens, o artigo analisa as narrativas de homens gays e mulheres transgênero da cidade de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, participantes no estudo PrEP1519. A pesquisa qualitativa, baseada na antropologia interpretativa, foi desenvolvida através de 10 entrevistas em profundidade com usuários de PrEP acompanhados durante pelo menos três meses entre outubro e novembro de 2019. Os resultados mostraram que o medicamento era visto como a principal motivação para participar no estudo e como estratégia combinada com o uso de preservativos, seja como prevenção adicional ou assumindo o papel principal. A medicação revelou sinais elaborados pelas performances de gênero e sua relação com outros medicamentos, principalmente a experiência de meninas trans em uso de hormonioterapia. Quanto à socialização do uso da PrEP, as narrativas mostraram que não havia segredo entre os casais, o que não significava a inexistência de estigma em relação à associação com HIV, principalmente no contexto virtual. No ambiente familiar, os participantes relatavam questões sobre a função preventiva da medicação e a natureza voluntária da participação no estudo. As narrativas dos jovens revelaram sentidos plurais atribuídos à medicação e ao seu uso social, compondo as performances tanto dos meninos quanto das meninas. Os sinais atribuídos à medicação indicaram que além da manutenção da saúde, a medicação melhora a vida e a liberdade sexual dos usuários. préexposição pré exposição (PrEP HIV Horizonte Gerais Brasil PrEP1519 qualitativa interpretativa 1 2019 preservativos medicamentos hormonioterapia casais virtual familiar social saúde PrEP151 201 PrEP15 20 PrEP1 2

Abstract The objective of this article was to analyze which violence affect women living in rural contexts. An integrative review was carried out in the databases VHL, SciELO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Redalyc, and REDIB, without restriction of language and period, of Brazilian articles, with the terms: violence against women, intimate partner violence, domestic violence, gender-based and rural violence. The 23 articles included were analyzed qualitatively and organized into two categories: the multiple violence against women in rural contexts (18 articles) and the invisible and silenced violence against women in rural contexts (five articles). A multiplicity of violence was observed, such as domestic, gender, intimate partner, and institutional. Physical, psychological, sexual, moral, patrimonial violence, as well as femicide, devaluation of work, financial dependence, deprivation, and control of freedom, intense working hours, and lack of access to public funding, potentiated by the rural context itself, stand out. Rural women are, therefore, systematically silenced in the face of the gender oppression and violence they experience. In addition, the silencing also occurs due to the lack of research in the area and even the non-differentiation between rural and urban in the records and collected data. VHL SciELO MEDLINE Science Scopus EMBASE Redalyc REDIB period terms genderbased based 2 categories 18 (1 five articles. . observed institutional Physical psychological sexual moral femicide work dependence deprivation freedom hours funding itself are therefore experience addition nondifferentiation non differentiation data 1 (

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar quais violências acometem as mulheres que vivem em contextos rurais. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa nas bases BVS, SciELO, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Redalyc e Redib, sem restrição de idioma e período, de artigos brasileiros, com os termos: violência contra a mulher, violência entre parceiros íntimos, violência doméstica, violência de gênero e rural. Os 23 artigos incluídos foram analisados de forma qualitativa e organizados em duas categorias: as múltiplas violências contra as mulheres em contextos rurais (18 artigos) e a violência invisibilizada e silenciada contra as mulheres em contextos rurais (cinco artigos). Observou-se uma multiplicidade de violências, como doméstica, de gênero, entre parceiros íntimos e institucional. Destacam-se as violências física, psicológica, sexual, moral, patrimonial, além de feminicídio, desvalorização do trabalho, dependência financeira, privação e controle de liberdade, jornadas de trabalho intensas e falta de acesso a financiamentos públicos, potencializadas próprio contexto rural. As mulheres rurais, portanto, são sistematicamente silenciadas diante da opressão de gênero e violência que vivem. Além disso, o silenciamento também ocorre pela falta de pesquisas na área e até mesmo a não diferenciação entre rural e urbano nos registros e dados coletados. BVS SciELO Medline Science Scopus Embase Redib período brasileiros termos mulher doméstica 2 categorias 18 (1 cinco artigos. . Observouse Observou se institucional Destacamse Destacam física psicológica sexual moral patrimonial feminicídio financeira liberdade públicos portanto disso coletados 1 (

Abstract This article proposes an approach to the ways of reading dissent in the novel Habitaciones by Emma Barrandéguy, a story in which memory orders the birth and ramification of an erotic search, built by someone who thinks of a place of subordination but that, from there, strategically exercises criticism of what subordinates it. Published in 2002, although written in the 1950s —long before sexual dissent was theorized— the novel deals with reflections on freedom and sexuality, building a testimonial fiction of transgression and opposition, which earned it critical criticism. I inscribed it in the Argentine literary tradition as one of the first queer novels. From this framework, we propose to consider that they allow to build some questions that are part of the debates on traditions and ruptures, relations between textuality and sexuality and between body and writing.

Resumen Este artículo propone una aproximación a los modos de lectura de las disidencias en la novela Habitaciones de Emma Barrandéguy, relato en el que la memoria ordena el nacimiento y la ramificación de una búsqueda erótica, construida por alguien que se piensa en un lugar de subordinación pero que, desde allí, ejerce estratégicamente la crítica a aquello que la subordina. Publicada en 2002 aunque escrita en la década de 1950 —mucho antes de que se teorizara sobre las disidencias sexuales— la novela aborda reflexiones sobre la libertad y la sexualidad, construyendo una ficción testimonial de transgresión y de oposición, lo que le valió que la crítica la inscriba en la tradición literaria argentina como una de las primeras novelas queer. Desde este marco, planteamos consideraciones que permiten construir algunos interrogantes que se inscriben en los debates sobre tradiciones y rupturas, relaciones entre textualidad y sexualidad y entre cuerpo y escritura.

Abstract This study compares temporal trends in violent deaths of children and adolescents and analyzes differences in incidents of violence classified and not classified as a crime. We analyzed data from the Mortality Information System and State of Maranhão Public Security Department for the period 2014 to 2020. Child and adolescent were defined as aged 0-11 and 12-17 years old, respectively. Types of violence were organized according to the groups, subgroups, and types of crimes set out in Brazil’s penal code. A total of 1,326 deaths and 8,187 incidents of violence were reported, both of which were more frequent in adolescents. The most frequent types of violence in children and adolescentes, respectively, were: abduction of incapable persons (p < 0.001), abandonment of incapable persons (p = 0.045), rape of vulnerable persons (p = 0.003); homicides (p < 0.001), crimes against individual freedom (p = 0.004), crimes against sexual freedom (p < 0.001), psychological violence (p = 0.034). Domestic violence with bodily harm was more frequent in girls (p < 0.001), while severe bodily harm (p=0.002), homicide (p < 0.001), and harassment (p < 0.001) were more frequent in boys. The findings reveal differences over time in deaths and incidents of violence classified and not classified as crime among both children and adolescents.

Resumo O presente estudo compara tendências temporais de óbitos por violências contra crianças e adolescentes e analisa diferenças em ocorrências tipificadas ou não como crimes. Foram analisados dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade e da Secretaria de Segurança Pública do Estado do Maranhão, Brasil, de 2014-2020. Crianças e adolescentes foram definidos respectivamente como pessoas com 0-11 e 12-17 anos. Tipos de violências foram organizados segundo grupos, subgrupos e tipos penais do Código Penal Brasileiro. Foram contabilizados 1.326 óbitos e 8.187 ocorrências, mais frequentes na adolescência. Subtração de incapazes (p < 0,001), abandono de incapaz (p = 0,045) e estupro de vulnerável (p = 0,003) predominaram na infância. Homicídios (p < 0,001), crimes contra a liberdade individual (p = 0,004), crimes contra a liberdade sexual (p < 0,001) e violência psicológica (p = 0,034) foram mais frequentes na adolescência. Violência doméstica com lesão corporal predominou no sexo feminino (p < 0,001). Lesões corporais graves (p = 0,002), homicídios (p < 0,001) e constrangimento ilegal (p < 0,001) vitimizaram mais adolescentes do sexo masculino. Houve diferenças temporais em óbitos e ocorrências de violências contra crianças e adolescentes, assim como em características de violências tipificadas ou não como crimes.

The Ghanaian Parliament is currently considering the passage of a law to re-criminalise consensual same-sex conduct between adults in private. If passed into law, the Anti-LGBTQ+ Bill will usher in a 'second wave' of criminalisation of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, queer (LGBTIQ+) conduct and related activity. Section 104(1) (b) of the Criminal Offences Act of Ghana already criminalises 'unnatural carnal knowledge', which targets sexual conduct between persons of the same sex. The proponents of the Bill, a group of parliamentarians, argue that homosexuals do not have rights that can be protected by law. They also argue that homosexuality is against the culture and religion of most Ghanaians and, therefore, should be criminalised. The proposed law seeks to uphold the sanctity of a so-called Ghanaian family and cultural values by criminalising the right to free speech, including academic freedom; freedom of movement and association; and imposes an obligation on every Ghanaian to promote the contents of the Bill, including reporting homosexuals and homosexual activity to the police. This article argues that the foundational argument on which the Bill hinges is flawed, misconceived, and a total mischaracterisation of fundamental human rights enshrined in the 1992 Constitution of Ghana. In addition, viewed from a socio-legal, historical and anthropological perspective, the Bill is an unnecessary and misconceived exercise which, if successful, would derail the democratic gains Ghana has made over the years. Overall, the central arguments in support of the Bill fall short of the minimum threshold to limit the constitutional rights of persons in Ghana.

Resumen Introducción: Colombia es un país que enfrenta diversas situaciones provenientes de la falta de educación sexual y educación en salud adecuada: casos de abuso sexual, embarazos en niñas menores de catorce años y la incidencia y prevalencia de la incontinencia urinaria por afectación del piso pélvico. Objetivo: El presente artículo busca dar cuenta del desconocimiento en temas de salud sexual y sus consecuencias, evidenciar los beneficios que podrían generar las intervenciones de educación sexual integral en el país y reflexionar sobre el rol del fisioterapeuta en la rehabilitación y prevención de disfunciones del piso pélvico en las mujeres. Reflexión: Si se incorporaran procesos de fisioterapia pélvica como componente preventivo, que incluya educación, se podría reducir el desconocimiento, el riesgo de vulneración de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos y futuras disfunciones del piso pélvico. La importancia de la educación desde la fisioterapia radica en que las mujeres reconozcan que, al aumentar la fuerza de su musculatura, están cuidando de su piso pélvico hasta edades avanzadas, en las que se estima que la prevalencia de incontinencia urinaria es del 34%. Conclusiones: Un programa de educación sexual impartido desde el currículo podría disminuir las condiciones de salud del piso pélvico, así como los factores de riesgo de abuso sexual. Además, permitiría el acompañamiento médico adecuado para orientar el inicio de la vida sexual en un proceso seguro y consciente, así como la expresión de la sexualidad con libertad, al ser concebida como un derecho.

Abstract Introduction: Colombia is a country that faces various situations stemming from the lack of sexual education and adequate health education: cases of sexual abuse, pregnancies in girls under fourteen years old, and the incidence and prevalence of urinary incontinence due to pelvic floor involvement. Aim: This article seeks to account for the lack of knowledge about sexual health issues and their consequences. Also, to show the benefits that comprehensive sexuality education interventions could generate in the country. Finally, to reflect on the physiotherapist's role in the rehabilitation and prevention of pelvic floor dysfunctions in women. Reflection: If pelvic physiotherapy processes were incorporated as a preventive component, including sexual education, it could reduce ignorance, the risk of violation of sexual and reproductive rights, and future dysfunctions of the pelvic floor. The importance of physiotherapy´s education is that women recognize that, by increasing the strength of their muscles, they are taking care of their pelvic floor until advanced ages, in which it is estimated that the prevalence of urinary incontinence is 34%. Conclusions: A sexual education program taught from the curriculum could reduce the health conditions of the pelvic floor, as well as the risk factors for sexual abuse. It would also allow adequate medical support to guide the beginning of sexual life in a safe and conscious process, as well as the expression of sexuality with freedom as it is conceived as a right.

Abstract This article analyzes one of the problems considered of significant importance from a social and legal perspective, with negative implications for society, and in particular for children and adolescents, a group of the population that due to their physical and psychological conditions are considered vulnerable, and therefore deserve special and priority attention from the State and its agencies: crimes against sexual freedom, acts that are committed against the victim's will, by intimidating the victim or threatening the victim's family members; these acts of a sexual nature cause physical and psychological damage to those who suffer the aggression and those close to them, and violate the integrity and modesty of persons. In this order, sexual exploitation of persons, forced prostitution, pornography, sexual violence, harassment and abuse, rape, use of persons for public exhibition for sexual purposes, contact with this same affinity and offer of services by electronic means, trafficking in persons; are the most common crimes against sexual freedom. The objective was to analyze the main crimes of this type and their incidence in the most vulnerable population. The methods used were: qualitative, quantitative, descriptive and bibliographic, which implied the review of documentary material, complaints and reports from the prosecutor's office related to the object of study, obtaining results and their interpretation by means of figures with statistical data. The study period focused on the years 2018 - 2021 in the Province of Tungurahua, Ecuador.

Resumen En el presente artículo se analiza uno de los problemas considerado de significativa importancia desde la perspectiva social y jurídica, con implicaciones negativas para la sociedad, y en particular para la niñez y adolescencia, grupo de la población que por sus condiciones físicas y psicológicas son considerados como vulnerables, y por tanto, merecen especial y prioritaria atención del Estado y sus organismos: los delitos contra la libertad sexual, hechos que son consumados en contra de la voluntad, mediante la intimidación de la víctima o amenazas en contra de sus familiares; estos actos de naturaleza sexual provocan daños a nivel físico y psicológico en quien sufre la agresión y en sus allegados, se atenta contra la integridad y al pudor de las personas. En este orden, la explotación sexual de personas, prostitución forzada, pornografía, violencia sexual, acoso y abuso, violación, utilización de personas para exhibición pública con fines de naturaleza sexual, contacto con esta misma afinidad y oferta de servicios por medios electrónicos, trata de personas; son los delitos contra la libertad sexual más comunes. El objetivo planteado constituyó realizar un análisis de los principales delitos de este tipo y su incidencia en la población más vulnerable. En cuanto a los métodos empleados estos fueron: cualitativo, cuantitativo, descriptivo y bibliográfico, lo cual implicó la revisión de material documental, denuncias e informes de fiscalía relativos al objeto de estudio, la obtención de resultados y su interpretación mediante figuras con datos estadísticos. El periodo de estudio se centró en los años 2018 - 2021 en la Provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador.