Objetivos: Investigar os fatores associados à disposição para conhecer o estado sorológico para a sífilis entre estudantes do ensino superior. Métodos: Estudo transversal e analítico realizado com estudantes do ensino superior de Portugal. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questionário on- line. Os dados foram analisados pela regressão logística de Poisson com variância robusta, utilizando o SPSS-24. Resultados: Incluídos 413 estudantes, maioria do sexo feminino, idade média de 20,5 anos e matriculada em cursos de saúde. Observou -se vulnerabilidades comportamentais como não uso do preservativo e uso de álcool/outras drogas; baixa percepção de risco e conhecimento ruim sobre sífilis. Menos da metade dos estudantes se dispuseram a realizar o teste para sífilis. Conclusões: A adesão ao rastreio para sífilis foi baixa e associada a fatores incomuns como menor conhecimento, baixa percepção de risco, menor idade e número de parcerias sexuais e frequentar cursos de áreas diferentes da saúde.

Objectives: To investigate the factors associated with the willingness to know the serological status for syphilis among higher education students. Methods: A cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted with higher education students in Portugal. Data collection was carried out through an online questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Poisson logistic regression with robust variance, utilizing SPSS-24. Results: A total of 413 students were included, the majority of whom were female, with an average age of 20.5 years, and enrolled in health-related courses. Behavioral vulnerabilities such as not using condoms and using alcohol/other drugs were observed; there was also a low-risk perception and poor knowledge about syphilis. Less than half of the students were willing to undergo the syphilis test. Conclusions: Adherence to syphilis screening was low and associated with uncommon factors such as lower knowledge, low risk perception, younger age, fewer sexual partnerships, and enrollment in courses outside the health field.

Objetivos: Investigar los factores asociados con la disposición a conocer el estado serológico para sífilis entre estudiantes de educación superior. Métodos: Estudio transversal y analítico realizado con estudiantes de educación superior en Portugal. La recogida de datos se realizó a través de un cuestionario en línea. Los datos se analizaron mediante regresión logística de Poisson con varianza robusta, utilizando SPSS-24. Resultados: Se incluyeron 413 estudiantes, la mayoría del sexo femenino, la edad promedio fue de 20,5 años y matriculados en carreras de salud. Observar vulnerabilidades de comportamiento como no usar condones y consumir alcohol u otras drogas; baja percepción de riesgo y escaso conocimiento sobre la sífilis. Menos de la mitad de los estudiantes estaban dispuestos a realizar la prueba de sífilis. Conclusiones: La adherencia al tamizaje de sífilis fue baja y se asoció con factores obvios como menor conocimiento, baja percepción de riesgo, menor edad y número de parejas sexuales y asistencia a cursos en áreas distintas a la salud.

Abstract. The article aims to examine the sexual activity of adult women in Mexico (during the previous month before the interview), investigating the variations based on age, education, locality size, union status, intention to have a child, and whether the women have young children, comparing two surveys over time (Enfes 1987 and Enadid 2018). Women in 2018 who were in a union were studied to determine the relationship between sexual activity and the age, type (marriage versus consensual union), and order of union. Compared to 1987, the results show higher rates of reporting sexual intercourse in 2018, especially among older and single women. The higher the level of schooling, the higher the proportion of women who reported having had sexual intercourse. Intention to have a child increases the odds ratio of having sex, and being pregnant or having young children decreases. Age and length of union decreased recent sexual activity only among women older than 45 years.

Resumen. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar la actividad sexual reciente (en el mes previo a la entrevista) reportada por las mujeres adultas mexicanas y sus variaciones de acuerdo con la edad, la escolaridad, el tamaño de la localidad de residencia, la situación de unión, la intención de tener un hijo y si tiene hijos pequeños, comparando dos encuestas en el tiempo (Enfes 1987 y Enadid 2018). Con las mujeres unidas en 2018, se estudia la relación entre la actividad sexual y la antigüedad de la unión, el tipo de unión (matrimonio y unión libre) y el orden de la unión. Como resultados destacan mayor reporte de relaciones sexuales en 2018 que en 1987, en especial entre las mujeres solteras y las de mayor edad. A mayor escolaridad declaran en mayor proporción haber tenido relaciones sexuales. La intención de tener un hijo aumenta la posibilidad de tener relaciones sexuales, y estar embarazada o tener hijos pequeños, la disminuye. La edad y la duración de la unión disminuyeron la actividad sexual reciente sólo en las mujeres mayores de 45 años.

Abstract Sexual satisfaction is expressed as an evaluation to gauge the level of enjoyment in one’s sexual life. Studies of the sexuality of the LGBTIQ population have been limited, as this group grapples with taboos, repression, and social stigma, which impact various aspects of their lives, including health and sexual satisfaction. This study investigates the unidimensional scale of sexual satisfaction in the LGBTIQ population in Ecuador, We analyze how this scale is affected when compared to different sociodemographic variables. We utilized a quantitative, descriptive, correlational, and prospective methodology, applying a questionnaire to 625 residents of Ecuador to gather sociodemographic data and the Sexual Satisfaction Index (SSI). The results on the unidimensional scale of sexual satisfaction are as follows: 33% of respondents report sexual satisfaction, while 60.5% experience sexual dissatisfaction, and 6.6% undergo a severe stress experience. There is less sexual dissatisfaction among individuals living in Quito, males, homosexuals, those with a higher level of education, and Afro-Americans, with a P value < 0,005 that is statistically significant. A negative value of sexual satisfaction is observed in the studied population, emphasizing the need for further investigation into the causes and factors influencing sexual dissatisfaction. This will help us understand their needs and provide support in a safe and respectful environment due to ongoing discrimination.

Resumen La satisfacción sexual se expresa como una evaluación, para manifestar el nivel de agrado a la vida sexual. Los estudios en la sexualidad de la población LGBTIQ han sido poco profundizados, grupos rodeados de tabúes, víctimas de una represión y condenas sociales; afectando las diferentes dimensiones de la salud, como la satisfacción sexual. Este trabajo investiga la escala unidimensional de la satisfacción sexual en la población LGBTIQ Ecuador. Se analiza cómo esta escala es afectada al correlacionarse con las diferentes variables sociodemográficas. Se utiliza una metodología cuantitativa, correlacional descriptiva y prospectiva. Se aplica: cuestionario a 625 personas residentes en Ecuador con recogida de datos sociodemográficos, Índice de Satisfacción Sexual (ISS). Los resultados de la escala unidimensional de satisfacción sexual muestran que el 33 % de la población tiene satisfacción sexual, el 60,5 % experimenta insatisfacción sexual y un 6,6 % reporta una experiencia severa de estrés en esta área. Se observa una menor insatisfacción sexual en los residentes de la ciudad de Quito, en hombres, en personas homosexuales, en aquellos con un nivel educativo más alto y en individuos afrodescendientes, con un valor de p < 0,005, lo que indica una significancia estadística. Estos resultados reflejan un nivel negativo de satisfacción sexual en la población estudiada. Por lo tanto, se hace necesario continuar investigando la satisfacción sexual para comprender las causas y los factores que inciden en la insatisfacción sexual. Es crucial visibilizar las necesidades y los apoyos que requiere esta comunidad en un entorno seguro y respetuoso, especialmente considerando los constantes actos de discriminación que enfrentan.

Abstract Sexual harassment is a daily phenomenon that is currently attracting considerable attention in Ecuador both because of denunciations by the feminist movement and because of its greater visibility in the media. The objective of this article is to identify the subjective perception of Ecuadorian university students about sexual harassment in higher education institutions. Specifically, we are interested in understanding the cultural particularities that may limit the effectiveness of strategies aimed at preventing the problem in this context. To obtain data, we conducted interviews with 63 students between 18 and 23 years of age enrolled in a private university located in Quito. The results obtained show that sexual harassment is perceived to be less present in the university context than in other public spaces. The student body shows a critical attitude regarding the normalization of this problem in the country and the lack of information on sexuality, harassment, and sexual violence. However, they adopt a passive attitude towards it in accordance with the social attitude they observe. In addition, the results indicate that sexual harassment affects women and LGTBI people significantly more.

Resumen El acoso sexual constituye un fenómeno cotidiano que actualmente está acaparando una considerable atención en Ecuador, tanto por la denuncia del movimiento feminista como por su mayor visibilidad a través de los medios de comunicación. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar la percepción subjetiva del estudiantado universitario ecuatoriano sobre el acoso sexual en los centros de educación superior. En específico, nos interesa comprender las particularidades culturales que pueden limitar la eficacia de las estrategias orientadas a la prevención del problema en dicho contexto. Para la obtención de los datos realizamos entrevistas a 63 estudiantes de entre 18 y 23 años con matrícula en una universidad privada ubicada en Quito. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que se percibe menor presencia del acoso sexual en el contexto universitario que en el resto de los espacios públicos. El estudiantado muestra una actitud crítica con respecto a la normalización de este problema en el país y a la falta de información sobre la sexualidad, el acoso y la violencia sexual. Sin embargo, establecen una actitud pasiva frente a ello, en concordancia con la actitud social que observan. Los resultados también sugieren que el acoso sexual afecta significativamente más a las mujeres y a personas LGTBI.

Migration, a prevalent global phenomenon, significantly impacts health, particularly in low- to middle-income countries. This article presents a rapid review aimed at mapping projects, lessons and policies concerning sexual and reproductive health (SRH), HIV and migration in southern Africa. Utilising a population-concept-context framework, the review focuses on understanding the scope, nature and extent of interventions, identifying lessons learnt, and assessing existing policies and strategies. A comprehensive search strategy and screening process resulted in 19 studies and reports for inclusion. The review highlighted diverse projects across southern Africa, addressing SRH and HIV among migrants, refugees and asylum seekers. Projects ranged from peer-education interventions to community-based referral systems, aiming to improve knowledge, access and outcomes related to SRH and HIV. The lessons learnt emphasised the importance of community involvement, healthcare worker (HCW) training and inclusive policies to address migrants' diverse needs effectively. Additionally, projects facilitated cross-border collaborations and policy integration, enhancing access to SRH-HIV services and migrant health rights. Despite these efforts, challenges persist, including gender-based violence, financial barriers and xenophobic attitudes among HCWs. Limited access to comprehensive sexuality education and social protection for migrants underscores the need for further policy development and implementation. Nevertheless, existing policies, such as Botswana's inclusive HIV treatment policy and South Africa's National Strategic Plan for HIV, TB and STIs, demonstrate steps towards ensuring migrants' rights to healthcare.

RESUMEN Introducción: La pubertad precoz se define como la aparición progresiva de signos puberales a una edad por debajo de 2,5 desviaciones estándar (DE) de la media para una población determinada. Se carece a nivel nacional de estudios epidemiológicos sobre esta afección. Objetivo: Determinar las características de la pubertad precoz para evaluar la edad de inicio de las características sexuales secundarias en una población de niñas menores de 8 años. Materiales y Métodos: El presente estudio es de tipo observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal. La población incluyó niñas menores de 8 años, que consultaron en un hospital de referencia, durante el periodo de enero de 2017 a diciembre de 2021. Como variables se analizó la edad al inicio de los síntomas, edad a la consulta, escolaridad, procedencia, motivo de consulta, signos y síntomas, cambios en edad ósea, respuesta positiva a la prueba con GnRH y asociación etiológica con cambios hallados en la RMN cerebral y ecografía pélvica; así como el abordaje terapéutico. Resultados: Ingresaron al estudio 48 pacientes de sexo femenino, menores de 8 años de edad. El inicio de los síntomas se presentó en promedio a los 5,4 +/- 2,27 años, siendo la edad de 6-7 años el 31,3% del total de pacientes. El diagnóstico predominante fue el de una pubertad precoz central y de las pruebas de estímulo con GnRH, el 68,8% resultaron positivas. Conclusión: La edad promedio de inicio del desarrollo puberal en este grupo de niñas fue 5 años, adelantado en relación a la literatura clásica, con etiología no conocida en la mayoría de los casos.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Precocious puberty is defined as the progressive appearance of pubertal signs at an age below 2.5 standard deviations (SD) from the mean for a given population. There is a lack of epidemiological studies on this condition in our country. Objective: To determine the characteristics of precocious puberty and to evaluate the age of onset of secondary sexual characteristics in a population of girls under 8 years of age. Materials and Methods: This was an observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study. Population: girls under 8 years of age, who consulted at a referral hospital from January 2017 to December 2021. The variables analyzed were age at the onset of symptoms, age at consultation, education, place of residence, reason for consultation, signs and symptoms, changes in bone age, positive response to the GnRH test and etiological association with changes found in brain MRI and pelvic ultrasound, as well as the therapeutic approach. Results: 48 female patients under 8 years of age entered the study. The onset of symptoms occurred on average at 5.4 +/- 2.27 years, in 31.3% of all patients at the age of 6-7 years. Predominant diagnosis was central precocious puberty and 68.8% of GnRH stimulus tests were positive. Conclusion: The average age of onset of pubertal development in this group of girls was 5 years, earlier than described in the literature, with unknown etiology in most cases.

School history textbooks in South Africa are essential teaching and learning materials for most history teachers and learners, because they are often the only materials used to engage with the past. These textbooks are also considered to contribute to the construction of an ideal citizenry, as well as fostering national identity, unity, and reconciliation (Bertram and Wassermann 2015; Bam, Ntsebeza and Zinn 2018). However, our concern is that while textbooks appear to be used to construct an ideal citizenry who is supposed to have reconciled and united into one national identity, there also appears to be a concerted effort to exclude, within both the written and visual texts of the textbooks, those South Africans who identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex, Queer/Questioning, Asexual, and many other identities (LGBTIQA+). Through abyssal and post-abyssal epistemology as our theoretical frameworks, and critical discourse analysis as our tool of analysis we were able to investigate how four history textbooks across four grades within the Senior and Further Education and Training phase that we purposively and conveniently sampled continue to exclude LGBTIQA+ contributions and experiences within the knowledge base of the school history curriculum, despite the pivotal role some played during the struggle against apartheid. We have since concluded that the erasure of the LGBTIQA+ community amounts to another dehumanising act against this group of people that is epistemic, existential, and ontological in nature. We also argue that this act denies all history teachers and learners, irrespective of their sexual orientations, the opportunity to engage with diverse historical contributions and experiences of all South Africans.

Resumen La violencia sexual afecta a niños y adolescentes en tasas cada vez más alarmantes. En el ámbito social y científico, es urgente dar visibilidad a la temática y la inversión en la prevención, aspectos que abordan este artículo. El objetivo de la investigación fue resaltar los aportes teóricos presentes en artículos científicos internacionales y nacionales, sobre la prevención de la violencia sexual contra niños y adolescentes. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura y se seleccionaron 45 estudios en el área de Educación, salud y psicología. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó la Metodología Comunicativa. Se constató que las escuelas brasileñas no han logrado desarrollar acciones preventivas contra la violencia sexual. Concluimos que es necesario desarrollar una formación continua para los agentes escolares en Brasil, y que ya existe una producción nacional e internacional que puede iluminar dicha formación. alarmantes científico artículo nacionales 4 Educación psicología Comunicativa Brasil

Abstract Sexual violence affects children and adolescents at increasingly alarming rates. In the social and scientific context, there is an urgent need to give visibility to the theme and to the investment in prevention, aspects that are specific to this article. The objective of this research was to highlight the theoretical contributions present in international and national scientific articles on the prevention of sexual violence against children and adolescents. A review of the literature was conducted and 45 studies in the areas of Education, health and psychology were selected. For data analysis, the Communicative Methodology was used. It was found that Brazilian schools were not very successful in developing preventive actions against sexual violence. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop the continuous training of school agents in Brazil, and that there is already national and international production that can illuminate such training. rates context article 4 Education selected analysis used Brazil

Resumo A violência sexual acomete crianças e adolescentes em índices cada vez mais alarmantes. Urge, no âmbito social e científico, dar visibilidade ao tema e ao investimento em prevenção, aspectos estes que são abordados nesse artigo. O objetivo da pesquisa foi evidenciar as contribuições teóricas presentes em artigos científicos internacionais e nacionais, sobre prevenção da violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes. Realizou-se uma revisão da literatura e foram selecionados 45 estudos na área da Educação, saúde e psicologia. Para a análise de dados, utilizou-se a Metodologia Comunicativa. Constatou-se que as escolas brasileiras têm sido pouco exitosas no desenvolvimento de ações preventivas à violência sexual. Conclui-se que é preciso desenvolver formação continuada dos agentes escolares no Brasil, e que já há produção nacional e internacional que pode iluminar tal formação. alarmantes Urge científico artigo nacionais Realizouse Realizou se 4 Educação psicologia dados utilizouse utilizou Comunicativa Constatouse Constatou Concluise Conclui Brasil

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a literatura sobre o crescimento demográfico e a atuação política dos evangélicos, especialmente no âmbito do Congresso Nacional, em particular, com relação à política de saúde das mulheres e dos Direitos Sexuais e Reprodutivos (DSR). Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da produção científica nacional registrada no portal de periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento do Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), no período 2016-2021, usando os descritores “evangélico”, “agenda neoconservadora” e “saúde das mulheres”. Foram selecionados 80 artigos que tratam da relação entre o crescimento do número de igrejas evangélicas e de fiéis vinculados a essas organizações religiosas no Brasil. Do conjunto do artigos analisados, 42,5% analisam a agenda defendida pelos setores religiosos do campo conservador, incluindo um conjunto de temas, tais como política, sexualidade e reprodução, ‘ideologia de gênero’, direitos humanos da população LGBTQIA+, DSR, aborto, educação sexual nas escolas, casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo, estatuto da família, estatuto do nascituro, violência sexual, frentes em defesa da vida e da família, religiões de matriz africana, racismo religioso e intolerância religiosa. Assim, enfatiza-se a importância desse tema nas pesquisas em saúde coletiva, principalmente na área de política, planejamento e gestão em saúde. evangélicos Nacional particular DSR. DSR . (DSR) Tratase Trata se Capes, Capes , (Capes) 20162021, 20162021 2016 2021, 2021 2016-2021 evangélico, evangélico “evangélico” neoconservadora mulheres. mulheres” 8 Brasil analisados 425 42 5 42,5 conservador temas reprodução ideologia gênero, gênero gênero’ LGBTQIA LGBTQIA+ aborto escolas sexo família nascituro africana religiosa Assim enfatizase enfatiza coletiva (DSR (Capes 2016202 201 202 2016-202 “evangélico 4 42, 201620 20 2016-20 20162 2 2016-2 2016-

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the literature on the demographic growth and political action of evangelicals, especially in the context of the National Congress, in particular, with regard to women’s health policy and Sexual and Reproductive Rights (DSR). This is a narrative review of the national scientific production registered in the journal portal of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), in the period 2016-2022, using the descriptors “evangelical”, “neoconservative agenda” and “women’s health”. We selected 80 articles that deal with the relationship between the growth of the number of evangelical churches and faithful linked to these churches in Brazil. Of the articles analyzed, 42.5% examine the agenda defended by religious sectors of the conservative field, including a set of themes, such as politics, sexuality and reproduction, ‘gender ideology’, human rights of the LGBTQIA+ population, DSR, abortion, sex education in schools, same-sex marriage, family status, status of the unborn child, sexual violence, fronts in defense of life and family, religions of African origin, religious racism and religious intolerance. Thus, the importance of this theme in public health research is emphasized, especially in the area of health policy, planning and management. evangelicals Congress particular womens women s DSR. DSR . (DSR) CAPES, CAPES , (CAPES) 20162022, 20162022 2016 2022, 2022 2016-2022 evangelical, “evangelical” neoconservative health. health” 8 Brazil analyzed 425 42 5 42.5 field themes politics reproduction gender ideology, ideology ideology’ LGBTQIA population abortion schools samesex same marriage child violence origin intolerance Thus emphasized management (DSR (CAPES 2016202 201 202 2016-202 “evangelical 4 42. 201620 20 2016-20 20162 2 2016-2 2016-

Résumé Le but de cet article est d’analyser le débat contemporain sur l’éducation sexuelle, en prenant comme référence les manuels gratuits et les programmes d’éducation normale. D’un point de vue qualitatif et dans le cadre d’un processus analytique synthétique, des livres, des articles, des conférences et des sources primaires sont examinés. Les résultats montrent que les manuels scolaires, en tant qu’instrument de la politique éducative, ont été rejetés par divers acteurs politiques et sociaux. Les programmes d’études pour l’éducation normale ont considéré l’éducation sexuelle de manière itinérante, ils peuvent avoir une perspective purement biologique ou une perspective plus globale. L’éducation sexuelle est un droit des enfants et des adolescents. Une voie possible pour leur attention est de renforcer les capacités des formateurs d’enseignants dans le domaine de l’éducation sexuelle afin que les futurs enseignants sortant des écoles normales disposent des outils pour accompagner leurs élèves.

Streszczenie Streszczenie Celem tego artykułu jest analiza współczesnej debaty na temat edukacji seksualnej, przyjmując za punkt odniesienia darmowe podręczniki oraz programy nauczania szkół normalnych. Z perspektywy jakościowej i poprzez proces analizy syntetycznej, badane są podręczniki, artykuły, referaty z kongresów oraz źródła pierwotne. W wynikach stwierdzono, że podręczniki, jako narzędzia polityki edukacyjnej, były przedmiotem odrzucenia przez różnych aktorów politycznych i społecznych. Programy nauczania dla szkół normalnych traktowały edukację seksualną jako temat podrzędny, mogąc przyjmować podejście wyłącznie biologiczne lub bardziej kompleksowe. Wnioskiem jest, że edukacja seksualna jest prawem dzieci i młodzieży. Możliwą drogą do jej uwzględnienia jest wzmocnienie zdolności kształcenia nauczycieli w zakresie edukacji seksualnej, aby przyszli nauczyciele wykształceni w szkołach normalnych mieli narzędzia do towarzyszenia swoim uczniom.

Resumen El propósito de este artículo es analizar el debate contemporáneo sobre la educación de la sexualidad, tomando como referente los libros de texto gratuitos y los planes de estudio de educación Normal. Desde una perspectiva cualitativa y mediante un proceso analítico sintético, se examinan libros, artículos, ponencias de congresos y fuentes primarias. En los resultados se encuentra que los libros de texto, como instrumento de política educativa, han estado sujetos al rechazo de diversos actores políticos y sociales. Los planes de estudio para la educación normal han considerado la educación para la sexualidad de manera itinerante, pueden tener una perspectiva meramente biológica o una más integral. Se concluye que la educación de la sexualidad es un derecho de niñas, niños y adolescentes. Una posible ruta para su atención es fortalecer las capacidades de los formadores de docentes en el ámbito de la educación de la sexualidad, para que los futuros docentes que egresen de las escuelas Normales cuenten con las herramientas para acompañar a sus estudiantes.

Abstract This paper aims to analyze the contemporary debate on sexuality education, taking as reference free government textbooks and the curriculum of Normal education. From a qualitative perspective and through a synthetic, analytical process, books, articles, conference papers, and primary sources were examined. Results show that textbooks, as an instrument of educational policy, have been subject to rejection by various political and social actors. The curriculum for Normal education has considered sexuality education intermittently, with perspectives ranging from merely biological to more comprehensive approaches. It is concluded that sexuality education is a right of girls, boys, and teenagers. A possible route for addressing this is to strengthen the capacities of teacher trainers in the field of sexuality education so that future teachers who graduate from Normal schools have the tools to support their students.

Abstract Syphilis is a systemic disease with an increasing incidence in adolescents and young adults. Clinical manifestations can be variable and diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion, as syphilis can mimic other systemic diseases. Condylomata lata is a highly infectious manifestation of secondary syphilis, reported in 9-44% of cases. Here is reported the case of an adolescent girl who presented with inguinal lymphadenopathies, urinary and constitutional symptoms, and a history of unprotected sex with her boyfriend, who had been previously diagnosed with a genital ulcer. A complete physical examination was performed, and the detection of an anal lesion raised the hypothesis of perianal condylomata lata as a manifestation of secondary syphilis. All signs and symptoms of infection resolved with treatment. Early detection, appropriate treatment, and prevention of transmission are essential to reduce the burden of the disease.

Resumo A sífilis é uma doença sistémica com incidência crescente em adolescentes e jovens adultos. As manifestações clínicas são variáveis e o diagnóstico requer um elevado índice de suspeição, uma vez que a sífilis pode ser confundida com outras doenças sistémicas. O condiloma lata é uma manifestação de sífilis secundária, altamente infeciosa, reportada em 9-44% dos casos. É descrito o caso de uma adolescente que se apresentou com adenopatias, sintomas urinários e constitucionais e uma história de relações sexuais desprotegidas com o namorado, que tinha sido previamente diagnosticado com úlcera genital. Foi realizado um exame físico completo, que conduziu à deteção de uma lesão anal que motivou a suspeita de condiloma lata perianal como manifestação de sífilis secundária. Todos os sinais e sintomas da infeção resolveram-se com o tratamento. Identificação precoce, tratamento adequado e prevenção da transmissão são medidas essenciais para minimizar o ónus da doença.

Abstract The “public policy for the full guarantee of the rights of LGBT people”and on gender identities and sexual orientations in the Capital District has been implemented for almost 12 years. After its formalization, it has been implemented during the four district administrations that have governed. During this period, it has materialized through programs that have had the general objective of “guaranteeing the full exercise of the rights of people from the LGBT sectors as part of the production, social management and collective well-being of the city” (Concejo de Bogotá, 2009, p. 2); through four strategic processes: i) institutional strengthening at the district and local levels; ii) co-responsibility in the exercise of rights; iii) communication and education for cultural change; and iv) the production and application of knowledge (Acuerdo 371, 2009). This document analyzes the factors that led to its adoption in Bogotá, presents some of its main achievements, and offers recommendations for its strengthening. For the analysis, the application of the multiple currents approach is used as the main theoretical model. This approach focuses on understanding the political dynamics and processes that, at different levels and occurring independently and in parallel, have managed to come together at a specific moment (window of opportunity) to position politics as a viable institutional alternative based on the action of some political entrepreneurs (Zahariadis, 2010). In order to take stock of joint actions and to take into account how cultural and collective imaginaries about the community have affected their impact, the analysis is complemented by the framework of promoting coalitions (Sabatier y Weible, 2010) and the social construction framework and policy design (Ingram et al. 2010).

Resumen La “política pública para la garantía plena de los derechos de las personas LGBT” y sobre identidades de género y orientaciones sexuales en el Distrito Capital lleva casi 12 años en implementación. Después de su formalización, ha sido implementada durante las cuatro administraciones distritales que han gobernado desde entonces. Durante este periodo, se ha materializado a través de programas que han tenido por objetivo general “garantizar el ejercicio pleno de derechos de las personas de los sectores LGBT como parte de la producción, gestión social y bienestar colectivo de la ciudad”(Concejo de Bogotá, 2009, p. 2); esto, por medio del desarrollo de cuatro procesos estratégicos: i) el fortalecimiento institucional en los niveles distritales y locales; ii) la corresponsabilidad en el ejercicio de derechos; iii) la comunicación y educación para el cambio cultural; y iv) la producción y aplicación de conocimientos y saberes (Acuerdo 371, 2009). Este documento analiza los factores que llevaron a su adopción en Bogotá, presenta algunos de sus principales logros y ofrece recomendaciones para su fortalecimiento. Para el análisis se recurre a la aplicación del enfoque de las corrientes múltiples como modelo teórico principal; este enfoque se concentra en entender las dinámicas y procesos políticos que, en distintos niveles y ocurriendo de manera independiente y paralela, han logrado confluir en un momento específico (ventana de oportunidad) para posicionar a la política como una alternativa institucional viable a partir de la acción de unos emprendedores de política (Zahariadis, 2010). Con el fin de hacer un balance sobre las acciones conjuntas y para tener en cuenta cómo los imaginarios culturales y colectivos sobre la comunidad han afectado su incidencia, el análisis se complementa con el marco de las coaliciones promotoras (Sabatier y Weible, 2010) y el marco de la construcción social y diseño de políticas (Ingram et al., 2010).

Abstract In this article we analyze how the social violence of organized crime is manifested in schools through the reproduction of a patriarchal order that materializes through processes of school precariousness, the formation of models of tense and dialogic masculinity, as well as daily practices of hierarchization, sexual division of schoolwork and the sexualization of the female body in schools. For this, an ethnographic study was carried out in which the staff of six basic education schools in Michoacán collaborated; Direct and participant observation, informal talks, group, and individual interviews were used. We identify that the patriarchal order established by organized crime in the regions is intertwined with the conditions of dismantling and job insecurity in the basic education sector, so that the necessary circumstances are provided for the reproduction of this order through different violent practices inside schools. This is facilitated by the alliances, silences, complicities, and fear of male school workers, who are attracted or subdued by the model of warrior masculinity that has displaced teacher masculinity. We conclude that within the schools in these contexts the gender device is reproduced according to the conditions of violence and territoriality related to organized crime.

Resumen En este artículo analizamos cómo las violencias sociales del crimen organizado se manifiestan en las escuelas mediante la reproducción de un orden patriarcal que se materializa a través de procesos de precarización escolar, de la conformación de modelos de masculinidad tensionadas y dialogantes, así como de prácticas cotidianas de jerarquización, división sexual del trabajo escolar y la sexualización del cuerpo femenino en las escuelas. Para ello, se realizó un estudio etnográfico donde colaboró el personal de seis escuelas de educación básica en Michoacán; se recurrió a la observación directa y participante, charlas informales, entrevistas grupales e individuales. Identificamos que el orden patriarcal que establece el crimen organizado en las regiones se entrama con las condiciones de desmantelamiento y precarización laboral del sector de educación básica, de modo que se disponen las circunstancias necesarias para la reproducción de este orden a través de distintas prácticas violentas al interior de las escuelas. Esto es facilitado por las alianzas, silencios, complicidades y el miedo de los trabajadores escolares varones, quienes se ven atraídos o sometidos por el modelo de masculinidad guerrerista que ha desplazado a la masculinidad magisterial. Concluimos que al interior de las escuelas en estos contextos se reproduce el dispositivo de género acorde a las condiciones de violencia y territorialidad relacionadas con el crimen organizado.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the literature on the demographic growth and political action of evangelicals, especially in the context of the National Congress, in particular, with regard to women’s health policy and Sexual and Reproductive Rights (DSR). This is a narrative review of the national scientific production registered in the journal portal of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), in the period 2016-2022, using the descriptors “evangelical”, “neoconservative agenda” and “women’s health”. We selected 80 articles that deal with the relationship between the growth of the number of evangelical churches and faithful linked to these churches in Brazil. Of the articles analyzed, 42.5% examine the agenda defended by religious sectors of the conservative field, including a set of themes, such as politics, sexuality and reproduction, ‘gender ideology’, human rights of the LGBTQIA+ population, DSR, abortion, sex education in schools, same-sex marriage, family status, status of the unborn child, sexual violence, fronts in defense of life and family, religions of African origin, religious racism and religious intolerance. Thus, the importance of this theme in public health research is emphasized, especially in the area of health policy, planning and management.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a literatura sobre o crescimento demográfico e a atuação política dos evangélicos, especialmente no âmbito do Congresso Nacional, em particular, com relação à política de saúde das mulheres e dos Direitos Sexuais e Reprodutivos (DSR). Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da produção científica nacional registrada no portal de periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento do Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), no período 2016-2021, usando os descritores “evangélico”, “agenda neoconservadora” e “saúde das mulheres”. Foram selecionados 80 artigos que tratam da relação entre o crescimento do número de igrejas evangélicas e de fiéis vinculados a essas organizações religiosas no Brasil. Do conjunto do artigos analisados, 42,5% analisam a agenda defendida pelos setores religiosos do campo conservador, incluindo um conjunto de temas, tais como política, sexualidade e reprodução, ‘ideologia de gênero’, direitos humanos da população LGBTQIA+, DSR, aborto, educação sexual nas escolas, casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo, estatuto da família, estatuto do nascituro, violência sexual, frentes em defesa da vida e da família, religiões de matriz africana, racismo religioso e intolerância religiosa. Assim, enfatiza-se a importância desse tema nas pesquisas em saúde coletiva, principalmente na área de política, planejamento e gestão em saúde.

Abstract The stereotype of the scientist is based on a Eurocentric perspective, inferiorizes and makes women invisible, especially Black women, reinforcing gender and racial inequalities. The lack of representation discourages students from these groups from pursuing scientific ca-reers, and likewise, the sexual division of labor is a crucial factor in the exclusion and overburdening of Black women, affecting their pro-fessional choices and family lives. The research is grounded in the narratives of Black female students in the Physics Teaching degree program at a Brazilian federal institute, aiming to identify the discriminations they face in their formative journeys. The methodology fol-lows a qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews as the data collection instrument. The narratives reveal the persistence of gender and racial discriminations in the Exact Sciences, especially against Black women. There is a need for actions to reduce such discrim-inations and provide inclusive education, free from any stereotypes or segregation.

Resumo O estereótipo do/a cientista, baseado em uma perspectiva eurocêntrica, inferioriza e invisibiliza as mulheres, especialmente mulheres negras, reforçando desigualdades de gênero e raça. A falta de representatividade desencoraja estudantes desses grupos a seguir carreiras científicas e, de igual modo, a divisão sexual do trabalho é um fator crucial de exclusão e sobrecarrega de mulheres negras, afetando suas escolhas profissionais e suas vidas familiares. A pesquisa se ancora nas narrativas de estudantes negras de Licenciatura em Física de um instituto federal brasileiro, buscando identificar discriminações enfrentadas ao longo de seus percursos formativos. A metodologia segue uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como instrumento de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada. As narrativas revelam a persistên-cia de discriminações de gênero e raciais nas Ciências Exatas, especialmente contra mulheres negras. Vemos a necessidade de ações para reduzir tais discriminações e proporcionar uma educação inclusiva, longe de quaisquer estereótipos e segregação.