We created a fast and effective thin-layer chromatography method to detect homoisoflavones in Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce (POD), demonstrating high sensitivity, specificity, and stability. Utilizing this method, we assessed the quality of 20 commercial batches of POD. Our results indicated that homoisoflavones (III, IV, and V) were present in 8 samples, absent in 7, and detected in 5. This method facilitates the effective evaluation of POD germplasm resources, laying a strong foundation for enhancing quality standards. This advancement aids in the standardization and quality control of POD, ensuring the consistency of its active ingredients and thereby supporting its therapeutic applications. thinlayer thin layer Mill. Mill (Mill. , (POD) sensitivity specificity stability 2 III, III (III IV V samples 7 5 resources standards applications (Mill (POD

BiOCl/KBiO3 p-n heterostructures with hierarchical mesoporous architectures were successfully synthesized via a facile in situ method. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) results indicate the formation of heterojunctions between BiOCl and KBiO3. The photocatalytic performance of the as-prepared samples was investigated by the degradation of dye Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. BiOCl/KBiO3 composite has never been used to photodegrade the RhB which is a common dye and very difficult to degrade. The results demonstrated that KBiO3 combined with proper amount of BiOCl nanosheets exhibited high efficiency in the photocatalytic process, and BiOCl/KBiO3 with the molar ratio of 70/30 demonstrated the highest photocatalytic activity due to its large surface area, excellent charge separation characteristics and the suppressed recombination of electron-hole pairs. The results of active species detection reveal that the superoxide radical anions (O2-), hydroxyl free radicals (·OH), photogenerated holes (h+) and photogenerated electrons (e-) reactive species work together for the photocatalytic degradation of RhB. A possible and new mechanism of photocatalysis that differs from other teams was also explored and proposed. The present study will benefit the development of the new p-n heterojunction photocatalysts and would be of great importance to meet ever-increasing environmental demands in the future. BiOClKBiO3 BiOClKBiO KBiO BiOCl/KBiO pn p n method Xray X ray XRD, XRD , (XRD) XPS (XPS SEM (SEM asprepared as prepared (RhB irradiation degrade process 7030 70 30 70/3 area electronhole hole pairs O2, O2 O (O2-) ·OH, OH ·OH (·OH) h+ h (h+ e (e- proposed everincreasing ever increasing future (XRD 703 7 3 70/ (O2- (·OH (h (e (O2 (O

RESUMEN Se fundamenta la importancia que tiene el desarrollo de un pensamiento científico en la evolución de los métodos de investigación histórica con los métodos didácticos en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la Historia de Cuba. Utilizando los métodos de investigación científica histórico lógico, análisis-síntesis y el inductivo deductivo. El trabajo tiene como objetivo elaborar de una concepción didáctica para el desarrollo del pensamiento científico sustentada en la relación dialéctica entre los métodos de la investigación científica y los métodos de enseñanza aprendizaje de la Historia de Cuba.

ABSTRACT The importance of the development of the scientific thinking in the evolution of historical research methods with didactic methods in the teaching-learning process of Cuban history is based on the importance of the development of scientific thinking in the evolution of historical research methods with didactic methods in the teaching-learning process of Cuban history, using the historical-logical, historical-logical, analysis-synthesis and inductive-deductive methods of scientific research. The objective of the work is to elaborate a didactic conception for the development of scientific thinking based on the dialectic relationship between the methods of scientific research and the methods of teaching and learning of Cuban History.

Abstract Barriers to compare opposed or alternative scientific theories exist, based on diverse premises. One is the concept of incommensurability, the idea suggesting that different paradigms or theories cannot be contrasted since they do not share common tenets. This paper proposes the use of nested models for testing the efficacy of isolated disciplinary explanations of psychological and social problems versus the power of interdisciplinary explanations. According to this approach, such nested models would include alternative disciplinary theories competing against each other and against an inclusive model that combines these unidisciplinary explanations. This situation is illustrated with an empirical study using a questionnaire on predictors of precautionary behaviors against COVID-19. Data was analyzed using structural equations, considering a psychological and a health-science perspective, and integrated into an interdisciplinary model. Results from this study showed that the best model was the interdisciplinary model, thus providing some evidence for the use of nested models as a method to integrate different disciplines. The advantages of this approach are discussed in the face of the growing, complex, and serious problems that humanity is nowadays experiencing.

Resumen Basadas en diversas premisas, existen barreras para comparar teorías científicas opuestas o alternativas. El concepto de inconmensurabilidad es una de estas dificultades, la idea que sugiere que diferentes paradigmas o teorías no pueden contrastarse porque no comparten principios comunes. Este artículo propone el uso de modelos anidados para probar la eficacia de explicaciones disciplinarias aisladas de problemas psicológicos y sociales en comparación con la de explicaciones interdisciplinarias. Según este enfoque, tales modelos anidados incluirían teorías disciplinarias alternativas que compiten entre sí y contra un modelo inclusivo que combine estas explicaciones unidisciplinarias. Esta situación se ilustra con un estudio empírico sobre predictores de conductas de precaución frente al COVID-19. Los resultados fueron analizados mediante ecuaciones estructurales, considerando una perspectiva psicológica y de ciencias de la salud, e integrados en un modelo interdisciplinario. Los hallazgos mostraron que era mejor el modelo interdisciplinario, proporcionando evidencia para el uso de modelos anidados como método para integrar diferentes disciplinas. Se discuten las ventajas de utilizar este enfoque frente a los crecientes, complejos y graves problemas que vive hoy la humanidad.

Resumen En el año 2015, se llevó a cabo una investigación en una zona periurbana de la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia, con el objetivo de 1) diagnosticar el efecto de la expansión urbana en áreas históricamente rurales y agrícolas, y 2) implementar uno de los métodos proporcionados por la Inteligencia Territorial, específicamente el método Stlocus. Una vez completadas las siete fases del método, se obtuvieron resultados científicos que integran los cuatro aspectos fundamentales (social, económico, ambiental y académico). Estos resultados no solo se limitan a la evaluación del problema, sino que también generan posibles soluciones para la situación que se presenta en el área de estudio. De esta manera, tanto el territorio como el método se enriquecen con su implementación.

Resumo No ano de 2015, foi realizada uma pesquisa em uma zona periurbana da cidade de Bogotá, Colômbia, com o objetivo de 1) diagnosticar o efeito da expansão urbana em áreas historicamente rurais e agrícolas, e 2) implementar um dos métodos proporcionados pela Inteligência Territorial, especificamente o método Stlocus. Uma vez completadas as sete fases do método, foram obtidos resultados científicos que integram os quatro aspectos fundamentais (social, econômico, ambiental e acadêmico). Estes resultados não apenas se limitam à avaliação do problema, mas também geram possíveis soluções para a situação que se apresenta na área de estudo. Desta forma, tanto o território quanto o método são enriquecidos com sua implementação.

Abstract In 2015, a research study was conducted in a peri-urban area of Bogotá, Colombia, with the aim to 1) diagnose the effect of urban expansion on historically rural and agricultural lands, and 2) implement one of the methods provided by Territorial Intelligence, specifically the Stlocus method. Once all seven phases of the method were completed, scientific results were obtained that encompassed the four key aspects (social, economic, environmental, and academic). These results not only assessed the problem but also generated possible solutions for the situation in the study area. Thus, both the territory and the method benefited and were enriched through its implementation.

Abstract Introduction: Friendship positively influences human development. However, people with disabilities face difficulties in building and maintaining this bond. This study aims to explore and analyze the knowledge networks in the literature on friendship and disabilities from 2017 to 2022. Method: Using PRISMA criteria, the search was conducted in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. VOSviewer and Pajek software were used to construct and analyze the networks. Results: Sixty-eight articles were analyzed. The United States leads in publications, but the United Kingdom is more influential in the network. The main research areas are autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, social inclusion, social skills, and violence against people with disabilities. Influential documents address thematic analysis in psychology, and friendship among individuals with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Conclusions: Knowledge maps and network analysis help explore the literature, allowing an understanding of trends, the foundational intellectual structure, and scientific correlations.

Resumo Introdução: A amizade influencia positivamente o desenvolvimento humano. Todavia, pessoas com deficiencia enfrentam dificuldades para construir e manter esse vínculo. Este estudo objetiva explorar e analisar as redes de conhecimento da literatura sobre amizade e deficiencia de 2017 a 2022. Método: Utilizando critérios Prisma, a busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science. Os softwares VOSviewer e Pajek foram usados para construir e analisar as redes. Resultados: Foram analisados 68 artigos. Os Estados Unidos lideram em publicaçoes, entretanto o Reino Unido é mais influente na rede. As principais investigaçoes na área sao: transtorno do espectro autista, deficiencia intelectual, inclusao social, habilidades sociais e violencia contra a pessoa com deficiencia. Documentos influentes abordam análise temática em psicologia, amizade de pessoas com transtorno do espectro autista e deficiencia intelectual. Conclusões: Os mapas de conhecimento e análise de redes ajudam a explorar a literatura, o que permite compreender tendencias, estrutura intelectual base e correlações científicas.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic alterations of tumors within the scope of the homologous recombination deficiency gene panel in patients diagnosed with synchronous endometrial ovarian cancer who have been followed for over 5 years using next-generation sequencing. METHODS: DNA was isolated from the patient’s formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. Next-generation sequencing was performed using the Illumina capture-based sequencing method. Samples were sequenced using the Sophia HR Solution DNA Kit. RESULTS: Seven patients were included in this study. The ratios of likely pathogenic (LP)/pathogenic (P) somatic mutations in ATM (serine/threonine kinase or Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated gene), BRCA2 (breast cancer type 2 susceptibility gene), BARD1 (BRCA1 associated RING domain 1), TP53 (tumor protein p53), BIRP1 (BRCA1-interacting helicase 1 gene), PALB2 (partner and localizer of BRCA2), and CHECK2 were 21 (48.8%), 8 (18.6%), 5 (11.6%), 3 (6.9%), 2 (4.6%), 2 (4.6%), and 2 (4.6%), respectively, in endometrium, and the ratios of somatic mutations in ATM, BRCA2, TP53, BARD1, RAD54L (DNA repair/recombination protein like), BIRP1, and RAD51D (RAD51 recombinase paralog D) were 24 (60%), 6 (15%), 5 (12.5%), 2 (5%), 2 (5%), 1 (2.5%), and 1 (2.5%), respectively, in ovary. In endometrioid-synchronous endometrial ovarian cancer cases, P/LP mutations were observed in ATM and CHECK2 genes in endometrium and ATM, BRCA2, and TP53 genes in ovary. In two non-endometrioid-synchronous endometrial ovarian cancer cases, CHEK2 (checkpoint kinase 2) mutations were observed in endometrium and ATM and TP53 mutations in ovary, whereas in one case, P/LP mutations in ATM and TP53 genes were common in both tissues. CONCLUSION: Pathogenic variations confirming the diagnosis of synchronous endometrial ovarian cancer with genetic alterations were identified in all but one case. ATM gene mutation emerged as the most common alteration and has a potential association with a favorable prognosis. OBJECTIVE nextgeneration next generation METHODS patient s formalinfixed, formalinfixed formalin fixed, fixed formalin-fixed paraffinembedded paraffin embedded blocks Nextgeneration Next capturebased capture based method Kit RESULTS LP/pathogenic LPpathogenic LP /pathogenic P (P serine/threonine serinethreonine serine threonine Ataxiatelangiectasia Ataxia telangiectasia gene, , gene) BRCA breast BARD BRCA1 (BRCA 1, 1) TP TP5 tumor p53, p53 p p53) BIRP BRCA1interacting BRCAinteracting interacting PALB partner BRCA2) CHECK 48.8%, 488 48.8% 48 (48.8%) 18.6%, 186 18.6% 18 (18.6%) 11.6%, 116 11.6% 11 (11.6%) 6.9%, 69 6.9% 9 (6.9%) 4.6%, 46 4.6% 4 (4.6%) respectively RADL RAD L repairrecombination repair like, like like) RADD D RAD51 (RAD5 60%, 60 60% (60%) 15%, 15 15% (15%) 12.5%, 125 12.5% 12 (12.5%) 5%, 5% (5%) 2.5%, 25 2.5% (2.5%) ovary endometrioidsynchronous endometrioid cases PLP nonendometrioidsynchronous non CHEK checkpoint case tissues CONCLUSION prognosis p5 48.8 (48.8% 18.6 (18.6% 11.6 (11.6% 6.9 (6.9% 4.6 (4.6% RAD5 (RAD (60% (15% 12.5 (12.5% (5% 2.5 (2.5% 48. (48.8 18. (18.6 11. (11.6 6. (6.9 4. (4.6 (60 (15 12. (12.5 (5 2. (2.5 (48. (18. (11. (6. (4. (6 (1 (12. ( (2. (48 (18 (11 (4 (12 (2

O estudo concentrou-se no fenômeno da identidade racial, uma questão complexa, polêmica, dialética, histórico-concreta, sociocultural, multifatorial, subjetiva-objetiva, individual-coletiva, que faz parte da identidade cultural, independentemente de algumas dúvidas quanto à sua existência, e que, no atual contexto cubano, está relacionada a práticas culturais racializadas. Sua relevância reside no fato de introduzir uma proposta de indicadores por meio dos quais ela pode ser investigada de forma concreta. Seu impacto se revela na precisão dos dados que permitiriam a avaliação dessa questão. A pesquisa foi baseada no paradigma misto, com o objetivo de determinar os indicadores que podem ser usados para investigar o fenômeno da identidade racial de forma concreta na sociedade cubana atual. O ponto de partida foi o diagnóstico da situação sócio-racial na província de Santiago de Cuba, por meio da aplicação de técnicas como pesquisas, entrevistas, observação e análise de conteúdo. A amostra foi ampla e diversificada (17.911 indivíduos entre 2021-2023), selecionada com base em uma abordagem não probabilística e intencional. Como resultado, foi elaborada uma proposta de indicadores gerais e específicos para o estudo da identidade racial no atual contexto cubano.

The present study focused on the racial identity phenomenon, a complex, controversial, dialectical, historical-concrete, sociocultural, multifactorial, subjective-objective, and individual-collective topic. Regardless of whether there are doubts regarding its existence, it is argued that it is part of cultural identity and that, in the current Cuban context, it is related to racialized cultural practices. Its relevance lies in the fact that it introduces a proposal of indicators through which it can be investigated concretely. Its impact is revealed in the precision of data that would allow the evaluation of this topic. This investigation has not been based on a single scientific paradigm; however, the dialectical-materialist paradigm served as the primary reference for diagnosing the socio-racial situation in Santiago de Cuba Province. The qualitative-quantitative (mixed) method has characterized this study by applying techniques such as surveys, interviews, observation, and content analysis. The sample has been significant (17,911 individuals between 2021 and 2023), selected using a non-probabilistic, intentional procedure. The objective pursued has been to determine the indicators that can be used to investigate the phenomenon of racial identity in a concrete way in current Cuban society.

El estudio se centró en el fenómeno de la identidad racial, un tema complejo, polémico, dialéctico, histórico-concreto, sociocultural, multifactorial, subjetivo-objetivo, individual-colectivo, que forma parte de la identidad cultural, independientemente de algunas dudas respecto a su existencia, y que en el contexto cubano actual se relaciona con prácticas culturales racializadas. Su pertinencia radica en que introduce una propuesta de indicadores a través de los que puede investigarse de manera concreta. Su impacto se revela en la precisión de datos que permitirían la evaluación de este tema. La investigación se sustentó en el paradigma mixto, con el objetivo de determinar los indicadores que pueden utilizarse para la investigación del fenómeno de la identidad racial de manera concreta en la sociedad cubana actual. Se partió del diagnóstico de la situación socio-racial en la provincia Santiago de Cuba, a través de la aplicación de técnicas como la encuesta, entrevista, observación y análisis de contenidos. La muestra fue amplia y diversa (17.911 individuos entre 2021-2023), seleccionada a partir de un proceder no probabilístico de tipo intencional. Como resultado, se elaboró una propuesta de indicadores generales y específicos para el estudio de la identidad racial en el contexto cubano actual.

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las aportaciones que la Secuencia Didáctica sobre alimentación saludable puede hacer a la alfabetización científica y tecnológica de los alumnos de los primeros cursos de primaria. El método consiste en un enfoque cualitativo basado en la investigación de intervención pedagógica. Se elaboró y aplicó una Secuencia Didáctica titulada Alfabetización y alimentación saludable. La investigación tuvo lugar en una clase de 2º grado del sistema escolar público municipal, en una ciudad situada en la región de Campos Gerais, en Paraná. Los resultados mostraron que la Secuencia Didáctica con el tema de la alimentación saludable promueve y posibilita la alfabetización científica y tecnológica, destacando la construcción del conocimiento. Se considera que las actividades dentro de los módulos propuestos en la Secuencia Didáctica contribuyeron al avance gradual de los conocimientos de cada alumno participante con relación al inicio de la educación científica en la Enseñanza de las Ciencias y al proceso de alfabetización.

O presente estudo objetiva apresentar uma análise das contribuições que a Sequência Didática com a temática alimentação saudável pode proporcionar para a alfabetização científica e tecnológica aos alunos dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O método consiste em uma abordagem qualitativa, cujo encaminhamento está baseado na pesquisa de intervenção pedagógica. Foi desenvolvida e aplicada uma Sequência Didática intitulada Alfabetização e Alimentação Saudável. A pesquisa aconteceu em uma turma de 2º ano na rede pública municipal, em uma cidade localizada na região dos Campos Gerais no Paraná. Os resultados apontaram que a Sequência Didática com a temática alimentação saudável promove e possibilita a alfabetização científica e tecnológica evidenciando a construção do conhecimento. Acredita-se que as atividades dentro dos módulos propostos na Sequência Didática contribuíram para o avanço gradativo do conhecimento de cada aluno participante no que se refere a iniciação da educação científica ao Ensino de Ciências e ao processo de alfabetização e de letramento.

The aim of this study is to present an analysis of the contributions that the Didactic Sequence on healthy eating can make to scientific and technological literacy among students in the early years of elementary school. The method consists of a qualitative approach based on pedagogical intervention research. A Didactic Sequence entitled Literacy and Healthy Eating was developed and applied. The research took place in a 2nd grade class in the municipal public school system, in a city located in the Campos Gerais region of Paraná. The results showed that the Didactic Sequence with the theme of healthy eating promotes and enables scientific and technological literacy, highlighting the construction of knowledge. It is believed that the activities within the modules proposed in the Didactic Sequence contributed to the gradual advancement of the knowledge of each participating student with regard to the initiation of scientific education in Science Teaching and the literacy process.

Abstract The art of the 17th century allows us to faithfully and sensibly demonstrate the practice of taking the pulse by doctors and healers. These works not only testify to medical activity, but also to the beliefs and customs of the time. Acting as chroniclers, 17th century artists documented a historical period of medicine that left superstition behind and progressively adopted the logic and concepts of the scientific method. The works of art about taking the pulse present a unique and singular vision of someone who is alien to the medical act, of a spectator, of a witness to the scene, in this case, the artist. This article seeks to highlight that intersection between the practice of taking the pulse and its representation in the art of the time. In addition, it aims to highlight the activity of the doctors of the moment, as well as exalt the activity of the artists who represented the taking of the pulse in their works of art.

Resumen El arte del siglo XVII permite evidenciar de manera fiel y sensata la práctica de la toma del pulso por parte de médicos y curanderos. Estas obras no solo atestiguan la actividad médica, sino también las creencias y costumbres de la época. Actuando como cronistas, los artistas del siglo XVII documentaron un periodo histórico de la medicina que dejaba atrás la superstición y adoptaba de manera progresiva la lógica y los conceptos del método científico. Las obras de arte sobre la toma del pulso plantean una visión única y singular de quien es ajeno al acto médico, de un espectador, de un testigo de la escena, en este caso, el artista. El presente artículo busca resaltar aquella intersección entre la práctica de tomar el pulso y su representación en el arte de la época. Además, pretende resaltar la actividad de los médicos del momento, así como exhaltar la actividad de los artistas que representaron la toma del pulso en sus obras de arte.

ABSTRACT The National Institute of Water Resources promotes efficient water management in agricultural enterprises, based on the application of scientific research results. In spite of the investment made in the Laguna Blanca Agricultural Enterprise, there are still difficulties in making agricultural production sustainable, due to the low agro-productivity of the soils and the decrease in the efficiency of irrigation water use. For this reason, it is necessary to update, from the design of the installations, the operating parameters of the irrigation systems with centre pivot and reel machines. Based on the solution of two real case studies, the negative effects of the presence of salts in the soil solution on crop yields and on the sustainability of the supply sources involved in the irrigation activity are addressed. The hypothetical-deductive method was used to validate the convenience of considering salinity in the soil saturation extract at the design stage. As a result, the average pumping flow rate was identified as the design parameter that significantly influences the operation of these irrigation machines; the increase of this parameter infers the need to establish plot drainage systems to reduce the effects of soil saturation and the presence of salts in the soil solution.

RESUMEN El Instituto Nacional de Recursos Hidráulicos promueve la gestión eficiente del agua en las empresas agropecuarias, sobre la base de aplicar resultados de investigaciones científicas. A pesar de la inversión realizada en la Empresa Agropecuaria Laguna Blanca, aún persisten dificultades para hacer sostenible las producciones agrícolas, debido a la baja agroproductividad de los suelos y el descenso de la eficiencia en el uso del agua de riego, por ello se infiere la necesidad de actualizar, desde el diseño de las instalaciones, los parámetros de explotación de los sistemas de riego con máquinas de Pivote Central y Enrolladores. Se aborda, a partir de la solución de dos casos de estudios reales, los efectos negativos de la presencia de sales en la solución del suelo, sobre el rendimiento de los cultivos y en la sostenibilidad de las fuentes de abasto implicadas en la actividad del riego. Se empleó el método hipotético - deductivo, para validar la conveniencia de considerar en la etapa de diseño, la salinidad en el extracto de saturación del suelo. Como resultado se identificó el caudal medio de bombeo, como el parámetro de diseño que influye significativamente en la explotación de estas máquinas de riego; el incremento de este parámetro infiere la necesidad de establecer sistemas de drenaje parcelario para disminuir los efectos de la saturación de los suelos y la presencia de sales en la solución del suelo.

Abstract The choice of this theme was based on a concern that arose from the search for scientific journals with an impact factor in the field of Social Work. The objective of this work is to argue, based on the analysis of six articles chosen by title, some dilemmas that arose in relation to the object of study of Social Work, the scientific method used and the epistemological obstacles they face. In methodological terms, a scientific trial was carried out. It is important to highlight that an essay is characterized as a logical and reflective exposition based on argumentation and personal interpretation and does not present the classic pattern of a scientific article (objectives, literature review, method, discussion, final considerations). The topic will not be explored exhaustively, especially because the number of articles analyzed does not provide sufficient data for an in-depth analysis, and there are most likely other causes beyond the object, the method and the epistemological obstacles in the construction of the scientificity of Social Work. The analysis showed some methodological inconsistencies in three of the articles studied. It is possible that in the field of Social Work there is a predominance of the Bachelardian conservative instinct in relation to the Marxian method, which may be hindering its development as a science. In this scientific theoretical essay, our intention was to reflect on a topic and we did not seek answers, but rather led the reader to deep reflection.

Resumo A escolha desse tema recaiu sobre uma inquietação que surgiu a partir da procura por periódicos científicos com fator de impacto no campo do Serviço Social. O objetivo desse trabalho é argumentar, a partir da análise de seis artigos escolhidos pelos títulos, alguns dilemas que surgiram em relação ao objeto de estudo do Serviço Social, ao método científico utilizado e aos obstáculos epistemológicos com os quais os mesmos se defrontam. Em termos metodológicos, foi realizado um ensaio científico. É importante salientar que um ensaio se caracteriza como uma exposição lógica e reflexiva fundamentada na argumentação e interpretação pessoal e não apresenta o padrão clássico de um artigo científico (objetivos, revisão de literatura, método, discussão, considerações finais). O tema não será explorado de maneira exaustiva, até porque o número de artigos analisados não fornece dados suficientes para uma análise profunda, sendo que muito provavelmente existem outras causas além do objeto, do método e dos obstáculos epistemológicos na construção da cientificidade do Serviço Social. A análise mostrou algumas inconsistências metodológicas em três dos artigos estudados. É possível que no campo do Serviço Social esteja havendo um predomínio do instinto conservativo bachelardiano em relação ao método marxiano, o que pode estar travando o seu desenvolvimento como ciência. Nesse ensaio teórico científico, nossa pretensão foi refletir sobre um tema e não procuramos respostas, e sim levar a uma reflexão profunda do leitor.

Abstract Introduction: professional codes of ethics should be updated periodically to respond to criticisms and demands arising from social, technological and scientific changes, especially in the field of human rights; Objectives: to verify the updating of the new Brazilian Code of Medical Ethics in the field of bioethics and human rights; Methods: document analysis of a document in the public domain, with previous definition of categories of analysis and registration units, with reference to the Unesco Universal Declaration of Bioethics and Human Rights. Results: the analysis showed the following most prevalent principles: dignity, autonomy, respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity, benefit and harmful effects, solidarity, privacy and confidentiality, non-discrimination and non-stigmatization; Not very well covered: people without the capacity for consent, social responsibility, protection of the environment and future generations; Absent: sharing of research benefits, equality, justice and equity, respect for cultural diversity and pluralism; Final considerations: the Brazilian Code of Medical Ethics values the maintenance of prudential autonomy in the relationship with patients and health professionals. The inclusion of broader social concerns, in a fragmentary and insufficient way, does not yet ensure the broad defense of public health, and the rights of people in vulnerability, who have historically been in a position of disparity. The application of the method in a specific context, of the pandemic, was useful for the understanding of the deontological and principlist limits applied to public health. A future revision is suggested based on Unesco's Universal Declaration of Bioethics and Human Rights and the deliberative method for interprofessional decision-making.

Resumo Introdução: os códigos profissionais de ética devem ser atualizados, periodicamente, para responder às críticas e demandas decorrentes de mudanças sociais, tecnológicas e científicas, especialmente no campo dos direitos humanos; Objetivos: verificar a atualização do novo Código de Ética Médica brasileiro ao campo da bioética e dos direitos humanos; Métodos: análise documental de documento de domínio público, com definição prévia de categorias de análise e unidades de registro, tendo como referencial teórico a Declaração Universal de Bioética e Direitos Humanos da Unesco. Resultados: a análise demonstrou como princípios mais prevalentes: dignidade, autonomia, respeito à vulnerabilidade humana e a integridade pessoal, benefício e efeitos nocivos, solidariedade, privacidade e confidencialidade, não discriminação e não estigmatização; pouco contemplados: pessoas sem capacidade de consentimento, responsabilidade social, proteção do meio ambiente e das gerações futuras; ausentes: repartição de benefícios da pesquisa, igualdade, justiça e equidade, respeito à diversidade cultural e ao pluralismo; Considerações finais: o Código de Ética Médica brasileiro preza pela manutenção de uma autonomia prudencial na relação com os pacientes e profissionais da saúde. A inclusão de preocupações sociais mais amplas, de forma fragmentária e insuficiente, não assegura ainda a ampla defesa da saúde pública, e dos direitos das pessoas em vulnerabilidade, situadas historicamente em posição de desigualdade. A aplicação do método em contexto específico, de pandemia, foi útil para a compreensão dos limites deontológicos e principialistas aplicados à saúde coletiva. Sugere-se uma futura revisão tendo como eixos a Declaração Universal de Bioética e Direitos Humanos da Unesco e o método deliberativo para tomada de decisões interprofissionais.

Abstract The People's self-concept contributes to their sense of identity, and if associated with methods that promote the involvement of participants, we develop knowledge that promotes causes and social change. Introduction: In recent decades, the scientific community has identified a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in nurses, as a result of work processes, high physical demands, workspaces, and the emotional and sometimes stressful association of clinical contexts. Obstetric nurses, due to their specific work, have been a group that has been little studied and, above all, little involved in research processes. Research Objective: This study aims to identify the self-perception of Obstetric nurses regarding daily activities in the labour context, which are self-perceived as high risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Methodology: A qualitative approach was used, utilising an empowering research method - Photovoice. Twenty who work full time in the delivery room took part. Photographic records were presented by the Obstetric nurses and their self-perceptions were shared through interviews. The interviews and photographs were then transcribed, analysed and categorised. Results: The average number of years as a Obstetric nurses was 14.4 years, but with 24.8 years working as a nurse. Twenty-two work activities with a potential risk to health were photographically recorded.

Resumen La etnoeducación permite avanzar hacia la interculturalidad, reconociendo las diversidades de culturas con que cuenta el estado colombiano; sin embargo, no se evidencia una ruta formativa clara como proyecto social que reivindique el saber de las comunidades y que permita fortalecer los procesos de identidad cultural necesarios para la pervivencia de los Pueblos Originarios. El objetivo del trabajo es responder si la etnoeducación aporta a la promoción del desarrollo sustentable desde el acto pedagógico de los Pueblos Originarios. Para lograrlo se hizo una revisión literaria de las publicaciones más citadas de los años 2017 a 2021 en las bases de datos Scopus, Web Of Science y Dimensions, seleccionadas por el idioma inglés, español y las palabras clave indexadas en el diccionario Tesauros de la UNESCO. En el análisis de la producción científica se utilizaron las herramientas Cienciométricas RStudio-Cloud, Bibliometrix y el método de Tree of Science (ToS). Asimismo, se manipuló los softwares VOSviewer y Gephi para identificar las subáreas de investigación y generar la red de conocimiento. El trabajo permitió marcar la evolución de la producción científica anual con 1.124 documento científicos, el mapa temático con tópicos emergentes relacionados a pedagogía, docencia, cultura, conocimientos ancestrales y la red de conocimiento forjada por los autores más importantes para este trabajo. Como conclusión principal se identificó que los procesos educativos deben surgir desde las comunidades étnicas, los cuales buscan transmitir las prácticas ancestrales, impulsar la sustentabilidad, educar al ser sin adaptarlo a doctrinas y modelos educativos desarrollistas.

Abstract Ethno-education allows advancing towards interculturality, recognizing the diversity of cultures in Colombia; however, there is no evidence of a clear formative route as a social project that vindicates the knowledge of the communities and allows strengthening the processes of cultural identity necessary for the survival of the Indigenous Peoples. The objective of this work is to answer whether ethno-education contributes to the promotion of sustainable development from the pedagogical act of the Indigenous Peoples. For this, a literature review was carried out from the most cited publications from the years 2017 to 2021 in the Scopus, Web of Science and Dimensions databases, selected by the English language, Spanish and the keywords indexed in the UNESCO Thesauri dictionary. In the analysis of scientific production, the scientometric tools RStudio-Cloud, Bibliometrix and the Tree of Science (ToS) method were used. The VOSviewer and Gephi software were also used to identify the research subareas and generate the knowledge network. The work allowed marking the evolution of the annual scientific production with 1,127 scientific documents, the thematic map with emerging topics related to pedagogy, teaching, culture, ancestral knowledge, and the knowledge network forged by the most important authors for this work. As a main conclusion, it was identified that the educational processes should arise from the heart of the ethnic communities, which seek to transmit ancestral practices, promote sustainability, educate the being without adapting it to developmentalist doctrines and educational models.