To discover new bisamide compounds with insecticidal and fungicidal activities, 19 novel cyproflanilide derivatives containing 1,2,4-oxadiazole group were designed and synthesized according to the principle of biologically active factor splicing. Preliminary biological assay data indicated that the majority of target compounds demonstrated significant insecticidal activity against Lepidopteran pests. Meanwhile, compounds 5p and 5q showed 97.22 and 100% lethality against Tetranychus cinnabarinus at 400 mg L-1, which were better than cyproflanilide (41.11% at 400 mg L-1). In addition, it is exciting that we have achieved our initial goals as some of the target compounds exhibited both insecticidal and fungicidal activities. For instance, compounds 5b and 5c showed 59.26 and 74.07% fungicidal activities against Cucumber downy mildew at 400 mg L-1, as well as 100% insecticidal activity against Plutella xylostella and armyworm at 100 mg L-1. Compound 5h showed 100% insecticidal activity against armyworm at 10 mg L-1, and also displayed 66.67% fungicidal activity against Cucumber downy mildew at 400 mg L-1. The inhibition rate of compounds 5l and 5s against Cucumber downy mildew reached 88.89 and 96.30% at 400 mg L-1. This work showed the effectively fungicidal application of 1,2,4-oxadiazole group in bisamide compounds and provides insights for optimal structural design. 1 1,2,4oxadiazole 124oxadiazole oxadiazole 1,2,4 2 4 splicing pests Meanwhile p q 9722 97 22 97.2 40 L1, L1 L 1, L-1 41.11% 4111 41 11 (41.11 L1. . L-1) addition instance b c 5926 59 26 59.2 7407 74 07 74.07 1. h 6667 66 67 66.67 l s 8889 88 89 88.8 9630 96 30 96.30 design 4oxadiazole 124 1,2, 972 9 97. L- 41.11 411 (41.1 592 5 59. 740 7 0 74.0 666 6 66.6 888 8 88. 963 3 96.3 12 1,2 41.1 (41. 74. 66. 96. 41. (41 (4 (

The present study analyzed the chemical composition and phytotoxic activity of Artemisia lancea essential oil (EO). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) results showed the presence of 55 compounds, representing 82.36% of the entire EO, with eucalyptol (18.7%) being the most abundant constituent. Phytotoxic bioassay results indicated that the EO (concentration ranging from 0.25-5 mg mL−1) inhibited the growth of Amaranthus retroflexus and Setaria viridis. Root length of A. retroflexus and S. viridis were reduced with the increasing concentration of the EO, especially when the EO was applied at 1-5 mg mL−1. When treated with 1-5 mg mL−1 EO, shoot length of A. retroflexus and S. viridis were also significantly suppressed. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for inhibiting root and shoot growth of A. retroflexus by the EO were 0.284 and 0.246 mg mL−1; for S. viridis, the EO showed IC50 values of 0.44 and 0.262 mg mL−1 for root and shoot inhibition, respectively. The most promising findings were observed when A. lancea EO concentration reached 1 mg mL−1 and higher, which completely inhibited seed germination of A. retroflexus and S. viridis. These findings suggest A. lancea EO has potential as an eco-friendly bioherbicide for agricultural weed control. EO. . (EO) chromatographymass chromatography mass GCMS GC MS (GC-MS 5 compounds 8236 82 36 82.36 18.7% 187 18 7 (18.7% constituent 0.255 0255 0.25 0 25 0.25- mL1 mL A S 15 1- mL− suppressed IC (IC50 0284 284 0.28 0246 246 0.24 IC5 044 44 0.4 0262 262 0.26 inhibition respectively higher ecofriendly eco friendly control (EO 823 8 3 82.3 18.7 (18.7 255 025 0.2 2 (IC5 028 28 024 24 04 4 0. 026 26 82. 18. (18. 02 (IC (18 (1 (

This study aimed to employ bibliometric methodologies to provide an overview of silver nanoparticles used as antimicrobial agents over the past decade. According to research conducted using the Scopus and Web of Science databases, a total of 2504 articles were published globally, of which 109 were from Brazilian institutions. Notably, approximately 70% of the leading article-producing countries are in Asia, with India emerging as the primary contributor with 1892 articles. Brazil ranked sixth in terms of publication volume, contributing 366 articles. Predominantly, the Southeastern region of Brazil exhibited the highest publication output, constituting 61% of the total, with the state of São Paulo playing a central role. Despite a gradual increase in the number of publications, most studies focused on synthesis methodologies, mainly producing aqueous silver nanoparticle solutions and their correlation with antimicrobial applications. The scarcity of publications addressing their efficacy in final commercialized products poses challenges for regulatory actions, quality control, and sanitary surveillance. Bibliometric studies are valuable tools for guiding future research efforts with significant potential impacts to foster a deeper understanding of this topic within the scientific community. decade databases 250 globally 10 institutions Notably 70 articleproducing article Asia 189 volume 36 Predominantly output 61 role applications actions control surveillance community 25 1 7 18 3 6 2

We created a fast and effective thin-layer chromatography method to detect homoisoflavones in Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce (POD), demonstrating high sensitivity, specificity, and stability. Utilizing this method, we assessed the quality of 20 commercial batches of POD. Our results indicated that homoisoflavones (III, IV, and V) were present in 8 samples, absent in 7, and detected in 5. This method facilitates the effective evaluation of POD germplasm resources, laying a strong foundation for enhancing quality standards. This advancement aids in the standardization and quality control of POD, ensuring the consistency of its active ingredients and thereby supporting its therapeutic applications. thinlayer thin layer Mill. Mill (Mill. , (POD) sensitivity specificity stability 2 III, III (III IV V samples 7 5 resources standards applications (Mill (POD

ABSTRACT Plant growth regulators play an essential role in plants’ biochemical processes. In this study, foliar spray was applied using three growth regulators, gibberellic acid (GA3), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP), to investigate their effects on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ‘Giza-171’ yield traits and grain biochemical constituents, including sugars, carbohydrates and protein. The assessed growth regulators (GA3, NAA, and BAP) were applied at 100 and 150 mg L-1 concentrations. The results indicated significant improvements in wheat grain yield and 1000-grain weight, which increased by 15.40% and 24.78%, respectively, using GA3 at 150 and 100 mg L-1. In addition, the highest contents of protein and carbohydrates were observed with samples treated by the foliar application of NAA at 150 mg L-1 and BAP at 100 mg L-1, respectively. The fat content in wheat grains increased by 1.97% and 2.73% with foliar spray with 150 mg L-1 NAA and 100 mg L-1 BAP, respectively. The lipid profile showed cis-linoleic acid was the primary fatty acid, followed by palmitic acid; the content of linoleic acid slightly increased with GA3 treatment to 50.42%, while palmitic acid significantly increased with 100 mg L-1 NAA. The total saturated and unsaturated fatty acids recorded 33.64% and 66.30%, respectively; the 150 mg L-1 NAA treatment had the lowest saturated fatty acid content. The SDS-PAGE profiles showed that growth regulators significantly enhanced the wheat protein where new bands appeared, especially in 100 mg L-1 GA3 and 100 mg L-1 BAP treatments. The applied growth regulators improved wheat yield, contents of some compounds, and nutritional value.

Abstract: Estoa journal´s editorial emphasises the increasing importance of evaluation and validation processes in scientific publications, particularly in architectural research. It highlights the necessity of generating and contextualising processes to ensure replicability, functionality, and sustainability in research studies. The integration of new technologies, such as digital simulation, virtual reality, and biomaterials, has revolutionised these processes, enhancing the precision and rigour of evaluations. The journal's current issue focuses on the impact of these technologies on architectural and urban studies, presenting 16 diverse articles that explore various aspects of this transformation. Key themes include the application of innovative technologies in architecture, urbanism, and public policy, emphasising sustainability, bioclimatic efficiency, and heritage preservation. The editorial concludes by encouraging readers to reflect on improving evaluation processes and responsibly educating future generations to use these new technologies effectively. It underscores the critical role of precision, sustainability, and adaptability in modern society and the significant impact of technological advancements on architectural and urban environments.

Resumen: La editorial de la revista Estoa enfatiza la creciente importancia de los procesos de evaluación y validación en las publicaciones científicas, especialmente en la investigación arquitectónica. Destaca la necesidad de generar y contextualizar procesos para asegurar la replicabilidad, funcionalidad y sostenibilidad en los estudios de investigación. La integración de nuevas tecnologías, como la simulación digital, la realidad virtual y los biomateriales, ha revolucionado estos procesos, mejorando la precisión y el rigor de las evaluaciones. El número actual de la revista se centra en el impacto de estas tecnologías en los estudios arquitectónicos y urbanos, presentando 16 artículos diversos que exploran varios aspectos de esta transformación. Los temas clave incluyen la aplicación de tecnologías innovadoras en la arquitectura, el urbanismo y las políticas públicas, enfatizando la sostenibilidad, la eficiencia bioclimática y la preservación del patrimonio. La editorial concluye animando a los lectores a reflexionar sobre cómo mejorar los procesos de evaluación y educar responsablemente a las futuras generaciones para que utilicen estas nuevas tecnologías de manera efectiva. Subraya el papel crucial de la precisión, la sostenibilidad y la adaptabilidad en la sociedad moderna y el impacto significativo de los avances tecnológicos en los entornos arquitectónicos y urbanos.

Abstract Given the importance of conducting research ethically when studying humans, this article involves considerations on basic ethical principles in dental research of behavioral and social factors. Research in these fields contribute to understand social interactions, attitudes, individual and group dynamics. As well, research in these areas not only delve into scientific knowledge of human nature, but also support evidence-based decision-making of health policies and interventions. The four main ethical principles apply to studies on behavioral and social factors. First, respect for persons dictates researchers must protect participants’ autonomy, which is the basis for informed consent. Moreover, the principle of beneficence refers to act in such a way that participants benefit from taking part of a research study. Also, beneficence promotes participants’ safety and well-being. Non-maleficence requires that researchers avoid or minimize harm to others. Justice implies fair treatment. Additional aspects of justice involve respecting participants’ privacy and confidentiality. Ethical principles require interpretation. Therefore, some examples are provided, aiming that researchers overview and apply these norms. Ethical judgement and appropriate decision making are of great importance at any stage of research with human beings.

Resumen Dada la importancia de realizar investigaciones de manera ética cuando se estudian seres humanos, este artículo incluye consideraciones sobre principios éticos básicos en la investigación dental de factores sociales y de comportamiento. La investigación en estos campos contribuyen a comprender las interacciones sociales, las actitudes y las dinámicas individuales y grupales. Además, la investigación en estas áreas no solo profundiza en el conocimiento científico sobre la naturaleza humana, sino que también, respalda la toma de decisiones sobre políticas e intervenciones de salud, basada en evidencia. Los cuatro principios éticos principales aplican a estudios sobre factores sociales y de comportamiento. En primer lugar, el respeto a las personas exige que los investigadores protejan la autonomía de los participantes, que es la base del consentimiento informado. Además, el principio de beneficencia se refiere a actuar de tal manera que los participantes se beneficien al participar en un estudio de investigación. También, la beneficencia promueve la seguridad y el bienestar de los participantes. La no maleficencia requiere que los investigadores eviten o minimicen el daño a otros. La justicia implica un trato justo. Otros aspectos de la justicia implican respetar la privacidad y confidencialidad de los participantes. Los principios éticos requieren interpretación. Por lo tanto, se proporcionan algunos ejemplos, con el objetivo de que los investigadores revisen y apliquen estas normas. El juicio ético y la adecuada toma de decisiones son de gran importancia en cualquier etapa de la investigación con seres humanos.

Abstract This study aim to analyze the scientific productivity of the journal "Odovtos-International Journal of Dental Sciences" during the period from 2019 to 2023. Manuscripts were selected from the Scopus database using the search criterion `SRCTITLE ("Odovtos-International Journal of Dental Sciences") AND PUBYEAR > 2019 AND PUBYEAR < 2024`. During the evaluated period, 164 manuscripts were identified in the journal. Of these, 36 articles, 14 reviews, 7 editorials, and 7 letters to the editor were evaluated. The selected manuscripts were analyzed in terms of their content, authors, institutions, countries of origin, keywords provided by the authors, and citations received. Amaury De Jesús Pozos- Guillen, from the Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí in Mexico, had the highest academic production with a total of 10 publications. Adrián Gómez-Fernández, from the University of Costa Rica, showed a high Field-Weighted Citation Impact (Field-Weighted Citation Impact) with a value of 0.45, having received 43 citations in total. The University of Costa Rica led in terms of academic production with 44 publications. The Universidad Científica del Sur in Peru produced 15 publications. Despite having only 5 publications, the Universidad Arturo Prat in Chile achieved a high citation impact weighted by field of 0.86. The results of the analysis provided valuable insight into scholarly production and collaboration among authors in the journal. The findings of this study may be useful for researchers, journal editors, and policy makers to better understand the dynamics and trends in the field of dental sciences.

Resumen Este estudio analizó la productividad científica de la revista "Odovtos-International Journal of Dental Sciences" durante el período de 2019 a 2023. Los manuscritos fueron seleccionados de la base de datos Scopus utilizando el criterio de búsqueda `SRCTITLE ("Odovtos-International Journal of Dental Sciences") Y AÑO PUBLIC > 2019 Y AÑO PUBLIC < 2024`. Durante el período evaluado, se identificaron 164 manuscritos en la revista. De ellos se evaluaron 36 artículos, 14 revisiones, 7 editoriales y 7 cartas al editor. Los manuscritos seleccionados fueron analizados en cuanto a su contenido, autores, instituciones, países de origen, palabras clave proporcionadas por los autores y citas recibidas. Amaury De Jesús Pozos-Guillen, de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí en México, tuvo la mayor producción académica con un total de 10 publicaciones. Adrián Gómez-Fernández, de la Universidad de Costa Rica, mostró un alto Field-Weighted Citation Impact (Impacto de citación ponderado por campo) con un valor de 0,45; recibiendo 43 citaciones en total. La Universidad de Costa Rica lideró en términos de producción académica con 44 publicaciones. La Universidad Científica del Sur de Perú produjo 15 publicaciones. A pesar de tener solo 5 publicaciones, la Universidad Arturo Prat de Chile logró un alto impacto de citación ponderado por campo de 0,86. Los resultados del análisis proporcionaron información valiosa sobre la producción académica y la colaboración entre los autores de la revista. Los hallazgos de este estudio pueden ser útiles para que investigadores, editores de revistas y formuladores de políticas comprendan mejor la dinámica y las tendencias en el campo de las ciencias odontológicas.

Abstract An overview study is presented regarding pedagogical practices in school Physical Education, conducted through the search and analysis of academic documents focusing on Latin America. The primary objective is to interpret the circulation of practice typologies, recurring themes, and methodologies employed in each case. To achieve this, a content analysis of 31 documents was conducted, including journal articles and works presented at scientific events. The results allow the identification of a theme of interest within the field of Physical Education in recent years, revealing four typologies of pedagogical practices organized based on theoretical dimensions that distinguish them, along with specific methodologies developed by the community of researchers.

Resumo Apresenta-se um estudo do estado da arte sobre as práticas pedagógicas na Educação Física escolar, realizado por meio da busca e análise de documentos acadêmicos com enfoque geográfico na América Latina. O objetivo principal é interpretar a circulação das tipologias de práticas, os temas recorrentes e as metodologias empregadas em cada caso. Para isso, realizou-se uma análise de conteúdo de 31 documentos, incluindo artigos de revistas e trabalhos apresentados em eventos científicos. Os resultados obtidos permitem identificar uma temática de interesse para o campo da Educação Física nos últimos anos, na qual são observadas quatro tipologias de práticas pedagógicas organizadas a partir de dimensões teóricas que as distinguem, e metodologias específicas desenvolvidas pela comunidade de pesquisadores/as.

Resumen Se presenta un estudio del estado del arte sobre las prácticas pedagógicas en la Educación Física escolar, el cual se realizó mediante la búsqueda y análisis de documentos académicos con enclave geográfico en Latinoamérica. El objetivo principal es interpretar la circulación de las tipologías de prácticas, los temas recurrentes y las metodologías empleadas en cada caso. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un análisis de contenido de 31 documentos, incluyendo artículos de revistas y trabajos presentados en eventos científicos. Los resultados obtenidos permiten identificar una temática de interés para el campo de la Educación Física en los últimos años, en la que se pueden observar cuatro tipologías de prácticas pedagógicas organizadas a partir de dimensiones teóricas que las distinguen y metodologías específicas desarrolladas por la comunidad de investigadores/as.

Abstract GLP1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) are drugs that mimic the effects of the incretin hormone GLP1 and were initially introduced in medicine for the treatment of diabetes in 2005 and for obesity in 2014. Over time, data from secondary and exploratory objectives of large randomized controlled-trials suggested that GLP1-RAs could also exert renal action by slowing the progression of kidney disease in patients with and without diabetes. Based on this rationale, the Flow study (1 mg semaglutide vs placebo) was designed and recruitment began in 2019 until May 2021. The recently published results confirmed the effect of semaglutide in reducing the composite renal outcome. However, similar to SGLT2 inhibitors, the potential mechanisms behind the renal effects of GLP1-RAs still need to be elucidated. The aim of this review is to address the different physiological mechanisms of GLP1-RAs at the renal level, using evidence from experimental studies and current scientific literature. GLP GLP1RAs GLPRAs RAs (GLP1-RAs 200 2014 time controlledtrials controlled trials rationale 1 ( placebo 201 2021 outcome However SGLT inhibitors elucidated level literature 20 202 2

Resumo Os agonistas do receptor de GLP1 (GLP1-RAs) são medicamentos que imitam os efeitos do hormônio incretínico GLP1. Eles foram inicialmente introduzidos na medicina para o tratamento do diabetes em 2005 e para a obesidade em 2014. Com o passar do tempo, dados provenientes de objetivos secundários e exploratórios de amplos ensaios clínicos randomizados sugeriram que os GLP1-RAs também poderiam exercer ação renal ao retardar a progressão da doença renal em pacientes com e sem diabetes. Com base nesse raciocínio, o estudo Flow (semaglutida 1 mg vs. placebo) foi desenhado e o recrutamento começou em 2019, estendendo-se até maio de 2021. Os resultados publicados recentemente confirmaram o efeito da semaglutida na redução do desfecho renal composto. No entanto, assim como os inibidores do SGLT2, os mecanismos potenciais por trás dos efeitos renais dos GLP1-RAs ainda precisam ser elucidados. O objetivo desta revisão é abordar os diferentes mecanismos fisiológicos dos GLP1-RAs em nível renal, utilizando evidências de estudos experimentais e da literatura científica atual. GLP GLP1RAs GLPRAs RAs (GLP1-RAs 200 2014 tempo raciocínio vs placebo 2019 estendendose estendendo se 2021 composto entanto SGLT2 SGLT elucidados atual 20 201 202 2

SIGNIFICANCE: Agriculture, an essential pillar of South Africa's economy, has evolved through a century of scientific advancements. This Perspective highlights the significant research contributions to the improvement of citrus and maize production, addressing historical challenges and emphasising ongoing issues such as climate change, water scarcity and soil quality The introduction of modern agricultural practices, including hybrid seeds, genetic modification, and advanced irrigation techniques, has transformed these crops, enabling increased productivity and global competitiveness. However, the sector faces persistent challenges, including the impacts of climate change and food security concerns, particularly in rural communities. We also explore future prospects, underscoring the importance of technology adoption and sustainable practices to enhance food security South Africa's agricultural research, although underfunded compared to developed nations, remains crucial for sustaining the agricultural landscape and ensuring the sector's resilience and growth in an increasingly challenging global environment

This article provides a chronological account of the South African Journal of Science (SAJS) from its inception in 1903 up to the present. This approach clarifies the shifts in emphasis and purpose as the Journal moved through changing publishing structures. Over the course of a century, the SAJS evolved from a publication that included both lay and professional contributions into a formal professionalised scholarly journal while retaining its accessibility Originally appearing as the Report of the South African Association for the Advancement of Science (S2A3), for many decades the content presented the work of people with scientific interests, as reflected at the Annual Meetings of the S2A3 convened at various locations around southern Africa. Its objective was to serve as a means of communication between scientific workers in all fields and at different levels and not to restrict itself to publishing erudite original findings alone. A further aim was to communicate interesting evidence-based knowledge to the general public, thereby linking science to broader society From those beginnings, the article traces the numerous changes in format, regularity quality and financing over a century As science and scientists became more formalised in South Africa, editorial disciplines were introduced, and higher quality contributions were solicited. Financial considerations thrust the Journal under different publishing umbrellas. Authors became more professional and disciplined in their publications. This article chronicles the development of the SAJS into the open-access scholarly multidisciplinary journal it is today SIGNIFICANCE: This work contributes to the history of scientific publishing and scientific institutional history in South Africa. Previous literature in the field of the history of science has made use of contributions to academic journals as sources, but this article on the South African Journal of Science shifts attention to the publication itself to focus on South Africa's most important multidisciplinary journal. Its partnership with Nature is significant and not generally known. Moreover, this article creates opportunities for further research within the field of colonial and imperial science, nationalism, professionalisation, and links between South African scholarly journals and those published elsewhere.

SIGNIFICANCE: In this Perspective, we reflect on the rich history of organismai biology in South Africa, particularly focusing on the manuscripts submitted to the South African Journal of Science (SAJS). Some of our discussions highlight the evolution of organismai research in South Africa and its significance within the South African scientific community A key contribution of this piece is its exploration of submission trends in SAJS and the identification of pressing research needs for the Journal. We also emphasise areas that warrant further investigation that could enhance the field of organismai biology

SIGNIFICANCE: This article demonstrates how SAJS has played a significant role in validating and documenting scientific breakthroughs in chemistry, among other disciplines. As a central discipline, chemistry has contributed to economic and industrial growth in manufacturing, mining, health, food, water, energy and other industry sectors. The discipline supports the implementation of nearly 12 of the 17 United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals 2030. Chemistry through research and innovation, will continue to play a significant role in responding to emerging technologies that drive industrial revolution, with artificial intelligence as one of the enablers.

SIGNIFICANCE: Surfacing the connections between science engagement, engaged science, and sustainability sciences, we urge a re-evaluation of sustainability science's beneficiaries and goals, by advocating a transdisciplinary approach to address sustainability challenges, based on a relational ontology. Thinking with posthumanist, feminist new materialist and Black feminist theories, we consider the importance of multispecies attention and empathy in scientific research. We propose a concept of evolving new perceptual organs in humans to enhance collective responsiveness, inspired by the lateral line organ in fish and their collaborative intelligence for navigating contemporary social and ecological crises and injustices in 'hot messes'.