ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate smartphone addiction and postural alterations in the cervical region in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 281 adolescents (15 to 19 years old), attending the 1st to the 3rd grades of High School, carried out between September and October 2019 in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Data collection took place in two stages. In the first, they answered four self-administered questionnaires: sociodemographic questionnaire, health conditions and smartphone use, Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptom Questionnaire (NMQ), Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and the Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI-BR). In the second stage, they were submitted to photogrammetry using the Postural Assessment Software (SAPO) and anthropometric assessment (weight and height). The software SPSS Statistics version 23.0 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the total number of adolescents, 63.3% (n=178) showed smartphone addiction, using it for 5.8 hours (±3.5) during the week and 8.7 (±4.0) hours on the weekend. When analyzing postural alignment in the anterior view, a significant reduction in the lateral head tilt was observed when typing on the smartphone (p=0.002) compared to the anatomical position (baseline). In the lateral view, an increase in head anteriorization was observed during smartphone use (p<0.05). There was an association between smartphone addiction and head anteriorization (p<0.05). Conclusions: The use of the smartphone in the typing position causes postural alterations in the cervical region, especially in adolescents with smartphone addiction. Therefore, health promotion measures that alert adolescents to the adverse effects caused by prolonged smartphone use are necessary. Objective Methods crosssectional cross sectional 28 15 (1 1 old, old , old) st rd School 201 Fortaleza Ceará Brazil stages first selfadministered self administered questionnaires questionnaire NMQ, NMQ (NMQ) SelfReport Self Report SRQ20 SRQ 20 (SRQ-20 SPAIBR. SPAIBR SPAI BR . (SPAI-BR) stage SAPO (SAPO weight height. height height) 230 23 0 23. analysis Results 633 63 3 63.3 n=178 n178 n 178 (n=178 58 5 8 5. ±3.5 35 (±3.5 87 7 8. ±4.0 40 4 (±4.0 weekend view p=0.002 p0002 p 002 (p=0.002 baseline. baseline (baseline) p<0.05. p005 p<0.05 05 (p<0.05) Conclusions Therefore necessary 2 ( (NMQ SRQ2 (SRQ-2 (SPAI-BR 6 63. n=17 n17 17 (n=17 ±3. (±3. ±4. (±4. p=0.00 p000 00 (p=0.00 (baseline p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 (SRQ- n=1 n1 (n=1 ±3 (±3 ±4 (±4 p=0.0 (p=0.0 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 (SRQ n= (n= ± (± p=0. (p=0. p<0 (p<0. (n p=0 (p=0 p< (p<0 p= (p= (p< (p

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a dependência do smartphone e a alteração postural da região cervical em adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com 281 adolescentes (15 a 19 anos), que frequentavam da 1ᵃ à 3ᵃ série do ensino médio, realizado entre setembro e outubro de 2019 na cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em duas etapas. Na primeira, eles responderam a quatro questionários autoaplicáveis: questionário sociodemográfico, condições de saúde e uso do smartphon e, Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Musculoesqueléticos (NMQ), Self-Report Questi onnaire (SRQ-20) e o Smartphone A ddiction Inventory (SPAI-BR). Na segunda etapa, foram submetidos a fotogrametria pelo Software de Avaliação Postural (SAPO) e avaliação antropométrica (peso e altura). Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizado o SPSS Statistics versão 23.0. Resultados: Do total, 63,3% (n=178) dos adolescentes apresentaram dependência do smartphone, com o uso de 5,8 horas (±3,5) durante a semana e 8,7 (±4,0) no fim de semana. Ao analisar o alinhamento postural na visão anterior, observou-se redução significativa da inclinação lateral de cabeça ao digitar no smartphon e (p=0,002) comparado à posição anatômica (baseline). Na visão lateral foi constatado aumento da anteriorização de cabeça durante o uso do smartphon e (p<0,05). Houve associação da dependência do smartphone com a anteriorização de cabeça (p<0,05). Conclusões: O uso do smartphone na posição de digitação causa alteração postural na região cervical, destacadamente naqueles que apresentam dependência do dispositivo. Dessa forma, são necessárias medidas de promoção de saúde que alertem os adolescentes sobre os efeitos adversos causados pelo uso prolongado do smartphone. Objetivo Métodos transversal 28 15 (1 1 anos, anos , anos) ᵃ médio 201 Fortaleza Ceará Brasil etapas primeira autoaplicáveis sociodemográfico NMQ, NMQ (NMQ) SelfReport Self Report SRQ20 SRQ 20 (SRQ-20 SPAIBR. SPAIBR SPAI BR . (SPAI-BR) etapa SAPO (SAPO peso altura. altura altura) 230 23 0 23.0 Resultados total 633 63 3 63,3 n=178 n178 n 178 (n=178 58 5 8 5, ±3,5 35 (±3,5 87 7 8, ±4,0 40 4 (±4,0 anterior observouse observou se p=0,002 p0002 p 002 (p=0,002 baseline. baseline (baseline) p<0,05. p005 p<0,05 05 (p<0,05) Conclusões dispositivo forma 2 ( (NMQ SRQ2 (SRQ-2 (SPAI-BR 23. 6 63, n=17 n17 17 (n=17 ±3, (±3, ±4, (±4, p=0,00 p000 00 (p=0,00 (baseline p00 p<0,0 (p<0,05 (SRQ- n=1 n1 (n=1 ±3 (±3 ±4 (±4 p=0,0 (p=0,0 p0 p<0, (p<0,0 (SRQ n= (n= ± (± p=0, (p=0, p<0 (p<0, (n p=0 (p=0 p< (p<0 p= (p= (p< (p

ABSTRACT: Fruit seeds, in terms of nutrition, are as wholesome as the grains cultivated exclusively for human consumption. The fruit pulp-processing agroindustry, more often than not, discards these seeds as unprofitable waste. The inclusion of seeds as a consumer product, equal in value to the pulp itself, can be made possible by adopting processes that increase their worth, and ideally at minimal costs. The controlled germination process is suitable for such an endeavor. The strategy presented here, is low in cost and permits the modulation of the constituents of the seeds by breaking the continuity of the process at the precise time, thus enabling the formation of a new product, which possesses bioactive properties. This research was performed with the focus on exploring the ways that the germination time influences the constituents of the seeds in four melon varieties. The Cantaloupe, Gália, Pele-de-Sapo and Orange melon seeds were studied and the water content, ash, proteins, lipids, total and reducing sugars, total phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids and anthocyanins were determined in the samples. This was done in natura and post germination specifically at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Germination altered all the parameters, except the ash content. In Pele-de-Sapo, the protein content dropped, while in the others it showed an increase. Germination caused a rise in the values of the total and reducing sugars, as well as the total phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids and anthocyanins, showing variations during the intermediate times, based on the variety. Mostly, higher values were achieved at 96 h of the germination process. ABSTRACT nutrition consumption pulpprocessing processing agroindustry not waste product itself worth costs endeavor here properties varieties Cantaloupe Gália PeledeSapo Pele de Sapo proteins lipids sugars compounds tannins samples 24 48 7 9 hours parameters PeledeSapo, Sapo, dropped times variety Mostly 2 4

RESUMO: Sementes de frutas são materiais tão nutritivos quanto grãos produzidos especificamente para o consumo, no entanto, comumente essas sementes são desprezadas pela agroindústria de processamento de polpas de frutas como resíduo sem valor. A inserção desse tipo de material como produto de consumo tão nobre quanto à própria polpa pode ser viabilizada pela utilização de processos que lhe agreguem valor, preferencialmente com os menores custos. O processo de germinação controlada pode ser utilizado com esse fim. Trata-se de uma estratégia de baixo custo, que permite modular os constituintes das sementes pela interrupção do processo no tempo adequado, permitindo a criação de um novo produto, com destaque para as propriedades bioativas. O trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de se estudar o efeito do tempo de germinação sobre os constituintes das sementes de quatro variedades de melão. Foram utilizadas sementes de melões das variedades Cantaloupe, Gália, Pele-de-Sapo e Orange, determinando-se o teor de água, cinzas, proteínas, lipídios, açúcares totais e redutores, compostos fenólicos totais, taninos, flavonoides e antocianinas nas amostras in natura e após germinação em tempos de 24, 48, 72 e 96 h. Com exceção do teor de cinzas, todos os parâmetros foram alterados pela germinação. Na Pele-de-Sapo o teor de proteínas foi reduzido, nas demais, foi aumentado. Açúcares totais e redutores, compostos fenólicos totais, taninos, flavonoides e antocianinas tiveram teores elevados com a germinação, variando em tempos intermediários conforme a variedade, em sua maioria com valores mais altos atingidos em 96 h de processo germinativo. RESUMO entanto valor custos fim Tratase Trata custo adequado bioativas melão Cantaloupe Gália PeledeSapo Pele Sapo Orange determinandose determinando água cinzas lipídios redutores taninos 24 48 7 9 reduzido demais aumentado variedade germinativo 2 4

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate and correlate the sagittal balance parameters with the postural of the pelvis and lumbar spine. Methods: 80 individuals of both sexes, aged between 20 and 35 years, were evaluated. Biophotogrammetry was done with the SAPO software program. Measurements of the sagittal balance parameters were obtained by analyzing a lateral view panoramic radiography of the vertebral column, in which the anatomical points of reference were digitally marked. The calculation of the angles was done automatically by the Keops program. Results: In Keops assessment, 17.5% of the sample had high pelvic incidence angles (> 60°), 31.5% had low pelvic incidence angles (< 45°), and 51.2% had medium pelvic incidence angles (between 46° and 59°). SAPO showed 12,5% lordosis, 40% retroversion, and 47,5% normal curvature. In the right lateral view, pelvic incidence angle had a moderate and positive correlation with vertical alignment of the trunk and with vertical alignment of the body, and a negative and moderate correlation with horizontal alignment of the pelvis. Conclusion: Differences were found between vertical alignment measurements from the postural evaluation system (SAPO). A positive correlation was found between PI from Keops and pelvic anteversion from SAPO. Level of Evidence II; Prospective Study. Objective spine Methods 8 sexes 2 3 years evaluated program column marked Results assessment 175 17 5 17.5 > ( 60°, 60 60° , 60°) 315 31 31.5 < 45°, 45 45° 45°) 512 51 51.2 46 59°. 59 59° . 59°) 125 12 12,5 lordosis 40 retroversion 475 47 47,5 curvature body Conclusion (SAPO) II Study 1 17. 6 31. 4 51. 12, 47, (SAPO

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar e correlacionar o equilíbrio sagital com parâmetros posturais da pelve e coluna lombar Métodos: Foram avaliados 80 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 20 e 35 anos. A biofotogrametria foi realizada com o software SAPO. As medidas dos parâmetros do equilíbrio sagital foram obtidas pela análise de uma radiografia panorâmica em perfil da coluna vertebral, na qual os pontos anatômicos de referência foram marcados digitalmente. O cálculo dos ângulos foi feito automaticamente pelo programa Keops. Resultados: Na avaliação Keops, 17,5% da amostra apresentavam ângulos de incidência pélvicos altos (> 60°), 31,5% tinham ângulos de incidência pélvicos baixos (< 45°) e 51,2% apresentavam ângulos de incidência pélvicos médios (entre 46° e 59°). O SAPO apresentou 12,5% de lordose, 40% de retroversão e 47,5% de curvatura normal. Na vista lateral direita, o ângulo de incidência da pelve apresentou correlação moderada e positiva com o alinhamento vertical do tronco e com o alinhamento vertical do corpo e negativa e moderada com o alinhamento horizontal da pelve. Conclusão: Foram encontradas diferenças entre as medidas de alinhamento vertical do sistema de avaliação postural (SAPO). Uma correlação positiva foi encontrada entre IP de Keops e anteversão pélvica de SAPO. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo Prospectivo. Objetivo Métodos 8 sexos 2 3 anos vertebral digitalmente Resultados 175 17 5 17,5 > ( 60°, 60 60° , 60°) 315 31 31,5 < 45° 45 512 51 51,2 46 59°. 59 59° . 59°) 125 12 12,5 lordose 40 475 47 47,5 normal direita Conclusão (SAPO) II Prospectivo 1 17, 6 31, 4 51, 12, 47, (SAPO

Resumo O gênero Amblyomma (Arachnida: Ixodidae) é amplamente distribuído na América do Sul, com 34 espécies ocorrendo no Brasil. Amblyomma nodosum Neumann 1889 é uma espécie que se alimenta predominantemente de Passeriformes, durante os estágios imaturos (larvas e ninfas), e de tamanduás (Myrmecophagidae) durante os estágios adultos. O objetivo do presente estudo é relatar, pela primeira vez, um caso incomum de parasitismo por adultos de A. nodosum em um Sapo-cururu (Rhinella icterica), capturado na cidade de Nossa Senhora da Glória, estado de Sergipe (Nordeste do Brasil) na Caatinga, e também investigar a presença de DNA de Rickettsia no material coletado. DNA foi extraído de todos os espécimes (N=8) coletados e submetidos a ensaios de cPCR baseados no gene endógeno 16S rRNA de carrapatos e no gene gltA de Rickettsia sp. Todas as amostras (8/8; 100%) foram positivas para o gene endógeno 16S rRNA e dois amplicons (obtidos de um macho e uma fêmea) foram purificados e sequenciados. A análise BLASTn das sequências revelou um alto grau de similaridade (95-100%) com sequências de A. nodosum previamente depositadas no GenBank, enquanto a análise filogenética agrupou as sequências obtidas no mesmo clado das sequências de A. nodosum do Brasil. Arachnida (Arachnida Ixodidae Sul 3 Brasil 188 Passeriformes larvas ninfas, ninfas , ninfas) Myrmecophagidae (Myrmecophagidae relatar vez Sapocururu Sapo cururu Rhinella icterica, icterica icterica) Glória Nordeste Caatinga coletado N=8 N8 N 8 (N=8 S sp 8/8 88 (8/8 100% 100 obtidos fêmea sequenciados 95100% 95100 95 (95-100% GenBank 18 N= (N= 8/ (8/ 10 9510 9 (95-100 1 (N (8 951 (95-10 ( (95-1 (95- (95 (9

Abstract The Amblyomma genus (Arachnida: Ixodidae) is widely distributed in South America, with 34 species occurring in Brazil. Amblyomma nodosum Neumann 1889 is a species that predominantly feeds on Passeriformes during immature stages (larvae and nymphs) and anteaters (Myrmecophagidae) during adult stages. The aim of the present study is to report, for the first time, an unusual case of parasitism by adults of A. nodosum on a yellow cururu toad (Rhinella icterica) captured in the city of Nossa Senhora da Glória, Sergipe state (Northeastern Brazil) in the Caatinga biome, and also investigate the presence of DNA of Rickettsia in the collected material. DNA was extracted from all specimens collected (N=8) and subjected to PCR assays based on the tick 16S rRNA endogenous gene and gltA gene for Rickettsia sp. All samples (8/8; 100%) were positive for the 16S rRNA endogenous gene and two amplicons (obtained from one male and one female) were purified and sequenced. The BLASTn analysis of the sequences revealed a high degree of similarity (95-100%) with A. nodosum sequences previously deposited on GenBank, while the phylogenetic analysis clustered the sequences obtained in the same clade as A. nodosum sequences from Brazil. Arachnida (Arachnida Ixodidae America 3 Brazil 188 larvae nymphs Myrmecophagidae (Myrmecophagidae report time A Rhinella icterica Glória Northeastern biome material N=8 N8 N 8 (N=8 S sp 8/8 88 (8/8 100% 100 female sequenced 95100% 95100 95 (95-100% GenBank 18 N= (N= 8/ (8/ 10 9510 9 (95-100 1 (N (8 951 (95-10 ( (95-1 (95- (95 (9

Resumen Introducción: El uso frecuente de plaguicidas es considerado actualmente una causa de contaminación ambiental debido a las altas tasas de ingreso de estas sustancias a los agroecosistemas. Esta situación es un riesgo para las especies que habitan en estos ecosistemas, en particular los anuros cuyas características los hacen propensos a la exposición e interacción con contaminantes ambientales. Objetivo: Informar la presencia de anormalidades en larvas del sapo común Rhinella arenarum que habitan en estanques rodeados por un agroecosistema. Métodos: En dos primaveras consecutivas (2015 y 2016), se monitorearon los eventos reproductivos del sapo común proveniente de sistemas de estanques temporales ubicados en zonas agrícolas y no agrícolas, cerca de la ciudad de La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Se midieron los parámetros fisicoquímicos de los estanques y se registraron las etapas de cada evento reproductivo como el número de sapos adultos, amplexos y nidadas. En el laboratorio, las larvas fueron medidas y fotografiadas, se registró su estado de desarrollo y se examinó la morfología de cada una bajo microscopio estereoscópico. Se procesaron muestras representativas (normales y anormales) de cada estanque estudiado para análisis histopatológico. Resultados: En la población de R. arenarum que vive dentro de un agroecosistema, se observó un menor número de adultos reproductores y puestas en relación con la del estanque en la zona no agrícola. Se recolectaron un total de 1 910 larvas: 529 y 1 381 larvas de estanques ubicados en zonas no agrícolas y agrícolas, respectivamente. Las larvas del agroecosistema mostraron dos tipos de anormalidades: severa flexión de la cola y distensión abdominal. Además, se pudo determinar cinco grados de gravedad en relación con la distensión abdominal. Conclusiones: Una alta frecuencia y severidad de anormalidades en los estadios tempranos de larvas de R. arenarum que viven dentro de un agroecosistema proporciona evidencia del impacto negativo que las actividades agrícolas causan en los ecosistemas acuáticos rodeados por áreas de cultivo.

Abstract Introduction: The frequent use of pesticides is currently considered a cause of environmental pollution due to the high rate of entry of these substances into agroecosystems. This constitutes a risk for the species that inhabit these ecosystems, in particular anurans whose characteristics make them prone to exposure to and interaction with environmental pollutants. Objective: To report the occurrence of abnormalities in larvae of the common toad Rhinella arenarum inhabiting ponds surrounded by agroecosystems. Methods: In two consecutive springs (2015 and 2016), reproductive events of common toads were monitored in temporary pond systems in agricultural and non-agricultural areas, located near the city of La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina). The physicochemical parameters of the ponds were measured, and the stage of each reproductive event was recorded, such as the numbers of adult toads, amplexus and clutches. In the laboratory, the larvae were measured and photographed, their stage of development was recorded, and their morphology was examined under a stereomicroscope. Representative samples (normal and abnormal) from each pond studied were processed for histopathological analysis. Results: In the field studies carried out on a population of R. arenarum collected in an agroecosystem, a lower number of reproductive adults and clutches were observed in relation to the population of a non-agricultural pond. A total of 1 910 larvae were collected: 529 and 1 381 larvae from ponds located in non-agricultural and agricultural areas, respectively. Larvae from the agroecosystem showed two types of abnormalities: severe tail flexure and abdominal bloating. In addition, five degrees of severity could be determined in relation to abdominal bloating. Conclusions: This work reports the high frequency and severity of abnormalities observed in the early stages of R. arenarum larvae living within an agroecosystem, providing evidence of the negative impact that agricultural activities cause on aquatic ecosystems surrounded by farming areas.

Abstract The sudden death of loved ones destabilizes the psyche of people. This research aimed to determine the correlation between grief and resilience in Chiclayo-Peru adults affected by the loss of loved ones during the COVID-19 pandemic. A non-experimental, correlational, and cross-sectional study was carried out, with the participation of 305 adults from the city of Chiclayo aged 18 to 82 years (49.2% men and 50.8% women). Data were collected using Texas Revised Bereavement Inventory and the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale. 44.9% were between 18 and 29, and 49.3% were single. A correlation was established with a weak to moderate intensity and inversely proportional between the dimensions of grief and resilience. Women presented a higher average of resilience than men (M=134.45).

Resumen La muerte repentina de seres queridos desestabiliza la psiquis de las personas. El objetivo fue determinar la correlación entre el duelo y la resiliencia en adultos de la ciudad de Chiclayo, Perú, afectados por la pérdida de seres queridos durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Se hizo un estudio no experimental, correlacional y corte transversal, participaron 305 personas adultas de la ciudad de Chiclayo con edades de 18 a 82 años (49,2% hombres y 50,8% mujeres). Los datos se recopilaron utilizando el Inventario Texas Revisado de Duelo y la Escala de Resiliencia de Wagnild y Young. El 44,9% de los encuestados tenía edades entre 18 y 29 años y el 49,3% eran solteros. las mujeres presentaron un promedio más alto de resiliencia que los varones (M=134,45). Se estableció una correlación con una intensidad de débil a moderada e inversamente proporcional entre las dimensiones del duelo y las de resiliencia.

Melon is a pollinator-dependent crop that relies mainly on bees to set fruits. However, man-selected varieties vary in their attractiveness to flower visitors, and some flower genders and melon types may be less visited than others, harming pollination. We investigated the nectar composition of male, female and hermaphrodite flowers of 270 individuals of five commercial melons Cucumis melo (Cantaloupe, Charentais, Galia, Piel de Sapo, and Yellow), and its role in flower visit by Apis mellifera foragers. We found that melon nectar is composed mainly of sugars and amino acids such as tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and flavonoids kaempferol-3-O-neohesperidoside, luteolin hexoside, and kaempferol rhamnoside. But the amount of these chemical compounds varies among the flower genders. We also developed an accurate regression model to predict the number of bee visits to melon flowers based on the nectar composition. Our results indicate that nectar composition plays little role in bee discrimination among flowers of different melon types but is essential to the honeybee choice between flower gender. The amounts of phenylalanine (49.40%) and tryptophan (12.05%) in the nectar are related to bee preference for hermaphrodite flowers. More visits to hermaphrodite flowers contribute to setting and developing well-formed fruits, increasing productivity. pollinatordependent pollinator dependent fruits However manselected man selected visitors others pollination male 27 Cantaloupe, Cantaloupe (Cantaloupe Charentais Galia Sapo Yellow, Yellow , Yellow) foragers tyrosine kaempferol3Oneohesperidoside, kaempferol3Oneohesperidoside kaempferolOneohesperidoside 3 O neohesperidoside, neohesperidoside kaempferol-3-O-neohesperidoside hexoside rhamnoside gender 49.40% 4940 49 40 (49.40% 12.05% 1205 12 05 (12.05% wellformed well formed productivity 2 Oneohesperidoside 49.40 494 4 (49.40 12.05 120 1 0 (12.05 49.4 (49.4 12.0 (12.0 49. (49. 12. (12. (49 (12 (4 (1 (

Resumen La alta carga de agroquímicos y antibióticos en los ambientes acuáticos y los agroe-cosistemas representa un riesgo para la vida silvestre. Dado que la microbiota intestinal juega un papel fundamental en el funcionamiento de su hospedador y es sensible a una amplia variedad de contaminantes, su estudio permite evaluar la salud de los organismos. En este trabajo estudiamos los efectos de formulaciones comerciales de un herbicida a base de glifosato (GBH) y del antibiótico ciprofloxacina (CIP), por separado y en mezcla, sobre la diversidad de bacterias intestinales de renacuajos del sapo común (Rhinella arenarum). El estudio de la diversidad de bacterias entéricas cultivables de rápido crecimiento y bajo requerimiento nutricional se llevó a cabo utilizando pruebas microbiológicas clásicas e identificación por espectrometría de masas de tiempo de vuelo por desorción/ionización láser asistida por matriz (MALDI-TOF). La microbiota entérica fue diferente según el tratamiento. El GBH indujo un aumento de la diversidad bacteriana, mientras que la CIP produjo una reducción. Entre estos cambios, destaca la presencia de Yersinia spp. y Proteus spp. solo en el tratamiento con GBH. Además, en el tratamiento GBH-CIP se encontró una disminución en la prevalencia de Klebsiella spp. y Pseudomonas spp. en la microbiota intestinal de los renacuajos. Este es el primer informe sobre la alteración del contenido bacteriano intestinal de renacuajos de R. arenarum producido por dos contaminantes emergentes de preocupación. Demostramos que el renacuajo del sapo común se puede utilizar como un organismo modelo no convencional para el monitoreo de la contaminación ambiental. Estos hallazgos constituyen el primer paso para comprender cómo la presencia de GBH y CIP en aguas dulces puede representar una amenaza para la vida silvestre y la salud humana a través de la disbiosis entérica asociada al efecto sobre la comunidad bacteriana.

Abstract The high load of agrochemicals and antibiotics present in agricultural aquatic environments represents a risk for wildlife. Since enteric bacteria, which play a key role in the physiological functioning of their hosts, are sensitive to a wide variety of pollutants, their study allows to evaluate the health of organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of commercial formulations of a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) and the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP), individually and in mixture, on the bacterial diversity of the intestinal content of common toad (Rhinella arenarum) tadpoles. The diversity of cultivable fast-growing bacteria with low nutritional requirements was evaluated using classic microbiological tests and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry identification. Bacterial diversity varied among treatments. Taxa diversity increased in the GBH-treated group but decreased in the CIP-treated group. Remarkably, Yersinia spp. and Proteus spp. were only found in the GBH-treated group. The prevalence of Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas spp. decreased in the intestinal microbiota of the GBH-CIP-treated group. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the alteration of cultivable enteric bacteria of autochthonous tadpoles due to two pollutants of emerging concern. Our results demonstrate that R. arenarum tadpoles can be used as non-conventional model organisms for environmental pollution monitoring. Our preliminary findings would contribute to understanding how the presence of GBH and CIP in freshwaters may represent a threat to wildlife and human health by causing enteric dysbiosis of part of the bacterial community.

Abstract Silicoaluminophosphates SAPO-5 and SAPO-11 were synthesized using the hydrothermal method, 170 ºC with triethylamine and dipropylamine as the structure directing agents, respectively. This work aimed the incorporation of boron into the structures obtained by modifying the composition of the system, using as a reaction equation: Al2O3:P2O5:x SiO2: yB2O3:1,5TEA (or DPA):50H2O, with x, y=0-0.2. The phase was identified by XRD and characterized by FTIR, TGA/DTG, TPD-NH3 and nitrogen adsorption at -196°C. The structure parameters confirmed the obtaining of pure structures, showing a slight contraction in the parameters of the unit cells, indicating the presence of boron in the crystal lattice. The Brønsted sites, were modified up to a maximum of boron (y = 0.1) and for higher content, the acidity was not significant. The modification of weak acidity related to the appearance of isolated BO3 groups, indicating that the silicon atoms were not sufficiently distributed for the formation of sites.

Abstract Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic led to adaptations in educational settings, such as replacing in-person with online classes. Hence, teachers increased their screen time, posing a greater risk to their mental health, quality of life, and body posture. Objective To assess and correlate the quality of life and body posture of higher education faculty during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This exploratory research initially contacted participants via digital invitations during the pandemic. Volunteers answered an online questionnaire with data on eligibility criteria and were later assessed regarding their quality of life (SF-36) and postural biomechanics (SAPO software). The variables in question were correlated regarding sex and age ranges with Spearman's correlation, setting the significance level at 5%. Results The sample had 21 professors of both sexes, aged 26 to 62 years (mean age of 38.47 years; SD = 8.53). The females’ mean age was 40.27 years (SD = 8.47) and that of males was 33.83 years (SD = 7.38). Males had a greater correlation between cervical spine issues and mental and physical domains, while females had body posture changes and a moderate correlation mainly with physical quality-of-life domains. Conclusion There was a correlation between body posture and quality of life in higher education faculty during the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 settings inperson person classes Hence time health SF36 SF 36 (SF-36 SAPO software. software . software) Spearmans Spearman s 5 5% 2 sexes 6 3847 38 47 38.4 8.53. 853 8.53 8 53 8.53) 4027 40 27 40.2 8.47 847 3383 33 83 33.8 7.38. 738 7.38 7 7.38) domains qualityoflife COVID1 1 COVID- SF3 3 (SF-3 384 4 38. 85 8.5 402 40. 8.4 84 338 33. 73 7.3 (SF- 8. 7. (SF

Resumo Introdução A pandemia de COVID-19 gerou adaptações nos ambientes pedagógicos, como alteração das aulas presenciais para online. Em consequência, estar em maior tempo frente às telas aumentou o risco à saúde mental, qualidade de vida e postura corporal dos professores. Objetivo Avaliar e correlacionar a qualidade de vida e a postura corporal de professores do ensino superior durante o período de pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos Pesquisa exploratória na qual foi realizado contato inicial por meio de convites digitais durante a pandemia. Os voluntários responderam a um questionário online com dados sobre critérios de elegibilidade e posteriormente foram avaliados quanto à qualidade de vida (SF-36) e biomecânica postural (software SAPO). Foram correlacionadas as variáveis em questão quanto ao sexo e faixa etária, através da correlação de Spearman, sendo considerado nível de significância de 5%. Resultados A amostra ficou constituída de 21 professores do ensino superior, de ambos os sexos e faixa etária entre 26 e 62 anos (média de idade de 38,47 anos e DP = 8,53). Entre as mulheres, a média de idade foi de 40,27 anos (DP = 8,47) e entre os homens foi de 33,83 anos (DP = 7,38). O sexo masculino apresentou maior correlação relacionada às questões de coluna cervical com domínios mentais e físicos, enquanto o feminino demonstrou alteração na postura corporal e correlação moderada principalmente com os domínios físicos da qualidade de vida. Conclusão Houve correlação entre postura corporal e qualidade de vida de professores do ensino superior durante a pandemia de COVID-19. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pedagógicos consequência mental COVID19. 19. SF36 SF 36 (SF-36 software SAPO. SAPO . SAPO) Spearman 5 5% 2 6 3847 38 47 38,4 8,53. 853 8,53 8 53 8,53) mulheres 4027 40 27 40,2 8,47 847 3383 33 83 33,8 7,38. 738 7,38 7 7,38) COVID1 1 COVID- SF3 3 (SF-3 384 4 38, 85 8,5 402 40, 8,4 84 338 33, 73 7,3 (SF- 8, 7, (SF

Abstract In vitro excystation of cysts of microscopically identified Chilomastix mesnili and Retortamonas sp. isolated from Japanese macaques and Retortamonas sp. isolated from small Indian mongooses could be induced using an established protocol for Giardia intestinalis and subsequently by culturing with H2S-rich Robinson’s medium supplemented with Desulfovibrio desulfuricans. Excystation usually began 2 h after incubation in Robinson’s medium. DNA was isolated from excysted flagellates after 4 h of incubation or from cultured excysted flagellates. Phylogenetic analysis based on their 18S rRNA genes revealed that two isolates of C. mesnili from Japanese macaques belonged to the same cluster as a C. mesnili isolate from humans, whereas a mammalian Retortamonas sp. isolate from a small Indian mongoose belonged to the same cluster as that of an amphibian Retortamonas spp. isolate from a ‘poison arrow frog’ [sequence identity to AF439347 (94.9%)]. These results suggest that the sequence homology of the 18S rRNA gene of the two C. mesnili isolates from Japanese macaques was similar to that of humans, in addition to the morphological similarity, and Retortamonas sp. infection of the amphibian type in the small Indian mongoose highlighted the possibility of the effect of host feeding habitats. sp H2Srich HSrich H2S rich H S Robinsons Robinson s desulfuricans C humans spp poison frog AF AF43934 94.9%. 949 94.9% . 94 9 (94.9%)] similarity habitats Srich HS AF4393 94.9 (94.9%) AF439 94. (94.9% AF43 (94.9 AF4 (94. (94 (9 (

Resumo Excistação in vitro de cistos de Chilomastix mesnili e Retortamonas sp. identificados microscopicamente, isolados de macacos japoneses e Retortamonas sp. isolados de um pequeno mangusto indiano podem ser induzidos usando um protocolo estabelecido para Giardia intestinalis e, subsequentemente por cultura com meio de Robinson rico em H2S suplementado com Desulfovibrio desulfuricans. A excistação geralmente começou 2 h após a incubação em meio de Robinson. O DNA foi isolado de flagelados excistados após 4 h de incubação ou de flagelados excistados cultivados. A análise filogenética baseada em seus genes 18S rRNA revelou que dois isolados de C. mesnili de macacos japoneses pertenciam ao mesmo grupo que um isolado de C. mesnili de um humano, enquanto um isolado de Retortamonas sp. de um mamífero, o pequeno mangusto indiano, pertencia ao mesmo agrupamento do isolado de Retortamonas spp. do anfíbio, ’sapo ponta-de-flecha’ [identidade sequencial para AF439347 (94,9%)]. Esses resultados sugeriram que a homologia sequencial do gene 18S rRNA dos dois isolados de C. mesnili de macacos japoneses era semelhante a de um humano, além da semelhança morfológica, e a infecção de Retortamonas sp. do tipo anfíbio ao pequeno mangusto indiano destacou a possibilidade de ser afetado pelo habitat alimentar de seu hospedeiro. sp microscopicamente HS H S desulfuricans cultivados C humano mamífero spp sapo pontadeflecha ponta flecha ponta-de-flecha identidade AF AF43934 94,9%. 949 94,9% . 94 9 (94,9%)] morfológica hospedeiro AF4393 94,9 (94,9%) AF439 94, (94,9% AF43 (94,9 AF4 (94, (94 (9 (

BACKGROUND: Postal services have been impacted by e-digitisation and e-commerce. The revenue derived by the South Africa Post Office (SAPO) from letter-post has declined contributing to its financial difficulties. This has led to a decline in the mail delivery service and performance. With its country-wide network, SAPO can offer an affordable and indispensable service OBJECTIVES: The objective is to evaluate the mail delivery performance of SAPO, using both an international and local perspective, with an emphasis on aspects such as logistics, supply chain management (SCM), last mile delivery, etc METHOD: Primary data, by the Universal Postal Union (UPU), on postal performance were used with locally collected primary tracking data of postal delivery from origin to destination of registered postal items. A quantitative data analysis and evaluation was performed using these data to get a sense of the postal development and mail delivery performance of SAPO RESULTS: The postal development performance of SAPO as measured by the UPU was compared with actual quantitative tracking data. There seems to be a significant disconnect between the results published by the UPU and what those in South Africa are experiencing CONCLUSION: This quantitative analysis shows that SAPO's postal service is no longer a reliable, predictable and professional service. It will necessitate an enormous effort to turn it around CONTRIBUTION: The article provides a view on the performance of the postal services of SAPO, both from an international and local perspective

RESUMO Introdução O ensino técnico especializado e os métodos de treinamento em natação para crianças são a base para melhorar o efeito do treinamento de natação e reduzir a ocorrência de lesões esportivas. Nos últimos anos, a tecnologia de treinamento físico em natação na China se desenvolveu rapidamente. O treinamento físico da natação para crianças pode melhorar a qualidade esportiva integral dos jovens. Objetivo Neste artigo, foram determinados os índices de 50m de borboleta e 50m de peito. Estes dados examinam quantitativamente o efeito do programa sobre o desempenho da natação. Métodos Um total de 18 crianças e adolescentes nadadores participaram da amostra analisada neste estudo. Neste trabalho, 18 participantes foram divididos em grupos experimentais e de controle. Estes grupos têm quatro estilos de natação: borboleta, nado de peito, nado de costas e estilo livre. Resultados Após dois meses de exercícios de coordenação, o desempenho do nado borboleta e do nado sapo foi parcialmente melhorado. Houve diferenças significativas nos dados (P<0,05). Conclusão O processo de treinamento de aptidão física pode melhorar a qualidade global dos atletas. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction The specialized technical teaching and swimming training methods for children are the basis for improving the effect of swimming training and reducing the occurrence of sports injuries. In recent years, swimming physical training technology in China has developed rapidly. Swimming physical training for children can improve the comprehensive sports quality of young people. Objective In this paper, the indexes of 50m butterfly and 50m breaststroke were determined. These data quantitatively examine the effect of the program on swimming performance. Methods 18 children and adolescent swimmers participated in the sample analyzed in this study. In this paper, 18 participants were divided into experimental and control groups. These groups have four swimming styles: butterfly, breaststroke, backstroke, and freestyle. Results After two months of coordination exercises, the performance of butterfly and frog swimming was partially improved. There were significant differences in the data (P<0.05). Conclusion The fitness training process can improve the overall quality of athletes. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción La enseñanza técnica especializada y los métodos de entrenamiento en natación para niños son la base para mejorar el efecto del entrenamiento de natación y reducir la aparición de lesiones deportivas. En los últimos años, la tecnología del entrenamiento físico de la natación en China se ha desarrollado rápidamente. El entrenamiento físico de natación para niños puede mejorar la calidad deportiva integral de los jóvenes. Objetivo En este trabajo se determinaron los índices de 50 metros mariposa y 50 metros braza. Estos datos examinan cuantitativamente el efecto del programa en el rendimiento de la natación. Métodos Un total de 18 niños y adolescentes nadadores participaron en la muestra analizada en este estudio. En este trabajo, 18 participantes fueron divididos en grupos experimentales y de control. Estos grupos tienen cuatro estilos de natación: mariposa, braza, espalda y estilo libre. Resultados Tras dos meses de ejercicios de coordinación, el rendimiento de la natación en mariposa y rana mejoró parcialmente. Hubo diferencias significativas en los datos (P<0,05). Conclusión El proceso de entrenamiento físico puede mejorar la calidad general de los deportistas. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Resumen Se recolectaron ejemplares de las especies de anfibios Leptodactylus melanonotus e Incilius marmoreus en varias localidades del estado de Colima, México, de julio a octubre de 2021. Durante estos muestreos, se descubrió una especie nueva de nemátodo del género Cosmocerca en el intestino de L. melanonotus; difiere del resto de las especies del género por la combinación de los siguientes caracteres: ausencia de alas laterales en machos, 5 plectanes, tamaño de las espículas y tamaño y forma del gubernáculo. Cosmocerca colimense n. sp. es la 39ava especie asignada a este género en el mundo y la segunda descrita en México. Se recolectaron 6 especies de helmintos en este estudio: Rauschiella poncedeleoni, Cosmocerca colimense n. sp., Oswaldocruzia subauricularis y Rhabdias sp. de L. melanonotus; Aplectana incerta y Oswaldocruzia pipiens de I. marmoreus.

Abstract Specimens of the amphibian species Leptodactylus melanonotus and Incilius marmoreus were collected in several localities in Colima State, Mexico, from July to October 2021. An undescribed species of nematode of the genus Cosmocerca was found in the intestine of L. melanonotus. The new species differs from every other species assigned to this genus by the combination of the following characters: absence of lateral alae in males, 5 plectanes, spicules size, and gubernaculum size and shape. This is the 39th species included in the genus worldwide and it is the second described in Mexico. Six helminth species were collected during this study: Rauschiella poncedeleoni, Cosmocerca colimense n. sp., Oswaldocruzia subauricularis, and Rhabdias sp. of L. melanonotus; Aplectana incerta and Oswaldocruzia pipiens of I. marmoreus.

Abstract Plinthite (Gr. Plinthos, brick) is a residual soil that occupies 60 million hectares on the planet. The Province of Misiones (Argentina) is the border zone of South America where this soil appears, locally called in its cemented state or petroplinthite as itácurú (stone toad in the Guarani language). Four centuries ago, it was used in the form of blocks cut from nearby deposits for the construction of the Jesuit reductions since 1601 in Loreto. Since then, there is a time jump until it is used in the construction of Coastal Route No. 2. In view of its potential and in the absence of systematic studies, this report aims to promote this mining resource for the restoration of reductions, constructions allegorical and road use. To this end, prospecting has been carried out in search of new deposits and others previously exploited that have been detected and evaluated; some used by the Jesuits. The location, size and approximate power of each of the explored deposits are presented, as well as the geotechnical values. The experimental results of the physical-mechanical properties and the effects on the properties of the different drying/wetting cycles carried out are presented and analyzed.

Resumen La plintita (Gr. Plinthos, ladrillo) es un suelo residual que ocupa 60 millones de has en el planeta. La Provincia de Misiones (Argentina) es la zona límite de América del Sur donde aparece este suelo, denominado localmente en su estado cementado o petroplintita como itácurú (piedra sapo en idioma guaraní). Cuatro siglos atrás fue utilizada en forma de bloques cortados de los yacimientos cercanospara la construcción de las reducciones jesuíticas desde 1601 en Loreto. Desde entonces existe un salto temporal hasta que se utiliza en la construcción de la Ruta Costera N° 2. En vista de su potencial y ante la falta de estudios sistemáticos el presente reporte tiene por objeto promover este recurso minero para la restauración de reducciones, construcciones alegóricas y uso vial. Para ello se ha realizado una prospección en busca de yacimientos nuevos y otrospreviamente explotados que han sido detectados y evaluados; algunos utilizados por los jesuitas. Se presentan la ubicación, tamaño y potencia aproximada de cada uno de los yacimientos explorados, así como los valores geotécnicos. Se presentan y analizan los resultados experimentales de las propiedades físico-mecánicas y los efectos en las propiedades de los diferentes ciclos de secado/humedecido realizados.