Abstract:This study aims to develop a final design for the Northwest Slope of the Cuajone Mine (Peru) by calculating the factor of safety (FS) using finite element methods, proposing that this method enables a more accurate assessment of slope stability. The methodology included geological and geotechnical characterization of the slope through field mapping, sample analysis, and laboratory testing. A three-dimensional model was created using Phase2 software to simulate the interaction between slope geometry and operational conditions, conducting a stability analysis under different loads and disturbances. The results indicate that the finite element method detailedly evaluated the safety factor and the inter-ramp angle (IRA). In the southern zone (section A-A'), it was determined that an IRA of 43° generates an FS of 1.1. In the northern zone (section B-B'), an IRA of 38° is recommended to achieve an FS of 1.57. These findings are essential for ensuring operational safety and efficiency at the mine, as an inadequate slope design could compromise infrastructure integrity and worker safety. Advanced methods, such as finite element analysis and considering factors like IRA and disturbance factors, allow for a precise slope stability assessment and effective stabilization measures to manage risks and develop specific reinforcement solutions according to the slope's geotechnical configuration.

Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio es desarrollar un diseño final para el Talud Noroeste de la Mina Cuajone (Perú) utilizando el cálculo del factor de seguridad (FS) mediante métodos de elementos finitos, planteando que este método permite una evaluación más precisa de la estabilidad del talud. La metodología incluyo la caracterización geológica y geotécnica del talud mediante mapeo de campo, análisis de muestras y pruebas de laboratorio. Se creo un modelo tridimensional usando el software Phase2 para simular la interacción entre la geometría del talud y las condiciones operativas, realizando un análisis de estabilidad bajo diferentes cargas y perturbaciones. Los resultados indican que el método de elementos finitos proporciono una evaluación detallada del factor de seguridad y del ángulo interrampa (IRA). En la zona sur (sección A-A'), se determina que un IRA de 43° genera un FS de 1.1. En la zona norte (sección B-B'), se recomienda un IRA de 38° para lograr un FS de 1.57. Los hallazgos son fundamentales para garantizar la seguridad y eficiencia operativa en la mina, ya que un diseño de talud inadecuado podría comprometer la integridad de la infraestructura y la seguridad de los trabajadores. La aplicación de métodos avanzados como el análisis de elementos finitos y la consideración de factores como el IRA y el factor de perturbación permite una evaluación precisa de la estabilidad del talud y la implementación de medidas de estabilización efectivas para gestionar los riesgos y desarrollar soluciones de refuerzo específicas según la configuración geotécnica del talud.

Abstract: In this investigation, a folding table was proposed to optimize space utilization in a workshop. Utilizing computer-aided design (CAD) software, we performed 3D modeling for each structural element and conducted a static table analysis under an established distributed load. Fixed supports were strategically placed at the contact area with the floor. Through computational simulation using the finite element method, a mesh consisting of 390 558 elements and 497 625 nodes was generated with an excellent mesh quality, characterized by a skewness of 0.2234. The analysis revealed a stress of 209.36 MPa, resulting in a safety factor of 1.84 when utilizing ASTM A36 structural steel as the material. To further validate the design, constraints, and displacements were configured, and a kinematic simulation was conducted to showcase the table's range of motion. This comprehensive study confirms the feasibility of the proposed folding table prototype.

Resumen: En esta investigación, se propuso el diseño de una mesa plegable para el aprovechamiento de espacio en un taller. Se utilizó un software CAD para el modelado 3D de cada elemento estructural y el desarrollo del análisis estático de la mesa sometida a una carga distribuida establecida, al colocar como apoyos fijos al área de contacto entre el suelo. Mediante la resolución del método de elementos finitos por simulación computacional, se generó un mallado con 390 558 elementos y 497 625 nodos, con una calidad de malla excelente al alcanzar un skewness de 0.2234, donde se obtuvo un esfuerzo de 209.36 MPa, consiguiendo un factor de seguridad de 1.84 al utilizar acero ASTM A36 como material. El estudio se complementó realizando la configuración de restricciones y desplazamientos para presentar una simulación cinemática del rango de movimiento de la mesa, de esta manera, se validó el diseño del prototipo de mesa plegable propuesto.

Abstract: This study has examined the design proposal for a support structure for a rainwater storage tank, utilizing CAD/CAE software with computational numerical analysis. These tools predict how elements will behave under specific conditions without physical construction. The necessity arises from the importance of developing the entire rainwater harvesting system to offer a sustainable water supply alternative. To this end, a storage capacity of 500 liters was determined based on locally available plastic tanks, considering the dimensions and weight the structure needs to support. 3D modeling utilized a 50 mm (2 in) square steel pipe discretized through meshing. Validation of this process achieved a skewness of 0.2401 with 414 651 elements and 601 334 nodes, defining the corresponding initial and boundary conditions. Von Mises stress measured 189.5 MPa, below the yield limit for structural steel, with structural element deformation not exceeding 0.83 mm. Design validation was accomplished through safety factor analysis, yielding a value of 1.746, closely aligning with recommended values for support structures.

Resumen: Esta investigación ha evaluado la viabilidad de un diseño para una estructura de soporte destinada a un tanque de almacenamiento de agua pluvial. Se utilizó software CAD/CAE para llevar a cabo un análisis numérico computacional debido a que estas herramientas permiten predecir comportamientos de elementos sometidos a condiciones específicas, sin necesidad de construcción. La necesidad de este diseño surge de la importancia de desarrollar un sistema integral para la captación de agua de lluvia, como una alternativa sostenible para el suministro de agua. Se estableció una capacidad de almacenamiento de 500 litros, considerando los tanques plásticos disponibles en el mercado local, para determinar las dimensiones y la carga que la estructura debe soportar. El modelado tridimensional se realizó utilizando una tubería cuadrada de acero estructural de 50 mm (2 plg), la cual fue discretizada mediante un mallado. Este proceso se validó alcanzando skewness de 0.2401, con un total de 414 651 elementos y 601 334 nodos, y se definieron las condiciones iniciales y de contorno correspondientes. El esfuerzo de Von Mises obtenido fue de 189.5 MPa, lo cual está por debajo del límite de fluencia para el acero estructural. Además, la deformación en los elementos estructurales no superó los 0.83 mm. El diseño se validó mediante un análisis del factor de seguridad, el cual fue de 1.746, aproximándose al valor recomendado para estructuras de soporte.

Abstract: The primary objective of this research study is to examine the use and acceptance by students of Chat GPT 3.5 as a pedagogical tool for teaching industrial ergonomics in an occupational health and safety course of an industrial engineering degree program. Chat GPT 3.5 is used to support research on solutions for managing biomechanical risk factors in the construction industry. Seventy-two students are surveyed in this study. The descriptive results show that the students involved in the process displayed great interest and developed practical skills using Chat GPT 3.5. The findings highlight the high adaptability and significant interest of students in using new generative technologies to strengthen theoretical concepts. In conclusion, as technology continues evolving, it is essential for educators to explore innovative approaches to teaching and learning in industrial engineering.

Resumen: El principal objetivo de esta investigación es examinar el uso y la aceptación por parte de los estudiantes de Chat GPT 3.5 en la enseñanza de la ergonomía industrial como herramienta pedagógica dentro de la asignatura de seguridad y salud en el trabajo en un programa de ingeniería industrial. Chat GPT 3.5 se utiliza como apoyo en la investigación de soluciones en el manejo del factor de riesgo biomecánico en la industria de la construcción. Se incluyen 72 estudiantes dentro de este estudio. Los resultados descriptivos muestran que los estudiantes involucrados en el proceso presentan gran interés y desarrollan habilidades prácticas utilizando Chat GPT 3.5. Se resalta la gran adaptabilidad y el gran interés de los estudiantes en la utilización de nuevas tecnologías generativas para fortalecer los conceptos teóricos. Se concluye que a medida que la tecnología continúa evolucionando, es esencial que los educadores exploren enfoques innovadores para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje.

RESUMO Introdução: O ruído é um dos riscos físicos ocupacionais mais comuns, principalmente em indústrias, aumentando o risco de perda auditiva e também de efeitos extra-auditivos dos trabalhadores. A eliminação/redução do ruído é uma obrigação legal para empregadores, quanto mais seguro e saudável for o ambiente de trabalho, menores são as probabilidades de acidentes de trabalho e de absentismo. As medidas de controlo do ruído podem ser coletivas (construtivas/de engenharia e/ou organizacionais) e/ou individuais. Estas últimas consistem em protetores auditivos que devem ser selecionados de acordo com a atenuação que proporcionam e consoante os valores (decibéis) a que cada trabalhador se encontra submetido. Objetivo: Identificar os fatores influenciadores do uso dos protetores auditivos em trabalhadores da indústria. Metodologia: Revisão da literatura através de pesquisa nas bases de dados Cinahl Complete, Medline Complete, Academic Search Complete, Medic Latina, Web of Science, Scopus e SciELO. A estratégia de pesquisa foi definida com base na mneumónica PCC e baseou-se na questão de investigação: “Quais os fatores influenciadores do uso dos protetores auditivos em trabalhadores da indústria?”. Foram utilizados descritores tendo em conta as bases de dados, com a junção de operadores booleanos AND e OR. Foram considerados como elegíveis estudos publicados até Fevereiro de 2024, disponíveis em texto integral, em português, inglês, espanhol e/ou castelhano. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão foram selecionados seis artigos para análise. O tema foi também pesquisado na Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional. Resultados/Discussão: A análise mais detalhada dos artigos selecionados permitiu a identificação de cinco grupos de fatores de influência do uso dos protetores auditivos: sociodemográficos, situacionais/influência no local de trabalho, interpessoais, comportamentais de promoção da saúde e cognitivo-percetivos. O fator cognitivo-percetivo foi o mais emergente. Conclusão: A prevenção total da exposição ao ruído não é possível, sendo por isso fulcral aliar todas as medidas de controlo do ruído ocupacional. Neste sentido, importa que o serviço de saúde ocupacional esteja interligado com o de higiene e segurança, unindo esforços para a consciencialização dos trabalhadores e prevenção atempada de lesões auditivas. Os estudos analisados remetem apenas para a indústria internacional, sendo pertinente um maior investimento futuro em estudos primários nesta área em Portugal.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Noise is one of the most common occupational physical hazards, especially in industries, increasing the risk of hearing loss and also of extra-auditory effects in workers. The elimination/reduction of noise is a legal obligation for employers; the safer and healthier the working environment, the lower the chances of accidents at work and absenteeism. Noise control measures can be collective (constructive/engineering and/or organisational) and/or individual. The latter consist of hearing protectors that should be selected according to the attenuation they provide and the values (decibels) to which each worker is subjected. Objective: To identify the factors influencing the use of hearing protectors in industrial workers. Methodology: Literature review by searching the Cinahl Complete, Medline Complete, Academic Search Complete, Medic Latina, Web of Science, Scopus and SciELO databases. The search strategy was defined using the PCC mnemonic and was based on the research question: ‘What are the factors influencing the use of hearing protectors in industrial workers?’ Descriptors were used, taking into account the databases, using the Boolean operators AND and OR. Eligible studies were those published up to February 2024, available in full text, in Portuguese, English, Spanish and/or Spanish. After applying the inclusion criteria, six articles were selected for analysis. The topic was also researched in Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional. Results/Discussion: A more detailed analysis of the selected articles identified five groups of factors influencing the use of hearing protectors: sociodemographic, situational/influence in the workplace, interpersonal, health-promoting behavioural and cognitive-perceptual. The cognitive-perceptual factor was the most prominent. Conclusion: Total prevention of noise exposure is not possible, which is why it is crucial to combine all occupational noise control measures. In this sense, it is important for the occupational health service to be interlinked with the health and safety service, joining forces to raise workers' awareness and prevent hearing damage in good time. The studies analysed only refer to the international industry, and further investment in primary studies in this area in Portugal is pertinent.

Abstract The study aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) that increase the risk of QT prolongation, in a population of cardiovascular disease patients. An observational retrospective study was conducted at a cardiology ward. A total of 351 patients were included in the analysis, with almost equal gender distribution (female 48.4%) and mean age 70±10 years. In the total set of tested drug pairs (5620), QT-prolonging pDDIs were identified in 13 drug pairs on admission. The highest frequency was observed for ciprofloxacin (involved in 5 pDDIs), followed by propafenone (4 pDDIs) and beta2-agonists (4 pDDIs). The pharmacodynamic mechanism was involved in all pDDIs. The study revealed a low prevalence of QT-prolonging pDDIs on admission to the cardiology ward, about 3% in the studied population. However, given that underlying heart disease is a significant risk factor for the occurrence of QTc prolongation, the additional risk for acquired QT prolongation should not be neglected. Due to serious consequences caused by QT prolongation and TdP, the key role of health professionals is to identify predisposed patients and to recognize pDDIs involving QT-prolonging agents. Hence, patients’ modifiable risk factors for QT prolongation should be minimized, if not eliminated.

BACKGROUND: The loss of healthcare professionals because of migration remains a challenge for low- and middle-income countries. South African Emergency Care Practitioners (ECPs) are no exception with many choosing to leave South Africa (SA) to work in the Middle East (ME). AIM: To investigate and describe the push and pull factors that are influencing ECPs to leave SA and work in the ME. SETTING: The study took place in the ME in an online setting. METHODS: A prospective mixed-method sequential design was adopted that made use of a purposively designed, pre-piloted, online questionnaire followed by a number of one-on-one interviews with a purposefully selected sample of participants to explore push and pull factors that influenced their decision to leave SA to work in the ME. RESULTS: The increased cost of living, low salaries, poor and unsafe working environments, and being undervalued by management in SA were the main push factors that emerged. Better pay, improved safety and security and a better quality of life in the ME were identified as core pull factors that are drawing South African ECPs to the ME. CONCLUSION: To stem the ongoing exodus of ECPs, significant work has to be done to improve local salaries, working conditions and the overall job satisfaction experienced by operational ECPs in SA. CONTRIBUTION: Understanding why ECPs are leaving the country, and in particular why they choose the ME as their employment destination can assist Emergency Medical Services (EMS) managers to implement measures that aid in the retention of these highly skilled healthcare professionals.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Myopia, or nearsightedness, is one of the most common eye conditions worldwide. However, a comparison of the effectiveness of different laser-assisted interventions is lacking. Thus, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of LASIK and IntraLASIK in addressing myopia. Methods: The study was conducted in two ophthalmology clinics in Beijing, China, in 2022. A total of 84 patients (152 eyes) with different degrees of myopia were examined and underwent LASIK (n=46, 80 eyes) or IntraLASIK (n=38, 72 eyes). Keratometry, corneal topography, pachymetry, visual acuity evaluation, and corneal biomechanical analysis were performed before and after the intervention. Results: IntraLASIK produced more precise flaps than LASIK, with deviations of <8 mm and 0.1 mm from the intended thickness and diameter, respectively. LASIK resulted in nonuniform flaps, with thickness deviations of 5-86 mm. IntraLASIK demonstrated a superior efficacy for patients with severe myopia and thin corneas, with a mean spherical equivalent of 0.9 D at 6 months compared to the 1.4 D for LASIK. Approximately 91% and 83% of the patients with mild to moderate and severe myopia, respectively, achieved results within ± 0.49 D from the refractive target with IntraLASIK. Conclusions: Corneal hysteresis and corneal resistance factor decreased with an increase in laser intensity, and they decreased faster with thinner corneas. Thus, IntraLASIK is more useful than LASIK in patients with thin corneas and severe myopia.

Resumo Enquadramento: A segurança na prestação de cuidados de saúde é um fator que assume grande importância. Sendo que a maioria dos incidentes ou eventos adversos associados à prestação de cuidados podem ser evitados e quando ocorrem devem ser notificados. Objetivo: Avaliar a opinião dos enfermeiros relativamente ao processo de notificação de eventos adversos existente na instituição; conhecer na opinião dos enfermeiros as barreiras à notificação e estratégias a adotar para promover a mesma. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo simples realizado com a participação de 62 Enfermeiros do Bloco Operatório Central de um Centro Hospitalar da zona centro de Portugal, que preencheram um questionário em fevereiro de 2022. Resultados: As principais barreiras identificadas foram: a falta de cultura de reporte, sobrecarga de trabalho, ausência de feedback, esquecimento, conhecimento insuficiente sobre o sistema informático e o que reportar. As estratégias identificadas pelos profissionais como promotoras do processo de notificação foram a formação, o feedback e os debriefings. Conclusão: As instituições devem criar condições favoráveis a prática de notificação.

Resumen Marco contextual: La seguridad en la prestación de cuidados sanitarios es un factor de gran importancia. La mayoría de los incidentes o acontecimientos adversos asociados a la prestación de cuidados pueden evitarse y, cuando ocurren, deben notificarse. Objetivo: Evaluar la opinión del personal de enfermería sobre el proceso de notificación de acontecimientos adversos en la institución; conocer, en opinión del personal de enfermería, los obstáculos para la notificación y las estrategias que deben adoptarse para promoverla. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo simple realizado con la participación de 62 enfermeros del Quirófano Central de un Centro Hospitalario del centro de Portugal, que cumplimentaron un cuestionario en febrero de 2022. Resultados: Los principales obstáculos identificados fueron: falta de cultura de notificación, sobrecarga de trabajo, falta de feedback, olvido, falta de conocimientos sobre el sistema informático y sobre qué notificar. Las estrategias identificadas por los profesionales como facilitadoras del proceso de notificación fueron la formación, el feedback y los debriefings. Conclusión: Las instituciones deben crear condiciones favorables para la práctica de la notificación.

Abstract Background: Safety is a crucial aspect of healthcare provision. Incidents or adverse events in healthcare can often be prevented and must be reported when they occur. Objective: To assess nurses’ opinions about the process of reporting adverse events in their institution, the barriers to the process, and the strategies to promote it. Methodology: A simple descriptive study was conducted with 62 nurses working at the operating room of a central hospital in the center of Portugal. A questionnaire was administered in February 2022. Results: The main barriers identified were the lack of a reporting culture, work overload, lack of feedback, forgetfulness, and insufficient knowledge about the system and what to report. The strategies identified to promote the reporting process were training, feedback, and debriefings. Conclusion: Institutions should create favorable environments for professionals to report incidents.

Abstract Trastuzumab Deruxtecan is indicated for the treatment of Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor-type 2 HER2-positive or HER2-low breast cancer, showing favorable efficacy and safety profiles. However, it can lead to some severe adverse events, such as interstitial lung disease. We performed four regional experience sharing sessions and one final national discussion session, with the participation of several nurses from different Portuguese hospitals and two “Associação de Enfermagem Oncológica Portuguesa” representatives. The purpose of this document is to develop broad national recommendations for nurse practice, to standardize the administration and management of adverse events related to Trastuzumab Deruxtecan. It is essential to raise awareness among patients to report any signs and symptoms during treatment with Trastuzumab Deruxtecan. Immediate action with the recommendations herein may avoid complications that lead to drug discontinuation and/or serious outcomes.

Resumo O trastuzumab deruxtecano é indicado no tratamento da pessoa com cancro da mama, com recetor do fator de crescimento epidérmico humano tipo 2 positivo ou de baixa-expressão, apresentando dados de eficácia e segurança favoráveis. Contudo, está associado a alguns eventos adversos graves, tal como a doença pulmonar intersticial. Foram realizadas três sessões regionais de partilha de experiências e uma sessão final nacional de discussão, com a participação de vários enfermeiros de diferentes hospitais portugueses e dois representantes da Associação de Enfermagem Oncológica Portuguesa. O objetivo deste documento é apresentar recomendações abrangentes de âmbito nacional para profissionais de enfermagem, de modo a uniformizar e protocolar a administração e a gestão dos eventos adversos associados ao tratamento com trastuzumab deruxtecano. É essencial sensibilizar os doentes para que reportem quaisquer sinais e sintomas durante o tratamento com trastuzumab deruxtecano. A atuação imediata com as recomendações aqui presentes pretende evitar complicações que levem à descontinuação do fármaco e/ou desfechos graves.

RESUMEN: La articulación temporomandibular (ATM) es una estructura compleja que depende de huesos, músculos, ligamentos y un disco articular para su adecuado funcionamiento. El desarrollo de los trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) se puede atribuir a cambios en la anatomía de la ATM. Varios factores, entre ellos la edad, el sexo, la preferencia del lado de masticación, el estado de la dentición, la relación cefalométrica y el tratamiento de ortodoncia o la cirugía ortognática, contribuyen a los cambios estructurales y posicionales de los componentes de la ATM. Este artículo de revisión resume la asociación entre los TTM y los cambios en la morfología y la posición del cóndilo mandibular, la eminencia articular y la fosa glenoidea debido a varios factores. Se realizó una búsqueda electrónica exhaustiva en las bases de datos PubMed y Scopus con los filtros de búsqueda apropiados. Después del proceso de deduplicación y la selección de títulos, resúmenes y textos completos, sesenta estudios se sometieron a un proceso de lectura de texto completo exhaustivo y se incluyeron en esta revisión. Los pacientes con síntomas de TTM tienden a tener formas condilares aplanadas y anguladas y con frecuencia presentan una cabeza condilar posicionada posteriormente. La inclinación más pronunciada de la eminencia articular parece ser una característica notable de ciertos TTM. Sin embargo, dada la naturaleza multifactorial de los TTM, determinar un solo factor como causa primaria puede ser un desafío. Por lo tanto, reconocer todos los factores de riesgo potenciales más allá de los factores relacionados con la anatomía es fundamental para el diagnóstico preciso y el manejo exitoso de los TTM.

SUMMARY: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex structure relying on bones, muscles, ligaments, and an articular disc for smooth functioning. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) development can be attributed to changes in TMJ anatomy. Several factors, including age, gender, chewing side preference, dentition status, cephalometric relationship, and orthodontic treatment or orthognathic surgery, contributed to the structural and positional changes of the TMJ components. This review article summarizes the association between TMDs and the changes in morphology and position of the mandibular condyle, articular eminence, and glenoid fossa from various factors. Extensive electronic search was performed in PubMed and Scopus databases with appropriate search filters. After the deduplication process and screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts, sixty studies underwent a thorough full-text reading process and were included in this review. Patients with TMDs symptoms tend to have flattened and angled condylar shapes and frequently exhibit a posteriorly positioned condylar head. The steeper inclination of the articular eminence appears to be a notable characteristic of certain TMDs. However, given the multifactorial nature of TMDs, determining a single factor as a primary cause can be challenging. Therefore, recognizing all potential risk factors beyond anatomy-related factors is crucial for accurate diagnosis and successful management of TMDs.

Abstract Introduction: Ionizing radiation is applied in various fields, and dosimetric control guarantees the quality and safety of products during the irradiation process. There is a need for dosimetric calibration procedures in industrial irradiation plants, specifically for self-shielded irradiation systems. Objective: To implement high dose dosimetry in the routine control of irradiated materials within a self- shielded irradiator. Methods: We worked with 32 dosimeters; we divided the dose range used into 8 points and used four RED Perspex dosimeters per point. We measured the specific absorbance for each dosimeter; plotted these values against dose and produced a third- degree polynomial fit as a calibration curve. Results: We obtained the calibration curve with an r2 of 0,9997. The uncertainties due to the dispersion of the dosimeters and the calibration curve were 1,39% and 0,22%, respectively, for a total uncertainty of 4,80%. This uncertainty includes dose determination with a factor coverage (k) equal to 2 for a 95% confidence interval. Conclusion: Perspex RED dosimeters can be used for routine control of irradiated products in a self-shielded irradiator system.

Resumen Introducción: La radiación ionizante se aplica en diversos campos, y el control dosimétrico garantiza la calidad y seguridad de los productos durante el proceso de irradiación. Existe una necesidad de procedimientos de calibración dosimétrica en plantas de irradiación industrial, específicamente para sistemas de irradiación auto blindados. Objetivo: Implementar la dosimetría de altas dosis en el control rutinario de materiales irradiados dentro de un irradiador auto blindado. Métodos: Trabajamos con 32 dosímetros; dividimos el rango de dosis en 8 puntos y utilizamos cuatro dosímetros RED Perspex por punto. Medimos la absorbancia específica de cada dosímetro; trazamos estos valores contra la dosis y produjimos un ajuste polinómico de tercer grado como curva de calibración. Resultados: Obtuvimos la curva de calibración con un r2 de 0,9997. Las incertidumbres debidas a la dispersión de los dosímetros y a la curva de calibración fueron del 1,39% y 0,22%, respectivamente, para una incertidumbre total de 4,80%. Esta incertidumbre incluye la determinación de la dosis, con un factor de cobertura (k) igual a 2 para un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Conclusión: Los dosímetros de Perspex RED sirven para el control rutinario de productos irradiados en un sistema de irradiador auto blindado.

Resumo Introdução: Uma comunicação respeitosa inclui interação social, verbal e não verbal, compreendendo o entendimento mútuo e respeitando valores, crenças e preferências culturais, a fim de promover equidade no cuidado em saúde. Falhas resultantes do processo de comunicação são consideradas um dos principais fatores que contribuem para a ocorrência de eventos adversos e, consequentemente, da diminuição na qualidade dos cuidados. Objetivo: Compreender como ocorre o processo de comunicação interprofissional para a segurança do paciente na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Método: Pesquisa Convergente Assistencial realizada de julho a agosto de 2019, com 17 profissionais da equipe de saúde da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de um Hospital Universitário no Sul do Brasil. Resultados: Para apresentação das informações coletadas elaborou-se duas categorias: Comunicação verbal e não verbal; Fatores facilitadores e fatores dificultadores na comunicação. A partir da convergência teoria-prática foi possível elaborar um protocolo de Procedimento Operacional Padrão de Comunicação Efetiva para implementação na prática. Conclusão: A comunicação verbal por meio da passagem de plantão foi percebida como principal ferramenta, contribuindo na assistência e na segurança do paciente, sendo o vínculo entre os profissionais um importante fator para melhorá-la. Esse vínculo, associado à formação continuada, favorece uma comunicação efetiva.

Resumen Introducción: La comunicación respetuosa incluye la interacción social, verbal y no verbal, así como el entendimiento mutuo y el respeto de valores, creencias y preferencias culturales, para promover la equidad en la atención de la salud. Las fallas resultantes del proceso de comunicación son consideradas uno de los principales factores que contribuyen para la ocurrencia de eventos adversos y, consecuentemente, para la disminución de la calidad de la atención. Objetivo: Comprender cómo se desarrolla el proceso de comunicación interprofesional para la seguridad del paciente en la unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales. Método: Investigación de cuidados convergentes realizada de julio a agosto de 2019, con 17 profesionales del equipo de salud de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales de un hospital universitario del sur de Brasil. Resultados: Para presentar la información recolectada, se elaboraron dos categorías: comunicación verbal y no verbal, y factores facilitadores y factores obstaculizadores en la comunicación. A partir de la convergencia teórico-práctica, fue posible elaborar un Protocolo de Procedimiento Operativo Estándar para la Comunicación Efectiva para su implementación práctica. Conclusión: La comunicación verbal, a través del cambio de turno, se percibió como la principal herramienta, la cual contribuyó a la atención y seguridad del paciente, donde el vínculo entre profesionales fue un factor importante para mejorarla. Este vínculo, asociado a la educación continua, favorece la comunicación efectiva.

Abstract Introduction: Respectful communication includes social, verbal, and non-verbal interaction, including mutual understanding and respecting values, beliefs, and cultural preferences to promote equity in health care. Failures in the communication process are considered one of the main factors behind the occurrence of adverse events and, consequently, a decrease in the quality of care. Objective: To understand how the interprofessional communication process is developed to ensure patient safety in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Method: Convergent care research carried out from July to August 2019 with 17 professionals from the health team of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital in southern Brazil. Results: Two categories were elaborated to present the information collected: Verbal and non-verbal communication; Facilitating and hindering factors in communication. From the theoretical-practical convergence, it was possible to develop a Standard Operating Procedure Protocol for Effective Communication for its practical implementation. Conclusion: Verbal communication during the shift change was perceived as the main tool, contributing to patient care and safety, being the connection between professionals an important factor to improve it. This connection, together with ongoing training, favors effective communication.

Abstract Modern fighter aircraft are equipped with multiple stations on the fuselage and under the wings to accommodate various external stores, both jettisonable and non-jettisonable. Each configuration undergoes airworthiness certification, including structural analysis of individual stations within the carriage flight envelope. This study focuses on the structural analysis of a fighter aircraft wing station within this specified envelope. To perform this analysis, the wing station is extracted from the comprehensive global wing model, creating a sub-model with equivalent stiffness properties. Utilizing ANSYS Workbench®, Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is conducted for critical load cases to determine the Factor of Safety (FoS). The initial analysis reveals that the wing station has an FoS of 1.2 under the maximum design load. Prestressed modal and buckling analyses indicate a 10% increase in stiffness due to stress-stiffening effects. To further enhance load-carrying capacity, parametric design changes are introduced. Increasing the bolt diameter from 8 mm to 10 mm raises the FoS to 1.33, resulting in an 8% increase in the maximum load-carrying capacity of the wing station. This comprehensive approach, employing FEA, ensures the wing’s structural integrity under static load conditions within the carriage envelope. The study’s findings support the wing station’s enhanced performance and contribute to safer and more efficient aircraft operations.

Resumen Los aviones de combate modernos están equipados con múltiples estaciones en el fuselaje y debajo de las alas para acomodar varios almacenes externos, tanto descartables como no descartables. Cada configuración se somete a una certificación de aeronavegabilidad, incluido un análisis estructural de las estaciones individuales dentro de la envolvente de vuelo del transporte. Este estudio se centra en el análisis estructural de una estación de ala de un avión de combate dentro de esta envolvente especificada.Para realizar este análisis, la estación del ala se extrae del modelo global integral del ala, creando un submodelo con propiedades de rigidez equivalentes. Utilizando ANSYS Workbench®, se realiza un análisis de elementos finitos (FEA) para casos de carga críticos para determinar el factor de seguridad (FoS). El análisis inicial revela que la estación del ala tiene un FoS de 1,2 bajo la carga máxima de diseño. Los análisis modales y de pandeo pretensados indican un aumento del 10 % en la rigidez debido a los efectos de rigidez por tensión. Para mejorar aún más la capacidad de carga, se introducen cambios de diseño paramétrico. El cambio del diámetro del perno de 8 mm a 10 mm incrementa el FoS a 1,33, lo que da como resultado un aumento del 8 % en la capacidad máxima de carga de la estación del ala. Este enfoque integral, que emplea FEA, garantiza la integridad estructural del ala bajo condiciones de carga estática dentro de la envolvente del carro. Los hallazgos del estudio respaldan el rendimiento mejorado de la estación del ala y contribuyen a operaciones de aeronaves más seguras y eficientes.

Abstract: Rapid drawdown has been identified as one of the most frequent causes of slope failures due to the effects associated with drought and operational changes when incorporating hydroelectric plants, which influence the filling level of earth dams. The main goal of this research is to obtain predictive models based on Artificial Neural Networks that return the factor of safety of the upstream slope in homogeneous earth dams in the face of the effect of rapid drawdown. Three geometries and 40 soils were defined to form the embankment, from which hybrid numerical models of transient water flow with unsaturated soils were built, considering three discharge speeds. From these results, a database was built to develop the predictive models, by means of the KNIME program and an algorithm based on Artificial Neural Networks. The behavior of the factor of safety as a function of time is also analyzed to establish its recovery intervals. Main results show that the minimum factor of safety is obtained between 52 % and 88 % of the total drawdown time. Regarding the predictive models, the adjusted R2 determination coefficients were greater than 95 % in all cases and the errors remained below 10 %. This demonstrates a high effectiveness of this algorithm and the validity of its application to geotechnical problems.

Resumen: El desembalse rápido se ha identificado como una de las causas más frecuentes de las fallas en taludes debido a los efectos asociados a la sequía y a los cambios de operación al incorporar hidroeléctricas, los cuales influyen en el nivel de llenado de las presas de tierra. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo fundamental la obtención de modelos predictivos basados en Redes Neuronales Artificiales que devuelvan el factor de seguridad del talud aguas arriba en presas de tierra homogéneas ante el efecto del desembalse rápido. Se definieron tres geometrías y 40 suelos para conformar el terraplén, a partir de los cuales se construyeron modelos numéricos híbridos de flujo de agua transitorio con suelos no saturados, considerando tres velocidades de desembalse. A partir de estos resultados, se construyó una base de datos para desarrollar los modelos predictivos, a través del programa KNIME y un algoritmo basado en Redes Neuronales Artificiales. Se analiza, además, el comportamiento del factor de seguridad en función del tiempo para establecer sus intervalos de recuperación. Los principales resultados muestran que el factor de seguridad mínimo se obtiene entre el 52 % y el 88 % del tiempo total de desembalse. En cuanto a los modelos predictivos, los coeficientes de determinación R2 ajustados fueron superiores al 95 % en todos los casos y los errores se mantuvieron por debajo de 10 %. Se demuestra una alta efectividad en este tipo de herramienta y la validez de su aplicación a problemas geotécnicos.