RESUMO Este estudo foca no desempenho de vacas para produção de carne, criadas nos pântanos do Paraguai, examinando cinco genótipos bovinos; Brahman, Brangus, Nelore, bem como duas raças locais em risco de extinção. O principal objetivo é identificar e classificar variáveis fenotípicas que incluem variáveis sanguíneas, clínicas, de pelagem e saúde, demonstrando ligação causal com o peso vivo das vacas analisadas. Inicialmente, foram identificadas correlações elevadas entre diferentes variáveis incluídas neste estudo, e, então, utilizando técnicas avançadas de aprendizado de máquina e a aplicação de explicações aditivas de Shapley (SHAP), foi proporcionado um entendimento mais profundo dos fatores fortemente associados à adaptabilidade nestes ambientes, e, portanto, o respectivo desempenho zootécnico. A associação entre o componente genotípico bovino ligado à estação do ano mostrou ser o fator influente mais predominante sobre o peso vivo bovino. Variáveis como comprimento do pelo, hematócrito, fosfatase, fósforo, creatina phosphokinase, creatinina, proteína, cortisol, cálcio e a presença de endoparasitas foram destacadas, demonstrando sua importância hierárquica para a seleção animal. Os modelos de ML são ferramentas eficazes para estabelecer hierarquias de relevância em multivariáveis fenotípicas complexas, o que é crucial em programas de melhoramento genético em diferentes espécies zootécnicas, bem como em ambientes especiais e específicos, como os pântanos. carne Paraguai bovinos Brahman Brangus Nelore extinção sanguíneas clínicas saúde analisadas Inicialmente então SHAP, SHAP , (SHAP) portanto zootécnico pelo hematócrito fosfatase fósforo phosphokinase creatinina proteína cortisol destacadas animal complexas zootécnicas específicos (SHAP

ABSTRACT This study focuses on the performance of cows for meat production raised in the wetlands of Paraguay, examining five cattle genotypes: Brahman, Brangus, and Nelore, as well as two local breeds at risk of extinction. The main objective is to identify and rank phenotypic variables, including blood, clinical, hair, and health variables, demonstrating causal linkage with the live weight of the cows analyzed. Initially, high correlations were identified between different variables included in this study; then, using advanced Machine learning (ML) techniques and the application of Shapley additive explanations (SHAP), a deeper understanding was provided of the factors strongly associated with adaptability in these environments, and, therefore, the respective zootechnical performance. The association between cattle genotypic components linked with the season of the year proved to be the most influential factor on cattle live weight. Variables such as hair length, hematocrit, phosphatase, phosphorus, creatine phosphokinase, creatinine, protein, cortisol, calcium, and the presence of endoparasites were highlighted, demonstrating their hierarchical importance for animal selection. ML models are effective tools for establishing hierarchies of relevance in complex phenotypic multivariable, which is crucial in breeding programs for different zootechnical species and in special and specific environments like wetlands. Paraguay genotypes Brahman Brangus Nelore extinction blood clinical analyzed Initially then (ML SHAP, SHAP , (SHAP) therefore length hematocrit phosphatase phosphorus phosphokinase creatinine protein cortisol calcium highlighted selection multivariable (SHAP

Summary: Avocado is a fruit (Persea americana), that has increased its consumption worldwide. Mexico is the main producer and exporter of avocado in the world, representing more than 30% of the world harvest, of which 73.2% of the total avocado production in Mexico was concentrated in the state of Michoacán. In the state of Michoacán, there is a constant production of avocado fruit throughout the year, but this production is affected by the variation in climate, water management and flowering type, putting agricultural production and sustainable development at risk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the climatic effect, water management, and flowering type on fruit nutrient content in six orchards in the state of Michoacan. Six orchards were evaluated in the towns of Basilia, Cheranguerán, Tecario, Araparicuaro, Peribán and Patamburu in the state of Michoacan, which represent 90% of the climate types (TC), predominant in the state (ACW1, ACW2 and CW1)., with 100% of the water regime (irrigated and seasonal, RH) and 97% of the type of fruit produced (loca and normal, FF). The dry matter contents and total mineral content of the fruit were evaluated. The arrangement of treatments was a factorial [A= water regime (RH); B= type of climate (TC); C= floral flow (FF)], distributed completely randomly with 20 repetitions taking each tree as a repetition. The results indicated that the dry matter content is affected by TC, but not by RH and FF, FF affects the nutritional content more than TC and RH. The type of climate is the factor with the least impact on the mineral content of the fruit. In floral flow, the total nutritional content was significant in four elements with higher values for N, Cl, and Zn in crazy fruit and Na in normal fruit.

Resumen: El aguacate (Persea americana), es un fruto que ha incrementado su consumo a nivel mundial. México es el principal productor y exportador de aguacate en el mundo que representa más del 30% de la cosecha mundial, del cual el 73.2% de la producción total de aguacate en México se concentra en el estado de Michoacán, pero dicha producción es afectada por la variación del clima, poniendo en peligro la producción agrícola y el desarrollo sostenible. El objetivo del fue evaluar el efecto climático, manejo de agua y el tipo de floración sobre el contenido nutrimental del fruto en seis huertas del estado de Michoacán. Se evaluaron seis huertos de las localidades de la Basilia, Cheranguerán, Tecario, Araparicuaro, Peribán y Patamburu del estado de Michoacan, que representan un 90% de los tipos de clima (TC), predominantes en el estado (ACW1, ACW2 y CW2), con un 100% del régimen de agua (riego y temporal, RH) y un 97% del tipo de fruto producido (loca y normal, FF). Se evaluaron los contenidos de materia seca y el contenido mineral total del fruto. El arreglo de tratamientos fue una factorial [A= régimen hídrico (RH); B= tipo de clima (TC); C= flujo floral (FF)], distribuido completamente al azar con 20 repeticiones tomando cada árbol como una repetición. Los resultados indicaron que el contenido de materia seca es afectado por TC, pero no por RH y FF, FF afecta más el contenido nutricional que TC y RH. El tipo de clima es el factor de menor impacto en el contenido mineral del fruto. En flujo floral el contenido nutricional total fue significativo en cuatro elementos con mayor valor para N, Cl, y Zn en fruto loca y Na en fruto normal.

Abstract Through the Official Mexican Standard NOM-035-STPS-2018, organizations have the possibility of identifying, analyzing, and preventing psychosocial risk factors in the workplace, as well as promoting adequate organizational environments. Its compliance is mandatory for most of the organizations located in this nation. The main objective of the study is to validate the instrument of psychosocial risk factors included in the NOM-035-STPS-2018 standard through an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. In this investigation, an analysis of the validity of the questionnaire proposed in the reference guide III of the aforementioned Standard was carried out based on the criteria established in the same document. For this, said instrument was applied to 250 workers of a maquiladora company located in the State of Guanajuato. It was found that, although the questionnaire is valid, it can be enriched based on the experience of the same organizations and that it should be adapted to extraordinary situations as a pandemic.

Resumen Por medio de la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-035-STPS-2018, cuyo cumplimento es obligatorio para la mayoría las organizaciones, se tiene la posibilidad de identificar, analizar y prevenir los factores de riesgo psicosociales en los centros de trabajo, así como propiciar entornos organizacionales adecuados. El objetivo principal de este estudio radica en validar el instrumento de factores de riesgo psicosociales incluido en la norma a través de un análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. En esta investigación se efectúo un análisis de la validez del cuestionario propuesto en la guía de referencia III de la citada norma con base en los criterios establecidos en el mismo documento. Para ello, se aplicó el instrumento a 250 trabajadores de una empresa maquiladora situada en el Estado de Guanajuato. Se halló que, aunque el cuestionario es válido, es susceptible de ser enriquecido con base en la experiencia de las mismas organizaciones y que debería adaptarse a situaciones extraordinarias como una pandemia.

Abstract Introduction: Vascular and neuropathic complications of diabetes cause diabetic foot, being the main risk factor for non-traumatic amputations. Objective: To analyze the available scientific evidence on lifestyle and self-care of patients at risk of diabetic foot. Methodology: Literature review using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses methodology; published in EBSCO host, Google academic, PubMed, Scielo and Elsevier; in English and Spanish from 2016 to 2022. Nursing articles were included, mentioning two or more variables of interest: diabetes mellitus, lifestyle, diabetic foot, and self-care; duplicates, no access, and gray literature were eliminated. From a total of 1,080 articles, 14 were included that met the inclusion criteria. Checklists were used to assess the quality of the manuscripts used. Results: Systematic reviews, observational, experimental and qualitative studies showed evidence that self-care can be influenced by culture, context and knowledge deficit, being this a risk factor for the development of diabetic foot. An association was found between the risk of diabetic foot with years of diagnosis, inadequate self-care of the feet and advanced age. Conclusion: The association between the self-care deficit and the risk of diabetic foot in the elderly was evidenced. It is recommended to broaden the search and include people under 40 years of age in order to establish effective preventive measures and reduce the risk of diabetic foot.

Abstrato Introdução: As complicações vasculares e neuropáticas da diabetes causam o pé diabético, sendo o principal fator de risco para amputações não traumáticas. Objetivo: Analisar a evidência científica disponível sobre o estilo de vida e o autocuidado dos doentes em risco de pé diabético. Metodologia: Revisão da literatura utilizando a metodologia preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses; publicada no EBSCO host, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo e Elsevier; em inglês e espanhol de 2016 a 2022. Foram incluídos artigos de enfermagem que mencionavam duas ou mais variáveis de interesse: diabetes mellitus, estilo de vida, pé diabético e autocuidado; foram removidos os duplicados, sem acesso e literatura cinzenta. De um total de 1.080 artigos, 14 que preencheram os critérios de inclusão foram incluídos. Foram utilizadas listas de verificação para avaliar a qualidade dos manuscritos utilizados. Resultados: Revisões sistemáticas, estudos observacionais, experimentais e qualitativos mostraram evidências de que o autocuidado pode ser influenciado pela cultura, contexto e défices de conhecimento, que são factores de risco para o desenvolvimento da doença do pé diabético. Foram encontradas associações entre o risco de pé diabético e os anos de diagnóstico, o autocuidado inadequado dos pés e a idade avançada. Conclusão: Verificou-se a associação entre défices de autocuidado e o risco de doença do pé diabético em idosos. Recomendamos o alargamento da pesquisa a pessoas com menos de 40 anos de idade, de forma a estabelecer medidas preventivas eficazes e reduzir o risco de doença do pé diabético.

Resumen Introducción: Las complicaciones vasculares y neuropáticas de la diabetes causan el pie diabético, siendo el principal factor de riesgo para amputaciones no traumáticas. Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia científica disponible sobre el estilo de vida y autocuidado de los pacientes con riesgo de pie diabético. Metodología: Revisión de la literatura mediante la metodología preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses; publicada en EBSCO host, Google académico, PubMed, Scielo y Elsevier; en inglés y español desde 2016 a 2022. Se incluyeron artículos de enfermería, que mencionaran dos o más variables de interés: diabetes mellitus, estilo de vida, pie diabético y autocuidado; se eliminaron duplicados, sin acceso abierto y literatura gris. De un total de 1,080 artículos se incluyeron 14 que reunieron los criterios de inclusión. Se emplearon listas de verificación para evaluar la calidad de los manuscritos utilizados. Resultados: Las revisiones sistemáticas, estudios observacionales, experimentales y cualitativos mostraron evidencias de que el autocuidado puede verse influenciado por la cultura, contexto y déficit de conocimientos, siendo este factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de pie diabético. Se encontró asociación entre el riesgo de pie diabético con años de diagnóstico, autocuidado inadecuado de los pies y edad avanzada. Conclusión: Se evidenció asociación entre déficit de autocuidado y riesgo de pie diabético en el adulto mayor. Se recomienda ampliar la búsqueda e incluir personas menores de 40 años para establecer medidas preventivas eficaces y reducir el riesgo de pie diabético.

Abstract Introduction: Almost 800 female deaths occur daily due to preventable causes associated with complications during or after pregnancy or childbirth, equivalent to two maternal deaths per minute. Objective: To develop a nursing care process for a pregnant woman who suffered from hyperthyroidism using diagnostic taxonomies, results and nursing interventions with a focus on Orem's theory. Methodology: Case study of a pregnant woman treated in a second level care hospital, the Orem assessment guide was used, developing the stages: assessment, diagnosis, planning, execution and evaluation, individualized care plans were designed and executed. Privacy was protected by omitting identity, respecting the rights and well-being of the participant. Results: The risk conditioning factor that compromised the health of the mother-child binomial gave way to care planning aimed at the process of ineffective motherhood and ineffective self-management of health, establishing interventions such as high-risk pregnancy care and teaching the process of illness and prescribed medications, an improvement was obtained in the patient's health status, which allowed her discharge and adequate management of the high-risk pregnancy. Conclusion: The nursing care process exposed the context in which the pregnant woman with known uncontrolled pathology is admitted, which compromised maternal-fetal well-being. Nursing education is required to promote preconception maternal health for future pregnancies.

Abstrato Introdução: Quase 800 mortes femininas ocorrem diariamente por causas evitáveis associadas a complicações durante ou após a gravidez ou o parto, o equivalente a duas mortes maternas por minuto. Objetivo: Desenvolver um processo de cuidado de enfermagem a uma gestante portadora de hipertireoidismo utilizando taxonomias diagnósticas, resultados e intervenções de enfermagem com enfoque na teoria de Orem. Metodologia: Estudo de caso de uma gestante atendida em um hospital de atenção secundária, utilizou-se o guia de avaliação de Orem, desenvolvendo as etapas: avaliação, diagnóstico, planejamento, execução e avaliação, foram desenhados e executados planos de cuidados individualizados. A privacidade foi protegida pela omissão da identidade, respeitando os direitos e o bem-estar do participante. Resultados: O fator condicionante de risco que comprometia a saúde do binômio mãe-filho deu lugar ao planejamento do cuidado voltado ao processo de maternidade ineficaz e à autogestão ineficaz da saúde, estabelecendo intervenções como o cuidado à gravidez de alto risco e ensinando o processo e medicamentos prescritos, houve uma melhora no estado de saúde da paciente, o que permitiu sua alta e o gerenciamento adequado da gravidez de alto risco. Conclusão: O processo de cuidado de enfermagem expôs o contexto em que a gestante com patologia conhecida não controlada é internada, o que compromete o bem-estar materno-fetal. A educação em enfermagem é necessária para promover a saúde materna pré-concepcional em futuras gestações.

Resumen Introducción: Casi 800 muertes de mujeres en forma diaria ocurren por causas prevenibles asociadas a complicaciones durante o después del embarazo o el parto, equivaliendo dos muertes maternas por minuto. Objetivo: Desarrollar un proceso de atención de enfermería a gestante que cursó con hipertiroidismo empleando las taxonomías diagnósticas, resultados e intervenciones de enfermería con enfoque de la teoría de Orem. Metodología: Estudio de caso a mujer gestante atendida en hospital de segundo nivel de atención, se empleó la guía de valoración de Orem desarrollando las etapas: valoración, diagnóstico, planeación, ejecución y evaluación, se diseñaron y ejecutaron planes de cuidados individualizados. Se protegió la privacidad omitiendo identidad, respetando los derechos y bienestar de la participante. Resultados: El factor condicionante de riesgo que comprometía la salud del binomio madre-hijo, dio paso a la planificación del cuidado encaminado al proceso de maternidad ineficaz y autogestión ineficaz de la salud, estableciendo intervenciones como cuidados del embarazo de alto riesgo y enseñanza del proceso de enfermedad y medicamentos prescritos, se obtuvo mejora en el estado de salud de la paciente, lo que permitió su alta y un adecuado manejo del embarazo de alto riesgo. Conclusión: El proceso de atención de enfermería expuso el contexto en el que ingresa la mujer gestante con patología conocida no controlada, lo que comprometía el bienestar materno-fetal. Se requiere educación por parte de enfermería para fomentar la salud materna preconcepcional para futuros embarazos.

Resumen En el artículo se examina la relación entre la migración interna de NNA (niños, niñas y adolescentes) y la asistencia escolar en la entidad fronteriza de Baja California, México. Se combina el análisis de los microdatos del Censo de Población 2020 con la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas a docentes que atendieron a este sector entre 2015 y 2022. Los NNA migrantes internos presentan desventajas en la asistencia escolar y las brechas aumentan si la migración es reciente y si los padres trabajan en la agricultura. Ser indígena es un factor protector de la asistencia escolar para los migrantes no recientes, pero de riesgo para los migrantes recientes; esto último coincide con las percepciones docentes. Estos señalan que existen barreras tanto socioeconómicas como del contexto educativo que limitan la inserción escolar de estos migrantes. El Estado tiene aún pendiente garantizar el derecho pleno a la educación de los migrantes internos.

Abstract The article examines the relationship between internal migration of children and adolescents and school enrollment in the border state of Baja California, Mexico. This research combines the analysis of the 2020 Population Census microdata and semi-structured interviews with teachers who served this sector between 2015 and 2022. Internal migrant children have disadvantages in school enrollment, and the gaps increase if the migration is recent, and if the parents work in agriculture. Being indigenous is a protective factor for school attendance among non-recent migrants, but a risk factor among recent migrants; the latter is consistent with teachers’ perceptions. Teachers point out that there are both socioeconomic and educational context barriers that limit the school integration of these migrants. The State still has to guarantee the full right to education for internal migrants.

Resumen Introducción: la tuberculosis es una enfermedad infecciosa crónica causada por Mycobacterium tuberculosis, capaz de afectar cualquier órgano o tejido siendo la forma más común la enfermedad pulmonar. Objetivo: identificar los factores que afectan la adherencia al tratamiento antituberculoso en pacientes del Departamento de Boyacá durante los años 2017-2019. Metodología: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo que utilizó como fuentes de información datos registrados en la base del programa departamental de Tuberculosis y SIVIGILA. Se realizó análisis univariado, determinando la distribución de las variables y análisis bivariado en el que se exploró la asociación entre la adherencia al tratamiento de tuberculosis y las variables independientes, se utilizó la prueba de Chi cuadrado. Resultados: se incluyeron 402 pacientes, la adherencia al tratamiento antituberculoso fue 96,5% y la no adherencia de 3,5%. El 66,7% eran de sexo femenino; 55,7% vivián en zona urbana; 66,5% pertenecían al régimen subsidiado; 89,7% mestizos; 91,2% correspondían a otros grupos poblacionales, seguido del 7,5% de población privada de la libertad y 1,3% habitantes de calle. Dentro de las comorbilidades la coinfección con VIH con 4,2% fue la de mayor presencia. Entre las causas de no adherencia al tratamiento fueron desinterés, cambio frecuente de domicilio, contrato finalizado con la EPS y suspensión del tratamiento por toxicidad hepática. El paciente con mayor probabilidad de abandonar el tratamiento pertenece al sexo masculino, al grupo poblacional de migrantes o habitantes de calle y se encuentra afiliado al régimen subsidiado, se encontró una relación estadísticamente significativa entre estas variables y el resultado con la adherencia al tratamiento. Conclusiones: si bien el resultado obtenido en el presente trabajo no es elevado, es importante realizar vigilancia de la adherencia al tratamiento antituberculoso para disminuir el riesgo de complicaciones derivadas de su abandono como mayor mortalidad, desarrollo de resistencia bacteriana y un período de contagiosidad más prolongado.

Abstract Introduction: Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, capable of affecting any organ or tissue, the most common form being lung disease. Objective: Identify the factors that affect adherence to tuberculosis treatment in patients from the Department of Boyacá during the years 2017-2019. Methodology: Retrospective descriptive study that used as information sources data registered in the database of the departmental Tuberculosis program and SIVIGILA. A univariate analysis was carried out, determining the distribution of the variables and a bivariate analysis in which the association between adherence to tuberculosis treatment and the independent variables was explored, using the Chi-square test. Results: 402 patients were included, adherence to anti-tuberculosis treatment was 96.5% and non-adherence 3.5%. 66.7% were female; 55.7% lived in an urban area; 66.5% belonged to the subsidized regime; 89.7% mestizo; 91.2% corresponded to other population groups, followed by 7.5% of the population deprived of liberty and 1.3% homeless. Within the comorbidities, coinfection with HIV 4.2% was the one with the greatest presence. Among the causes of non-adherence to treatment were lack of interest; frequent change of address; Terminated contract with the EPS and suspension of treatment due to liver toxicity. The patient with the highest probability of abandoning treatment belongs to the male sex, to the population group of migrants or street dwellers and is affiliated with the subsidized regime, a statistically significant relationship was found between these variables and the result with adherence to treatment. Conclusions: Although the result obtained in this study is not high, it is important to monitor adherence to tuberculosis treatment to reduce the risk of complications derived from its abandonment, such as increased mortality, development of bacterial resistance, and a longer period of contagiousness.

Abstract Objective Platelet to albumin ratio (PAR) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) are potential indicators for evaluating nutritional and inflammatory status. This study aimed to examine the relationship between PAR and PNI and the acute complicated course of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO). Methods AHO patients were divided into the simple course group and the acute complicated course group. The patient's gender, age, site of infection, body temperature, laboratory results, and pathogen culture results were collected and compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors of the acute complicated course group. The receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to determine the optimal cut-off value. Results In total, 101 AHO patients with a median age of 7.58 years were included. There were 63 cases (62.4 %) in the simple course group and 38 cases (37.6 %) in the complicated course group. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that PAR and PNI were independent risk factors for predicting the acute complicated course of AHO (p = 0.004 and p < 0.001, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the combination of PAR and PNI had an area under the curve of 0.777 (95 % CI: 0.680-0.873, p < 0.001) with a cut-off value of 0.51. Conclusions The incidence of acute complicated courses was significantly higher in patients with high PAR and low PNI. A combined factor greater than 0.51, derived from PAR and PNI measurements within 24 h of admission, may be useful for predicting AHO patients who are likely to develop severe disease. (PAR (PNI status AHO. . (AHO) patient s gender infection temperature compared cutoff cut off total 10 758 7 58 7.5 included 6 62.4 624 62 4 (62. 3 37.6 376 37 (37. 0004 0 004 0.00 0001 001 0.001 respectively. respectively respectively) 0777 777 0.77 95 (9 CI 0.6800.873, 06800873 0.680 0.873, 680 873 0.680-0.873 051 51 0.51 2 admission disease (AHO 1 75 5 7. 62. (62 37. (37 000 00 0.0 077 77 0.7 9 ( 6800 0.6800.873 0680087 0680 0.68 0873 0.873 68 87 0.680-0.87 05 0.5 (6 (3 0. 07 0.6800.87 068008 068 0.6 087 0.87 8 0.680-0.8 0.6800.8 06800 06 08 0.8 0.680-0. 0.6800. 0.680-0 0.6800 0.680-

Abstract Introduction: Living donor kidney transplantation is considered the ideal renal replacement therapy because it has a lower complication rate and allows an efficient response to the high demand for grafts in the healthcare system. Careful selection and adequate monitoring of donors is a key element in transplantation. Individuals at greater risk of developing kidney dysfunction after nephrectomy must be identified. Objective: To identify risk factors associated with a renal compensation rate (CR) below 70% 12 months after nephrectomy. Methods: This observational retrospective longitudinal study included living kidney donors followed up at the Lower Amazon Regional Hospital between 2016 and 2022. Data related to sociodemographic variables, comorbid conditions and kidney function parameters were collected. Results: The study enrolled 32 patients. Fourteen (43.75%) had a CR < 70% 12 months after kidney donation. Logistic regression found obesity (Odds Ratio [95%CI]: 10.6 [1.7–65.2]), albuminuria (Odds Ratio [95%CI]: 2.41 [1.2–4.84]) and proteinuria (Odds Ratio [95%CI]: 1.14 [1.03–1.25]) as risk factors. Glomerular filtration rate was a protective factor (Odds Ratio [95% CI]: 0.92 [0.85–0.99]). Conclusion: Obesity, albuminuria and proteinuria adversely affected short-term renal compensation rate. Further studies are needed to uncover the prognostic implications tied to these risk factors. Our findings also supported the need for careful individualized assessment of potential donors and closer monitoring of individuals at higher risk. Introduction system identified Objective (CR 70 1 Methods 201 2022 variables collected Results 3 patients 43.75% 4375 43 75 (43.75% donation Odds 95%CI 95CI CI 95 [95%CI] 106 10 6 10. 1.7–65.2, 17652 1.7–65.2 , 7 65 2 [1.7–65.2]) 241 41 2.4 1.2–4.84 12484 4 84 [1.2–4.84] 114 14 1.1 1.03–1.25 103125 03 25 [1.03–1.25] 95% [95 CI] 092 0 92 0.9 0.85–0.99. 085099 0.85–0.99 . 85 99 [0.85–0.99]) Conclusion Obesity shortterm short term 20 202 43.75 437 (43.75 9 [95%CI 1765 1.7–65. [1.7–65.2] 24 2. 1.2–4.8 1248 8 [1.2–4.84 11 1. 1.03–1.2 10312 [1.03–1.25 [9 09 0. 08509 0.85–0.9 [0.85–0.99] 43.7 (43.7 176 1.7–65 [1.7–65.2 1.2–4. 124 [1.2–4.8 1.03–1. 1031 [1.03–1.2 [ 0850 0.85–0. [0.85–0.99 43. (43. 17 1.7–6 [1.7–65. 1.2–4 [1.2–4. 1.03–1 103 [1.03–1. 085 0.85–0 [0.85–0.9 (43 1.7– [1.7–65 1.2– [1.2–4 1.03– [1.03–1 08 0.85– [0.85–0. (4 1.7 [1.7–6 1.2 [1.2– 1.03 [1.03– 0.85 [0.85–0 ( [1.7– [1.2 1.0 [1.03 0.8 [0.85– [1.7 [1. [1.0 [0.85 [1 [0.8 [0. [0

Resumo Introdução: O transplante de rim de doador vivo é considerado a terapia renal substitutiva ideal por oferecer menor taxa de complicações e possibilitar uma resposta eficiente à grande demanda por enxertos no sistema de saúde. A seleção criteriosa e o acompanhamento adequado dos doadores constituem um pilar fundamental dessa modalidade terapêutica, sendo essencial a identificação dos indivíduos em maior risco de disfunção renal pós-nefrectomia. Objetivo: Identificar fatores de risco para uma Taxa de Compensação (TC) da função renal inferior a 70% 12 meses após a nefrectomia. Métodos: Estudo observacional, retrospectivo e longitudinal conduzido com doadores de rim vivo acompanhados no Hospital Regional do Baixo Amazonas entre 2016 e 2022. Foram coletados dados correspondentes a variáveis sociodemográficas, comorbidades e parâmetros de função renal. Resultados: Foram incluídos 32 pacientes na amostra final. Destes, 14 (43,75%) obtiveram TC < 70% 12 meses após a doação. A regressão logística identificou a obesidade (Odds Ratio [IC95%]: 10.6 [1.7–65.2]), albuminúria (Odds Ratio [IC95%]: 2.41 [1.2–4.84]) e proteinúria (Odds Ratio [IC95%]: 1.14 [1.03–1.25]) como fatores de risco. A taxa de filtração glomerular atuou como fator de proteção (Odds Ratio [IC95%]: 0.92 [0.85–0.99]). Conclusão: Obesidade, albuminúria e proteinúria demonstraram impacto negativo na taxa de compensação renal em curto prazo, o que reitera a necessidade de estudos acerca das implicações prognósticas desses fatores. Além disso, reforça-se a necessidade de avaliação cuidadosa e individualizada dos possíveis doadores, com acompanhamento rigoroso, especialmente para indivíduos de maior risco. Introdução saúde terapêutica pósnefrectomia. pósnefrectomia pós nefrectomia pós-nefrectomia Objetivo (TC 70 1 Métodos observacional 201 2022 sociodemográficas Resultados 3 final Destes 43,75% 4375 43 75 (43,75% doação Odds IC95% IC95 IC [IC95%] 106 10 6 10. 1.7–65.2, 17652 1.7–65.2 , 7 65 2 [1.7–65.2]) 241 41 2.4 1.2–4.84 12484 4 84 [1.2–4.84] 114 1.1 1.03–1.25 103125 03 25 [1.03–1.25] 092 0 92 0.9 0.85–0.99. 085099 0.85–0.99 . 85 99 [0.85–0.99]) Conclusão Obesidade prazo disso reforçase reforça se rigoroso 20 202 43,75 437 (43,75 IC9 [IC95% 1765 1.7–65. [1.7–65.2] 24 2. 1.2–4.8 1248 8 [1.2–4.84 11 1. 1.03–1.2 10312 [1.03–1.25 09 9 0. 08509 0.85–0.9 [0.85–0.99] 43,7 (43,7 [IC95 176 1.7–65 [1.7–65.2 1.2–4. 124 [1.2–4.8 1.03–1. 1031 [1.03–1.2 0850 0.85–0. [0.85–0.99 43, (43, [IC9 17 1.7–6 [1.7–65. 1.2–4 [1.2–4. 1.03–1 103 [1.03–1. 085 0.85–0 [0.85–0.9 (43 [IC 1.7– [1.7–65 1.2– [1.2–4 1.03– [1.03–1 08 0.85– [0.85–0. (4 1.7 [1.7–6 1.2 [1.2– 1.03 [1.03– 0.85 [0.85–0 ( [1.7– [1.2 1.0 [1.03 0.8 [0.85– [1.7 [1. [1.0 [0.85 [1 [0.8 [ [0. [0

Abstract Introduction: Living donor kidney transplantation is considered the ideal renal replacement therapy because it has a lower complication rate and allows an efficient response to the high demand for grafts in the healthcare system. Careful selection and adequate monitoring of donors is a key element in transplantation. Individuals at greater risk of developing kidney dysfunction after nephrectomy must be identified. Objective: To identify risk factors associated with a renal compensation rate (CR) below 70% 12 months after nephrectomy. Methods: This observational retrospective longitudinal study included living kidney donors followed up at the Lower Amazon Regional Hospital between 2016 and 2022. Data related to sociodemographic variables, comorbid conditions and kidney function parameters were collected. Results: The study enrolled 32 patients. Fourteen (43.75%) had a CR < 70% 12 months after kidney donation. Logistic regression found obesity (Odds Ratio [95%CI]: 10.6 [1.7–65.2]), albuminuria (Odds Ratio [95%CI]: 2.41 [1.2–4.84]) and proteinuria (Odds Ratio [95%CI]: 1.14 [1.03–1.25]) as risk factors. Glomerular filtration rate was a protective factor (Odds Ratio [95% CI]: 0.92 [0.85–0.99]). Conclusion: Obesity, albuminuria and proteinuria adversely affected short-term renal compensation rate. Further studies are needed to uncover the prognostic implications tied to these risk factors. Our findings also supported the need for careful individualized assessment of potential donors and closer monitoring of individuals at higher risk. Introduction system identified Objective (CR 70 1 Methods 201 2022 variables collected Results 3 patients 43.75% 4375 43 75 (43.75% donation Odds 95%CI 95CI CI 95 [95%CI] 106 10 6 10. 1.7–65.2, 17652 1.7–65.2 , 7 65 2 [1.7–65.2]) 241 41 2.4 1.2–4.84 12484 4 84 [1.2–4.84] 114 14 1.1 1.03–1.25 103125 03 25 [1.03–1.25] 95% [95 CI] 092 0 92 0.9 0.85–0.99. 085099 0.85–0.99 . 85 99 [0.85–0.99]) Conclusion Obesity shortterm short term 20 202 43.75 437 (43.75 9 [95%CI 1765 1.7–65. [1.7–65.2] 24 2. 1.2–4.8 1248 8 [1.2–4.84 11 1. 1.03–1.2 10312 [1.03–1.25 [9 09 0. 08509 0.85–0.9 [0.85–0.99] 43.7 (43.7 176 1.7–65 [1.7–65.2 1.2–4. 124 [1.2–4.8 1.03–1. 1031 [1.03–1.2 [ 0850 0.85–0. [0.85–0.99 43. (43. 17 1.7–6 [1.7–65. 1.2–4 [1.2–4. 1.03–1 103 [1.03–1. 085 0.85–0 [0.85–0.9 (43 1.7– [1.7–65 1.2– [1.2–4 1.03– [1.03–1 08 0.85– [0.85–0. (4 1.7 [1.7–6 1.2 [1.2– 1.03 [1.03– 0.85 [0.85–0 ( [1.7– [1.2 1.0 [1.03 0.8 [0.85– [1.7 [1. [1.0 [0.85 [1 [0.8 [0. [0

Resumo Introdução: O transplante de rim de doador vivo é considerado a terapia renal substitutiva ideal por oferecer menor taxa de complicações e possibilitar uma resposta eficiente à grande demanda por enxertos no sistema de saúde. A seleção criteriosa e o acompanhamento adequado dos doadores constituem um pilar fundamental dessa modalidade terapêutica, sendo essencial a identificação dos indivíduos em maior risco de disfunção renal pós-nefrectomia. Objetivo: Identificar fatores de risco para uma Taxa de Compensação (TC) da função renal inferior a 70% 12 meses após a nefrectomia. Métodos: Estudo observacional, retrospectivo e longitudinal conduzido com doadores de rim vivo acompanhados no Hospital Regional do Baixo Amazonas entre 2016 e 2022. Foram coletados dados correspondentes a variáveis sociodemográficas, comorbidades e parâmetros de função renal. Resultados: Foram incluídos 32 pacientes na amostra final. Destes, 14 (43,75%) obtiveram TC < 70% 12 meses após a doação. A regressão logística identificou a obesidade (Odds Ratio [IC95%]: 10.6 [1.7–65.2]), albuminúria (Odds Ratio [IC95%]: 2.41 [1.2–4.84]) e proteinúria (Odds Ratio [IC95%]: 1.14 [1.03–1.25]) como fatores de risco. A taxa de filtração glomerular atuou como fator de proteção (Odds Ratio [IC95%]: 0.92 [0.85–0.99]). Conclusão: Obesidade, albuminúria e proteinúria demonstraram impacto negativo na taxa de compensação renal em curto prazo, o que reitera a necessidade de estudos acerca das implicações prognósticas desses fatores. Além disso, reforça-se a necessidade de avaliação cuidadosa e individualizada dos possíveis doadores, com acompanhamento rigoroso, especialmente para indivíduos de maior risco. Introdução saúde terapêutica pósnefrectomia. pósnefrectomia pós nefrectomia pós-nefrectomia Objetivo (TC 70 1 Métodos observacional 201 2022 sociodemográficas Resultados 3 final Destes 43,75% 4375 43 75 (43,75% doação Odds IC95% IC95 IC [IC95%] 106 10 6 10. 1.7–65.2, 17652 1.7–65.2 , 7 65 2 [1.7–65.2]) 241 41 2.4 1.2–4.84 12484 4 84 [1.2–4.84] 114 1.1 1.03–1.25 103125 03 25 [1.03–1.25] 092 0 92 0.9 0.85–0.99. 085099 0.85–0.99 . 85 99 [0.85–0.99]) Conclusão Obesidade prazo disso reforçase reforça se rigoroso 20 202 43,75 437 (43,75 IC9 [IC95% 1765 1.7–65. [1.7–65.2] 24 2. 1.2–4.8 1248 8 [1.2–4.84 11 1. 1.03–1.2 10312 [1.03–1.25 09 9 0. 08509 0.85–0.9 [0.85–0.99] 43,7 (43,7 [IC95 176 1.7–65 [1.7–65.2 1.2–4. 124 [1.2–4.8 1.03–1. 1031 [1.03–1.2 0850 0.85–0. [0.85–0.99 43, (43, [IC9 17 1.7–6 [1.7–65. 1.2–4 [1.2–4. 1.03–1 103 [1.03–1. 085 0.85–0 [0.85–0.9 (43 [IC 1.7– [1.7–65 1.2– [1.2–4 1.03– [1.03–1 08 0.85– [0.85–0. (4 1.7 [1.7–6 1.2 [1.2– 1.03 [1.03– 0.85 [0.85–0 ( [1.7– [1.2 1.0 [1.03 0.8 [0.85– [1.7 [1. [1.0 [0.85 [1 [0.8 [ [0. [0

RESUMO Introdução: Insuficiência renal aguda (IRA) é uma deterioração abrupta da função renal. A incidência de IRA pediátrica está aumentando em todo o mundo, em ambientes críticos e não críticos. Nosso objetivo foi caracterizar apresentação, etiologia, evolução e desfechos da IRA em pacientes pediátricos internados em um centro de atendimento terciário. Métodos: Realizamos estudo retrospectivo observacional de centro único de pacientes com idade entre 29 dias a 17 anos e 365 dias internados em nossa Unidade de Nefrologia Pediátrica, de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2021, com diagnóstico de IRA. A gravidade da IRA foi categorizada de acordo com os critérios do Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Os desfechos considerados foram óbito ou sequelas (proteinúria, hipertensão ou alterações na função renal em avaliações de acompanhamento de 3 a 6 meses). Resultados: Incluímos 46 pacientes com idade mediana de 13,0 (3,5–15,5) anos. Cerca de metade (n = 24; 52,2%) apresentou um fator de risco identificável para o desenvolvimento de IRA. Treze pacientes (28,3%) eram anúricos; todos foram classificados como IRA KDIGO 3 (p < 0,001). Quase um quarto (n = 10; 21,7%) dos pacientes necessitaram de terapia renal substitutiva. Aproximadamente 60% (n = 26) apresentou pelo menos uma sequela, sendo proteinúria a mais comum (n = 15; 38,5%; mediana (P25–75) da relação proteína/creatinina urinária 0,30 (0,27–0,44) mg/mg), seguida de taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) reduzida (n = 11; 27,5%; mediana (P25–75) da TFG 75 (62–83) mL/min/1,73 m2). Conclusões: A IRA pediátrica está associada à morbidade substancial, com potencial para desenvolvimento de proteinúria e comprometimento da função renal e impacto relevante no prognóstico de longo prazo. Introdução (IRA mundo apresentação etiologia terciário Métodos 2 1 36 Pediátrica 201 2021 KDIGO. . (KDIGO) proteinúria, (proteinúria meses. meses meses) Resultados 4 130 13 0 13, 3,5–15,5 35155 5 15 (3,5–15,5 n 24 52,2% 522 52 28,3% 283 28 (28,3% anúricos p 0,001. 0001 0,001 001 0,001) 10 21,7% 217 21 7 substitutiva 60 26 sequela 38,5% 385 38 P25–75 P2575 P P25 (P25–75 proteínacreatinina proteína creatinina 030 30 0,3 0,27–0,44 027044 27 44 (0,27–0,44 mg/mg, mgmg mg/mg , mg mg/mg) (TFG 11 27,5% 275 62–83 6283 62 83 (62–83 mLmin173 mLmin mL min 73 mL/min/1,7 m2. m2 m m2) Conclusões substancial prazo 20 202 (KDIGO 3,5–15, 3515 (3,5–15, 52,2 28,3 (28,3 000 0,00 00 21,7 38,5 P25–7 P257 P2 (P25–7 03 0, 0,27–0,4 02704 (0,27–0,4 27,5 62–8 628 8 (62–8 mLmin17 mL/min/1, 3,5–15 351 (3,5–15 52, 28, (28, 0,0 21, 38, P25– (P25– 0,27–0, 0270 (0,27–0, 27, 62– (62– mLmin1 mL/min/1 3,5–1 35 (3,5–1 (28 (P25 0,27–0 027 (0,27–0 (62 mL/min/ 3,5– (3,5– (2 (P2 0,27– 02 (0,27– (6 mL/min 3,5 (3,5 ( (P 0,27 (0,27 3, (3, 0,2 (0,2 (3 (0, (0

ABSTRACT Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an abrupt deterioration of kidney function. The incidence of pediatric AKI is increasing worldwide, both in critically and non-critically ill settings. We aimed to characterize the presentation, etiology, evolution, and outcome of AKI in pediatric patients admitted to a tertiary care center. Methods: We performed a retrospective observational single-center study of patients aged 29 days to 17 years and 365 days admitted to our Pediatric Nephrology Unit from January 2012 to December 2021, with the diagnosis of AKI. AKI severity was categorized according to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. The outcomes considered were death or sequelae (proteinuria, hypertension, or changes in renal function at 3 to 6 months follow-up assessments). Results: Forty-six patients with a median age of 13.0 (3.5–15.5) years were included. About half of the patients (n = 24, 52.2%) had an identifiable risk factor for the development of AKI. Thirteen patients (28.3%) were anuric, and all of those were categorized as AKI KDIGO stage 3 (p < 0.001). Almost one quarter (n = 10, 21.7%) of patients required renal replacement therapy. Approximately 60% of patients (n = 26) had at least one sequelae, with proteinuria being the most common (n = 15, 38.5%; median (P25–75) urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio 0.30 (0.27–0.44) mg/mg), followed by reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (n = 11, 27.5%; median (P25–75) GFR 75 (62–83) mL/min/1.73 m2). Conclusions: Pediatric AKI is associated with substantial morbidity, with potential for proteinuria development and renal function impairment and a relevant impact on long-term prognosis. Introduction (AKI worldwide noncritically non settings presentation etiology evolution center Methods singlecenter single 2 1 36 201 2021 (KDIGO criteria proteinuria, (proteinuria hypertension followup follow up assessments. assessments . assessments) Results Fortysix Forty six 130 13 0 13. 3.5–15.5 35155 5 15 (3.5–15.5 included n 24 52.2% 522 52 28.3% 283 28 (28.3% anuric p 0.001. 0001 0.001 001 0.001) 10 21.7% 217 21 7 therapy 60 26 38.5% 385 38 P25–75 P2575 P P25 (P25–75 proteintocreatinine protein creatinine 030 30 0.3 0.27–0.44 027044 27 44 (0.27–0.44 mg/mg, mgmg mg/mg , mg mg/mg) (GFR 11 27.5% 275 62–83 6283 62 83 (62–83 mLmin173 mLmin mL min 73 mL/min/1.7 m2. m2 m m2) Conclusions morbidity longterm long term prognosis 20 202 3.5–15. 3515 (3.5–15. 52.2 28.3 (28.3 000 0.00 00 21.7 38.5 P25–7 P257 P2 (P25–7 03 0. 0.27–0.4 02704 4 (0.27–0.4 27.5 62–8 628 8 (62–8 mLmin17 mL/min/1. 3.5–15 351 (3.5–15 52. 28. (28. 0.0 21. 38. P25– (P25– 0.27–0. 0270 (0.27–0. 27. 62– (62– mLmin1 mL/min/1 3.5–1 35 (3.5–1 (28 (P25 0.27–0 027 (0.27–0 (62 mL/min/ 3.5– (3.5– (2 (P2 0.27– 02 (0.27– (6 mL/min 3.5 (3.5 ( (P 0.27 (0.27 3. (3. 0.2 (0.2 (3 (0. (0

Resumo O uso de preservativos pode ser influenciado por aspectos psicológicos e socioculturais, que podem ser modulados por atitudes individuais. O objetivo foi propor uma versão em português brasileiro da Short-Form Condom Attitude Scale (Short-Form CAS), descrevendo os procedimentos de tradução, adaptação transcultural e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas em uma amostra de universitários. Trata-se de estudo transversal com estudantes matriculados na Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Campus Ribeirão Preto (n = 491; 61,2% feminino; média de idade: 22 anos; desvio-padrão: quatro anos). Foi realizada análise fatorial confirmatória. O modelo unifatorial com sete itens apresentou boa validade fatorial e confiabilidade, sugerindo ser a melhor solução fatorial para a Short-Form CAS. Há poucos estudos sobre os fatores comportamentais associados ao uso de preservativos em populações-chave, o que pode ser influenciado pela falta de instrumentos. A principal contribuição deste estudo foi propor uma versão simples e adaptada transculturalmente da Short-Form CAS com algumas propriedades psicométricas verificadas. Uma vez que o uso de preservativos é um componente do comportamento sexual de risco, a escala se apresenta como uma nova opção para futuros estudos na população brasileira. socioculturais individuais ShortForm Short Form CAS, , CAS) tradução universitários Tratase Trata USP, USP (USP) n 491 612 61 2 61,2 feminino idade anos desviopadrão desvio padrão desvio-padrão anos. . anos) confirmatória confiabilidade populaçõeschave, populaçõeschave populações chave, chave populações-chave instrumentos verificadas risco brasileira (USP 49 6 61, 4

Abstract The condom use can be influenced by psychological and sociocultural aspects, which can be modulated by individual’s attitudes. The aim was to propose a Brazilian Portuguese version of the Short-Form Condom Attitude Scale (Short-Form CAS), describing all procedures of translation, transcultural adaptation, and psychometric properties evaluation when applied to undergraduate students. A cross sectional study was conducted among students enrolled at University of São Paulo (USP), Campus Ribeirão Preto (n = 491; 61.2% female; average age: 22 years; standard deviation: four years). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed. A one-factor model with seven items exhibited good factorial validity and reliability, suggesting to be a better factorial solution of the Short-Form CAS in the sample. Few studies have been carried out on the behavioral factors associated with condom use in key populations, which can be exacerbated by a lack of appropriate scales. Therefore, the main contribution of the present study was to propose a simplified and transculturally adapted version of the Short-form CAS with some psychometric properties verified. Since the use of condoms is a component of the study of sexual risk behavior, this scale might be an option to be applied in various Brazilian population segments for this purpose. aspects individuals individual s attitudes ShortForm Short Form CAS, , CAS) translation adaptation USP, USP (USP) n 491 612 61 2 61.2 female age years deviation years. . years) performed onefactor one reliability sample populations scales Therefore Shortform form verified behavior purpose (USP 49 6 61. 4

Abstract Objective: To examine the mental health status and related factors in children and adolescents, and to assess age groups and sexes differences in factors influencing mental health. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on Chinese children aged 6-18 years from November 2021 to January 2022. Mental health difficulties were accessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with mental health status. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate factors associated with the scores of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of mental health difficulties was 12.98% (n =1348). Age (OR, 0.909, [95%CI, 0.830-0.996]), sex (OR, 1.424, [95%CI, 1.033-1.963]) and screen time on weekdays (“≥2” h/d vs “< 1” h/d: OR, 2.001, [95%CI, 1.300-3.080]) were related factors for mental health difficulties. For children (year ≤ 12), the strongest related factor for mental health difficulties was screen time on weekdays (“≥ 2” h/d vs “< 1” h/d: OR, 1.821 [95%CI, 1.203-2.755]). The risk of mental health difficulties in females with ≥ 2 h/d screen time on weekends was 3.420 times higher than those with < 1 h/d (OR, 3.420, [95%CI, 1.923-6.081]). Conclusion: The prevalence of mental health difficulties among children and adolescents was relatively high. The lower age, female sex and excessive screen time were associated with a higher risk of mental health difficulties. The factors influencing mental health varied by different age groups and sexes. Thus, specific measures for different age groups and sexes should be adopted to mitigate the impact. Objective Methods crosssectional cross sectional 618 6 18 6-1 202 2022 Questionnaire Results 1298 12 98 12.98 n =1348. 1348 =1348 . =1348) OR (OR 0909 0 909 0.909 95%CI, 95CI CI 95 [95%CI 0.8300.996, 08300996 0.830 0.996 , 830 996 0.830-0.996]) 1424 424 1.424 1.0331.963 10331963 1.033 1.963 033 963 1.033-1.963] ≥2 (“≥2 hd h d “ 2001 001 2.001 1.3003.080 13003080 1.300 3.080 300 3 080 1.300-3.080] year 12, 12) (“ 1821 821 1.82 1.2032.755. 12032755 1.203 2.755 203 755 1.203-2.755]) 3420 420 3.42 1.9236.081. 19236081 1.923 6.081 923 081 1.923-6.081]) Conclusion high Thus impact 61 6- 20 129 9 12.9 134 =134 090 90 0.90 95%CI 8300 0.8300.996 0830099 0830 0.83 0996 0.99 83 99 0.830-0.996] 142 42 1.42 0331 1.0331.96 1033196 1033 1.03 1963 1.96 03 96 1.033-1.963 200 00 2.00 3003 1.3003.08 1300308 1300 1.30 3080 3.08 30 08 1.300-3.080 ( 182 82 1.8 2032 1.2032.755 1203275 1203 1.20 2755 2.75 75 1.203-2.755] 342 3.4 9236 1.9236.081 1923608 1923 1.92 6081 6.08 92 1.923-6.081] 12. 13 =13 09 0.9 0.8300.99 083009 083 0.8 099 8 0.830-0.996 14 4 1.4 1.0331.9 103319 103 1.0 196 1.9 1.033-1.96 2.0 1.3003.0 130030 130 1.3 308 3.0 1.300-3.08 1. 1.2032.75 120327 120 1.2 275 2.7 7 1.203-2.755 34 3. 1.9236.08 192360 192 608 6.0 1.923-6.081 =1 0. 0.8300.9 08300 0.830-0.99 1.0331. 10331 10 19 1.033-1.9 2. 1.3003. 13003 1.300-3.0 1.2032.7 12032 27 1.203-2.75 1.9236.0 19236 60 6. 1.923-6.08 = 0.8300. 0.830-0.9 1.0331 1.033-1. 1.3003 1.300-3. 1.2032. 1.203-2.7 1.9236. 1.923-6.0 0.8300 0.830-0. 1.033-1 1.300-3 1.2032 1.203-2. 1.9236 1.923-6. 0.830-0 1.033- 1.300- 1.203-2 1.923-6 0.830- 1.203- 1.923-

Abstract To establish the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions and normal variations in a population of older adults. This observational study was conducted from 2015 to 2016 and involved 156 participants from Los Guido (San José, Costa Rica). The participants’ sociodemographic information, risk factors, comorbidity, and clinical examination were evaluated and analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. Findings in oral mucosa were found to preferentially affect women (n=111; 71%) and individuals between the ages of 60 and 69 years (n=65; 42%), having smoking as a risk factor (n=67; 43%), and suffering from arterial hypertension (n=101; 65%). Intraoral findings were mainly presented together with variations from normal and pathology (n=71; 46%), predominantly one variation from normal (n=67; 33%) and one pathology (n=51; 43%). The most prevalent normal variations were the saburral tongue, lingual varicose veins, and cryptic tonsils. Infectious diseases (n=33; 21%), potentially malignant disorders (n=30; 19%), and physical and chemical injuries (n=18; 12%) were the most prevalent groups. The four most predominant lesions were prosthetic stomatitis, actinic cheilitis, frictional keratosis, and atrophic glossitis. The differences in pathological groups were not statistically significant (p=0.392) when comparing the frequency ratio by sex. Variations of the normal anatomy are the predominant ones, the saburral tongue being the most prevalent individually; among the pathologies, the most remarkable group was the infectious diseases, and prosthetic stomatitis was the most frequent. The information about this subject in Costa Rica is limited. So it is important to conduct more studies that contribute to the oral health of the elderly population in this area.

Resumen Establecer la prevalencia de lesiones de la mucosa oral y variaciones de lo normal en una población de adultos mayores. Estudio observacional en 156 participantes de Los Guido (San José, Costa Rica) del 2015 a 2016. Se evaluaron y analizaron de forma descriptiva y cualitativa información sociodemográfica, factores de riesgo, comorbilidad y exploración clínica. Los hallazgos en mucosa oral afectaron preferentemente a las mujeres (n=111; 71%), el rango de edad entre 60 y 69 años (n=65; 42%) y con el tabaco como factor de riesgo (n=67; 43%) e hipertensión arterial (n=101; 65%). Los hallazgos intraorales se presentaron preferentemente de forma conjunta variaciones de lo normal y patologías (n=71; 46%), predominantemente una variación de lo normal (n=67; 33%) y una patología (n=51; 43%). Las variaciones de lo normal más prevalentes fueron lengua saburral, várices linguales y amígdalas criptodónticas. Las enfermedades infecciosas (n=33; 21%), los desórdenes potencialmente malignos (n=30; 19 %) e injurias físicas y químicas (n=18; 12%) fueron los grupos más prevalentes. Las cuatro lesiones más predominantes fueron estomatitis protésica, queilitis actínica, queratosis friccional y glositis atrófica. No hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p=0.392) al comparar la proporción de frecuencia por sexo. Las variaciones de la anatomía normal predominaron; siendo en forma individual la lengua saburral la más frecuente; de las patologías destacaron las enfermedades infecciosas principalmente la estomatitis protésica. Existe poca información en esta área en Costa Rica, es importante generar más estudios que permitan contribuir con la salud oral de la población adulta mayor.