Résumé Cet article propose em indicateur qui décrit, pour chaque municipalité brésilienne, son niveau et ses inégalités d’apprentissage. Cet indicateur est nécessaire car les inégalités d’apprentissage augmentent et ne sont pourtant pas observées par l’indicateur éducatif principal du pays, l’Indice de Développement de l’Éducation de Base (IDEB). L’étude onstatelize initialement la justice em éducation et se situe dans le débat sur les théories de la justice distributive. Ensuite, on onstate les aspects méthodologiques de l’indicateur et les résultats obtenus. La principale constatation est que les matières et les séries scolaires où l’on a onstat le plus grand nombre de municipalités augmentant leur niveau d’apprentissage sont également celles où l’on a onstate une forte augmentation des inégalités. décrit brésilienne dapprentissage. dapprentissage d apprentissage. apprentissage lindicateur l pays lIndice Indice lÉducation Éducation IDEB. IDEB . (IDEB) Létude L étude distributive Ensuite obtenus lon (IDEB

Resumen Este artículo propone un indicador que describe, para cada municipio brasilero, el nivel y las desigualdades de aprendizaje y sus diferencias. Ese indicador es necesario porque las desigualdades de aprendizaje son crecientes y, no obstante, no son observadas por el principal indicador educativo del país, el Índice de Desarrollo de la Educación Básica (IDEB). El estudio inicialmente conceptualiza la justicia en educación, situándose en el debate sobre teorías de justicia distributiva. Después, presenta los aspectos metodológicos del indicador y los resultados obtenidos. La principal constatación es que las disciplinas y grados escolares en que se verificó un mayor número de municipios con aumento de su nivel de aprendizaje son también en los que se verificó un fuerte aumento de las desigualdades. describe brasilero diferencias obstante país IDEB. IDEB . (IDEB) educación distributiva Después obtenidos (IDEB

Abstract This article proposes an indicator that describes each Brazilian municipality’s learning level of its elementary school students, as well as learning inequalities among groups of students defined by socioeconomic status, race, and sex. This indicator is necessary because learning inequalities are growing and are not observed by the country’s main educational indicator, the Basic Education Development Index (IDEB). This study initially conceptualizes justice in education, positioning itself in the debate on theories of justice. Then, it presents the methodological aspects of the indicator and the results obtained. The main finding is that the subjects and school grades in which the highest number of municipalities increased their learning levels are also those in which there was a strong increase in inequalities. municipalitys municipality s status race sex countrys country IDEB. IDEB . (IDEB) education Then obtained (IDEB

Resumo Este artigo propõe um indicador que descreve, para cada município brasileiro, o nível de aprendizagem de seus estudantes do ensino fundamental e as desigualdades de aprendizagem entre grupos de estudantes definidos por nível socioeconômico, raça e sexo. Esse indicador é necessário porque as desigualdades de aprendizagem são crescentes e, contudo, não são observadas pelo principal indicador educacional do país, o Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB). O estudo inicialmente conceitualiza justiça em educação, situando-se no debate sobre teorias de justiça distributiva. Em seguida, apresenta os aspectos metodológicos do indicador e os resultados obtidos. A principal constatação é que as disciplinas e séries escolares nas quais se verificou o maior número de municípios aumentando o seu nível de aprendizagem são também aquelas em que se verificou forte aumento das desigualdades. descreve brasileiro socioeconômico sexo contudo país IDEB. IDEB . (IDEB) educação situandose situando distributiva seguida obtidos (IDEB

Résumé Cet article vise à comprendre la réception du fascisme par les intellectuels liés à la droite catholique dans les années 1930, en mettant l’accent sur les débats menés dans la revue « A Ordem ». Nous cherchons à montrer comment - dans une analyse contextuelle de la pensée politique qui part de la nécessité de comprendre comment les idées circulent et sont appropriées et contre quels problèmes historiques elles sont mobilisées - les frontières idéationnelles entre conservatisme, réactionnisme, traditionalisme catholique et fascisme sont très ténues. L’accent ici est donc mis sur le répertoire sémantique mobilisé par les acteurs. En fin de compte, l’article vise à comprendre les affinités entre ces langages politiques pour produire une théorisation de la pensée réactionnaire de manière plus large, qui ne tienne pas seulement compte de ses manifestations paradigmatiques du Nord, mais qui soit capable de penser la critique des droites à la démocratie à partir de l’expérience de réception et de circulation de ces langages politiques dans le Sud global. 1930 laccent l accent » conservatisme réactionnisme ténues Laccent L acteurs larticle large Nord lexpérience expérience global 193 19 1

Abstract The purpose of this article is to understand the reception of fascism among intellectuals linked to the Catholic right in the 1930s, with emphasis on the debates held in the magazine A Ordem. We intend to show how – in a contextual analysis of political thought that starts from the need to understand how ideas circulate and are appropriated and against which historical problems they are mobilized – the ideational boundaries between conservatism, reactionaryism, Catholic traditionalism and fascism are very subtle. The emphasis here, therefore, is on the semantic repertoire that the actors mobilize. In the end, the article intends to understand the affinities between these political languages to produce a theorization of reactionary thought in a broader way, which does not only take into account its paradigmatic manifestations of the North, but which is capable of thinking about the right-wing critique of democracy from the experience of reception and circulation of these political languages in the global South. 1930s s Ordem conservatism reactionaryism subtle here therefore mobilize end way North rightwing wing South

Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo comprender la recepción del fascismo entre los intelectuales vinculados a la derecha católica en la década de 1930, con énfasis en los debates realizados en la revista A Ordem. Buscamos mostrar cómo – en un análisis contextual del pensamiento político que parte de la necesidad de comprender cómo circulan y se apropian las ideas y contra qué problemas históricos se movilizan – las fronteras ideacionales entre conservadurismo, pensamento reaccionario, tradicionalismo católico y fascismo son muy tenues. El énfasis aquí, por lo tanto, está en el repertorio semántico movilizado por los actores. Al final, el artículo se propone comprender las afinidades entre estos lenguajes políticos para producir una teorización del pensamiento reaccionario de manera más amplia, que no solo tenga en cuenta sus manifestaciones paradigmáticas del Norte, sino que sea capaz de pensar la crítica derechista de la democracia desde la experiencia de recepción y circulación de estos lenguajes políticos en el Sur global. 1930 Ordem conservadurismo tenues aquí tanto actores final amplia Norte global 193 19 1

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender a recepção do fascismo entre os intelectuais ligados à direita católica nos anos 1930, com ênfase nos debates travados na revista A Ordem. Procuramos mostrar como – em uma análise contextual do pensamento político que parte da necessidade de entender como as ideias circulam e são apropriadas e contra que problemas históricos elas são mobilizadas – as fronteiras ideacionais entre conservadorismo, reacionarismo, tradicionalismo católico e fascismo são muito tênues. A ênfase aqui, portanto, é no repertório semântico mobilizado pelos atores. Ao fim, o artigo pretende compreender as afinidades entre essas linguagens políticas para produzir uma teorização do pensamento reacionário de modo mais amplo, que não leve em conta apenas as suas manifestações paradigmáticas do Norte, mas que seja capaz de pensar a crítica das direitas à democracia a partir da experiência de recepção e circulação dessas linguagens políticas no Sul global. 1930 Ordem conservadorismo reacionarismo tênues aqui portanto atores fim amplo Norte global 193 19 1

ABSTRACT We present the case of a 37-year-old woman who underwent bilateral penetrating keratoplasty for congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy at the age of 10 years. Over the subsequent 27 years, the patient’s vision slowly deteriorated. Our examination revealed decompensation of the right corneal graft. We addressed this with regraft surgery. We then learned that the patient had been suffering from progressive hearing loss since adolescence. Tonal audiometry revealed hearing per ceptive deafness of 25 dB, which was more prominent in the left ear. Because the patterns of progressive sensorineural hearing loss and congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy have both been linked to the same gene, slc4a11, we tested our patient for mutations in this gene. The test was positive for a heterozygous slc4a11 gene fifth exon mutation on chromosome 20p13-p12, which causes a frameshift. A combined clinical and genetic evaluation confirmed a diagnosis of Harboyan syndrome. After the genetic diagnosis of the disease, she was evaluated for the need for a hearing aid due to her hearing loss. The patient was also informed about genetic counseling. 37yearold yearold 37 year old 1 years 2 patients s deteriorated graft surgery adolescence dB ear slca slc slc4a1 20p13p12, 20p13p12 pp 20p13 p12, p12 p 20p13-p12 frameshift syndrome disease counseling 3 slc4a 20p13p1 20p1 p1 20p13-p1 20p13p 20p 20p13-p

ABSTRACT Optic neuritis is an important cause of unilateral and acute visual loss in young adults, but other differential diagnoses should be considered, especially when the disease has an atypical presentation. This report presents the case of a young woman with reduced visual acuity in her right eye, associated with optic disc edema and a relative afferent pupillary defect, that was initially misdiagnosed as optic neuritis and subsequently found to have paracentral acute middle maculopathy, possibly secondary to subtle impending central retinal vein occlusion. This case emphasizes the need to remember that retinal vascular diseases can occasionally mimic optic neuritis. Detailed anamnesis and ophthalmic examination can avoid unnecessary interventions. adults considered presentation eye defect maculopathy occlusion interventions

ABSTRACT Aging and face sagging have many causes, and various techniques are used for treatment, including noninvasive procedures, such as focused ultrasound, which uses the principle of collagen regeneration by coagulative necrosis of the dermis layers using radiofrequency, but this procedure has complications. We reported a case of a 54-year-old female patient who complained of poor visual acuity in her right eye three days after a focused ultrasound facial aesthetic procedure, with the best visual acuity of 20/60. Biomicroscopy of the right eye revealed an acute cataract with three points of fibrosis extending from the posterior to the anterior capsule. The patient underwent phacoemulsification surgery with visual rehabilitation and improved vision of 20/20. We hypothesized that the occurrence of acute cataract was related to the inappropriate use of focused ultrasound. causes treatment procedures radiofrequency complications 54yearold yearold 54 year old 2060 20 60 20/60 capsule 2020 20/20 5 206 2 6 20/6 202 20/2 20/

RESUMO: Descreve-se o primeiro caso de pitiose rinofacial com disseminação em um equino adulto no Uruguai. O animal apresentava uma massa parcialmente circunscrita medindo 30 x 23 x 9 cm acometendo o lado direito da face e com envolvimento dos tecidos cutâneo, subcutâneo e muscular, cavidade nasal direita e estruturas adjacentes. Os principais achados patológicos incluem a formação de kunkers microscopicamente caracterizados por dermatite piogranulomatosa e eosinofilica, reação de Splendore-Hoeppli, e numerosas hifas intralesionais imunomarcadas com anticorpo policlonal anti-Pythium insidiosum. Lesões semelhantes foram observadas no pulmão e nos linfonodos submandibulares. O diagnóstico foi baseado nas lesões histológicas características e imunomarcação com anticorpo anti-P. insidiosum. RESUMO Descrevese Descreve se Uruguai 3 2 cutâneo muscular adjacentes eosinofilica SplendoreHoeppli, SplendoreHoeppli Splendore Hoeppli, Hoeppli Splendore-Hoeppli antiPythium anti Pythium insidiosum submandibulares antiP. antiP P. P anti-P

ABSTRACT: We described the first case of rhinofacial pythiosis with dissemination in an adult horse in Uruguay. The affected horse presented a partially circumscribed mass measuring 30 x 23 x 9 cm affecting the right side of the face with involvement of cutaneous, subcutaneous, and muscular tissues, the right nasal cavity, and adjacent structures. At postmortem examination, the main lesions were “kunkers” characterized by pyogranulomatous and eosinophilic dermatitis, Splendore-Hoeppli reaction and numerous intralesional hyphae immunolabeling with polyclonal anti-Pythium insidiosum antibody. Similar lesions were observed in the lung and submandibular lymph nodes. The diagnosis was made by the characteristic histological lesions and the strong immunolabelling by anti-P. insidiosum antibody. ABSTRACT Uruguay 3 2 cutaneous subcutaneous tissues cavity structures examination kunkers “kunkers dermatitis SplendoreHoeppli Splendore Hoeppli antiPythium anti Pythium antibody nodes antiP. antiP P. P anti-P

ABSTRACT A young woman presented at our clinic with sudden visual loss in the right eye, recurrent vertigo, and right-sided tinnitus. We performed a complete ophthalmological evaluation. This revealed effects of the condition on the small arterioles of the peripheral retina. Susac syndrome is characterized by the clinical triad of retinal arteriolar occlusions, cochleovestibular manifestations, and encephalopathy (which can be identified by neuroimaging abnormalities). Early diagnosis and immunosuppressive therapy improved the patient's visual acuity and the remission of her other symptoms. Hemi-central retinal artery occlusion is an atypical neuro-ophthalmological finding in this disease. However, its identification as a sign of Susac syndrome may facilitate timely diagnosis and accurate treatment. eye vertigo rightsided sided tinnitus evaluation retina occlusions manifestations which abnormalities. abnormalities . abnormalities) patients patient s symptoms Hemicentral Hemi central neuroophthalmological neuro disease However treatment

This study investigated the convergence between acts of writing and game-based learning in the context of health research in a public university. While writing is traditionally used to transmit scientific knowledge and research, game-based learning emerges as an alternative interactive and engaging approach. We examined the strengths and challenges of integrating this approach into the post-graduation course. Strengths include improved understanding of complex concepts, increased student engagement and promotion of creativity, while challenges include finding the right balance between academic rigidity and game-based learning, guaranteeing scientific precision in a game-based learning context and overcoming potential institutional resistance. Our findings highlight the importance of exploring innovative teaching and communication strategies on post-graduation health courses aimed at enhancing student training and promoting broader dissemination of scientific knowledge.

Este artigo investiga a convergência entre os atos de escrever e jogar no contexto da pesquisa em saúde em uma universidade pública. Enquanto a escrita é tradicionalmente utilizada para transmitir conhecimentos científicos e pesquisas, o jogo emerge como uma abordagem alternativa, interativa e engajadora. Essa pesquisa examina as potencialidades e os desafios de integração entre essas práticas na Pós-Graduação. As potencialidades incluem a melhoria da compreensão de conceitos complexos, o aumento do engajamento dos estudantes e a promoção da criatividade. No entanto, os desafios incluem encontrar o equilíbrio entre a rigidez acadêmica e a ludicidade, garantir a precisão científica no contexto lúdico e superar possíveis resistências institucionais. Este estudo destaca a importância de explorar estratégias inovadoras de ensino e comunicação na Pós-Graduação em Saúde, visando aprimorar a formação dos estudantes e promover maior disseminação do conhecimento científico.

Este artículo investiga la convergencia entre los actos de escribir y jugar en el contexto de la investigación en salud en una universidad pública. Mientras que la escritura se utiliza tradicionalmente para transmitir conocimientos científicos e investigaciones, el juego surge como un abordaje alternativo, interactivo y comprometedor. Esta investigación examina las potencialidades y los desafíos de integración entre esas prácticas en el postgrado. Las potencialidades incluyen la mejora de la comprensión de conceptos complejos, el aumento del compromiso de los estudiantes y la promoción de la creatividad. No obstante, los desafíos incluyen encontrar el equilibrio entre la rigidez académica y lo lúdico, asegurar la precisión científica en el contexto lúdico y superar posibles resistencias institucionales. Este estudio subraya la importancia de explorar estrategias innovadoras de enseñanza y comunicación en el postgrado en salud, con el objetivo de perfeccionar la formación de los estudiantes y promover una mayor difusión del conocimiento científico.

Abstract In recent years, several emblematic cases of girls pregnant due to rape have occupied the Brazilian news. The obstacles they faced to access the right to abortion mobilized the public debate, especially through social networks. In this context, using a theoretical-analytical framework in relation to the narrative disputes and framing of social movements in networks, this article analyzes two of the most recent widely known cases on Twitter/X. To do so, quantitative and qualitative methodologies are employed. On the one hand, message exchange networks are analyzed, along with their influence and contagion relationships and automation in Twitter/X. On the other hand, narratives are categorized based on topic modelling combined with qualitative analysis, highlighting narratives for and against abortion rights in order to understand how the social imaginary is disputed in networks. It is concluded that the narratives for sexual and reproductive rights were successful in influencing the public sphere and in promoting ideas with positive effects for guaranteeing victims’ rights. However, these same narratives reproduced a moral dichotomy between “good” and “bad” abortions. Thus, it is necessary to overcome such antagonisms so that all people may have reproductive freedom in the future.

Resumen En los últimos años, varios casos emblemáticos de niñas embarazadas debido a violaciones han ocupado las noticias brasileñas. Los obstáculos que ellas enfrentaron para acceder al derecho al aborto movilizaron el debate público, especialmente a través de las redes sociales. En este contexto, utilizando un marco teórico- analítico sobre las disputas narrativas y los encuadres de los movimientos sociales en las redes, en este artículo se analiza el abordaje en Twitter/X de dos de los principales casos más recientes. Para ello, se emplean metodologías cuantitativas y cualitativas. Por un lado, se analizan las redes de intercambio de mensajes, sus relaciones de influencia y contagio y la automatización. Por otro, se categorizan las narrativas a partir de topic modelling combinada con el análisis cualitativo y poniendo énfasis en las narrativas a favor y en contra del derecho al aborto para entender cómo se disputa el imaginario social en las redes. Se concluye que las narrativas por los derechos sexuales y reproductivos tuvieron éxito en influir en la esfera pública y en promover ideas con efectos positivos para la garantía de los derechos de las víctimas. Sin embargo, esas mismas narrativas reprodujeron una dicotomía moral entre abortos “buenos” y “malos”. Por ello, se requiere superar tales antagonismos para que todas las personas tengan libertad reproductiva en un futuro.

Abstract Articulating the ethics of care and cyberfeminism, this article analyzes how imaginaries about abortion and access to abortion have changed in the central highlands of Ecuador. For this purpose, a qualitative methodology is used through semi-structured interviews with a group of young Indigenous women leaders in the province of Chimborazo. In this province, abortion has gradually ceased to be a latent and silenced issue in community agendas and has become part of the conversations of women’s groups. The article illustrates how the influence of the fourth wave of feminism and the Green Wave movement, linked to the use of social networks, has permeated certain community discourses and has influenced the possibility for young Indigenous women in this province to access information and to exercise, in the company of other women, their right to abortion. In this sense, it is concluded that the use of online social networks promotes the weaving of offline networks, which allows women, beyond their geographical location, to have more access to information and, therefore, more possibility of exercising their sexual and reproductive rights.

Resumen Articulando la ética del cuidado y el ciberfeminismo, en este artículo se analiza cómo han cambiado los imaginarios sobre el aborto y el acceso al mismo en la Sierra central del Ecuador. Para ello se emplea una metodología cualitativa a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a un grupo de jóvenes lideresas indígenas en la provincia de Chimborazo. En dicha provincia el aborto ha ido dejando poco a poco de ser un tema latente y silenciado en las agendas comunitarias, para convertirse en parte de las conversaciones de los grupos de mujeres. Se ilustra cómo la influencia de la cuarta ola del feminismo y del movimiento Marea Verde, ligada al uso de las redes sociales, ha permeado ciertos discursos comunitarios y ha incidido en la posibilidad de que las jóvenes indígenas de esta provincia accedan a información y puedan ejercer, en compañía de otras mujeres, su derecho al aborto. En este sentido, se concluye que el uso de las redes sociales online promueve el tejido de redes offline, lo cual permite a las mujeres, más allá de su ubicación geográfica, tener más acceso a información y, por tanto, más posibilidad de ejercer sus derechos sexuales y reproductivos.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Minimally invasive radical nephrectomy is often preferred for larger renal tumours not suitable for partial nephrectomy (1). When performed with a multiport robot, the procedure is routinely performed with a transperitoneal approach, with recent studies highlighting important factors for surgical outcomes, including predictive factors (2), segmental artery unclamping techniques (3), and comparisons of robotic techniques (4). This video shows that SP Robot-Assisted Radical Nephrectomy (RARN) via a lower anterior approach is valuable in challenging cases. Materials and Methods: We performed SP-RARN on two complex patients using a retroperitoneal lower anterior approach. The first patient, a 54-year-old female with a BMI of 36.8 kg/m2, had a ventral hernia and bowel obstruction history, with a 9 cm right middle kidney mass. The second patient, a 58-year-old male with a BMI of 31.19 kg/m2, had ESRD and was on peritoneal dialysis for 8 years, with a 3.4x3.7 cm mass in the right superior pole, suspected to be RCC. The surgical technique is detailed in the video. Results: Both procedures were successful, with operative times of 173 and 203 minutes and blood loss of 150 mL. No complications occurred. Patients were discharged after 31 and 38 hours, respectively. Histopathology confirmed RCC. At the 3-month follow-up, no complications or readmissions were reported. Second patient continued peritoneal dialysis without issues. Conclusion: Retroperitoneal SP-RARN via the lower anterior approach avoids the peritoneal cavity, making it suitable for certain patients. In these patients, more so than in others, this procedure is feasible, safe, and less morbid than the standard multiport approach. Purpose 1. 1 . (1) robot outcomes 2, 2 , (2) 3, 3 (3) 4. 4 (4) RobotAssisted Robot Assisted RARN (RARN cases Methods SPRARN 54yearold yearold 54 year old 368 36 36. kgm2 kgm kg m2 m kg/m2 history 58yearold 58 3119 19 31.1 years 34x37 x 4x3 7 3.4x3. pole RCC Results successful 17 20 15 mL occurred hours respectively 3month month followup, followup follow up, up follow-up reported issues Conclusion cavity others feasible safe (1 (2 (3 (4 5 kg/m 311 31. 34x3 4x 3.4x3 ( 34x 3.4x

Abstract: To complete two previous investigations about the writ of mandamus or injunction -excluding those writs to deliver medication or special medical treatments-, the jurisprudence of the last two years was reviewed from both the First Instance Courts of Montevideo and the Appeal Courts. It broke off with clearly discouraging results because Uruguayan courts have very restrictive criteria regarding de admissibility of this constitutional and international guarantee and a surprising situation was reached: just as most petitions for protection are rejected by the courts, the opposite happens when a petition for protection is filed for medical reasons. An attempt was made to find some causes for this difference in criteria

Resumo: Com o objetivo de complementar duas pesquisas anteriores referentes a ações de amparo, mas que excluíam naquelas ocasiões as que tinham como objetivo a obtenção de medicamentos ou tratamentos especiais, foi analisada a jurisprudência de primeira e segunda instância de Montevidéu dos comumente chamados “amparos médicos” nos últimos dois anos. Partiu-se de resultados claramente desanimadores sobre o funcionamento desta garantia constitucional e internacional, chegando-se a uma situação surpreendente: enquanto as ações de amparo são em sua maioria rejeitadas pelos tribunais, o contrário acontece com os amparos médicos. Buscou-se identificar algumas causas dessas diferenças de critérios

Resumen: A los efectos de completar dos investigaciones anteriores referidas a acciones de amparo, pero excluyendo en aquellas oportunidades a los que tenían por objeto la obtención de medicamentos o tratamientos especiales, se relevó la jurisprudencia de primera y segunda instancia de Montevideo de los comúnmente llamados “amparos médicos” en los últimos dos años. Se partió de resultados claramente desalentadores respecto al funcionamiento de esta garantía constitucional e internacional, y se llegó a una situación sorprendente: así como las acciones de amparo son mayoritariamente rechazadas por los tribunales, con los amparos médicos ocurre lo contrario. Se intentó encontrar algunas causas de estas diferencias de criterios

Resumen En el artículo se examina la relación entre la migración interna de NNA (niños, niñas y adolescentes) y la asistencia escolar en la entidad fronteriza de Baja California, México. Se combina el análisis de los microdatos del Censo de Población 2020 con la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas a docentes que atendieron a este sector entre 2015 y 2022. Los NNA migrantes internos presentan desventajas en la asistencia escolar y las brechas aumentan si la migración es reciente y si los padres trabajan en la agricultura. Ser indígena es un factor protector de la asistencia escolar para los migrantes no recientes, pero de riesgo para los migrantes recientes; esto último coincide con las percepciones docentes. Estos señalan que existen barreras tanto socioeconómicas como del contexto educativo que limitan la inserción escolar de estos migrantes. El Estado tiene aún pendiente garantizar el derecho pleno a la educación de los migrantes internos.

Abstract The article examines the relationship between internal migration of children and adolescents and school enrollment in the border state of Baja California, Mexico. This research combines the analysis of the 2020 Population Census microdata and semi-structured interviews with teachers who served this sector between 2015 and 2022. Internal migrant children have disadvantages in school enrollment, and the gaps increase if the migration is recent, and if the parents work in agriculture. Being indigenous is a protective factor for school attendance among non-recent migrants, but a risk factor among recent migrants; the latter is consistent with teachers’ perceptions. Teachers point out that there are both socioeconomic and educational context barriers that limit the school integration of these migrants. The State still has to guarantee the full right to education for internal migrants.

ABSTRACT This paper will address the understanding of the right to political participation of Afro-Colombian women from different social scenarios, around what was stated in the Peace Agreement and its implementation, in order to understand the possible tension between state law, and the non-state, from a perspective of legal pluralism, based on interviews and documentary review in Afro feminist organizations. The document is qualitative, whose instrument is the semi-structured interview and includes three analytical axes to meet the objective of the research. The first part addresses the legal framework for the implementation of the agreements in general. In the second chapter, the testimonies, ideas and feelings of the communities of Afro women described are collected, regarding the implementation of point two of the Final Agreement; and in the third part it addresses the concept of legal pluralism as an axis of interpretation of the peace agreement on the right to political participation.

RESUMEN En el presente escrito se abordará la comprensión del derecho a la participación política de las mujeres afrocolombianas desde diferentes escenarios sociales, en torno a lo planteado en el Acuerdo de Paz y su implementación, con el fin de entender la posible tensión entre el derecho estatal y el no estatal, desde una perspectiva del pluralismo jurídico, a partir de entrevistas y revisión documental en organizaciones feministas afro. El documento es de corte cualitativo, cuyo instrumento es la entrevista semiestructurada, y comprende tres ejes analíticos para cumplir con el objetivo de la investigación. En la primera parte se aborda el marco jurídico de la implementación de los acuerdos en general; en el segundo capítulo se recogen los testimonios, ideas y sentires de las comunidades de mujeres afro descritas, sobre la implementación del punto dos del Acuerdo Final; y en la tercera parte se aborda el concepto de pluralismo jurídico como eje de interpretación del Acuerdo de Paz sobre el derecho a la participación política.