Abstract Introduction: Current evidence seems to suggest the persistence of long-term multisystemic sequelae in COVID-19 survivors. The evolution of symptoms after the acute phase is still uncertain, as is their real impact. Methods: This prospective observational study began during the first phase of the pandemic in Portugal and sought to follow patients hospitalized with COVID-19 for two years after discharge, analyzing potential pulmonary sequelae. To date, there have been no similar studies in Portugal. Results: The study included 36 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between 1 March and 30 June 2020. Dyspnea was found to be the most prevalent and persistent respiratory symptom during follow-up. Regarding computed tomography changes, the most frequently described were ground glass and fibrotic changes, with improvement over one year of follow-up less evident in the case of fibrotic changes. Of particular note was the diagnosis of a case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis associated with COVID-19, a rare entity, but one that has already been described in the literature. Changes in echocardiograms or respiratory function tests were rarely documented. Conclusion: Given the small sample size, further prospective studies will be needed to clarify. The results reflect the difficulties encountered in carrying out research during the pandemic period, which conditioned the design and realization of the study, but which will certainly serve as an example and support in similar crises in the future.

Resumo Introdução: A evidência atual parece sugerir a persistência de sequelas multissistémicas a longo prazo nos sobreviventes à COVID-19. É ainda incerta qual a evolução da sintomatologia após a fase aguda, bem como o seu impacto real. Métodos: Este trabalho observacional prospetivo teve início na primeira fase da pandemia em Portugal, e procurou acompanhar doentes hospitalizados com COVID-19 durante dois anos após alta, analisando as potenciais sequelas pulmonares. Até à data desconhecem-se estudos semelhantes em Portugal. Resultados: O estudo incluiu 36 doentes hospitalizados por COVID-19 entre 1 de março e 30 de junho de 2020. Verificou-se que a dispneia foi o sintoma respiratório mais prevalente e persistente durante o seguimento. Relativamente às alterações na tomografia computorizada as mais frequentemente descritas foram o vidro despolido e alterações fibróticas, com melhoria ao longo de um ano de seguimento menos evidente no caso das alterações fibróticas. Destaca-se diagnóstico de um caso de proteinose alveolar pulmonar associado à COVID-19, uma entidade rara, mas já descrita na literatura. Raramente foram documentadas alterações no ecocardiograma ou nas provas funcionais respiratórias. Conclusão: Atendendo à pequena amostra, mais es-tudos prospetivos serão necessários para esclarecimento. Os resultados refletem as dificuldades encontradas na exe-cução de um trabalho de investigação durante o período pandémico, que condicionou o desenho e concretização do estudo, mas que certamente servirão de exemplo e apoio em situações de crises semelhantes, no futuro.

ABSTRACT Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections constitute a significant cause of morbidity, hospitalization, school and work absenteeism, as well as mortality worldwide, including in Paraguay. Currently, tools for RSV prevention are available. In 2012, Paraguay approved the use of palivizumab (MedImmune, USA), a monoclonal antibody produced through recombinant DNA technology. This antibody is administered in 5 doses, every 30 days and is indicated in infants born prematurely and those with cardiopulmonary disorders. Furthermore, a novel tool for RSV prevention has recently become available. Nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody specific to the prefusion conformation of the F protein, has been approved by both the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This monoclonal antibody is indicated for the prevention of acute lower respiratory tract infections caused by RSV in newborns and infants born during or entering their first RSV season, as well as in premature infants and infants up to 24 months of age who remain vulnerable to severe RSV disease during their second RSV season. After analyzing the epidemiological situation of RSV in our country and evaluating the evidence of efficacy, efficiency, and effectiveness of this monoclonal antibody, academic institutions, scientific societies, and non-governmental and governmental organizations developed consensus guidelines on a new prevention alternative for the prevention of RSV infections, suggesting the incorporation of Nirsevimab in children under 12 months of age before their first RSV season and replacing Palivizumab. The new monoclonal has the potential to change the panorama of RSV infections in infants and produce an impact on the reduction of infant mortality and morbidity reducing the burden on the health system by decreasing hospital bed occupancy both in wards and in intensive care units, as well as the decrease in the burden on caregivers, physicians and health care providers.

RESUMEN Las infecciones por el VSR en constituyen una causa importante de morbilidad, hospitalización, ausentismo escolar y laboral, así como de mortalidad, en el mundo, así como en el Paraguay.En la actualidad, existen herramientas para la prevención del VSR. En el año 2012, el Paraguay, ha incorporado el palivizumab (MedImmune, EE. UU.), anticuerpo monoclonal, producido por tecnología de DNA recombinante. Este anticuerpo se administra en 5 dosis, cada 30 días y está indicado en lactantes nacidos prematuros y aquellos con trastornos cardiopulmonares. Por otro lado, actualmente se cuenta con una nueva herramienta para la prevención del VSR. El anticuerpo monoclonal de vida media prolongada Nirsevimab, específico para la conformación de prefusión de la proteína F, aprobado por EMA y FDA. Este monoclonal, está indicado para la prevención de las Infecciones respiratorias agudas bajas, causada por VSR en recién nacidos y lactantes nacidos durante o al ingresar a su primera temporada de VSR, en prematuros y lactantes hasta los 24 meses de edad que siguen siendo vulnerables a la enfermedad grave por VSR durante su segunda temporada de VSR. Luego de analizar la situación epidemiológica del VSR en el país así como la evidencia de eficacia, eficiencia y efectividad de este monoclonal; instituciones académicas, sociedades científicas, organizaciones no gubernamentales y gubernamentales se reunieron y elaboraron un consenso interinstitucional para la prevención de las infecciones por VSR, sugiriendo la incorporación del Nirsevimab, en menores de 12 meses de edad antes de su primera temporada de VSR y en reemplazo del Palivizumab, debido a que el nuevo monoclonal tiene el potencial de cambiar el panorama de las infecciones por VSR en el lactante y producir un impacto en la reducción la mortalidad y morbilidad infantil; reduciendo la carga al sistema de salud, en lo que se refiere a la disminución de la ocupación de camas hospitalarias tanto en sala como en unidades de cuidados intensivos, así como la disminución de la carga para los cuidadores, médicos y proveedores de atención médica y la mortalidad infantil.

Resumen La contaminación ambiental es uno de los factores que favorece el estrés oxidante, ya que expone al organismo a materiales diversos que generan radicales libres y afectan al sistema respiratorio, cardiovascular, inmunológico y nervioso de las personas más vulnerables como los niños, adultos mayores y personas con enfermedades crónicas. Para prevenir o reducir el estrés oxidante, el cual es un desequilibrio entre la producción de radicales libres y la capacidad del organismo de neutralizarlo, se recomienda consumir una dieta equilibrada y rica en antioxidantes naturales los cuales se encuentran diversos alimentos, especialmente en frutas y verduras con colores intensos, en las semillas y las especias. En las últimas décadas se ha demostrado la eficacia del consumo de antioxidantes naturales como: el resveratrol vino, el café, la curcumina, el ajo, la vitamina C, la vitamina E y el té verde que presentan efectos benéficos como: proteger membranas celulares, regular la expresión de genes relacionados con la inflamación, prevenir o reducir el daño endotelial, disminuir la frecuencia o severidad de enfermedades neurodegenerativas, hepáticas y pulmonares, así como estimular al sistema inmunológico.

Abstract Environmental pollution can promote oxidative stress by exposing the body to various elements and substances that generate free radicals, such as lead and vanadium. These free radicals can negatively impact the respiratory, cardiovascular, immune, and neurological systems of vulnerable populations, including children, the elderly, and those with chronic diseases. To prevent or reduce oxidative stress, it is recommended to consume a balanced diet rich in natural antioxidants. These antioxidants can be found in various foods, especially in fruits and vegetables with intense colors, seeds, and spices. In recent decades, the effectiveness of consuming natural antioxidants such as resveratrol found in wine, coffee, curcumin, garlic, vitamin C, vitamin E, and green tea has been demonstrated. These antioxidants have beneficial effects on the body, including the protection of cell membranes, regulation of gene expression associated with inflammation, prevention or reduction of endothelial damage, and the decrease or diminished severity of neurodegeneration, liver, and pulmonary disorders. Additionally, they stimulate the immune response.

Summary This article presents botanical and medical knowledge in the department of Artigas, Uruguay. The research was carried out between 2017 and 2018. Information through observations and interviews with different social actors linked to the practice of popular medicine was collected to systematize and analyze. In Artigas, 142 plant species belonging to 65 botanical families were identified, with Asteraceae, Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Apiaceae and Lamiaceae as the most recurrent ones. Of these species 131 are used as medicinal. The remaining have other ethnobotanical uses, such as food, seasoning, timber, body paint, and native traditions. Medicinal plants are mainly used to treat disorders of the digestive system (23%), sensory system (13%), genitourinary system (12%) and respiratory system (11%). The main form of consumption is through infusion (46%) and the part used are mainly leaves (48%) Likewise, a great diversity of popular medicine practices were identified, resulting in an ethnomedicine characterized on the use of medicinal plants.

Resumen Este artículo registra saberes botánicos y médicos en el departamento de Artigas, Uruguay. La investigación se llevó a cabo entre los años 2017 y 2018. Mediante observaciones y entrevistas a diferentes actores sociales vinculados a la práctica de la medicina popular, se logró recabar información para su posterior sistematización y análisis. En Artigas fueron identificadas 142 plantas pertenecientes a 65 familias botánicas, siendo las familias Asteraceae, Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Apiaceae y Lamiaceae las más recurrentes. De estas especies, 131 son utilizadas como medicinales. Las restantes plantas poseen otros usos etnobotánicos como ser alimentos, condimento, maderable, pintura corporal y usos indígenas. Las plantas medicinales son utilizadas principalmente para tratar afecciones del sistema digestivo (23%), sistema sensorial (13%), sistema genitourinario (12%) y sistema respiratorio (11%). La principal forma de consumo es a través de la infusión (46%) y la parte utilizada principalmente es la hoja (48%). Asimismo, fueron identificadas una gran diversidad de prácticas de la medicina popular, dando como resultado una etnomedicina caracterizada en base al uso de plantas medicinales.

Abstract Introduction: Dietary intake is insufficient to provide adequate levels of vitamin D during the first year of life and supplementation is required. The main function of calcitriol is to regulate calcium-phosphorus metabolism. Its deficiency can lead to hypocalcemia with severe clinical manifestations. Case Report: A six-month-old melanodermic female infant, exclusively breastfed until five months of age without cholecalciferol supplementation, was admitted for respiratory distress that progressed to severe bradycardia requiring resuscitation. Cardiac ultrasound was compatible with dilated cardiomyopathy, and the girl was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. She later developed seizures, and neuroimaging was compatible with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Laboratory studies revealed hypovitaminosis D and hypocalcemia. Replacement therapy was initiated. Due to lack of improvement and poor prognosis, palliative care was provided, and the patient eventually died. Discussion/Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation in the first year of life is essential to prevent calcium-phosphorus metabolism disorders and secondary cardiomyopathy, cardiogenic shock, and even death.

Resumo Introdução: A alimentação é insuficiente para garantir níveis adequados de vitamina D no primeiro ano de vida, sendo necessária suplementação. A principal função do calcitriol é regular o metabolismo fosfo-cálcico. O seu défice pode resultar em hipocalcemia com manifestações clínicas graves. Caso Clínico: Uma lactente de seis meses do sexo feminino, melanodérmica, sob aleitamento materno exclusivo até aos cinco meses sem suplementação com colecalciferol, foi admitida por dificuldade respiratória que progrediu para episódios de bradicardia grave com necessidade de reanimação. O ecocardiograma mostrou miocardiopatia dilatada e a lactente foi internada na Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos. Teve vários episódios convulsivos e a avaliação neuroimagiológica foi sugestiva de encefalopatia hipóxico-isquémica. Analiticamente, tinha hipovitaminose D e hipocalcemia. Foi iniciada terapêutica de reposição, mas devido à ausência de melhoria e ao mau prognóstico, foram oferecidos cuidados paliativos e a lactente acabou por falecer. Discussão/Conclusão: A suplementação com vitamina D durante o primeiro ano de vida é essencial para prevenir alterações do metabolismo fosfo-cálcico associadas a miocardiopatia, choque cardiogénico e até morte.

ABSTRACT SARS-CoV-2 and its consequences constitute a challenge for global public health. The impact on the structure-function relationship at the lung level is an area of active research, where post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis stands out worryingly. CIMAvax-EGF® is a vaccine that induces a powerful anti-EGF immune response and is used in the treatment of oncological diseases such as lung neoplasms. Clinical trials have demonstrated a strong safety profile, despite this being a vulnerable population. Among the key molecular pathways in fibrosis, transforming growth factor beta stands out for its role, based on its critical activity in myofibroblastic transformation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition; at the molecular level, signaling mediated by the epidermal growth factor receptor is a point of confluence between fibrosis and neoplasms of epithelial origin. In this context, the results of the introduction of CIMAvax-EGF® in the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung neoplasia suggest a clinically significant containment effect. In this manuscript, we address, based on experimental and clinical evidence, the assumptions that rationally justify a measurable therapeutic benefit in patients with post-COVID-19 respiratory disorders, with the use of CIMAvax-EGF®.

RESUMEN El SARS-CoV-2 y sus secuelas se constituyen reto para la salud pública global. La repercusión sobre la relación estructura-función a nivel pulmonar, es un área de investigación activa, donde la fibrosis pulmonar pos-COVID-19 destaca preocupantemente. CIMAvax-EGF® es un vacunal inductor de una potente respuesta inmune anti-EGF y es empleada en el tratamiento de enfermedades oncológicas como las neoplasias de pulmón. Los ensayos clínicos han demostrado un sólido perfil de seguridad, a pesar de ser esta una población vulnerable. Entre las rutas moleculares calves en la fibrosis, destaca por su rol el factor de crecimiento transformante beta, en base a su actividad crítica en la trasformación miofibroblástica y la transición epitelio-mesénquima; a nivel molecular la señalización mediada por el receptor de factor de crecimiento epidérmico es un punto de confluencia entre la fibrosis y las neoplasias de origen epitelial. En este contexto los resultados de la introducción de CIMAvax-EGF® en el tratamiento de pacientes con neoplasia de pulmón de células no pequeñas avanzada, sugieren un efecto de contención clínicamente significativo. En este manuscrito abordamos, en base a evidencias experimentales y clínicas, los supuestos que justifican racionalmente un beneficio terapéutico medible en pacientes con trastornos respiratorios post-COVID-19, con el uso de CIMAvax-EGF®.

Abstract Sleep disorders are common in children and affect neurological development with important cognitive, emotional and behavioral repercussions. There is a high prevalence of sleep disorders (SD) in neurodevelop mental disorders (NDD) such as autism spectrum dis order (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Sleep disorders in pediatric population have a prevalence of 6-25%, while in children with NDD this number rises to 50-80%. In NDDs, higher rates of dif ficulties in falling asleep, nocturnal awakenings and daytime sleepiness are observed. Disturbances in the circadian rhythm as well as respiratory sleep disorders are also observed. Consequently, there is a decrease in alertness for daytime activities with increased be havioral disorders, emotional problems and academic difficulties associated with executive and memory dys functions. Sleep assessment has to be a systemic part in the clinical evaluation of children with NDDs, so as to give a convenient diagnosis and treatment in each case, allowing to improve the quality of life of children and their families.

Resumen Los trastornos del sueño son frecuentes en niños y afectan al desarrollo neurológico, con importante repercusión cognitiva, emocional y conductual. Existe una alta prevalencia de trastornos del sueño (TS) en los trastornos del neurodesarrollo (TND), como trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) y trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH). Los TS en población pediá trica tienen una prevalencia del 6-25%, mientras que en los niños con TND esta cifra asciende al 50-80%. En los TND se observa un incremento de las dificultades para conciliar el sueño, de los despertares nocturnos y de la somnolencia diurna. Así mismo, presentan alteracio nes del ritmo circadiano y trastornos respiratorios del sueño. Como consecuencia se produce una reducción de la alerta para las actividades diarias con incremento de trastornos conductuales, problemas emocionales y dificultades académicas asociadas a disfunciones eje cutivas y de memoria. La evaluación del sueño debe formar parte sistemática en la valoración clínica de los niños con TND, con el fin de realizar un diagnóstico y un tratamiento adecuados a cada caso, permitiendo mejorar la calidad de vida del niño y de su familia.

RESUMEN Introducción: El empleo del ozono como agente terapéutico es uno de los descubrimientos más notables en la medicina alternativa. A pesar de su extendido uso, es tóxico por vía inhalatoria, la exposición a este gas puede producir, daños de la vía respiratoria superior y del epitelio bronquial. Objetivo: Evaluar la exposición ocupacional a ozono en áreas de tratamiento de ozonoterapia de La Habana. Métodos: Estudio exploratorio descriptivo, se estudiaron 21 trabajadores de 16 áreas de tratamiento de ozonoterapia, se les realizaron análisis clínicos, incluyendo ceruloplasmina, además de pruebas funcionales ventilatorias. Se determinaron las concentraciones de ozono en el aire del ambiente laboral en 29 áreas de tratamiento. Resultados: La insuflación rectal fue la forma de aplicación más utilizada. El 42,8 % refirieron padecer de rinitis alérgica, seguido de gripes frecuentes y de asma bronquial. El 33,3 % de los valores de la ceruloplasmina resultaron alterados. Los resultados de las pruebas funcionales ventilatorias mostraron que el 28,6 % de los trabajadores presentaron patrón obstructivo. En la evaluación ambiental se reportaron 2 centros de salud con concentraciones promedio por encima de los límites admisibles. Conclusiones: La hipertensión arterial y la rinitis alérgica fueron las patologías más frecuentes. Las cifras de ceruloplasmina alteradas se presentaron en trabajadores con mayor tiempo de exposición. Los trastornos ventilatorios obstructivos observados, coinciden con las patologías respiratorias referidas por los trabajadores. El 93,1 % de los valores de concentración promedio, en el aire de la zona de trabajo, se comportó por debajo de los límites admisibles.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The use of ozone as a therapeutic agent is one of the most notable discoveries in alternative medicine. Despite its widespread use, it is toxic by inhalation; exposure to this gas can cause damage to the upper respiratory tract and bronchial epithelium. Objective: To evaluate occupational exposure to ozone in ozone therapy treatment areas of Havana. Methods: Descriptive exploratory study, 21 workers from 16 ozone therapy treatment areas were studied, clinical analyzes were performed, including ceruloplasmin, in addition to ventilatory functional tests. Ozone concentrations in the air of the work environment were determined in 29 treatment areas. Results: Rectal insufflation was the most used form of application. 42.8% reported suffering from allergic rhinitis, followed by frequent flu and bronchial asthma. 33.3% of ceruloplasmin values were altered. The results of the ventilatory functional tests showed that 28.6% of the workers presented an obstructive pattern. In the environmental evaluation, 2 health centers were reported with average concentrations above the admissible limits. Conclusions: High blood pressure and allergic rhinitis were the most frequent pathologies. The altered ceruloplasmin levels occurred in workers with longer exposure times. The obstructive ventilatory disorders observed coincide with the respiratory pathologies reported by the workers. 93.1% of the average concentration values, in the air of the work area, were below the permissible limits.

Exercise respiratory symptomatology is frequent in young athletes. In these patients, bronchoconstriction during exercise with or without asthma, the laryngeal obstruction induced by exercise and respiratory pattern disorders in the exercise are the three conditions that must be investigated. In differential diagnosis, organic or structural thoracic or extrathoracic causes should be ruled out. The study is complex but useful to confirm the diagnosis of any of the three conditions. The treatment must be multidisciplinary with individual approach.

Resumen La sintomatología respiratoria relacionada con el ejercicio es frecuente en atletas jóvenes. En estos pacientes la broncoconstricción durante el ejercicio con o sin asma, la obstrucción laríngea inducida por el ejercicio y los trastornos del patrón respiratorio en el ejercicio son las tres condiciones que deben ser investigadas. En el diagnostico diferencial se deben descartar causas torácicas o extratorácicas orgánicas o estructurales. El estudio es complejo pero útil para confirmar el diagnóstico cualquiera de las tres condiciones. El tratamiento debe ser multidisciplinario con enfoque individual.

Abstract Since ancient times, medicinal plants have been a very important resources in the daily life of the Peruvian population, research related to this resource being of importance. This study aimed to conduct an ethnobotanical investigation and determine the cultural importance of medicinal plants in the Quinua district (Huamanga, Ayacucho). Specimens of wild medicinal flora were collected, and open and semi-structured interviews were conducted with the local residents. A total of 115 medicinal plant species were identified, grouped into 44 families and 90 genera. The families with the highest representation of species were Asteraceae (33 spp.), Fabaceae (10 spp.), Lamiaceae (seven spp.), and Solanaceae (five spp.). A total of 17 subcategories of ailments and/or diseases are registered, with disorders of the digestive system, genitourinary system, inflammations, musculoskeletal system, respiratory system, and cultural syndromes having the highest number of species, with 101, 76, 76, 64, 59, and 50 species, respectively. The most culturally important medicinal plants identified were Urtica urens, Equisetum bogotense, Plantago major, Oenothera rosea, Tara spinosa, Ambrosia arborescens, Clinopodium brevicalyx, Lupinus ballianus, Schinus molle, and Clinopodium breviflorum. In conclusion, the residents of the Quinua district possess extensive knowledge of medicinal plants and continue to use them within traditional medicine.

Resumen Desde tiempos remotos las plantas medicinales han constituido un recurso muy importante en la vida diaria del poblador peruano, por ello la importancia de estudios relacionados a este recurso. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo realizar un estudio etnobotánico y determinar la importancia cultural de las plantas medicinales del distrito de Quinua (Huamanga, Ayacucho). Se recolectaron especímenes de la flora medicinal silvestre y se formularon entrevistas abiertas y semiestructuradas a los pobladores del lugar. Se reportan 115 especies medicinales agrupadas en 90 géneros y 44 familias con mayor representación de especies en Asteraceae (33 spp.), Fabaceae (10 spp.), Lamiaceae (siete spp.) y Solanaceae (cinco spp.). Se registran 17 subcategorías de dolencias y/o enfermedades, siendo los trastornos del sistema digestivo, sistema genitourinario, inflamaciones, sistema músculo esquelético, sistema respiratorio y síndromes culturales los que mayor número de especies presentaron con 101, 76, 76, 64, 59 y 50 especies, respectivamente. Las plantas medicinales de mayor importancia cultural son Urtica urens, Equisetum bogotense, Plantago major, Oenothera rosea, Tara spinosa, Ambrosia arborescens, Clinopodium brevicalyx, Lupinus ballianus, Schinus molle y Clinopodium breviflorum. Finalmente, los pobladores del distrito de Quinua poseen un gran conocimiento sobre las plantas medicinales y aún las siguen utilizando dentro de la medicina tradicional.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar e analisar parâmetros de função pulmonar e de mecânica respiratória entre escolares saudáveis e com fibrose cística (FC). Métodos: Estudo transversal que incluiu escolares saudáveis (GES) e com FC (GFC), com idades entre seis e 13 anos, provenientes de instituições de ensino e de um centro de referência da FC em Florianópolis/SC, Brasil, pareados por idade e sexo, respectivamente. Inicialmente, conduziu-se avaliação antropométrica para pareamento e caracterização de ambos os grupos e, no GFC, consultou-se prontuário médico para registro dos dados de colonização bacteriana, genótipo e gravidade da doença (Escore de Schwachman-Doershuk — ESD). Para a avaliação da função pulmonar, realizou-se espirometria e a avaliação da mecânica respiratória foi conduzida por meio do sistema de oscilometria de impulso. Resultados: Participaram 110 escolares, 55 em cada grupo. No GFC, 58,2% foram classificados pelo ESD como excelentes, 49,1% apresentaram genótipo ∆F508 heterozigoto e 67,3% eram colonizados por alguma patógeno. Houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) na maioria dos parâmetros de função pulmonar e de mecânica respiratória entre os grupos. Conclusões: Escolares com FC apresentaram distúrbio ventilatório obstrutivo e com comprometimento de vias aéreas periféricas, em comparação aos escolares hígidos. Esse evento reforça o início precoce da alteração de função pulmonar e de mecânica respiratória nessa enfermidade, evidenciados pelos achados desta investigação. Objetivo FC. . (FC) Métodos GES (GES GFC , (GFC) 1 anos FlorianópolisSC Florianópolis SC Florianópolis/SC Brasil sexo respectivamente Inicialmente conduziuse conduziu se consultouse consultou bacteriana Escore SchwachmanDoershuk Schwachman Doershuk ESD. ESD) realizouse realizou impulso Resultados 11 5 grupo 582 58 2 58,2 excelentes 491 49 49,1 F508 F ∆F50 673 67 3 67,3 patógeno p<0,05 p005 p 0 05 (p<0,05 Conclusões periféricas hígidos enfermidade investigação (FC (GFC 58, 4 49, F50 ∆F5 6 67, p<0,0 p00 (p<0,0 F5 ∆F p<0, p0 (p<0, p<0 (p<0 p< (p< (p

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare and analyze pulmonary function and respiratory mechanics parameters between healthy children and children with cystic fibrosis. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study included healthy children (HSG) and children with cystic fibrosis (CFG), aged 6–13 years, from teaching institutions and a reference center for cystic fibrosis in Florianópolis/SC, Brazil. The patients were paired by age and sex. Initially, an anthropometric evaluation was undertaken to pair the sample characteristics in both groups; the medical records of CFG were consulted for bacterial colonization, genotype, and disease severity (Schwachman-Doershuk Score — SDS) data. Spirometry and impulse oscillometry were used to assess pulmonary function. Results: In total, 110 children were included, 55 in each group. In the CFG group, 58.2% were classified as excellent by SDS, 49.1% showed the ΔF508 heterozygotic genotype, and 67.3% were colonized by some pathogens. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between both groups (p<0.05) in most pulmonary function parameters and respiratory mechanics. Conclusions: Children with cystic fibrosis showed obstructive ventilatory disorders and compromised peripheral airways compared with healthy children. These findings reinforce the early changes in pulmonary function and mechanics associated with this disease. Objective Methods crosssectional cross sectional HSG (HSG CFG, , (CFG) 613 6 13 6–1 years FlorianópolisSC Florianópolis SC Florianópolis/SC Brazil sex Initially colonization genotype SchwachmanDoershuk Schwachman Doershuk SDS data Results total 11 5 group 582 58 2 58.2 491 49 1 49.1 ΔF ΔF50 673 67 3 67.3 pathogens p<0.05 p005 p 0 05 (p<0.05 Conclusions (CFG 61 6– 58. 4 49. ΔF5 67. p<0.0 p00 (p<0.0 p<0. p0 (p<0. p<0 (p<0 p< (p< (p

RESUMO: Hemoptise associada a sinais respiratórios são achados típicos de tromboembolismo da veia cava caudal (TVCC) em bovinos. Todavia, o TVCC pode estar acompanhado de um amplo espectro de sinais clínicos e lesões macroscópicas. Esse estudo tem por objetivo relatar a frequência do diagnóstico de TVCC em bovinos necropsiados no sul do Brasil e descrever os sinais clínicos, assim como achados patológicos dessa condição. De um total de 1.976 exames post-mortem realizados em bovinos no Sul do Brasil, 30 casos de TVCC foram diagnosticados (1,5%). No exame clínico, o principal curso clínico observado foi crônico (13/30), seguido do hiperagudo (7/30), agudo (4/30) e subagudo (5/30), em um caso o histórico clínico não foi fornecido. Hemoptise (17/30), dispneia (8/30) e anorexia ou hiporexia (7/30) foram os sinais clínicos mais comumente relatados. Tromboflebite séptica da veia cava caudal (24/30), abscessos hepáticos (24/30), hemorragia pulmonar (23/30) e pneumonia embólica (19/30) foram as principais lesões observadas na necropsia. Com esse trabalho conclui-se que TVCC é uma causa relevante de morte em bovinos no estado de Santa Catarina, principalmente em vacas leiteiras adultas. A doença é caracterizada por uma variedade de sinais clínicos e lesões, necessitando de atenção dos veterinários para o correto diagnóstico. Ainda, a associação entre o histórico clínico, sinais clínicos e lesões de necropsia é essencial para o diagnóstico de TVCC em bovinos. RESUMO (TVCC Todavia macroscópicas condição 1976 1 976 1.97 postmortem post mortem 3 1,5%. 15 1,5% . 5 (1,5%) 13/30, 1330 13/30 , 13 (13/30) 7/30, 730 7/30 7 4/30 430 4 (4/30 5/30, 530 5/30 (5/30) fornecido 17/30, 1730 17/30 17 (17/30) 8/30 830 8 (8/30 (7/30 relatados 24/30, 2430 24/30 24 (24/30) 23/30 2330 23 (23/30 19/30 1930 19 (19/30 concluise conclui se Catarina adultas Ainda 197 97 1.9 1,5 (1,5% 133 13/3 (13/30 73 7/3 4/3 43 (4/3 53 5/3 (5/30 173 17/3 (17/30 8/3 83 (8/3 (7/3 243 24/3 2 (24/30 23/3 233 (23/3 19/3 193 (19/3 9 1. 1, (1,5 13/ (13/3 7/ 4/ (4/ 5/ (5/3 17/ (17/3 8/ (8/ (7/ 24/ (24/3 23/ (23/ 19/ (19/ (1, (13/ (4 (5/ (17/ (8 (7 (24/ (23 (19 (1 (13 ( (5 (17 (24 (2

ABSTRACT: Hemoptysis associated with respiratory disorders are some findings of caudal vena cava thrombosis (CVCT) in cattle. Nevertheless, CVCT may be accompanied by a broad spectrum of clinical signs and gross lesions. This study reported the frequency of CVCT in cattle necropsied in Southern Brazil and described its clinical signs, as well as pathological findings. From a total of 1,976 postmortem examination reports in cattle in Southern Brazil, there were 30 cases (1.5%) of CVCT. In the clinical evaluation, the main clinical course was chronic (13/30), followed by peracute (7/30), acute (4/30), and subacute (5/30). Hemoptysis (17/30), dyspnea (8/30), and anorexia or hyporexia (7/30) were the most reported clinical signs. Septic thrombophlebitis of the caudal vena cava (24/30), hepatic abscesses (24/30), pulmonary hemorrhage (23/30), and embolic pneumonia (19/30) were the main lesions observed at the necropsy. We concluded that CVCT is a relevant cause of death in bovines from Santa Catarina state, mainly in adult dairy cows. The disease is characterized by a wide range of clinical signs and lesions, requiring attention from veterinarians for the correct diagnosis. Furthermore, the association between the clinical history, clinical signs, and lesions is essential for the diagnosis of CVCT in cattle. ABSTRACT (CVCT Nevertheless 1976 1 976 1,97 3 1.5% 15 5 (1.5% evaluation 13/30, 1330 13/30 , 13 (13/30) 7/30, 730 7/30 7 4/30, 430 4/30 4 (4/30) 5/30. 530 5/30 . (5/30) 17/30, 1730 17/30 17 (17/30) 8/30, 830 8/30 8 (8/30) (7/30 24/30, 2430 24/30 24 (24/30) 23/30, 2330 23/30 23 (23/30) 19/30 1930 19 (19/30 necropsy state cows Furthermore history 197 97 1,9 1.5 (1.5 133 13/3 (13/30 73 7/3 43 4/3 (4/30 53 5/3 (5/30 173 17/3 (17/30 83 8/3 (8/30 (7/3 243 24/3 2 (24/30 233 23/3 (23/30 19/3 193 (19/3 9 1, 1. (1. 13/ (13/3 7/ 4/ (4/3 5/ (5/3 17/ (17/3 8/ (8/3 (7/ 24/ (24/3 23/ (23/3 19/ (19/ (1 (13/ (4/ (5/ (17/ (8/ (7 (24/ (23/ (19 ( (13 (4 (5 (17 (8 (24 (23 (2

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of self-reported olfactory and taste disorders in non-hospitalized Brazilian adults who presented severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 infection symptoms and attended primary health care. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was based on a routine standardized diagnostic screening questionnaire applied in a Brazilian primary care facility. The olfactory and taste disorder occurrence was compared between severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2-positive and severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2-negative cases and described by age and sex. RESULTS: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2-positive patients had a higher proportion of self-reported olfactory and taste disorders, as compared with severe acute respiratory syndrome-negative (50.7%, vs. 20.6%, p<0.0001). Of all individuals with self-reported olfactory and taste disorder cases, 69% presented both olfactory and taste impairments, 13% olfactory only, and 17% taste only. In severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2-positive cases, the frequency of olfactory and taste disorders was significantly higher among females as compared with males (71% vs. 34%). Additionally, people with olfactory and taste disorders were significantly younger in the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2-positive group. CONCLUSION: Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders are highly common among non-hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2-positive Brazilian people who attended the Family Health Care Unit. The co-occurrence of both self-reported olfactory and taste disorders was more frequent than self-reported olfactory or taste disorders alone. OBJECTIVE selfreported self reported nonhospitalized non hospitalized syndromerelated syndrome related METHODS crosssectional cross sectional facility 2positive positive 2negative negative sex RESULTS syndromenegative 50.7%, 507 50 7 (50.7% vs 206 20 6 20.6% p<0.0001. p00001 p p<0.0001 . 0 0001 p<0.0001) 69 impairments 13 only 17 71% 71 (71 34%. 34 34% 34%) Additionally group CONCLUSION Selfreported Self Unit cooccurrence co alone 50.7% 5 (50.7 20.6 p0000 p<0.000 000 1 (7 3 50.7 (50. 20. p000 p<0.00 00 ( 50. (50 p00 p<0.0 (5 p0 p<0. p<0 p<

ABSTRACT Purpose To identify scientific evidence about (Work-Related Voice Disorder) and risk factors, as well as to point out vocal symptoms, instruments and evaluation methods in spoken voice professionals. Research strategy Integrative literature review carried out in LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE/PubMed and Scopus databases. Selection criteria Articles with spoken voice professionals, which addressed individual, organizational and/or environmental risk factors linked to symptoms and/or voice disorders, observational studies, fully available, without restriction to language and year of publication. Results 58 papers were included, the largest publication between the years 2014 and 2022, predominantly in Brazil, with emphasis on the teacher. The most used evaluation method was vocal assessment using self-assessment protocols, followed by auditory-perceptual assessment and laryngological examination. The mostly identified risk factors were individual ones, followed by organizational and environmental ones, in addition to sensory and auditory vocal symptoms having been reported. Conclusion The most often self-reported factors were noise, intense voice use, respiratory changes, being female and inappropriate vocal practices. For sensory vocal symptoms, dry throat, throat clearing and vocal fatigue stand out, and for auditory symptoms, hoarseness. WorkRelated Work Related Disorder professionals LILACS SciELO MEDLINEPubMed MEDLINE PubMed databases andor or disorders studies available 5 included 201 2022 Brazil teacher selfassessment self protocols auditoryperceptual perceptual examination ones reported selfreported noise use changes practices hoarseness 20 202 2

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar evidências científicas sobre o distúrbio de voz relacionado ao trabalho e fatores de risco, além de apontar os sintomas vocais, instrumentos e métodos de avaliação em profissionais da voz falada. Estratégia de pesquisa Revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE/PubMed e Scopus. Critérios de seleção Artigos com profissionais da voz falada, que abordassem os fatores de riscos individuais, organizacionais e/ou ambientais vinculados aos sintomas e/ou distúrbios de voz, estudos observacionais, disponíveis na íntegra, sem restrição ao idioma e ano de publicação. Resultados Foram incluídos 58 estudos, maior publicação entre os anos de 2014 e 2022, predominantemente no Brasil, em destaque, o professor. O método de avaliação mais utilizado foi autoavaliação com o uso dos protocolos, seguido da avaliação perceptivo-auditiva e do exame laringológico. Os fatores de risco mais identificados foram os individuais, seguidos dos organizacionais e ambientais, além de terem sido relatados os sintomas vocais sensoriais e auditivos. Conclusão Os fatores mais autorreferidos são ruído, uso intenso da voz, alterações respiratórias, ser do gênero feminino e práticas vocais inadequadas. Quanto aos sintomas vocais sensoriais, destacam-se garganta seca, pigarro e fadiga vocal, e quanto aos auditivos, rouquidão. falada literatura LILACS SciELO MEDLINEPubMed MEDLINE PubMed Scopus individuais eou ou observacionais íntegra 5 201 2022 Brasil destaque professor protocolos perceptivoauditiva perceptivo auditiva laringológico auditivos ruído respiratórias inadequadas destacamse destacam se seca vocal rouquidão 20 202 2

ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the association between sociodemographic factors, vocal behavior, morbidities, and self-perception of voice, hearing, and general health in older women with voice disorders. Methods The sample had 95 older women aged 60 to 84 years (mean of 69,5). They were interviewed with a structured questionnaire on sociodemographic aspects, health, and vocal behavior. The Screening Protocol for Voice Disorders in Older Adults (RAVI) was used to identify the presence of voice disorders. Results Participants who had finished high school and were retired predominated. The number of older women with voice disorders according to RAVI was 46.3%. Physical sensations such as dry throat, throat clearing, and itchy throat were the most common complaints. The group of older women with voice disorders had worse self-perception of voice quality, hearing, and general health and a higher frequency of upper airway infections than those without voice disorders (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion The vocal self-assessment measured with RAVI was statistically associated with self-perception of voice quality, hearing, general health, sore throat, sinusitis, and respiratory allergies. factors behavior morbidities selfperception self perception hearing 9 6 8 mean 69,5. 695 69,5 . 69 5 69,5) aspects (RAVI predominated 463 46 3 46.3% clearing complaints quality p 0.05. 005 0.05 0 05 0.05) selfassessment assessment sinusitis allergies 69, 4 46.3 00 0.0 46. 0.

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a associação de fatores sociodemográficos, do comportamento vocal, morbidades e autopercepção da voz, auditiva e de saúde geral de idosas com distúrbio vocal. Método Participaram 95 idosas com idades entre 60 e 84 anos (média 69,5). Realizou-se uma entrevista com apoio de um questionário estruturado contendo questões sociodemográficas, de saúde e do comportamento vocal. Utilizou-se o Protocolo para Rastreamento de Alterações Vocais em Idosos (RAVI) para identificar a presença de distúrbio vocal. Resultados Houve o predomínio de participantes com ensino médio completo e aposentadas. O número de idosas que apresentaram distúrbio vocal segundo o RAVI foi de 46,3%. Queixas relacionadas às sensações físicas como garganta seca, pigarro e coceira na garganta foram as mais presentes. O grupo de idosas com distúrbio vocal apresentou pior autopercepção da qualidade vocal, audição, saúde geral e maior frequência de infecções de vias aéreas superiores quando comparadas àquelas sem distúrbio vocal (p≤0,05). Conclusão Houve associação estatística entre a autoavaliação vocal mensurada pelo RAVI e a autopercepção da qualidade da voz, da audição, da saúde geral, inflamações de garganta, sinusite e alergias respiratórias. sociodemográficos voz 9 6 8 média 69,5. 695 69,5 . 69 5 69,5) Realizouse Realizou se sociodemográficas Utilizouse Utilizou (RAVI aposentadas 463 46 3 46,3% seca presentes audição p≤0,05. p005 p p≤0,05 0 05 (p≤0,05) respiratórias 69, 4 46,3 p00 p≤0,0 (p≤0,05 46, p0 p≤0, (p≤0,0 p≤0 (p≤0, p≤ (p≤0 (p≤ (p