The inhibition of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), an endocannabinoid system component, emerged as a potentially new therapeutic target for a range of clinical disorders such as acute and chronic pain. Some α-ketoheterocycle derivatives demonstrated interesting analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. Ligand-Based Drug Design techniques such as knowledge graph convolutional networks (kGCN) and hologram quantitative structure-activity relationship (HQSAR) using α-ketoheterocycle derivatives from five different datasets were generated to discover the relation between the chemical structures and the inhibition activity. Meanwhile, structure-based drug design simulations as interaction fields (MIF), molecular docking, and ligand sites studies (LSI) from FAAH were performed using Autogrid software and FTmap/FTsite servers. The results of both studies were merged to propose predictive models. The resulting kGCN model demonstrated adequate accuracy area under the curve by receiver operating characteristic (AUC-ROC 0.7922). From contribution maps of the Ligand-Based Drug Design (LBDD) models and the generated probes using MIF and LSI, it was observed that the oxazole ring, the ketone group, and the apolar chain present in the structures of the inhibitors are important, besides the evidence of the Cys269 and Val270 residues importance for the potential interaction, confirmed by carried docking studies. These fragments and structural information can be used to carry out new FAAH potential inhibitors studies and report kGCN as an accurate classification technique. FAAH, , (FAAH) component pain αketoheterocycle α ketoheterocycle antiinflammatory anti inflammatory vitro LigandBased Ligand Based (kGCN structureactivity structure activity HQSAR (HQSAR Meanwhile structurebased based MIF, (MIF) LSI (LSI FTmapFTsite FTmap FTsite servers AUCROC AUC ROC 0.7922. 07922 0.7922 . 0 7922 0.7922) LBDD (LBDD ring group important Cys Cys26 Val Val27 technique (FAAH (MIF 0792 0.792 792 Cys2 Val2 079 0.79 79 07 0.7 7 0.

To discover new bisamide compounds with insecticidal and fungicidal activities, 19 novel cyproflanilide derivatives containing 1,2,4-oxadiazole group were designed and synthesized according to the principle of biologically active factor splicing. Preliminary biological assay data indicated that the majority of target compounds demonstrated significant insecticidal activity against Lepidopteran pests. Meanwhile, compounds 5p and 5q showed 97.22 and 100% lethality against Tetranychus cinnabarinus at 400 mg L-1, which were better than cyproflanilide (41.11% at 400 mg L-1). In addition, it is exciting that we have achieved our initial goals as some of the target compounds exhibited both insecticidal and fungicidal activities. For instance, compounds 5b and 5c showed 59.26 and 74.07% fungicidal activities against Cucumber downy mildew at 400 mg L-1, as well as 100% insecticidal activity against Plutella xylostella and armyworm at 100 mg L-1. Compound 5h showed 100% insecticidal activity against armyworm at 10 mg L-1, and also displayed 66.67% fungicidal activity against Cucumber downy mildew at 400 mg L-1. The inhibition rate of compounds 5l and 5s against Cucumber downy mildew reached 88.89 and 96.30% at 400 mg L-1. This work showed the effectively fungicidal application of 1,2,4-oxadiazole group in bisamide compounds and provides insights for optimal structural design. 1 1,2,4oxadiazole 124oxadiazole oxadiazole 1,2,4 2 4 splicing pests Meanwhile p q 9722 97 22 97.2 40 L1, L1 L 1, L-1 41.11% 4111 41 11 (41.11 L1. . L-1) addition instance b c 5926 59 26 59.2 7407 74 07 74.07 1. h 6667 66 67 66.67 l s 8889 88 89 88.8 9630 96 30 96.30 design 4oxadiazole 124 1,2, 972 9 97. L- 41.11 411 (41.1 592 5 59. 740 7 0 74.0 666 6 66.6 888 8 88. 963 3 96.3 12 1,2 41.1 (41. 74. 66. 96. 41. (41 (4 (

Abstract: Introduction: Health care by nursing professionals to people with gender diversity can be negatively affected by the heteronormativity that has historically governed society. It is challenging to safeguard and seek actions to provide inclusive humanized care Objective: To understand the nursing professional’s experiences when providing humanized care to people with gender diversity. Method: Qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Four nursing professionals were interviewed. The information was collected through semi-structured individual and group interviews; the discourses were analyzed, and central concepts were triangulated.Results: Humanized care is manifested through three dimensions: experiences in providing humanized care, factors that facilitate the delivery of humanized care and factors that hinder it. The categories included in the first dimension are equality, empathy, respect and learning. Factors that facilitate humanized care have the categories of welcoming and continuing education, and factors that hinder it have the categories of social name and suspicion. Conclusion: Humanized care for people with gender diversity requires values of equality and empathy, together with inclusive training from undergraduate level. Deficiency in the development of soft skills hinders the nurse-patient relationship, while suspicion of the gender-diverse person hinders first consultations. The integration of the social name and continuous training are essential to promote an environment of trust and reduce the feeling of vulnerability and discrimination.

Resumo: Introdução: O atendimento em saúde prestado pelos profissionais de enfermagem às pessoas com diversidade de gênero pode ser afetado negativamente pela heteronormatividade que historicamente rege a sociedade. Atualmente, é um desafio resguardar e buscar ações para proporcionar um cuidado humanizado e inclusivo. Objetivo: Compreender as vivências do profissional de enfermagem ao prestar o cuidado humanizado a pessoas com diversidade de gênero. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, com abordagem fenomenológica. Foram entrevistados quatro profissionais de enfermagem. As informações foram coletadas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas individuais e em grupo; os discursos foram analisados e foi realizada uma triangulação dos principais conceitos. Resultados: O cuidado humanizado se manifesta por meio de três dimensões: vivências ao fornecer cuidados humanizados, fatores que facilitam a prestação de cuidado humanizado e fatores que a dificultam. As categorias incluídas na primeira dimensão são igualdade, empatia, respeito e aprendizado. Os fatores que facilitam os cuidados humanizados incluem acolhimento e formação contínua, enquanto os fatores que os dificultam incluem o uso do nome social e o receio. Conclusão: O cuidado humanizado a pessoas com diversidade de gênero requer valores de igualdade e empatia, juntamente com formação inclusiva desde o nível de graduação. A deficiência no desenvolvimento de habilidades interpessoais dificulta o relacionamento enfermeiro-paciente, enquanto o receio da pessoa com diversidade de gênero dificulta as primeiras consultas. A integração do nome social e a formação continuada são essenciais para promover um ambiente de confiança e reduzir a sensação de vulnerabilidade e discriminação.

Resumen: Introducción: La atención en salud de los profesionales de enfermería a personas con diversidad de género puede verse afectada negativamente por la heteronormatividad que ha regido históricamente la sociedad. Actualmente es un desafío resguardar y buscar acciones para entregar un cuidado humanizado inclusivo. Objetivo: Comprender las vivencias del profesional de enfermería al brindar el cuidado humanizado a personas con diversidad de género. Método: Investigación cualitativa, con un enfoque fenomenológico. Se entrevistó a cuatro profesionales de enfermería. La información se recopiló a través de entrevistas individuales y grupales semiestructuradas; los discursos fueron analizados y se realizó una triangulación de los conceptos principales. Resultados: El cuidado humanizado se manifiesta a través de tres dimensiones: vivencias al brindar cuidados humanizados, factores que facilitan la entrega del cuidado humanizado y factores que lo dificultan. Las categorías incluidas en la primera dimensión son igualdad, empatía, respeto y aprendizaje. Los factores que facilitan los cuidados humanizados tienen como categorías la acogida y la formación continua, y los factores que lo dificultan tienen las categorías de nombre social y recelo. Conclusión: El cuidado humanizado a personas con diversidad de género requiere valores de igualdad y empatía, junto con una formación inclusiva desde pregrado. La deficiencia en el desarrollo de habilidades blandas dificulta la relación enfermero-paciente, mientras que el recelo de la persona con diversidad de género obstaculiza las primeras consultas. La integración del nombre social y la formación continua son esenciales para promover un ambiente de confianza y reducir la sensación de vulnerabilidad y discriminación.

RESUMEN: La incidencia creciente de la clase capitalista, a través de sus corporaciones, en la política en Estados Unidos se ha identificado como uno de los factores que limitan el abordaje efectivo de los males que afectan a la sociedad de este país en los ámbitos de la economía y el desarrollo social. El financiamiento político es uno de los mecanismos a través de los cuales ello tiene lugar. El análisis de la relación entre su despliegue, en el contexto del neoliberalismo, los logros de los sectores del capitalque lo realizan y los problemas que afectan a la sociedad estadounidense en relación con los mismos, constituye el tema del presente artículo. Este se abordó a través del estudio de casos inherentes a los sectores financiero y de salud.

ABSTRACT: The growing incidence of the capitalist class, through its corporations, in politics in the United States has been identified as one of the factors that limit the effective addressing of the evils that affect the society of this country in the areas of the economy and social development. Political financing is one of the mechanisms through which this takes place. The analysis of the relationship between its deployment, in the context of neoliberalism, the achievements of the sectors of capital that carry it out, and the problems that affect American society in relation to them, constitutes the topic of this article. This is meets through the study of cases inherent to the financial and health sectors.

Resumo: Esta revisão sistemática utiliza a metodologia PRISMA para abordar as estratégias educativas implementadas durante a pandemia da COVID-19, desde 2020 até ao primeiro semestre de 2023. O principal objetivo é analisar as estratégias educativas que surgiram em resposta à pandemia, considerando aspectos como impactos, obstáculos e oportunidades. No total, foram analisados 67 artigos científicos obtidos nas bases de dados Scopus e ERIC. Os resultados da revisão revelaram três categorias principais de análise. A primeira gira em torno de estratégias educativas de emergência, a segunda aborda barreiras e lacunas no aprendizado e a terceira desenvolve a questão da perda de aprendizagem causada pelo fechamento de escolas. A revisão reconhece o trabalho docente e os ganhos obtidos com as adaptações feitas durante a pandemia. No entanto, também foi encontrada uma relação negativa na saúde mental de docentes, famílias e alunos devido ao isolamento, assim como o agravamento das desigualdades. Além disso, foi evidenciada a falta de preparo da sociedade para enfrentar crises educacionais. Destaca-se a necessidade de pesquisas futuras voltadas para a compreensão da relação entre as estratégias implementadas, a perda de aprendizagem e os resultados acadêmicos

Resumen: Esta revisión sistemática emplea la metodología PRISMA para abordar las estrategias educativas implementadas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 desde 2020 hasta el primer semestre de 2023. El objetivo principal es analizar las estrategias educativas que surgen como respuesta a la pandemia, considerando aspectos como impactos, obstáculos y oportunidades. En total se analizaron 67 artículos científicos obtenidos de las bases de datos Scopus y ERIC. Los resultados de la revisión revelaron tres categorías principales de análisis. La primera gira en torno a las estrategias educativas de emergencia, la segunda aborda las barreras y brechas de aprendizaje, y la tercera desarrolla la pérdida de aprendizaje causada por el cierre de las escuelas. La revisión reconoce la labor docente y los logros obtenidos gracias a las adaptaciones realizadas durante la pandemia. Sin embargo, también se encontró una relación negativa en la salud mental de docentes, familias y estudiantes debido a los encierros, así como la profundización de desigualdades. Además, se evidenció la falta de preparación de la sociedad para afrontar crisis educativas. Se subraya la necesidad de investigaciones futuras enfocadas en comprender la relación entre las estrategias implementadas, la pérdida de aprendizaje y los resultados académicos

Abstract: This systematic review uses the PRISMA methodology to examine educational strategies implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 to the first half of 2023. The primary objective is to analyze the strategies developed in response to the pandemic, focusing on their impacts, challenges, and opportunities. A total of 67 scientific articles from the Scopus and ERIC databases were reviewed. The findings reveal three main categories of analysis: the first focuses on emergency educational strategies, the second addresses learning barriers and gaps, and the third examines learning loss caused by school closures. This review acknowledges the efforts and achievements of educators who adapted during the pandemic, while also identifying negative effects on the mental health of teachers, families, and students due to lockdowns, as well as the deepening of educational inequalities. The review also highlights society’s lack of preparedness for managing educational crises. Future research is recommended to explore the relationship between implemented strategies, learning loss, and academic outcomes

Abstract This article deals with the repercussions and meanings of denialism and political irresponsibility in the relationship between risks of death and protection of the population during Covid-19 between 2019 and 2022. Vaccines, masks and isolation were denied. It aims to understand and deepen the relationship between lack of protection, misinformation, fake news and mental health. The official discourse was analyzed as a case study of bionecropolitics with repercussions on the population's health. The result shows that both physical and mental health are affected by denialism, misinformation, bad information and a lack of ethics and responsibility, with repercussions on representations of reliability, sociability and the incidence of anxiety, stress and depression. Meanings of life and death are paradoxically attributed to Covid-19 and established politics. The repercussions of diseases are more evident in the poorest and most peripheral layers in a society structured by economic, racial and gender inequality with the intersectionality of these dimensions. Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 201 2022 Vaccines denied misinformation populations s responsibility reliability anxiety depression politics economic dimensions Covid1 1 Covid- 20 202 2

Resumo Este artigo trata das repercussões e dos sentidos do negacionismo e da irresponsabilidade política na relação entre riscos de morte e proteção da população durante a covid-19 entre 2019 e 2022. Negaram-se vacinas, máscaras e isolamento. Tem como objetivo compreender e aprofundar a relação entre a desproteção, a desinformação, as fakes news e a saúde mental. Analisou-se o discurso oficial como um estudo de caso de bionecropolítica com repercussões na saúde da população. O resultado mostra que tanto a saúde física como a mental são afetadas pelo negacionismo, pela desinformação, pela má informação e pela falta de ética e de responsabilidade com repercussões nas representações de confiabilidade, na sociabilidade e na incidência de ansiedade, estresse e depressão. Sentidos de vida e morte são paradoxalmente atribuídos à covid-19 e à política estabelecida. As repercussões de doenças estão mais evidenciadas nas camadas mais pobres e periféricas em uma sociedade estruturada pela desigualdade econômica, de raça e de gênero com interseccionalidade dessas dimensões. covid19 covid 19 covid-1 201 2022 Negaramse Negaram se vacinas isolamento desproteção desinformação Analisouse Analisou confiabilidade ansiedade depressão estabelecida econômica dimensões covid1 1 covid- 20 202 2

ABSTRACT The necessary - and under-stimulated - encounter between Geography and Health in contemporary academic production, reveals that science is also ailing. However, when it becomes possible to generate approximations, intersections, and dialogues between, for instance, the territorial interpretation of health-disease and the interpretation of health-disease from territorial determinations, conditions are created to, in a single act, establish a critique of science and the monopoly of health. As a result, this paper proposes the reflection of worker’s health as a link between territory and health. Field research, guidance of dissertations and doctorates, and participation in the Inter-Trade Union Forum on Health-labor-law/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ-RJ), nourish the reflections elaborated in this article. The theoretical assumption is based on the following principle: worker’s health, as a field and a social issue, in defending public health, health as a right and justice, and, in criticizing all regimes of labor exploitation, under a territorial reading, gains strength in its praxis, as it clarifies that illness is implicated in the relationship between the spheres of power that, in capitalist society, are concerned with preserving and constituting social inequality, the monopoly of wealth, poverty, and violence. The fight for health, a fundamental good, becomes a struggle for territorial emancipation.

RESUMO O encontro necessário - e pouco estimulado - entre geografia e saúde, na produção acadêmica contemporânea, revela que a ciência está, também, enferma. Todavia, quando se torna possível gerar aproximações, intersecções e diálogos entre, por exemplo, interpretação territorial da saúde-doença e interpretação da saúde-doença a partir das determinações territoriais, criam-se condições para estabelecer uma crítica à ciência e ao monopólio da saúde. Em decorrência disso, propõe-se a reflexão da saúde do trabalhador como elo entre território e saúde. Pesquisas de campo, orientações de dissertações e doutoramentos e participação do Fórum Intersindical Saúde-trabalho-direito/Fundação Osvaldo Cruz (Fiocruz-RJ) nutrem as reflexões elaboradas no presente artigo. O pressuposto teórico inscreve-se pelo seguinte princípio: a saúde do trabalhador, como um campo e uma questão social, ao defender a saúde pública, a saúde como direito e justiça, e, ao criticar todos os regimes de exploração do trabalho, sob uma leitura territorial, ganha um reforço na sua práxis, pois esclarece que o adoecimento está implicado na relação entre as esferas de poder que, na sociedade capitalista, ocupam-se em preservar e constituir a desigualdade social, o monopólio da riqueza, a pobreza e a violência. A luta pela saúde, um bem primordial, faz-se na luta pela emancipação territorial.

Introdução: As doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) continuam a ser a principal causa de mortalidade em todo o mundo. A adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso é uma questão importante no manejo das DCV crônicas, influenciando diretamente os resultados e os custos com saúde. Objetivos: Esta revisão sistemática, apoiada pela Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, avalia o impacto da baixa adesão aos medicamentos cardiovasculares em desfechos clínicos críticos, como morte e eventos cardiovasculares. Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca abrangente em quatro bases de dados, incluindo Medline, Embase, Lilacs e Cochrane Library. A revisão incluiu revisões sistemáticas com meta-análises que relataram estimativas de risco para a adesão aos medicamentos cardiovasculares. Foram selecionadas quatro revisões sistemáticas, cada uma incorporando estudos observacionais. Resultados: Os principais achados indicam que um aumento na adesão aos medicamentos reduz significativamente o risco de eventos cardiovasculares, acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) e morte por todas as causas. Especificamente, uma melhoria de 20% na adesão a medicamentos antihipertensivos, hipolipemiantes e outros medicamentos cardiovasculares correlacionou-se com reduções nos eventos cardiovasculares de 7%, 10% e 9%, respectivamente; AVC de 17%, 13% e 18%; e morte de 12%, 9% e 10%. A certeza das evidências foi moderada, sugerindo que esses efeitos provavelmente estão presentes. Esses achados enfatizam a importância de melhorar a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso para aprimorar os resultados clínicos no manejo das DCV. Conclusões: As evidências demonstraram reduções em desfechos duros tanto na prevenção primária quanto secundária através do controle de condições como hipertensão e concentrações elevadas de colesterol LDL, bem como os benefícios da terapia antiplaquetária em doenças ateroscleróticas. No entanto, são necessários estudos adicionais para elucidar melhor a relação entre a adesão aos medicamentos cardiovasculares e a melhoria dos desfechos clínicos críticos.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Medication adherence is an important issue in managing chronic CVD, directly influencing outcomes and healthcare costs. Objectives: This systematic review, supported by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology, evaluates the impact of poor adherence to cardiovascular medications on critical clinical outcomes such as death and cardiovascular events. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across four databases, including Medline, Embase, Lilacs, and the Cochrane Library. The review included systematic reviews with meta-analyses that reported risk estimates for adherence to cardiovascular medications. Four systematic reviews, each incorporating observational studies, were selected. Results: The principal findings indicate that an increase in adherence to medications significantly reduces the risk of cardiovascular events, stroke, and all-cause death. Specifically, a 20% improvement in adherence to antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and other cardiovascular medications correlated with reductions in cardiovascular events by 7%, 10%, and 9%, respectively; stroke by 17%, 13%, and 18%; and death by 12%, 9%, and 10%. The certainty of the evidence was moderate, suggesting that these effects are likely present. These findings emphasize the importance of enhancing medication adherence to improve clinical outcomes in CVD management. Conclusions: Evidence has demonstrated reductions in hard endpoints in both primary and secondary prevention through the control of conditions such as hypertension and elevated LDL cholesterol concentrations, as well as the benefits of antiplatelet therapy in atherosclerotic disease. However, additional studies are needed to better elucidate the relationship between adherence to cardiovascular medications and the improvement of critical clinical outcomes.

Abstract: The article explores the relationship between memory and technology in Bernard Stiegler's work, focusing its analysis on "tertiary retention," a form of memory externalized in technical artifacts. Technology, beyond merely storing information, reconfigures mnemotechnic processes and human identity, challenging traditional distinctions between organic and artificial memory. The digital era transforms how we remember and construct personal and collective narratives, presenting both opportunities for cognitive enrichment and risks of eroding internal memory and cultural identity. Stiegler's philosophical approach invites critical reflection on the ethical and existential implications of technology in contemporary society.

Resumen: El artículo explora la relación entre memoria y tecnología en la obra de Bernard Stiegler, centrando su análisis en la "retención terciaria", una forma de memoria externalizada en artefactos técnicos. La tecnología, más allá de almacenar información, reconfigura los procesos mnemotécnicos e identidad humana, desafiando las distinciones tradicionales entre memoria orgánica y artificial. La era digital transforma cómo recordamos y construimos narrativas personales y colectivas, presentando tanto posibilidades de enriquecimiento cognitivo, como riesgos de erosión de la memoria interna y la identidad cultural. El enfoque filosófico de Stiegler invita a una reflexión crítica sobre las implicaciones éticas y existenciales de la tecnología en la sociedad contemporánea.

ABSTRACT. Size-frequency, length-weight, and length-length relationships for Hemiramphus brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1978) and Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (Ranzani, 1841) from the north coast of the Yucatan peninsula in the Gulf of Mexico were studied. All specimens were collected from the artisanal fishery of halfbeaks, which is under an exploratory fishery license. Five thousand two hundred-one individuals (5,134 H. brasiliensis and 67 H. unifasciatus) were sampled and analyzed. The size-frequency analysis showed that individuals of H. brasiliensis among 31.5 to 34.5 cm of total length (TL) class dominated the fishery samples; however, the separation index (≥2) detected two modes in the last months of the year, identifying a cohort with a length below the average (24.5 to 26.5 cm TL). The isometric growth pattern was found in females and pooled sex in H. unifasciatus, and positive allometric growth was found in males and H. brasiliensis. The TL was 9 and 4.5% greater than the fork length for H. brasiliensis and H. unifasciatus, respectively. The size of H. brasiliensis (45.5 cm TL) exceeds the reported in previous studies from the Gulf of Mexico and the Mexican Caribbean Sea, and a new record of maximum length for H. unifasciatus (31cm TL) was reported to the FishBase database.

Abstract: This article is based on the analysis of the relationship between ethics and technology in Latin America, emphasizing the importance of the responsible use of technology and citizen participation in its development and regulation. The objective is to reflect on how we can promote a responsible and transformative use of technology in Latin America, considering ethical aspects, digital inclusion and citizen participation. Furthermore, it cannot be ignored that the world has changed and that technology has profoundly transformed our society. Therefore, it is relevant to address issues such as the connection between ethics and technology, digital inclusion and citizen participation, and ethical challenges in the use of technology. In relation to the exposed problematic, it is finally necessary to address these challenges and use technology in a critical, responsible and social transformation oriented way.

Resumen: Este artículo se basa en el análisis de la relación entre ética y tecnología en América Latina, enfatizando la importancia del uso responsable de la tecnología y la participación ciudadana en su desarrollo y regulación. El objetivo es reflexionar sobre cómo podemos promover un uso responsable y transformador de la tecnología en América Latina, considerando los aspectos éticos, la inclusión digital y la participación ciudadana. Además, no se puede desconocer que el mundo ha cambiado y que la tecnología ha transformado profundamente nuestra sociedad. Por eso, es relevante abordar los temas como la conexión entre ética y tecnología, la inclusión digital y la participación ciudadana, y los desafíos éticos en el uso de la tecnología. En relación con la problemática expuesta, cabe finalmente abordar estos desafíos y utilizar la tecnología de manera crítica, responsable y orientada a la transformación social.

Abstract Digital Welfare State in Ecuador: Citizen Datafication and Machine Learning in the Construction and Management of Poverty In the era of digital governance, the increasing use of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in social protection systems has emerged as a prominent concern. The state's efforts to promote citizen datafication and the implementation of AI for managing and providing social services and benefits are guided by principles of neutrality, objectivity, and technological efficiency. Nevertheless, these technologies can not only improve the effectiveness of social benefits allocation, but also have the potential of controlling, monitoring, sanctioning, and excluding beneficiaries. In light of the prevailing techno-optimism evident in the design of contemporary social policy, particularly with regard to its allocation mechanisms, this study draws upon insights from Science, Technology, and Society Studies to shed light on how data systems and AI technologies transform the notion of poverty and impact the definition of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. This approach focuses on unraveling the political dimension of data systems and AI technologies that are emerging as mediators in the relationship between the state and citizens. Through the case study of Ecuador's Social Registry, the aim is to enrich the critical examination of digital welfare states in the Latin American region, analyzing their implications for society and their potential to produce or exacerbate inequality and exclusion; challenging deterministic views of technological change and public policy design.

Resumen En la era de la gobernanza digital, la utilización creciente de datos y tecnologías de Big Data e Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en los sistemas de protección social se ha convertido en un asunto relevante. Los esfuerzos del Estado por impulsar la datificación ciudadana y la implementación de la IA para la gestión y provisión de servicios y beneficios sociales están vehiculizados por las ideas de neutralidad, objetividad y eficiencia tecnológica. No obstante, estas tecnologías no solo pueden mejorar la efectividad en la asignación de beneficios sociales; sino que también tienen el potencial de controlar, monitorear, sancionar y excluir a los beneficiarios. Ante el tecno-optimismo que marca el diseño de la política social contemporánea, específicamente sus mecanismos de asignación, este trabajo apuesta por los Estudios de la Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad para dar luz sobre cómo los sistemas de datos y las técnicas de IA transforman la noción de pobreza e impactan en la definición de beneficiarios y no beneficiarios. Este enfoque se centra en desentrañar la dimensión política -de la politics- de los sistemas de datos y las tecnologías de la IA que comienzan a mediar la relación entre el Estado y los ciudadanos. A través del estudio del caso ecuatoriano del Registro Social, el objetivo recae en nutrir el examen crítico de los Estados de Bienestar Digital en la región latinoamericana, analizando sus implicaciones en la sociedad y su potencial para producir o amplificar desigualdad y exclusión; desafiando las visiones deterministas del cambio tecnológico y del diseño de políticas públicas.

Resumen En el presente artículo se realiza un análisis interpretativo del significado de “democracia” desde su conceptualización por lo antiguos griegos y en la época de la Roma republicana, hasta llegar a como se percibe la democracia en la actualidad. El objetivo planteado fue analizar diferentes perspectivas sobre el concepto de democracia, desde su relación con los derechos humanos hasta su aplicación en la sociedad actual. La metodología empleada se basó en un análisis interpretativo de fuentes históricas y contemporáneas sobre democracia y derechos humanos. Los resultados resaltan la importancia de la democracia en el respeto de los derechos fundamentales, la participación ciudadana y la gobernanza democrática. Se destaca la complejidad y riqueza del concepto de democracia en diferentes contextos históricos y culturales. En la actualidad este término se relaciona con los Derechos Humanos; no presenta aspecto individual, varía desde la óptica de cada nación; Finalmente, resulta indispensable garantizar los derechos fundamentales con la finalidad de llegar al funcionamiento idóneo del Estado.

Abstract In this article, an interpretive analysis of the meaning of “democracy” is carried out from its conceptualization by the ancient Greeks and in the era of Republican Rome, until reaching how democracy is perceived today. The objective was to analyze different perspectives on the concept of democracy, from its relationship with human rights to its application in today's society. The methodology used was based on an interpretive analysis of historical and contemporary sources on democracy and human rights. The results highlight the importance of democracy in respecting fundamental rights, citizen participation and democratic governance. The complexity and richness of the concept of democracy in different historical and cultural contexts is highlighted. Currently this term is related to Human Rights; It does not present an individual aspect, it varies from the perspective of each nation; Finally, it is essential to guarantee fundamental rights in order to achieve the ideal functioning of the State.

RESUMO Este artigo objetivou discutir o potencial analítico e operacional do conceito de território para formulação de propostas que visam promover a criação de territórios sustentáveis e saudáveis. O debate acerca desse conceito tem relação com o processo de globalização e suas redes de relações socioeconômicas que vêm produzindo ao longo das últimas décadas novos espaços de conflitos e de ressurgimento de identidades. A globalização desses espaços tem intensificado as desigualdades sociais e de saúde promovendo fluxos, mas, ao mesmo tempo, barreiras para as relações humanas. Território-rede se configura como a criação de uma forma espacial que reúne diversos territórios simultaneamente e está associado a poder, propriedades micro e macropolíticas das relações sociais que se manifestam a partir da territorialização dos atores sociais. Formas de conceber território surgem relacionadas à escala do corpo ampliando a sua compreensão como sinônimo de espaço de vida, humano e não humano, em uma perspectiva relacional e indissociável. O conceito de território contribui para abordagem dos territórios sustentáveis e saudáveis como base de análise e de atuação para interação e cooperação solidária entre o corpo do indivíduo, a sociedade, os seres vivos e o planeta, fundamentos para práticas emancipatórias e produtoras de autonomia e de saúde. identidades fluxos mas tempo humanas Territóriorede Território rede poder vida indissociável indivíduo sociedade planeta

ABSTRACT This article aims to discuss the analytical and operational potential of the concept of territory to formulate proposals and promoting the creation of healthy and sustainable territories. The debate about the territory concept is related to the globalization process and the networks of socioeconomic relations that have been shaping new spaces, producing conflicts and raising local identities. Globalization and these spaces have been aggravating social and health inequalities, promoting flows but also building barriers for human relations. The relationship territory-network is a process of production of a new spatial form that brings together several territories simultaneously and is associated with power, the micro and macropolitical properties of social relations that manifest themselves from the territorialization of social actors. Ways of conceiving territory arise from the body, expanding the scale and its understanding as a synonym of living space, human and non-human, in a relational and integrate perspective. The concept of territory contributes to the approach of healthy and sustainable territories as a basis for analysis, action, interaction, solidarity and cooperation among the individual’s body, society, living beings and the planet, which are the foundations for emancipatory practices and producers of autonomy and health. identities inequalities territorynetwork network power actors body space nonhuman, nonhuman non human, non-human perspective analysis action interaction individuals individual s society planet

RESUMEN La superación del promotor del programa comunitario educa a tu hijo (PETH), es un proceso que trasciende la formación continua de los profesionales de la primera infancia por su encargo social. Guarda una estrecha relación con los cambios por los que ha transitado la sociedad en su decursar y respondiendo de manera directa a la gestión medioambiental en el contexto rural. Es en tal sentido que en la presente investigación se frecen algunos resultados de la investigación realizada para estudios de formación doctoral que permiten identificar las diferentes etapas y características que distinguen el desarrollo histórico del proceso de superación en educación ambiental del promotor (PETH) para su gestión medioambiental en el contexto rural. Para un correcto estudio del proceso se utilizaron los métodos teóricos como el análisis - síntesis, la inducción - deducción, el histórico - lógico permitió realizar un análisis cronológico sincrónico y dialéctico de la evolución del proceso de manera global y especificar su impacto en la superación de los promotores en Cuba y en particular en el municipio San Luis. Los resultados revelaron que el proceso ha transitado por diferentes etapas, de cuyo estudio resultan sus características fundamentales con especial interés en la primera infancia.

ABSTRACT The overcoming of the promoter of the community program educates your son (PETH), it is a process that the continuous formation of the professionals of the first childhood transcends for its social responsibility. He keeps a narrow relationship with the changes for those that it has trafficked the society and responding from a direct way to the environmental administration in the rural context. It is in such a sense that in the present investigation you frecen some results of the investigation carried out for studies of doctoral formation that allow to identify the different stages and characteristic that distinguish the historical development of the overcoming process in the promoter's environmental education (PETH) for their environmental administration in the rural context. For a correct study of the process the theoretical methods were used as the analysis - synthesis, the induction - deduction, the historical one - logical he/she allowed to carry out a synchronous and dialectical chronological analysis of the evolution of the process in a global way and to specify their impact in the overcoming of the promoters in Cuba and in particular in the municipality San Luis. The results revealed that the process has trafficked for different stages of whose study is their fundamental characteristics with special interest in the first childhood.