Abstract (Objective) The objective of this investigation was to analyze the composition of birds associated with organic cocoa (Theobroma cacao) crops managed under 3 different types of tree cover. (Methodology) Three census points were established in each farm to record all birds observed and heard in 5-minute sample periods. Counts were conducted in triplicate, both in the early morning and at dusk. Differences in avifauna composition between farms were analyzed using the ANOSIM test. Abundances were transformed using the Decostand function and the Hellinger method in the R-Vegan statistical package. Analysis of clustering of species among plantations was performed using non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) and the Bray-Curtis index. Contribution of species to the dissimilarity between groups was analyzed with the SIMPER module. Statistically significant differences were considered when P ≤ 0.05. (Results) Four hundred and twenty-eight individuals were observed, and classified into 49 species and 23 families. The farms where cocoa plants grow in shadier conditions due to canopy development showed a higher number of species (34) and individuals (146). Bird comp P < 0.02). The mean abundance of 19 species osit (39.ion 6%) varied significantly between farms (F (1,8) = 3.22; showed significant differences (P < 0.05) when comparing the farms with the most and least shade. (Conclusion) Bird composition is more complex on organic cocoa farms, which have more developed canopies and are near regenerating forests.

Resumen (Objetivo) El objetivo fue analizar la composición de aves asociadas a cultivos orgánicos de cacao (Theobroma cacao) manejado debajo de 3 diferentes tipos de cobertura arbórea. (Metodología) Distribuimos 3 puntos de conteo en cada finca, para registrar todas las aves observadas y escuchadas, en muestreos de 5 minutos. Los conteos fueron realizados por triplicado, tanto en las primeras horas de la mañana como al atardecer. La diferencia en la composición de la avifauna entre las fincas fue analizada con la prueba ANOSIM. Las abundancias se transformaron por medio de la función decostand y el método Hellinger del paquete estadístico R-Vegan. La agrupación de las especies entre las plantaciones se efectuó mediante el escalamiento multidimensional no métrico (nMDS) y el índice de Bray-Curtis. La contribución de las especies a la disimilitud entre grupos fue analizada con el módulo SIMPER. Consideramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas cuando P ≤ 0,05. (Resultados) Observamos 428 individuos, clasificados en 49 especies y 23 familias. La finca donde las plantas de cacao crecen en condiciones más sombreadas, debido al desarrollo del dosel, mostró mayor cantidad de especies (34) y de individuos (146). La composición de aves varió significativamente entre las fincas (F(1,8) = 3,22; P < 0,02). La abundancia media de 19 especies (39,6 %) hizo notar diferencias significativas (P < 0,05), al comparar la finca con mayor sombra y menor sombra. (Conclusión) La composición de aves es más compleja en aquellas fincas de cacao orgánico que conservan un mayor desarrollo estructural de los árboles de dosel y que están cerca de bosque en regeneración.

Resumo (Objetivo) O objetivo foi analisar a composição das aves associadas às plantações de cacau orgânico (Theobroma cacao) manejadas sob três tipos diferentes de cobertura arbórea. (Metodologia) Distribuímos 3 pontos de contagem em cada fazenda, para registrar todas as aves observadas e ouvidas, em amostragens de 5 minutos. As contagens foram realizadas em triplicata, tanto nas primeiras horas da manhã quanto no final da tarde. A diferença na composição da avifauna entre as fazendas foi analisada com o teste ANOSIM. As abundâncias foram transformadas usando a função de costande o método Hellinger do pacote estatístico R-Vegan. O agrupamento de espécies entre as plantações foi feito usando o escalonamento multidimensional não métrico (nMDS) e o índice de Bray-Curtis. A contribuição das espécies para a dissimilaridade entre os grupos foi analisada com o módulo SIMPER. Consideramos as diferenças estatisticamente significativas quando P ≤ 0,05. (Resultados) Observamos 428 indivíduos, classificados em 49 espécies e 23 famílias. A fazenda onde as plantas de cacau crescem em condições mais sombreadas, devido ao desenvolvimento do dossel, apresentou um número maior de espécies (34) e indivíduos (146). A composição das aves variou significativamente entre as fazendas (F(1,8) = 3,2 apresentou diferenças significativas (P < 0,05) n; Paco< 0, mpa 02). A abundância média de 19 espécies (39,6%) ração entre a fazenda mais sombreada e a menos sombreada. (Conclusão) A composição das avesé mais complexa nas fazendas de cacau orgânico que mantêm árvores de dossel mais desenvolvidas estruturalmente e estão próximas à floresta em regeneração.

Abstract Formalized mining constitutes a significant portion of Colombia's GDP and unfolds in two phases: exploration and exploitation. Both phases are highly attractive to foreign capital, yet such investment is far from being straightforward or simple. Objective: This study examines the challenges faced by foreign direct investment (FDI) in Colombian mining projects. Methodology: It is an exploratory qualitative study involving 11 key informants, each with a distinguished track record in mining organization management. Key findings: A complex panorama is observed for investors in mining projects given that the permits, licenses, and forms of operation are not clear; the financial part does not have clear capital entry and exit mechanisms, and the relationship with the communities surrounding the mining projects, in some cases, the capacity of investors. Conclusions: Despite the importance for the economy of the regions, FDI in Colombian mining projects encounters numerous obstacles, which limit its attractiveness. Regarding the governance of resources some difficulties are the economic-financial challenges and the considerations about social difficulties with the communities in the mining territories.

Resumo A mineração formalizada é responsável por uma porção significativa do PIB da Colômbia e é realizada em duas fases, exploração e explotação, ambas muito atraentes para o capital estrangeiro, mas esse investimento está longe de ser regularizado, formal e simples. Objetivo: Analisar as dificuldades e os desafios do investimento estrangeiro direto em projetos de mineração na Colômbia. Metodologia: Estudo qualitativo exploratório com 11 informantes-chave, com experiência reconhecida na gestão de organizações de mineração. Principais resultados: Observa-se um panorama complexo para os investidores em projetos de mineração, uma vez que as autorizações, as licenças e as formas de operação não são claras, a parte financeira não tem mecanismos claros para a entrada e saída de capital, e a relação com as comunidades que cercam os projetos de mineração excede, em alguns casos, as capacidades dos investidores. Conclusões: Apesar de sua importância para a economia das regiões, o investimento estrangeiro direto na Colômbia para projetos de mineração enfrenta muitas dificuldades, o que limita sua atratividade, nas dimensões relacionadas à governança dos recursos, aos desafios econômico-financeiros da verba que entra e sai dos projetos, e às considerações sobre as dificuldades sociais com as comunidades nos territórios de mineração.

Resumen La minería formalizada ocupa un renglón significativo del PIB colombiano y se desarrolla en dos fases: la exploración y la explotación, ambas muy atractivas para capitales foráneos. Sin embargo, dicha inversión se encuentra lejos de ser algo protocolizado, formal y sencillo. Objetivo: Analizar las dificultades, los retos y los desafíos de la inversión extranjera directa (IED) en proyectos mineros en Colombia. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo exploratorio con 11 informantes clave, con reconocida trayectoria en la gestión de organizaciones mineras. Resultados principales: Se observa un panorama complejo para los inversionistas en proyectos mineros dado que no están claros los permisos, licencias ni formas de funcionamiento; la parte financiera no dispone de mecanismos claros de entrada y salida de capitales, y el relacionamiento con las comunidades aledañas a los proyectos mineros rebasa, en algunos casos, las capacidades de los inversionistas. Conclusiones: A pesar de la importancia para la economía de las regiones, la IED en Colombia para proyectos mineros enfrenta muchas dificultades, que limitan su atractivo. En las dimensiones relativas a la gobernanza de los recursos están los retos económico-financieros del dinero que entra y sale de los proyectos y las consideraciones sobre dificultades que se presentan con las comunidades en los territorios mineros.

Abstract The management of lithic resources is a central activity in the reproduction of social life in many past societies. In the context of these operations, individuals and groups developed actions, values and attitudes based on their technological habits, cultural patterns and symbolic representations, closely linked to the landscape they inhabited and its natural resources. The aim of this paper is to approach the social practices related to rock procurement and the social landscapes, that make up indigenous quarries. To achieve this, we first conducted a bibliographic review of different ethnoarchaeological cases that document different activities and practices related to rock procurement. Then, concerning some of these data, we analyzed the archaeological landscapes and the material record of two quarry areas located in the center-East of Tandilia hills (Buenos Aires, Argentina) and Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca, Argentina).

Resumen La gestión de los recursos líticos es una actividad central en la reproducción de la vida de muchas sociedades pasadas. En el marco de estas operaciones, los individuos y grupos desarrollaron acciones, valoraciones y actitudes enraizadas en sus hábitos tecnológicos, sus patrones culturales y sus representaciones simbólicas, que se encuentran estrechamente ligadas al paisaje que habitaron y sus bienes naturales. El objetivo de este trabajo es abordar las prácticas sociales relacionadas con la obtención de rocas y los paisajes culturalmente construidos que conforman las canteras prehispánicas. Para ello se efectúa un recorrido bibliográfico sobre diferentes casos etnoarqueológicos que documentan actividades y prácticas diversas en torno al aprovisionamiento. Luego, a la luz de algunos de esos datos, se analizan los paisajes arqueológicos y el registro material de dos áreas de canteras localizadas en el centro-este de las Sierras de Tandilia (Buenos Aires, Argentina) y Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca, Argentina).

ABSTRACT. Using satellite sensor data for studying sea surface temperature (SST) provides advantages over in situ information, such as obtaining data from large areas and remote access regions in short periods. However, differences between the SST values recorded in situ and those by satellite sensors are due to the intrinsic nature of both methods and meteorological factors. The present study aims to search the difference between SST values from in situ and satellite sensor data of 1×1 km resolution (type L4) from the Group of High-Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) for an annual cycle in a socio-ecological critical area known as the Gulf of Ulloa (GU). The linear regression, linear spline regression, and logic models showed an overestimated SST by satellites compared to in situ data, particularly at temperatures below 20°C. The overestimation can be attributed to the oceanic-atmospheric variations, which are consequences of upwelling and the time lag between the data record morning by in situ and night by satellite sensors. This finding may be relevant in decision-making for marine resource management and conservation in the GU. The information may help to seek the sustainability of this social-environmental system.

Resumo A Empresa de Telecomunicaciones de Cuba dedica especial atenção à promoção da gestão do conhecimento organizacional como uma forma fundamental de desenvolver seus recursos humanos. Dessa forma, são realizadas diferentes ações de treinamento para adquirir o conhecimento necessário para elevar o nível profissional de seus trabalhadores, e é no resultado de suas produções científicas (PC) que esse conhecimento se materializa. Por esse motivo, é essencial contar com ferramentas que permitam localizar, organizar e registrar todas as PC geradas como resultado dessas ações. De acordo com o exposto, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa é realizar um diagnóstico do processo de gestão do conhecimento organizacional na Diretoria Central de Capital Humano, a fim de conhecer o estado atual dos diferentes subprocessos que compõem essa atividade. Os métodos utilizados foram a observação científica para conhecer o comportamento dos estudos de pós-graduação; a análise e a síntese para o estudo dos fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos; a estatística descritiva para a análise e o processamento dos dados obtidos na aplicação dos instrumentos utilizados. Como resultado da pesquisa, destaca-se a proposta de um instrumento metodológico para gerenciar a produção científica e aumentar a produtividade do conhecimento.

Resumen La Empresa de Telecomunicaciones de Cuba presta especial atención en promover la gestión del conocimiento organizacional como vía fundamental para desarrollar sus recursos humanos, de esta forma se realizan distintas acciones de formación que permiten adquirir los conocimientos necesarios para elevar el nivel profesional de sus trabajadores, y es en el resultado de sus producciones científicas (PC) donde se ven materializados estos saberes. Por ello es fundamental contar con herramientas que permitan localizar, organizar y registrar toda la PC que se genera como resultado de estas acciones. En correspondencia con lo anterior, se plantea como objetivo general de esta investigación realizar un diagnóstico del proceso de gestión del conocimiento organizacional en la Dirección Central de Capital Humano que permita conocer el estado actual de los distintos subprocesos que componen esta actividad. Utilizando como métodos la observación científica para conocer el comportamiento de los estudios de posgrados; de análisis y síntesis para el estudio de los fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos; la estadística descriptiva para el análisis y procesamiento de los datos obtenidos en la aplicación de los instrumentos utilizados. Destacándose como resultado de la investigación la propuesta de un instrumento metodológico que permita gestionar la producción científica e incrementar la productividad del conocimiento.

Abstract The Cuban Telecommunications Company pays special attention to promoting organizational knowledge management as a fundamental way to develop its human resources, thus different training actions are carried out to acquire the necessary knowledge to raise the professional level of its workers, and it is in the result of their scientific productions (CP) where this knowledge is materialized. Therefore, it is essential to have tools that make it possible to locate, organize and record all the CP generated as a result of these actions. Accordingly, the general objective of this research is to carry out a diagnosis of the process of organizational knowledge management in the Central Directorate of Human Capital that allows to know the current status of the various sub-processes that make up this activity. Using as methods the scientific observation to know the behavior of the postgraduate studies; of analysis and synthesis for the study of the theoretical and methodological foundations; the descriptive statistics for the analysis and processing of the data obtained in the application of the instruments used. As a result of the research, the proposal of a methodological instrument to manage scientific production and increase the productivity of knowledge stands out.

Resumen El accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) es la principal causa de discapacidad y la tercera causa de mortalidad en nuestro país. Argentina y la región de las Américas se encuentran atravesando el peor brote epidémico de dengue del que se tenga registro, con una importan te demanda en el sistema de salud. El dengue podría aumentar el riesgo de ACV y dada la naturaleza tiem po dependiente del manejo de esta enfermedad para reducir la morbilidad y mortalidad, y las potenciales consideraciones a tener en cuenta en los pacientes con dengue, se presenta una revisión breve de la literatura con puntos de incertidumbre y aspectos a considerar en el protocolo o código de ACV, considerando las ca racterísticas clínicas y alta demanda del sistema de salud provocada por el dengue. Se realiza también un llamado a generar evidencia sobre el manejo del ACV en pacientes con dengue.

Abstract Stroke is the leading cause of disability and the third leading cause of mortality in our country. Argentina and the Region of the Americas are going through the worst epidemic outbreak of dengue on record with significant demand on the health system. Dengue could increase the risk of stroke and given the time-dependent nature of the management of this disease to reduce morbidity and mortality and the potential considerations to be taken into account in patients with dengue, we present a focused review of the literature with points of uncer tainty and aspects to be considered in the stroke code considering the clinical characteristics and high demand of the health system caused by the dengue fever. A call is also made to generate evidence on the management of stroke in patients with dengue.

ABSTRACT Objective: Design a process cost system with a quality approach for the meat industry, which provides contextualized and detailed information for decision making. Materials and methods: To form the theoretical and methodological basis of the research, the methods of dialectical materialism were used: historical-logical, analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction. In addition, documentary review as a research technique and observation were used as an empirical method, mainly for diagnosis. Results: The research managed to establish the bases for the development of a process cost system with a quality focus, in correspondence with current accounting regulations, which attributes special relevance to the accounting record of quality costs, since it is taxed guarantee reliability in the analysis as a key element for decision making, based on continuous improvement and business sustainability. Conclusions: The application of the proposed system constitutes a tool that makes possible to strengthen the decision-making process, fundamentally from the aspects that affect the quality of the meat industry processes, in order to achieve better business management in compliance with the set objectives.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Diseñar un sistema de costos por proceso con enfoque de calidad para la industria cárnica, que brinde información contextualizada y detallada para la toma de decisiones. Materiales y métodos: Para conformar el sustento teórico y metodológico de la investigación, se utilizaron los métodos del materialismo dialéctico: histórico-lógico, análisis-síntesis e inducción-deducción. Además, se realizó la revisión documental como técnica de investigación y como método empírico la observación, fundamentalmente, para el diagnóstico. Resultados: La investigación logró establecer las bases para la elaboración de un sistema de costos por procesos con enfoque de calidad, en correspondencia con la normativa contable vigente; por lo que se le atribuye especial relevancia al registro contable de los costos de calidad, el cual tributa a garantizar confiabilidad en el análisis como elemento clave para la toma de decisiones, en función de la mejora continua y la sostenibilidad empresarial. Conclusiones: La aplicación del sistema propuesto constituye una herramienta que posibilita el fortalecimiento del proceso de toma de decisiones, fundamentalmente, desde los aspectos que inciden en la calidad de los procesos de la industria cárnica, en aras de lograr una mejor gestión empresarial en el cumplimiento de los objetivos trazados.

ABSTRACT: Crypticerya Cockerell, 1895 is a genus of Coccomorpha, its distribution occurs mainly in the New World including numerous pest species. The common name "channeled mealybugs" is due to the fact that the ovisacs, in the species that produce them, have longitudinal channels or grooves. In the present study, Crypticerya genistae (Hempel) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Monophlebidae) is reported for the Tumbes region for the first time. The specimens were collected from a young Charán tree Libidibia glabrata [formerly Caesalpinia paipai]: Family Fabaceae) located in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, although it has also been found in a herbaceous plant of the genus Neptunia of the same family in green areas of the city and in the edible species Cajanus Cajan. C. genistae appears to prefer shrubs and herbaceous plants. The report for Tumbes is significant, since it extends the distribution range of this species, which would imply a change in its ecology and adaptive behavior. Its presence in crops such as C. cajan, a plant of nutritional importance, suggests a potential phytosanitary risk. for local agriculture. The identification of this species in urban areas and in different plant hosts highlights the need for pest monitoring and management in the region, particularly in agricultural and urban ecosystems. It is recommended to carry out more extensive monitoring studies in other areas of Tumbes to determine the real extent of the distribution of C. genistae and its impact on different ecosystems.

RESUMEN: Crypticerya Cockerell, 1895 es un género de Coccomorpha, su distribución se da principalmente en el Nuevo Mundo incluyendo numerosas especies de plagas. El nombre común de “cochinillas acanaladas”, se debe a que los ovisacos, en las especies que los producen, tienen canales o surcos longitudinales. En el presente estudio, Crypticerya genistae (Hempel) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Monophlebidae) se reporta para la región de Tumbes por primera vez. Los ejemplares fueron colectados de un árbol joven de Charán Libidibia glabrata [antes Caesalpinia paipai]: Familia Fabaceae) ubicado en la facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, aunque también se le ha encontrado en una herbácea del género Neptunia de la misma familia en áreas verdes de la ciudad y en la especie comestible Cajanus cajan. Al parecer C. genistae prefiere arbustos y plantas herbáceas. El reporte para Tumbes es significativo, ya que extiende el rango de distribución de esta especie, lo que implicaría un cambio en su ecología y comportamiento adaptativo, su presencia en cultivos como C. cajan, una planta de importancia alimenticia sugiere un potencial riesgo fitosanitario para la agricultura local. La identificación de esta especie en áreas urbanas y en diferentes hospedadores vegetales resalta la necesidad de monitoreo y manejo de plagas en la región, particularmente en ecosistemas agrícolas y urbanos. Se recomienda realizar estudios más extensos de monitoreo en otras áreas de Tumbes para determinar la extensión real de la distribución de C. genistae y su impacto en diferentes ecosistemas.

Abstract: The dry forest ecosystem is characterized by their rich biodiversity and adaptations to arid conditions. This study focused on determining the composition and structure of the vegetation, examining species interactions, and estimating carbon stored in its aboveground biomass (AGB) using an allometric equation proposed for mixed dry forests. We used 10 plots of 10 x 20 m to record data on trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm. Taxonomic classification was initially obtained using experts and specialized databases. Ecological importance was assessed through the Importance Value Index (IVI), and species association was determined using the Indicator Value Index (IndVal%). We identified 148 individuals of 21 species, 19 genera, and 12 families in four groups with strong associations, with C. Trischistandra standing out for its high IVI. The Kruskal-Wallis test did not show significant differences in carbon stored between plots, and was estimated a storage potential of 70.47 Mg C ha-1. This research highlights the importance of key species in carbon capture, which is crucial for mitigating climate change. Effective management of these species could have a positive impact on the conservation of the dry forest ecosystem and the fight against global warming. This analysis provides a deep understanding of the structure of this ecosystem.

Resumen: El ecosistema del bosque seco se caracteriza por su rica biodiversidad y adaptaciones a condiciones áridas. Este estudio se centró en determinar la composición y estructura de la vegetación, examinar las interacciones entre las especies y estimar el carbono almacenado en su biomasa aérea (AGB), se usó una ecuación alométrica propuesta para bosques secos mixtos. Utilizamos 10 parcelas de 10 x 20 m para registrar datos sobre árboles con un diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP) ≥ 5 cm. Inicialmente, la clasificación taxonómica se obtuvo consultando a expertos y bases de datos especializadas. La importancia ecológica se evaluó a través del Índice de Valor de Importancia (IVI) y la asociación de especies se determinó utilizando el Índice de Valor Indicador (IndVal%). Se identificaron 148 individuos de 21 especies, 19 géneros y 12 familias en cuatro grupos con fuertes asociaciones, destacándose C. Trischistandra por su alto IVI. El test de Kruskal-Wallis no mostró diferencias significativas en el carbono almacenado entre las parcelas y se estimó un potencial de almacenamiento de 70.47 Mg C ha-1. Esta investigación resalta la importancia de especies clave en la captura de carbono, lo cual es crucial para mitigar el cambio climático. El manejo efectivo de estas especies podría tener un impacto positivo en la conservación del ecosistema de bosque seco y en la lucha contra el calentamiento global. Este análisis brinda un entendimiento profundo de la estructura de este ecosistema.

Abstract This work presents the first results obtained by studying an archaeobotanical record of the city of San Miguel de Tucumán (1565-1685), recovered in archaeological excavation campaigns -during 2021 and 2022-. Analysis of micro (phytoliths) and macro-remains (charcoal) was carried out identifying native species, such as Anadenanthera colubrina (cebil), Geoffroea deconticars (chañar), Neltuma alba (white carob), Salix humboldtiana (criollo willow), Zea mays (corn), and exotic species such as Citrus aurantium L. (sour orange tree). It was possible to survey the management of these plants in a Spanish domestic unit and, in this sense, the results show the incorporation and naturalization of exotic flora in the city area, as well as the continuity in the use of certain native species. The articulation of different lines of evidence allowed us to show the changes that occurred in the natural landscape of the area, also linked to the socioeconomic modifications generated by the Spanish conquest.

Resumen En este trabajo se presentan los primeros resultados obtenidos al estudiar un registro arqueobotánico de la ciudad de San Miguel de Tucumán (1565-1685), recuperado en campañas de excavación arqueológica -durante 2021 y 2022-. Se realizaron análisis de micro (fitolitos) y macrorrestos (carbón) identificándose especies autóctonas, como Anadenanthera colubrina (cebil), Geoffroea deconticars (chañar), Neltuma alba (algarroba blanco), Salix humboldtiana (sauce criollo), Zea mays (maíz), y especies exóticas como Citrus aurantium L. (naranjo agrio). Se pudo relevar la gestión de dichas plantas en una unidad doméstica española y, en este sentido, los resultados muestran la incorporación y naturalización de la flora exótica en el área de la ciudad, como también la continuidad en el uso de ciertas especies nativas. La articulación de diferentes líneas de evidencia permitió mostrar los cambios ocurridos en el paisaje natural de la zona, vinculados también con las modificaciones socioeconómicas generadas por la conquista española.

BACKGROUND. Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease with an Africa-wide prevalence of 1.7%. CE is caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, with the liver being the most commonly affected organ. In South Africa (SA), there is a paucity of data on liver CE demographics and management. OBJECTIVES. To describe the demographics and clinical profile of patients with liver CE in a single tertiary hospital in Eastern Cape Province, SA. METHODS. A 4-year (2019 - 2022) retrospective clinical record review study was conducted on patients presenting with liver CE to the Department of Surgery at Frere Hospital. The demographics, clinical characteristics and management of patients with liver CE are reported. RESULTS. A total of 56 patients diagnosed with and managed for liver CE were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 37.5 years. Abdominal pain (n=39; 69.6%) was the most common presenting symptom, and a palpable abdominal mass (n=36; 64.3%) was the predominant presenting sign. Most patients had disease confined to the liver (n=35; 62.5%). The right lobe of the liver was most commonly affected (n=38; 67.9%), and most patients had a single liver cyst on imaging (n=32; 57.1%). The majority of the patients ( n=36; 64.3%) were managed with surgical partial cystectomy, with a perioperative bile leak being the most common complication. CONCLUSION. In our setting, liver CE contributes to a significant local burden of the disease. The disease often has a nonspecific clinical presentation, necessitating imaging for the diagnosis. We observed good short-term outcomes in patients managed with combined partial cystectomy and medical therapy, although there is a risk of perioperative bile leak.

Resumen La visión por computadora (VC) puede ser un proceso que facilite algunas tareas en la gestión de inventarios, por medio de este proceso se puede realizar un análisis permanente de un inventario y así mantener registro de todos los movimientos realizados, entregando un reporte instantáneo cuando sea requerido. Esto supone una mejora en la seguridad, ya que al mantener un control estricto de los elementos existentes en el inventario se puede saber si un elemento pertenece o no a un inventario o cuando se retira o agrega un elemento, tras esta necesidad de control de inventario, surge la necesidad de diseñar un sistema inteligente que pueda facilitar el control de inventarios. Mediante la combinación de 2 frameworks, se realiza la creación de un algoritmo capaz de realizar la identificación y conteo de objetos, así como la identificación de la mano para determinar cuándo se realiza una manipulación humana al inventario. Para lograr este objetivo, se utilizaron dos algoritmos: MediaPipe y YOLOv5 combinado con el dataset de COCO, el primero se usó para la detección de manos y el segundo identifica y cuenta los objetos. Después de las pruebas realizadas al algoritmo se determina que el reconocimiento de manos de MediaPipe tuvo una precisión del 96% y la detección y clasificación de objetos usando YOLO fue de 43.7%. Teniendo como retos el algoritmo la superposición, la oclusión/auto oclusión de los objetos, o la pérdida de foco de los elementos debido al sensor.

Abstract Computer vision (CV) can be a process that facilitates some tasks in inventory management, through this process a permanent analysis of an inventory can be performed and thus keep record of all movements made, delivering an instant report when required. This means an improvement in security, since by keeping a strict control of the existing elements in the inventory it is possible to know if an element belongs or not to an inventory or when an element is removed or added, after this need for inventory control, the need arises to design an intelligent system that can facilitate inventory control. Through the combination of 2 frameworks, the creation of an algorithm capable of performing the identification and counting of objects, as well as the identification of the hand to determine when a human manipulation is performed to the inventory. To achieve this objective, two algorithms were used: MediaPipe and YOLOv5 combined with the COCO dataset, the first one was used for hand detection and the second one identifies and counts the objects. After testing the algorithm, it was determined that the hand recognition of MediaPipe had an accuracy of 96% and the detection and classification of objects using YOLO was 43.7%. Challenges for the algorithm were overlapping, occlusion/self-occlusion of objects, or loss of focus of items due to the sensor.

ABSTRACT The state of technical and scientific development of Information Sciences today is characterized, taking as an example the theoretical models that evidence its emergence, development and evolution, focusing attention on the social impact that its connection with Art has. The work addresses the social purpose of this Science, which can be linked to the History of Art, for joint purposes. The objective of this study is to substantiate, from the perspective of Science, Technology, Society and Innovation (STS+I), the need to develop a proposal of requirements for the representation of information about the works of art of the National Museum of Fine Arts of Cuba, as an instrument of social value of art-document management relationships. Finally, the ethical-professional nature is analyzed, as well as the responsibility and social commitment involved in establishing the correlations of Science and Art in a space of museum institutionalization.

RESUMEN Se caracteriza el estado de desarrollo técnico y científico de las Ciencias de la Información en la actualidad, teniendo como ejemplo los modelos teóricos que evidencian su surgimiento, desarrollo y evolución, centrando la atención en el impacto social que tiene su nexo con el Arte. En el trabajo se aborda el objeto social de esta Ciencia, que puede ser vinculada con la Historia del Arte, para propósitos conjuntos. El objetivo del presente estudio es fundamentar desde la perspectiva Ciencia, Tecnología, Sociedad e Innovación (CTS+I), la necesidad de elaborar una propuesta de requisitos para la representación de información de las obras de arte del Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de Cuba, como instrumento de valor social de las relaciones arte-gestión documental. Por último, se analiza el carácter ético-profesional, así como la responsabilidad y compromiso social que supone establecer las correlaciones de la Ciencia y el Arte en un espacio de institucionalización museística.

BACKGROUND. Registrars in specialisation training programmes encounter numerous difficulties in completing the research component of the Master of Medicine degree. Poor patient record-keeping hinders the research process. OBJECTIVES. To investigate current types of medical patient record-keeping systems (electronic v. paper) in training health facilities, and the effect data accessibility has on specialist training and research. METHODS. This was a mixed-methods study that included both descriptive and analytical components. Of 610 postgraduate students enrolled in the University of KwaZulu-Natal College of Health Sciences Master of Medicine programme, 168 completed a cross-sectional survey to collect data and 11 did follow-up interviews. The survey and interviews explored issues related to medical record-keeping in the participants' department or hospital, emphasising their experiences with data access while conducting research. The quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and the qualitative data were analysed thematically. Ethical approval was obtained from the institution's Biomedical Research Ethics Committee. RESULTS. Of the 168 participants, 94 (56%) reported that problems with data access hindered their research, while 56 (33%) indicated that data access did not affect their research. Only 30 participants (18%) had no difficulty in obtaining data for their research, while the rest (n=138; 82%) experienced varying degrees of difficulty. A total of 110 participants (65%) indicated that paper-based record-keeping was mainly being used in their department or hospital, while electronic record-keeping was reported by the rest (n=58; 35%). Many (n=125; 74%) expressed the need to improve hospital data management practices, and 39 (23%) reported that plans were being implemented to improve these practices. Participants expressed frustration with regard to accessing data even in departments that used electronic systems, and they raised concerns regarding data security. CONCLUSION. The migration to electronic patient record-keeping has not yet been implemented in many hospitals, with poor patient record-keeping affecting training and research.

ABSTRACT Introduction: the medical record is the most important legal document in healthcare management, systematically reflecting the biological, psychological, and social aspects of the patient. The creation of the electronic medical record at the 'Dr. Carlos Castellanos Blanco' Nursing Home benefits both the patient and the professional due to the security and confidence it provides. Objective: to develop the architecture for managing the information of medical records at the 'Dr. Carlos Castellanos Blanco' Nursing Home in Pinar del Río. Methods: the research is based on observation, interviews with those involved in the processes, and document review, incorporating technological innovation using Extreme Programming as the methodology for software analysis and design stages. Unified Modeling Language (UML) and StarUML are employed for artifact modeling, and Axure Rp is used to create the prototype of the computer application. Results: it allowed the analysis, management, and decision-making in all patient entry processes related to medical records in the nursing home. Conclusions: a prototype was developed that facilitated the evaluation of the computer application with the doctors before its implementation, ensuring its alignment with the proposed objective.

RESUMEN Introducción: la historia clínica es el documento legal de mayor importancia en la gestión médica asistencial, donde se reflejan, de forma sistemática, los aspectos biológicos, psicológicos y sociales del enfermo. Con la creación de la Historia Clínica electrónica del Hogar de Ancianos se beneficia el paciente y el profesional por la seguridad y confianza que genera. Objetivo: desarrollar la arquitectura para la gestión de la información de las historias clínicas, en el Hogar de Ancianos “Dr. Carlos Castellanos Blanco” de Pinar del Río. Métodos: investigación apoyada en la observación, la entrevista con los implicados en los procesos y la revisión de documentos, siendo la misma de innovación tecnológica utilizando la Programación Extrema como metodología para el desarrollo de las etapas de análisis y diseño del software; el Lenguaje Unificado de Modelado y StarUML la herramienta para la modelación de los artefactos y el Axure Rp para elaborar el prototipo de la aplicación informática. Resultados: permitió analizar, gestionar y toma de decisiones en todos los procesos de entrada al paciente que se realiza con relación a la historia clínica en el hogar de anciano. Conclusiones: se desarrolló un prototipo que facilitó la evaluación de la aplicación informática, con los médicos, antes de su implementación, garantizando que la misma integre el objetivo propuesto.