SUMMARY: Studies have shown an association between homocysteine (Hcy) and several pathological conditions, including cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between Hcy and testicular disorders is still unclear. The present study investigated the effects of Hcy on testicular structure. Thirteen adult Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups. The control group and the methionine group received an oral solution of L-methionine 200 mg /kg per day for six months. Blood samples and testes were collected for subsequent experiments. Serum levels of Hcy and testosterone were analyzed. We examined the histopathological and immunohistochemical localization of GATA-4, vimentin (VIM), connexin-43 (Cx-43), occludin (OCLN), androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) in the rat testis. Results showed that rats receiving methionine showed a reduction in body and testicular weights. Histological and immunohistochemical examination of the testicular tissues of methionine group showed altered structure of seminiferous tubules with decreased immunoexpression of Cx-43, GATA-4, OCLN, VIM, AR, ESR1 and ESR2 compared to control. The results suggest that Hcy has a negative effect on the testes with a probable disruption of spermatogenesis.

RESUMEN: Estudios han demostrado una asociación entre la homocisteína (Hcy) y varias afecciones patológicas, incluidas las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Sin embargo, la relación entre Hcy y los trastornos testiculares aún no está clara. El presente estudio investigó los efectos de la Hcy sobre la estructura testicular. En este trabajo se dividieron trece ratas albinas Wistar adultas en dos grupos. El grupo de control y el grupo de metionina recibieron una solución oral de L-metionina 200 mg/kg por día durante seis meses. Se recogieron muestras de sangre y testículos para experimentos posteriores. Se analizaron los niveles séricos de Hcy y testosterona. Examinamos la localización histopatológica e inmunohistoquímica de GATA-4, vimentina (VIM), conexina-43 (Cx-43), ocludina (OCLN), receptor de andrógenos (AR), receptor de estrógeno 1 (ESR1) y receptor de estrógeno 2 (ESR2) en el testículo de la rata. Los resultados mostraron que las ratas que recibieron metionina presentaron una reducción en el peso corporal y testicular. El examen histológico e inmunohistoquímico de los tejidos testiculares del grupo de metionina mostró una estructura alterada de los túbulos seminíferos con una inmunoexpresión disminuida de Cx-43, GATA-4, OCLN, VIM, AR, ESR1 y ESR2 en comparación con el control. Los resultados sugieren que la Hcy tiene un efecto negativo sobre los testículos con una probable alteración de la espermatogénesis.

Abstract. This work constitutes an approach to the discourse on experiences related to clothed bodies in migrant women of Afro-Caribbean origin in Uruguay, seen from the studies on the body and corporeality. Based on the experiences recounted in a dialogue session and instances of participant observation and in-depth interviews, two main categories of analysis emerge in relation to dressing, respectively: the color of clothing and the clothing of the body associated with the styling of Afro hair. These categories, intersected by the practice of dance, reflect processes of adaptation, resistance, perceptions, learning, contrasts, stereotyping, and contributions to the environment, as well as the ways in which these women face adverse situations in the receiving country of migration. All of this is permeated by discourse. The analysis highlights socio-cultural asymmetries and explicit or implicit violence linked to the construction of gender and race.

Resumen. Este trabajo constituye una aproximación al discurso sobre las experiencias vinculadas al cuerpo vestido en mujeres migrantes de origen afrocaribeño en Uruguay, desde la perspectiva de los estudios sobre el cuerpo y la corporeidad. De las vivencias relatadas en una mesa de diálogo y en instancias de observación participante y entrevistas en profundidad emergen dos categorías de análisis principales en relación con el vestir: el color de la vestimenta y el abrigo del cuerpo asociado al arreglo del cabello afro, respectivamente. Estas categorías, transversalizadas por la práctica del baile, dan cuenta de procesos de adaptación, resistencias, percepciones, aprendizajes, contrastes, estereotipaciones y aportes al medio, así como de los modos en que estas mujeres enfrentan situaciones adversas en el país receptor de la migración. Todo esto permeado por el discurso. El análisis pone de manifiesto asimetrías socioculturales y violencias explícitas o implícitas vinculadas a la construcción del género y la raza.

Abstract Introduction: Malnutrition is a frequent condition in cancer patients and may be present in 40-80% of them. In gastrointestinal surgery, the relationship between preoperative malnutrition and complications has been widely studied, due to the increased risk of postoperative complications. The aim of this study is to determine the association between preoperative nutritional status, according to body mass index (BMI), subjective global assessment (SGA) and the frequency of postoperative complications in patients undergoing elective oncological digestive surgery. Methodology: Observational retrospective cohort study. Patients undergoing elective surgery between April 2019 and April 2020 were included. Patients with disease outside the curative therapeutic scope were excluded. Patients were categorized by type of cancer, surgery performed, neoadjuvant treatment, nutritional parameters (BMI and SGA) and albumin prior to surgery. Postoperative complications were recorded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification (III-V). Results: A total of 201 patients undergoing digestive surgery were included. 83.6% qualified in category B or C according to VGS. Nineteen patients (9.5%) presented postoperative complications. Having a SGA category C is associated with a higher risk of postoperative complications. Other significant variables for developing complications were receiving combined neoadjuvant treatment (CT + RT) and undergoing high nutritional risk surgery. Conclusion: Having a deteriorated nutritional status prior to oncological surgery according to SGA, undergoing high nutritional risk surgery, and/or undergoing combined neoadjuvant treatment significantly increases the risk of developing postoperative complications. The importance of incorporating nutritional assessment and support protocols as part of the multimodal treatment given to the patient from the moment of cancer diagnosis stands out.

Resumen Introducción: La desnutrición es una condición frecuente en pacientes oncológicos y puede estar presente en un 40-80% de éstos. En cirugía gastrointestinal, es ampliamente conocida la relación entre la desnutrición preoperatoria y las complicaciones. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la asociación entre el estado nutricional preoperatorio según el índice de masa corporal (IMC), la valoración global subjetiva (VGS) y la frecuencia de complicaciones postoperatorias en pacientes sometidos a cirugía oncodigestiva electiva. Metodología: Estudio observacional de cohorte retrospectiva. Se incluyeron pacientes sometidos a cirugía digestiva entre abril de 2019 y abril de 2020. Se excluyeron aquellos pacientes con enfermedad fuera de alcance terapéutico curativo. Los pacientes fueron categorizados según el tipo de cáncer, la cirugía realizada, el tratamiento neoadyuvante, los parámetros nutricionales (IMC y VGS) y la albumina preoperatoria. Se registraron las complicaciones postoperatorias de acuerdo con la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo (III-V). Resultados: Se incluyeron 201 pacientes sometidos a cirugía digestiva. El 83,6% calificó en la categoría B o C según VGS. Diecinueve pacientes (9,5%) presentaron complicaciones postoperatorias. Tener una VGS de categoría C se asoció con un mayor riesgo de complicaciones postoperatorias. Otras variables significativas para desarrollar complicaciones fueron recibir tratamiento neoadyuvante combinado (QT + RT) y ser intervenido por una cirugía de alto riesgo nutricional. Conclusión: Tener un estado nutricional deteriorado previo a una cirugía oncológica según VGS, someterse a una cirugía de alto riesgo nutricional y/o someterse a un tratamiento neoadyuvante combinado presentan un mayor riesgo de desarrollar complicaciones postoperatorias. Se destaca la importancia de incorporar protocolos de evaluación y soporte nutricional como parte del tratamiento multimodal impartido desde el diagnóstico oncológico.

ABSTRACT: This study estimated the growth of body, carcass, primal cuts, edible offal, and feathers of Japanese quail reared in two thermal environments, receiving three nutritional plans, from one to 39 days of age. A total of 576 one-day-old female chicks (Coturnix japonica) with an average initial weight of 7.51±0.75g/bird were evaluated in a completely randomized design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (three nutritional plans × two temperatures). The animals were housed in two climatic chambers, at 25 ºC and 35 ºC, using 12 replications with eight birds per experimental unit. Nutritional plans (NP) were as follows: NP1: one diet from 1-21days and another from 22-39 days; NP2: one diet from 1-14 days and another from 15-39 days; and NP3: a single diet from 1-39 days. The growth curves and growth rates of body, carcass, primal cuts, feathers, and edible offal were evaluated using the Gompertz mathematical model. Quail fed NP3 showed higher growth curves and rates for body, carcass, drumstick +thigh, and feather. There was an effect on maturity rate, which was lowest in quail housed at 35 ºC. Among the animals kept at 25 ºC, the group fed NP3 exhibited the highest growth rate and breast weight. The nutritional plan consisting of a single diet offered from 1 to 39 days, formulated based on the tables for Japanese and European quail, is the most suitable for estimating the growth curves (Gompertz model) of Japanese quail housed at 25 ºC or 35 ºC. ABSTRACT body carcass cuts environments age 57 onedayold day old Coturnix japonica 751075gbird gbird 7 51 0 75g bird g temperatures. temperatures . temperatures) chambers unit NP (NP follows NP1 121days 21days 2239 22 22-3 NP2 114 14 1-1 1539 15 15-3 139 1-3 model thigh +thigh feather 5 223 22- 11 1- 153 15- 13

RESUMO: Objetivou-se estimar o crescimento corporal, carcaça, cortes nobres, vísceras comestíveis e penas de codornas japonesas criadas em dois ambientes térmicos e alimentadas com três planos nutricionais de um a 39 dias. Foram utilizadas 576 pintainhas (Coturnix japônica), fêmeas, com um dia de idade, com peso médio inicial 7,51 ± 0,75g/ave, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 × 2 (três planos nutricionais x duas temperaturas), alojadas em duas câmaras climáticas de 25º e 35 ºC, com 12 repetições e oito aves por unidade experimental. Os planos nutricionais foram: plano nutricional um (PN1) - uma dieta de 1-21 dias e uma dieta de 22-39 dias; plano nutricional dois (PN2) - uma dieta de 1-14 dias e uma dieta de 15-39 dias; e plano nutricional três (PN3) - dieta única de 1-39 dias. Foram avaliadas as curvas e taxas de crescimento corporal, carcaça, cortes nobres, penas e vísceras comestíveis, através do modelo matemático de Gompertz. Codornas alimentadas com PN3 apresentaram maiores curvas e taxas de crescimento corporal, de carcaça, coxa + sobrecoxa e penas. Houve efeito para taxa de maturidade, sendo inferior para codornas alojadas em 35 ºC. Nas aves mantidas em 25 ºC, observou-se maior taxa de crescimento e peso de peito nas codornas alimentadas com PN3. O plano nutricional composto por uma única dieta ofertada durante o período de um a 39 dias, formulado com base nas recomendações das tabelas para codornas japonesas e europeias, é o mais indicado para estimar curvas de crescimento no modelo de Gompertz de codornas japonesas alojadas em 25 ºC ou 35 ºC. RESUMO Objetivouse Objetivou se corporal carcaça nobres 57 Coturnix japônica, japônica , japônica) fêmeas idade 751 7 51 7,5 075gave gave 0 75g ave g 0,75g/ave temperaturas, temperaturas temperaturas) º 1 experimental foram PN1 PN (PN1 121 21 1-2 2239 22 22-3 PN2 (PN2 114 14 1-1 1539 15 15-3 (PN3 139 1-3 maturidade observouse observou europeias 5 75 7, (PN 1- 223 22- 11 153 15- 13

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the anthropometric variables and body composition of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy based on the type of enteral diet received. Methods A case-series study involving 38 individuals with spastic quadriparetic cerebral palsy, aged four to 18 years, fed only by the enteral route, followed up at a Reference Hospital in the city of Recife (PE), Brazil. One group received an exclusively industrialized enteral diet, while the other received a mixed diet (industrialized and homemade). Weight, stature, arm circumference, and arm muscle area were measured. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Results There was no significant difference between the groups receiving industrialized and mixed diets, with a high stature deficit frequency (63.6% versus 68.7%; p=0.743), excess fat mass (93.3% versus 58.3%; p=0.060), and fat free mass deficit (73.3% versus 66.7%; p=1.000) observed in both groups. Regarding the nutritional composition of the enteral diet, 54.5% and 53.8% of the individuals in the industrialized and mixed diet groups, respectively, received an industrialized enteral diet with a hypercaloric, hyperlipidic, and hypoproteic nutritional composition. Conclusion It was concluded that there was no difference in anthropometric parameters and body composition based on the type of diet received. It should be considered that the nutritional composition of the most commonly used industrialized diet among the individuals in this study may have influenced the unfavorable outcomes, such as the high frequency of low muscle mass and excess fat mass. This highlights the need for the formulation and availability of an enteral diet that meets the nutritional needs of this population. caseseries case series 3 1 years route PE, PE , (PE) Brazil homemade. homemade . homemade) Weight circumference measured analysis diets 63.6% 636 63 6 (63.6 68.7% 687 68 7 p=0.743, p0743 p p=0.743 0 743 p=0.743) 93.3% 933 93 (93.3 58.3% 583 58 p=0.060, p0060 p=0.060 060 p=0.060) 73.3% 733 73 (73.3 66.7% 667 66 p=1.000 p1000 000 545 54 5 54.5 538 53 8 53.8 respectively hypercaloric hyperlipidic outcomes population (PE 63.6 (63. 68.7 p074 p=0.74 74 93.3 9 (93. 58.3 p006 p=0.06 06 73.3 (73. 66.7 p=1.00 p100 00 54. 53. 63. (63 68. p07 p=0.7 93. (93 58. p00 p=0.0 73. (73 66. p=1.0 p10 (6 p0 p=0. (9 (7 p=1. p1 ( p=0 p=1 p=

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar os parâmetros antropométricos e a composição corporal de crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral em função do tipo de dieta enteral recebida. Métodos Estudo tipo série de casos, envolvendo 38 indivíduos com paralisia cerebral tetraparética espástica entre 4 e 18 anos, alimentados apenas por via alternativa, acompanhados em um Hospital de Referência em Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Um grupo recebia dieta enteral industrializada exclusiva e outro, dieta mista (industrializada e artesanal). Foram aferidos, peso, estatura, circunferência e área muscular do braço. A composição corporal se deu por meio da utilização de bioimpedância elétrica. Resultados Não houve diferença significante entre os grupos dieta industrializada e dieta mista, sendo constatada elevada frequência de déficit estatural (63,6% versus 68,7%; p=0,743), excesso de massa gorda (93,3% versus 58,3%; p=0,060) e déficit de massa livre de gordura (73,3% versus 66,7%; p=1,000), em ambos os grupos. Quanto à composição nutricional da dieta enteral ofertada, 54,5% e 53,8% dos indivíduos nos grupos dieta industrializada e dieta mista, respectivamente, recebiam dieta enteral industrializada de composição nutricional hipercalórica, hiperlipídica e hipoproteica. Conclusão Conclui-se que não houve diferença nos parâmetros antropométricos e na composição corporal em função do tipo de dieta recebida. Deve-se considerar que a composição nutricional da dieta industrializada mais utilizada pelos indivíduos dessa pesquisa pode ter influenciado os resultados desfavoráveis, como a elevada frequência de baixa massa muscular e excesso de massa gorda. Surgindo por sua vez, a necessidade da formulação e disponibilização de uma dieta enteral que atenda às necessidades nutricionais dessa população. recebida casos 3 1 anos alternativa Recife Pernambuco Brasil outro artesanal. artesanal . artesanal) aferidos peso estatura braço elétrica 63,6% 636 63 6 (63,6 68,7% 687 68 7 p=0,743, p0743 p p=0,743 , 0 743 p=0,743) 93,3% 933 93 (93,3 58,3% 583 58 p=0,060 p0060 060 73,3% 733 73 (73,3 66,7% 667 66 p=1,000, p1000 p=1,000 000 p=1,000) ofertada 545 54 5 54,5 538 53 8 53,8 respectivamente hipercalórica hipoproteica Concluise Conclui Devese Deve desfavoráveis vez população 63,6 (63, 68,7 p074 p=0,74 74 93,3 9 (93, 58,3 p=0,06 p006 06 73,3 (73, 66,7 p100 p=1,00 00 54, 53, 63, (63 68, p07 p=0,7 93, (93 58, p=0,0 p00 73, (73 66, p10 p=1,0 (6 p0 p=0, (9 (7 p1 p=1, ( p=0 p=1 p=

ABSTRACT Objective: Bariatric surgery has several benefits, including sustainable weight loss and improvement or resolution of metabolic comorbidities. However, despite initially successful weight loss, weight regain occurs during long-term follow-up, and many patients are unable to reach or maintain their target weight goals. Liraglutide is a therapy for obesity aimed at preventing weight regain. Materials and methods: This retrospective, observational, single-arm, pre-post study was performed to analyze the relative change in body weight among patients receiving liraglutide after bariatric surgery in a real-world setting in Chile. Results: Treatment with liraglutide at a median dose of 1.2 mg was associated with a mean weight loss from baseline to 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months of 5%, 7.7%, 7.6%, 5.8%, and 5.1%, respectively. The mean body mass index reduction was 14.8% at 36 months. Dropout rates were consistent with those of usual obesity treatments. Overall, 70% of the patients were receiving other weight-loss drugs. Liraglutide was well tolerated, but cost barriers led to several patients interrupting its use. Conclusion: Liraglutide is an effective and safe treatment for weight reduction after bariatric surgery in patients receiving routine clinical care in Chile. Objective benefits comorbidities However longterm long term followup, followup follow up, up follow-up goals methods retrospective observational singlearm, singlearm single arm, arm single-arm prepost pre post realworld real world Chile Results 12 1 2 1. 3 6 24 5 5% 77 7 7.7% 76 7.6% 58 8 5.8% 51 5.1% respectively 148 14 14.8 treatments Overall 70 weightloss drugs tolerated use Conclusion 7.7 7.6 5.8 5.1 14. 7. 5.

ABSTRACT The goal of the current study was to determine how selenium-supplemented diets affected the growth performance, carcass traits, and blood biochemistry of Rhode Island Red (RIR) chickens. Organic and inorganic selenium (SE) was fed to the birds at 0.30ppm, whereas the control diet was not supplemented with selenium in either organic or inorganic form. A total of 225 day-old RIR chicks were indiscriminately distributed in three groups according to the experimental diets, in a completely randomized design. Each treatment group was repeated 5 times (replicates), and each replicate had 15 birds. Parameters of growth performance, carcass characteristics, and blood biochemistry were assessed. Birds fed an inorganic selenium-supplemented diet had higher feed intake than those fed an organic selenium-supplemented diet or the control diet, whereas birds fed an organic selenium-supplemented diet had higher body weight gains and better feed conversion ratios. Birds fed organic SE in the diet showed higher breast and thigh weight than those receiving inorganic Se, whereas dressing percentage, drumstick yield, and weights of liver, gizzard, heart, and wing were not significantly different across treatments. The organic Se group showed higher values for total protein and globulin in the blood relative to those fed inorganic Se and the control diet. Similarly, organic Se fed birds showed higher blood Se concentration than the other two groups. However, no significant differences in albumin, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and uric acid were observed among the diets. These results lead to the conclusion that organic Se may be utilized in diets to improve the poor performance of RIR chicken. seleniumsupplemented traits (RIR chickens (SE 030ppm ppm 0 30ppm 0.30ppm form 22 dayold day old design replicates, replicates , (replicates) 1 characteristics assessed ratios percentage yield liver gizzard heart treatments Similarly However albumin glucose cholesterol triglycerides chicken 2 (replicates

ABSTRACT Purpose: Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) extract has several health benefits and anti-obesogenic effects. The aim of the present study was to assess whether the medicinal properties attributable to HS would prevent or mitigate bladder changes induced by obesity in an experimental model. Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were submitted to one of four different dietary interventions (12 animals each): G1, standard diet and water (controls); G2, standard diet and HS tea; G3, a palatable high-fat diet and water; and G4, high-fat diet diet and HS tea. The animals were monitored for body weight, feed, and water and tea intake, according to the allocated group. After 16 weeks, the animals were euthanized, and the levels of creatinine, inflammatory cytokines, testosterone, cholesterol, triglycerides, and electrolytes were evaluated. In addition, histopathological analysis of the animals’ bladder was performed. Results: Groups receiving HS (G2 and G4) showed decreased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1α. HS tea was able to reduce low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels in the G2 group compared to other groups. Only in the G3 there was a significant increase in the body weight when it was compared the 12th and 16th weeks. Leptin was shown to be elevated in the groups that received a high-fat diet. There was a significant decrease in the muscle fibers thickness and in the total collagen count in G4 bladder when compared with G1 and G3. Conclusions: HS has an anti-inflammatory role, can reverse hyperlipidemia in rats, and reduced deleterious effects of obesity on these animals’ bladder. Purpose (HS antiobesogenic anti obesogenic model Methods Fortyeight Forty eight 12 (1 each each) G controls (controls) highfat high fat feed intake 1 weeks euthanized creatinine cytokines testosterone cholesterol triglycerides evaluated addition performed Results (G proinflammatory pro interleukin1α. interleukin1α interleukinα interleukin 1α. 1α α interleukin-1α lowdensity low density th Conclusions antiinflammatory role ( (controls

ABSTRACT Our objective was to compare performance and carcass characteristics of backgrounding steers grazing poor quality pasture, receiving energy or protein supplements during summer, and on subsequent finishing period. Sixty Hereford steers (14 months; 348±33 kg body weight [BW]) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to one of three treatments (n = 20 per treatment): control (non-supplemented) and supplemented at 0.8% BW with whole grain of corn (CS) or lupin bean (LS) (phase I; 77 days). Over the following 84 days, none of the steers had access to supplement (phase II). During phases I and II, steers grazed together endophyte-infected tall fescue. In the last phase (phase III; 176 days), and until slaughter, steers grazed lucerne and orchard grass and were supplemented at 0.8% BW with high-moisture sorghum grain. Data were evaluated as a complete block randomized design with three treatments. Intake of supplement in CS and LS groups was 1.9 and 2.4 kg DM/d, respectively. Steers supplemented with lupin showed an improvement in the supplement conversion efficiency (5.7:1 vs. 10.0:1). At the end of phase I, BW and average daily gain were different between groups (LS > CS > control). Final body weight in phase II was greater in supplemented steers than in control steers. At slaughter, supplemented groups had greater hot carcass weight than the control group. The advantage obtained by supplementing steers with lupin, compared with corn, was lost in the subsequent phases, as reflected by the absence of differences in carcass weight. Our data illustrate that in similar scenario, energy supplementation is adequate and there is not any extra benefit of adding protein by the use of lupins when considering cattle management and economic factors. pasture summer period 14 (1 months 34833 348 33 348±3 [BW] n 2 treatment treatment) nonsupplemented non (non-supplemented 08 0 8 0.8 (CS 7 days. days . days) II. II) endophyteinfected endophyte infected fescue III 17 , slaughter highmoisture high moisture 19 1 9 1. 24 4 2. DMd DM d DM/d respectively 5.71 571 5.7 5 (5.7: vs 10.01. 1001 10.0 10 10.0:1) control. control) group scenario factors ( 3483 34 3 348± [BW 0. 71 57 5. (5.7 01 10.01 100 10. 10.0:1 (5. 10.0: (5

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate factors influencing intrapartum fever in parturients receiving epidural labor analgesia. METHODS: This study included 410 parturients who received epidural labor analgesia at the authors’ hospital between February 2022 and February 2024. Participants were divided into a fever group (>37.5℃) and a control group (<37.5℃) based on their body temperature post-analgesia. General data, gestational comorbidities, and intrapartum-related conditions were compared. Influencing factors were analyzed using the chi-squared test and logistic regression. RESULTS: Intrapartum fever occurred in 90 parturients (22.0%). Univariate analysis indicated that maternal age (p=0.046), parity (p=0.042), oxytocin use (p=0.041), and timing of analgesia (p<0.001) were associated with intrapartum fever. Multivariate analysis revealed that the timing of analgesia (OR 3.612, 95%CI 1.533–8.510) and amniotic fluid contamination degrees I (OR 1.072, 95%CI 1.012–3.082) and II (OR 2.874, 95%CI 1.901–9.092) were independent risk factors. No significant differences were found between the fever and control groups in body mass index, gestational age, gestational comorbidities, and artificial membrane rupture (p>0.05). Intrapartum fever increased the rate of neonatal fever within 2 h after birth (41.7 vs 18.6%, p<0.05) but did not significantly affect other neonatal health indicators. CONCLUSION: Timing of analgesia and amniotic fluid contamination are significant factors influencing intrapartum fever in parturients receiving epidural labor analgesia. OBJECTIVE METHODS 41 authors 202 2024 >37.5℃ 375 37 5 (>37.5℃ <37.5℃ (<37.5℃ postanalgesia. postanalgesia post post-analgesia data comorbidities intrapartumrelated related compared chisquared chi squared regression RESULTS 9 22.0%. 220 22.0% . 22 0 (22.0%) p=0.046, p0046 p p=0.046 , 046 (p=0.046) p=0.042, p0042 p=0.042 042 (p=0.042) p=0.041, p0041 p=0.041 041 (p=0.041) p<0.001 p0001 001 (p<0.001 OR 3612 3 612 3.612 95CI CI 95 1.533–8.510 15338510 1 533 8 510 1072 072 1.072 1.012–3.082 10123082 012 082 2874 874 2.874 1.901–9.092 19019092 901 092 index p>0.05. p005 p>0.05 05 (p>0.05) 41.7 417 7 (41. 186 18 6 18.6% p<0.05 indicators CONCLUSION 4 20 >37.5 (>37.5 <37.5 (<37.5 22.0 (22.0% p004 p=0.04 04 (p=0.046 (p=0.042 (p=0.041 p<0.00 p000 00 (p<0.00 361 61 3.61 1.533–8.51 1533851 53 51 107 07 1.07 1.012–3.08 1012308 01 08 287 87 2.87 1.901–9.09 1901909 09 p00 p>0.0 (p>0.05 41. (41 18.6 p<0.0 >37. (>37. <37. (<37. 22. (22.0 p=0.0 (p=0.04 (p<0.0 36 3.6 1.533–8.5 153385 10 1.0 1.012–3.0 101230 28 2.8 1.901–9.0 190190 p0 p>0. (p>0.0 (4 18. p<0. >37 (>37 <37 (<37 (22. p=0. (p=0.0 (p<0. 3. 1.533–8. 15338 1. 1.012–3. 10123 2. 1.901–9. 19019 p>0 (p>0. ( p<0 >3 (>3 <3 (<3 (22 p=0 (p=0. (p<0 1.533–8 1533 1.012–3 1012 1.901–9 1901 p> (p>0 p< > (> < (< (2 p= (p=0 (p< 1.533– 153 1.012– 101 1.901– 190 (p> (p= (p 1.533 15 1.012 1.901 19 1.53 1.01 1.90 1.5 1.9

Abstract The production of the enzymes α-amylase, glucoamylase, and xylanase by Aspergillus niger DR02 was studied using waste from the Brazilian cassava flour industry. Cassava wastewater (manipueira) at 30% (v/v) was used, either supplemented (M30F10) or not (M30) with 10 g/L of cassava peel flour as a carbon source. Variables such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), proteins, reducing sugars, glucose, nitrate, ammonia, and enzymatic activities were monitored. The results for M30F10 and M30 at 30°C and pH 5.00 showed similar COD removals of 82.88%±12.00 and 82.41%±7.00, respectively. Despite the significant reduction in organic load, the final effluent still requires post-treatment before being discharged into the receiving water body. The addition of cassava peel flour favored the maximum production of 18.40 U/mL±0.15 α-amylase in 72 hours of cultivation, 14.80 U/mL±0.91 xylanase in 96 hours, and 4.50 U/mL±0.29 pectinase in 24 hours. Without medium supplementation, the highest glucoamylase activity (19.90 U/mL±1.01) was obtained in 96 hours. The kinetic adjustment to a first-order model (R²: 0.9998) confirmed the highest efficiency for α-amylase production when the medium was supplemented with peel flour (M30F10), with a production rate of 7.07 x 10⁻² h⁻¹, while the highest glucoamylase production rate was obtained in M30 (3.251 x 10⁻² h⁻¹; R²: 0.9975). These results confirm the effects of mitigating environmental impact and the commercial value enhancement of cassava flour industry waste through biodegradation with the studied strain. αamylase, αamylase α amylase, amylase DR DR0 manipueira (manipueira 30 v/v vv v (v/v used MF M F (M30F10 (M30 1 gL g L source COD, , (COD) proteins sugars glucose nitrate ammonia monitored M30F1 M3 30C C 500 5 00 5.0 82881200 82 88 12 82.88%±12.0 8241700 41 7 82.41%±7.00 respectively load posttreatment post treatment body 1840 18 40 18.4 UmL015 UmL U mL 0 15 U/mL±0.1 cultivation 1480 14 80 14.8 UmL091 91 U/mL±0.9 9 450 4 50 4.5 UmL029 29 U/mL±0.2 2 supplementation 19.90 1990 19 90 (19.9 U/mL±1.01 UmL101 01 firstorder first order R² R (R² 0.9998 09998 9998 M30F10, 707 07 7.0 10² ² 10⁻ h¹ h ¹ h⁻¹ 3.251 3251 3 251 (3.25 0.9975. 09975 0.9975 . 9975 0.9975) strain (M30F1 (M3 (COD M30F 5. 8288120 8 82.88%±12. 824170 82.41%±7.0 184 18. UmL01 U/mL±0. 148 14. UmL09 45 4. UmL02 19.9 199 (19. U/mL±1.0 UmL10 (R 0.999 0999 999 70 7. h⁻ 3.25 325 25 (3.2 0997 0.997 997 (M30F (M 828812 82.88%±12 82417 82.41%±7. UmL0 U/mL±0 19. (19 U/mL±1. UmL1 0.99 099 99 3.2 32 (3. 82881 82.88%±1 8241 82.41%±7 U/mL± (1 U/mL±1 0.9 09 3. (3 8288 82.88%± 824 82.41%± U/mL ( 0. 828 82.88% 82.41% 82.88 82.41 82.8 82.4 82.

Global aflatoxin contamination of agricultural commodities is of the most concern in food safety and quality. This study investigated the hepatoprotective effect of 80% methanolic leaf extract of Annona senegalensis against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced toxicity in rats. A. senegalensis has shown to inhibit genotoxicity of aflatoxin B1 in vitro. The rats were divided into six groups including untreated control, aflatoxin B1 only (negative control); curcumin (positive control; 10 mg/kg); and three groups receiving different doses (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 300 mg/kg) of A. senegalensis extract. The rats received treatment (with the exception of untreated group) for 7 days prior to intoxication with aflatoxin B1. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine were measured. Hepatic tissues were analysed for histological alterations. Administration of A. senegalensis extract demonstrated hepatoprotective effects against aflatoxin B1-induced toxicity in vivo by significantly reducing the level of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase and regenerating the hepatocytes. No significant changes were observed in the levels of alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine for the AFB1 intoxicated group, curcumin+AFB1 and Annona senegalensis leaf extract (ASLE)+AFB1 (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 300 mg/kg body weight [b.w.]) treated groups. Annona senegalensis is a good candidate for hepatoprotective agents and thus its use in traditional medicine may at least in part be justified. CONTRIBUTION: The plant extract investigated in this study can be used in animal health to protect the organism from toxicity caused by mycotoxins.

Abstract This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis among elderly individuals receiving treatment at a designated reference center and to identify associated factors. The research employed a cross-sectional, analytical design, involving the collection of data from medical records and interviews with elderly individuals undergoing treatment at the Reference Center for Health Care for the Elderly (CRASI), specifically those who underwent bone densitometry examinations in the years 2017 and 2018. Bivariate analysis was conducted to explore the association between osteoporosis and various group characteristics, including sociodemographic profile, Body Mass Index (BMI), lifestyle habits, care, and health conditions. Variables showing an association up to a significance level of 20% (p ≤ .20) were collectively evaluated through Poisson multiple regression with a robust estimator. Only variables demonstrating a significance level of up to 5% were admitted to the final model. The prevalence of osteoporosis was found to be 48.5%. In the final model, the following variables were identified as being associated: female sex (RP = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.36 - 2.60), age over 80 years old (RP = 1.55; 95%CI: 1.29 - 1.85), BMI less than 22 (RP = 1.23; 95%CI: 1.02 - 1.49), and as a protective factor, BMI above 27 (RP = .52; 95%CI: .41 - .67). In conclusion, a high prevalence of osteoporosis was observed, with associations identified between osteoporosis and modifiable factors such as low weight, as well as non-modifiable factors including sex and age. No significant associations were discerned with variables related to lifestyle habits.

Resumo Este estudo objetivou estimar a prevalência de osteoporose em idosos atendidos em um centro de referência e identificar fatores associados. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, analítico, com coleta de dados em prontuários médicos e entrevistas aos idosos atendidos no Centro de Referência em Assistência à Saúde dos Idosos (CRASI), e que realizaram exame de densitometria óssea nos anos de 2017 e 2018. Utilizou-se análise bivariada para investigar a associação entre osteoporose e características do grupo: perfil sociodemográfico, Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), hábitos de vida, cuidados e condições de saúde. As variáveis com associação até o nível de 20% (p ≤ .20) foram avaliadas de forma conjunta por regressão múltipla de Poisson com estimador robusto, admitindo-se para o modelo final apenas as variáveis com nível de significância de até 5%. A prevalência de osteoporose foi de 48.5%. No modelo final ficaram associadas as variáveis: sexo feminino (RP = 1.88; IC95%: 1.36 - 2.60), idade acima de 80 anos (RP = 1.55; IC95%: 1.29 - 1.85), IMC menor que 22 (RP = 1.23; IC95%: 1.02 - 1.49) e como protetor IMC acima de 27 (RP = .52; IC95%: .41 - .67). Concluindo,verificou-se alta prevalência de osteoporose e associação como fator modificável o baixo peso e outros não modificáveis: sexo e idade. Não foram identificadas associações com variáveis relacionadas aos hábitos de vida.

Resumen Introducción: los lactantes que reciben lactancia materna completa (LMC) regulan su apetito de manera diferente a los que reciben sucedáneos de la leche humana (SLH). Además, la exposición temprana al colesterol en la leche humana conduciría a mejor regulación del colesterol en etapas posteriores de la vida. El propósito fue de comparar el perfil lípidos en lactantes de cuatro meses y correlacionarlo con indicadores antropométricos y hormonas reguladoras del apetito según el tipo de alimentación. Métodos: en un estudio transversal y correlacional se incluyeron 145 díadas madre-lactante según el tipo de alimentación; 64 recibieron LMC, 47 lactancia materna parcial (LMP) y 34 SLH. Se midió el perfil lipídico, grelina total, leptina, péptido YY y péptido tipo 1 similar al glucagón. Se obtuvieron puntajes Z para peso/edad, longitud/edad, peso/longitud, pliegue cutáneo tricipital y subescapular e índice de masa corporal para la edad. Resultados: hubo diferencias significativas en triglicéridos y colesterol LDL según el tipo de alimentación. En el grupo HMS se observó una relación inversa entre grelina y triglicéridos (p = 0,038), grelina y colesterol total (TC) (p = 0,026), y péptido YY y colesterol HDL (p = 0,017). En el grupo PBF hubo relación directa entre longitud/edad (z) y triglicéridos (p = 0,001) y entre pliegues subescapulares y CT (p = 0,049). En los lactantes que recibieron HMS, se observó una correlación directa entre peso/edad (z) y CT (p = 0,045) y entre longitud/edad (z) y colesterol LDL (p = 0,010). Conclusión: los hallazgos muestran una relación entre perfil lipídico, crecimiento, reserva energética y modulación de las hormonas reguladoras del apetito según el tipo de alimentación.

Abstract Background: infants receiving full breastfeeding (FBF) regulate their appetites differently from those receiving human milk substitutes (HMS). In addition, early exposure to the dietary cholesterol in human milk could lead to better cholesterol regulation in later stages of life. Therefore, the purpose was to compare lipid profiles in 4-month-old infants and to correlate lipid profile with anthropometric indicators and appetite-regulating hormones according to the type of feeding. Methods: this was a cross-sectional and correlational study, which included 145 mother-infant dyads according to the type of feeding; 64 received FBF, 47 partial breastfeeding (PBF), and 34 HMS. The complete lipid profile, total ghrelin, leptin, peptide YY, and glucagon-like peptide type 1 were measured. Z-scores for weight/age, length/age, weight/length, triceps (TSF) and subscapular folds (SSF) and body mass index for age were also obtained. Results: there were significant differences in triglycerides and LDL cholesterol according to the type of feeding. In the HMS group, an inverse relationship was observed between ghrelin and triglycerides (p = 0.038), ghrelin and total cholesterol (TC) (p = 0.026), and peptide YY and HDL cholesterol (p = 0.017). In the PBF group, a direct relationship was observed between length/age (z) and triglycerides (p = 0.001) and between subscapular folds and TC (p = 0.049). In infants receiving HMS, a direct correlation was observed between weight/age (z) and TC (p = 0.045) and beFfigtween length/age (z) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.010). Conclusion: these findings show a relationship between growth, energy reserve, lipid profile, and modulation of appetite-regulating hormones according to the type of feeding they received.

Introdução: A violência contra as pessoas idosas é um importante problema de saúde pública, visto que o desgate natural do corpo decorrente do processo de envelhecimento, as torna mais vulneráveis. Neste contexto, torna-se relevante sensibilizar a sociedade como um todo para o enfrentamento do problema, podendo ser utilizados games como estratégias educativas ativas para a abordagem da temática. Objetvo: Relatar a experiência de um grupo de universitários de diferentes áreas do conhecimento, no processo de Gamificação voltados para a prevenção de violência contra a pessoa idosa. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, que utilizou da técnica de relato de experiência. Para sua organização, seguiram os seguintes passos: descrição do período temporal, do local, do eixo da experiência, tipo de vivência, público da ação interventiva, recursos, ações, instrumentos, critérios de análise e da eticidade. Foi desenvolvido em um Município de médio porte, envolvendo universitários de diversas áreas de formação, no período de dezembro de 2022 a fevereiro de 2023. Resultados: Participaram da atividade 40 estudantes de diferentes áreas de formação, os quais foram divididos em seis pequenos grupos, após receberem instruções sobre a violência contra a pessoa idosa e gamificação por especialistas na temática. Foram elaboradas seis propostas de games, para serem desenvolvidas em diferentes cenários e atores. Conclusões: A Gamificação representa um potente instrumento para estimular e favorecer o desenvolvimento da capacidade de elaborar soluções passíveis, colaborando na abordagem de temáticas sensíveis, como é o caso da violência contra a pessoa idosa, por meio de ações de prevenção, e conscientização e de aprendizagem significativa.

Introduction: Violence against the elderly is an important public health problem, since the natural wear and tear of the body resulting from the aging process makes them more vulnerable. In this context, it is important to sensitize society as a whole to face the problem, and games can be used as active educational strategies to approach the theme. Objective: To report the experience of a group of university students from different areas of knowledge, in the Gamification process aimed at preventing violence against the elderly. Methods: This is a qualitative study, which used the experience report technique. For its organization, the following steps were followed: description of the time period, the place, the axis of the experience, type of experience, public of the interventional action, resources, actions, instruments, analysis criteria and ethics. It was developed in a medium-sized municipality, involving university students from different areas of training, from December 2022 to February 2023. Results: 40 students from different areas of training participated in the activity, which were divided into six small groups, after receiving instructions on violence against the elderly and gamification by specialists in the subject. Six game proposals were elaborated, to be developed in different scenarios and actors. Conclusions: Gamification represents a powerful instrument to stimulate and favor the development of the ability to elaborate passable solutions, collaborating in the approach of sensitive themes, as is the case of violence against the elderly, through prevention actions, and awareness and meaningful learning.