Abstract This paper’s research focuses on a multidimensional racism suffered by Haitians migrants in the Dominican Republic, which appears to be social and political as well. The direct experience of the author in the Dominican Republic strengthens an empirical and theoretical analysis for questioning a possible correlation between Dominican politics, nationalism, and popular support for the general exclusion, within the Dominican national system, of Haitian migrants. Through an initial review of relevant literature, from the fields of Sociology and Migration, this article defines the concept of Agamben’s Homo Sacer. Agamben’s theoretical contribution is useful to identify the state’s will to exclude Haitian migrants. In addition, Sayad’s concept of State-thinking will also be used. Moreover, the historical focus on community’s search for national identity relies on Rappaport’s works and then related to the Dominican Republic. Exclusion and marginalization of Haitian migrants is also analyzed by outlining the lack of governmental data and updated information about immigrants, leading to hypothetical correlations between State-promoted illegalization of Haitian migrants, enforced by local politics, and a social dimension of racial nationalism. With a focus on International Relations on Political Science, the study describes that the current Dominican government, headed by President Luis Abinader, shows a trend influenced by a past heritage of political realism and nationalism in its bilateral relations with Haiti, since, it is worth noting, there seems to be relevant consensus in the Dominican society for such hardline policies.

Resumen Este trabajo analiza la presencia de un racismo multidimensional, de carácter social y político, padecido por los migrantes haitianos en República Dominicana. La experiencia directa del autor en República Dominicana motiva la búsqueda de un análisis empírico y teórico que pueda interrogarse sobre una posible correlación entre el nacionalismo en la política dominicana y el apoyo popular hacia la exclusión de los migrantes haitianos en el sistema nacional dominicano. A través de una inicial revisión de la literatura de referencia del campo sociológico y migratorio, se define el concepto de Homo Sacer expuesto por Agamben. El aporte teórico de Agamben es útil para identificar la voluntad estatal de excluir a los migrantes haitianos. Además, se tomará el concepto de pensamiento de Estado identificado por Sayad, mientras que el foco histórico en la cuestión identitaria dominicana cuenta con aportes procedentes de las obras de Rappaport. La marginalización y exclusión de los migrantes haitianos se estudia también cuestionando la ausencia de datos y registros actualizados por el Gobierno dominicano, queriendo proponer eventuales correlaciones entre la ilegalización estatal de los migrantes haitianos, con el aval de la política dominicana, y una forma social de nacionalismo racial. Utilizando también un enfoque propio de las Relaciones Internacionales y la Ciencia Política, se describe cómo el actual gobierno de República Dominicana, encabezado por el presidente Luis Abinader, muestra una tendencia hacia pasados elementos de realismo político y nacionalismo en las relaciones bilaterales con Haití, donde, cabe incluir, encuentra un efectivo consenso por parte de la sociedad dominicana.

Resumen. El presente artículo busca describir la crítica de F. H. Jacobi a la filosofía trascendental en torno al problema de la afección y la cosa en sí. Esta crítica atribuye al pensamiento de Kant un idealismo incompatible con toda noción de realismo. La interpretación de Jacobi, sin embargo, se apoya sobre un desconocimiento de la naturaleza metodológico-trascendental no solo de la terminología involucrada en el problema de la afección, sino de toda la reflexión kantiana acerca del conocimiento. El modelo exegético de la two aspects view ha proporcionado instrumentos que nos permiten una reconstrucción hermenéutica del problema de la afección y ponen en evidencia el extravío metodológico en la crítica de Jacobi.

Abstract. This paper seeks to describe F. H. Jacobi’s critique of transcendental philosophy concerning the problem of affection and the thing in itself. This critique attributes to Kant’s thought an idealism incompatible with any notion of realism. Jacobi’s interpretation, however, rests on an ignorance of the methodological-transcendental nature not only of the terminology involved in the problem of affection, but of the whole Kantian reflection about knowledge. The exegetical model of the two aspects view has provided instruments that allowed for a hermeneutical reconstruction of the problem of affection and put in evidence the methodological mistake present in Jacobi’s critique.

ABSTRACT: The painting Las floristas indias, by Camilo Egas, changed the representation of the indigenous in the plastic arts of Ecuador. Before that painting, the indigenous, from positivism, was objectified until erasing the traces that revealed their subjectivity. After this painting, the representation of the indigenous, in a naturalistic conception, was endowed with a social context, a geographical landscape and a historical development. However, this new representation, under the influence of 'social realism', degenerated into a reprehensible representation.

RESUMEN: El cuadro Las floristas indias, de Camilo Egas, significó una ruptura en la representación del indígena en las artes plásticas del Ecuador. Con anterioridad a este cuadro, el indígena, bajo una mirada positivista, quedaba objetivado hasta borrar las huellas que revelaran su subjetividad. Después del mencionado cuadro, la representación del indígena, en una concepción naturalista, se dotó de un contexto social, de un paisaje geográfico y de un devenir histórico. Sin embargo, esa nueva mirada, bajo la influencia del “realismo social”, degeneró en una representación repudiable.

Abstract This article offers an approach to Revista de España (1868-1895), reviewing its origin and historical relevance in order to comment on some of its material and morphological aspects, as well as to focus on its literary sections. For nearly 30 years this publication founded by José Luis Albareda, thanks to its eclectic spirit, brought together prominent figures from the cultural and political scene of the second half of the 19th century. Under its insignia of impartiality and encyclopedism, Revista de España featured writers such as Juan Valera, Benito Pérez Galdós, and Emilia Pardo Bazán, who, through their poetry, novels, and literary criticism, showcased the codification in the magazine and some debates on the Realism paradigm in Spain, which coincidently ended at the same time as the publication disappeared in the last years of that century.

Resumen En este acercamiento a Revista de España (1868-1895) primero se repasa su origen y relevancia histórica, para comentar aspectos sobre su materialidad y morfología, y recalar finalmente en sus secciones literarias. A lo largo de una andadura de casi 30 años, esta publicación fundada por José Luis Albareda llegó a reunir en su eclecticismo a grandes figuras de la cultura y la política de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Bajo su enseña de imparcialidad y enciclopedismo, congregó a escritores como Juan Valera, Benito Pérez Galdós o Emilia Pardo Bazán. Todos ellos, a través de sus poéticas, novelas y textos de crítica literaria, mostraron en la revista la codificación y algunas polémicas sobre el paradigma realista en España, cuyo final coincidió con la desaparición de la publicación en los últimos años de la centuria.

SIGNIFICANCE: The inclusion of indigenous knowledge into the curricula of natural science courses remains contentious. In this paper I use critical realism to show the relationship between these two forms of knowledge. An engagement with both knowledge structures could afford better pedagogy and assessment. In addition, the engagement with indigenous knowledge allows for the development of 'knower awareness' in the practice of science. Meaningful engagement with indigenous knowledge could therefore enhance science education, whilst making visible the socio-cultural relevance to students.

Resumen A partir del concepto de “crítica viva”, acuñado por Antonio Candido en 1957, estas reflexiones parten de la hipótesis de que la historia literaria española tiene en el realismo el lugar no marcado de su narrativa en lengua castellana. Haciendo un recorrido por los “momentos decisivos” de su tradición novelística, este ensayo postula que si el realismo aparece recalcado en los narradores españoles a partir del siglo XIX (cuando se forma un sistema literario eminentemente liberal-conservador), se debe al hecho de que este debate, no trabado, permanece en estado de “querella”. crítica viva, viva , viva” 1957 castellana momentos decisivos novelística cuando liberalconservador, liberalconservador liberal conservador liberal-conservador) debate trabado querella. querella . “querella” 195 liberal-conservador “querella 19 1

Abstract Drawing on the concept of “living criticism” coined by Antonio Candido (1957), these reflections start from the hypothesis that Spanish literary history has realism as the unmarked place of its narrative in the Castilian language. By reviewing the “decisive moments” of its novelistic tradition, this essay postulates that if realism appears repressed in Spanish narrators from the 19th century onwards (when an eminently liberal-conservative literary system is formed), it is due to the fact that this debate, left unaddressed, still remains in a state of “quarrel”. living criticism 1957, 1957 , (1957) language decisive moments tradition th when liberalconservative liberal conservative formed, formed formed) debate unaddressed quarrel. quarrel . “quarrel” 195 (1957 “quarrel 19 (195 1 (19 (1 (

Resumo A partir do conceito de “crítica viva”, cunhado por Antonio Candido em 1957, estas reflexões partem da hipótese de que a história literária espanhola tem no realismo o lugar não marcado de sua narrativa em língua castelhana. Fazendo um passeio pelos “momentos decisivos” de sua tradição romanesca, este ensaio postula que se o realismo aparece recalcado nos narradores espanhóis a partir do século XIX (quando se forma um sistema literário eminentemente liberal-conservador), deve-se ao fato de que esse debate, não travado, permanece ainda em estado de “querela”. crítica viva, viva , viva” 1957 castelhana momentos decisivos romanesca quando liberalconservador, liberalconservador liberal conservador liberal-conservador) devese deve debate travado querela. querela . “querela” 195 liberal-conservador “querela 19 1

Resumen El trabajo estudia la copresencia del realismo literario y constitucional en la narrativa latinoamericana de la violencia, en este caso, Ciudad de Dios (1997) del autor brasileño Paulo Lins y Bicentenaire (2004) del haitiano Lyonel Trouillot. Tanto los textos realistas que tratan aristotélicamente a personajes marginados en un espacio-tiempo con marcas locales, como los textos ‘realistas’ que tratan rousseauianamente al gobernado sujeto a normas ciudadanas para ser aceptadas y practicadas, permiten una apreciación que pasa del género socioverbal convencionado a la significación bien literaria o bien política. Observando que la categoría de 'identidad política' y la experiencia de la exclusión social unen los realismos en los estudios literarios-culturales y en los estudios constitucionales, se pretende ‘leer’ como un ‘acto democrático’ las escrituras que ficcionalizan: la ausencia del estado brasileño frente a la violencia periférica, y la violencia represiva del Estado parapolicial haitiano durante manifestaciones de calle. Al comparar los realismos y situar los contextos constitucionales, se observa un lenguaje maestro ‘ilustrado’ y ‘moderno’ cuyo ejercicio (re)produce el imperativo ‘democrático’. caso 1997 (1997 2004 (2004 Trouillot espaciotiempo espacio tiempo locales ‘realistas practicadas política identidad literariosculturales literarios culturales constitucionales ‘leer leer acto democrático ficcionalizan periférica calle ‘ilustrado ilustrado ‘moderno moderno reproduce re produce ‘democrático. ‘democrático . ‘democrático’ 199 (199 200 (200 19 (19 20 (20 1 (1 2 (2 (

Abstract The article studies the co-presence of literary and constitutional realism in the Latin American narrative of violence, in this case, City of God (1997) by the Brazilian author Paulo Lins and Bicentenaire (2004) by the Haitian Lyonel Trouillot. Both realistic texts, in line with Aristotelian requisites, that treat marginalized characters in a space-time with local marks, and ‘realist’ texts, in line with Rousseauian requisites, that treat the governed subject to citizen norms to be accepted and practiced, allow an appreciation that goes beyond the convened socio-verbal genre to both literary and political meaning. Noting that the category of ‘political identity’ and the experience of social exclusion unite these realisms in literary-cultural studies and constitutional studies, it is intended to ‘read’ as a ‘democratic act’ the writings that fictionalize: the absence of the Brazilian state in the face of peripheral violence, and the repressive violence of the Haitian parapolice State during street protests. When comparing the realisms and situating the constitutional contexts, an ‘enlightenment’ and ‘modern’ master language is observed whose exercise (re)produces the ‘democratic’ imperative. copresence co presence case 1997 (1997 2004 (2004 Trouillot texts requisites spacetime space time marks ‘realist realist practiced socioverbal socio verbal meaning identity literarycultural cultural ‘read read democratic act fictionalize protests contexts ‘enlightenment enlightenment ‘modern modern reproduces re produces imperative 199 (199 200 (200 19 (19 20 (20 1 (1 2 (2 (

Resumo O trabalho estuda a copresença do realismo literário e constitucional na narrativa latino-americana da violência, no caso, Cidade de Deus (1997), do autor brasileiro Paulo Lins, e Bicentenaire (2004), do haitiano Lyonel Trouillot. Tanto os textos realistas que aristotelicamente tratam personagens marginalizados num espaço-tempo com marcas locais quanto os textos também “realistas” que rousseauianamente tratam os governados sujeitos às normas cidadãs a serem aceitas e praticadas permitem uma apreciação que passa do gênero socioverbal convencionado a uma significação quer literária, quer política. Notando que a categoria de “identidade política” e a experiência de exclusão social unem estes realismos nos estudos literário-culturais e nos estudos constitucionais, pretende-se “ler” como “ato democrático” as escritas que ficcionalizam: a ausência do Estado brasileiro diante da violência periférica e a violência repressiva do Estado parapolicial haitiano durante manifestações de rua. Ao comparar os realismos e situar os contextos constitucionais, observa-se uma linguagem-mestre “iluminista” e “moderna” cujo exercício (re)produz o imperativo “democrático”. latinoamericana latino americana caso 1997, 1997 , (1997) Lins 2004, 2004 (2004) Trouillot espaçotempo espaço tempo “realistas literária política identidade literárioculturais culturais constitucionais pretendese pretende se ler “ler ato democrático ficcionalizam rua observase observa linguagemmestre linguagem mestre iluminista “iluminista moderna “moderna reproduz re produz democrático. . “democrático” 199 (1997 200 (2004 “democrático 19 (199 20 (200 1 (19 2 (20 (1 (2 (

In the context of a need for finding and enabling alternatives to unequal and extractivist perspectives on development, growth, and human well-being, this positioning paper explores possibilities for STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics) education with an education for sustainable development focus that counters disciplinary alienations particularly between the arts and the STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) disciplines. The paper argues that unnecessary alienations between cultural-emblematic and mathematical-logical epistemes, especially those linked to narrow interpretations and restricted developments in dialogism and dialectics, respectively, are influenced by restricted understandings of epistemological, ontological, and praxiological philosophical drivers in meaning making and responsive action. In response, the paper develops a series of philosophical principles that, it argues, could usefully underpin STEAM education practices. These are a) iterations of epistemological expansion and contraction (in response to monologic meaning making), b) an expansive and deepening ontology (in response to ontological collapse in describing the world), c) critical and judgmental rationality (finding a middle ground between radical relativism and dogma), and d) concrete utopianism (in response to idealism and additive holisticism). The emergence of the four philosophical principles is developed through illustrative examples of a broad range of arts (fine art, performance art, photography, film, poetry, prose, and music).

Abstract As a non-representationalist form of integrating methodological naturalism with ontological naturalism, this work proposes a distinction between phenomenic and rational intuitions. Since this is not a static distinction, it offers a way of observing in which sense the apparent circularity between mental and theoretical representations is not a vicious one. The argument’s plausibility will have to be reinforced through considerations about the unstability of ontologies and about how to conceive conflicting intuitions.

Resumen Como una forma no-representacionalista de integrar el naturalismo metodológico con el naturalismo ontológico, este trabajo propone una distinción entre intuiciones fenoménicas e intuiciones racionales. Al no ser una distinción estática, ofrece una manera de ver en qué sentido la aparente circularidad entre representaciones mentales y representaciones teóricas no sería viciosa. La plausibilidad del argumento deberá ser reforzada mediante consideraciones sobre la inestabilidad de las ontologías y sobre cómo concebir intuiciones en conflicto.

Abstract In this Dossier, four scholars reflect on Nicholas Onuf’s leading article, ‘Metaphoricizing modernity’, (re)engaging with – and celebrating – more broadly Onuf’s groundbreaking work from different places, perspectives, and angles. Part III (re)engages with (his) reconfigurations of Modernity and/as metaphor(s), including an extensive, and much careful response from Onuf to those four scholars and their (re)readings published in this Dossier: Celebrating Nicholas Onuf. Michael Marks is the fourth scholar to engage with and reflect on Onuf’s leading article, and his work more broadly. Marks reads Onuf’s essay on metaphoricising modernity as an invitation to see modernity in terms of its metaphorical qualities; that is, as an opportunity to reflect not only on modernity, but on the nature of metaphors and how they figure in scholarly inquiry. More specifically, for him, Onuf’s characterization of modernity as embodying notions of forward motion and territorial physicality is one of the main insights of his essay that could be further explored with additional theoretical analysis. Nicholas Onuf closes this Part and the Dossier more broadly, carefully engaging with and responding to the contributions of Victor Coutinho Lage (in Part I), Manuela Trindade Viana (in Part II), Roberto Vilchez Yamato (in Part II), and Michael Marks (in Part III). Rethinking reconfiguration as a general, constitutive process, Onuf (re)engages with modernization and modernity’s universal ethos, while responding to his postcolonial critics and their (re)readings of his highly generalized model of world-making. In so doing, Onuf also (re)engages with the concept and conceptualization of metaphors, repositioning his work and stance as a form of ‘embodied anti-realism’. For him, old ontologies never die; like metaphors, they just layer up. Onufs s article Metaphoricizing , modernity’ reengaging re places perspectives angles reengages engages (his andas metaphor metaphor(s) extensive rereadings readings qualities inquiry specifically him analysis I, I I) II, II II) III. . III) general process modernitys ethos worldmaking. worldmaking world making. making world-making doing embodied antirealism. antirealism anti realism anti-realism’ die up metaphor(s anti-realism

Resumo Neste Dossiê, quatro acadêmicos refletem sobre o artigo de Nicholas Onuf, ‘Metaphoricizing modernity’, retornando – e celebrando – de forma mais ampla o inovador trabalho de Onuf a partir de diferentes lugares, perspectivas e ângulos. A Parte III dedica-se a reconfigurações da Modernidade e/como metáfora(s), incluindo uma extensa e cuidadosa resposta de Onuf a esses quatro acadêmicos e suas (re)leituras publicadas no Dossiê: Celebrando Nicholas Onuf. Michael Marks é o quarto acadêmico a refletir sobre o artigo de Onuf e seu trabalho de forma mais ampla. Marks lê o ensaio de Onuf sobre a metaforização da modernidade como um convite para (re)vê-la em termos de suas qualidades metafóricas, ou seja, como uma oportunidade de refletir não apenas sobre a modernidade, mas também sobre a natureza das metáforas e como elas aparecem na pesquisa acadêmica. Mais especificamente, para ele, a caracterização de Onuf da modernidade, como incorporando noções de movimento progressivo e fisicalidade territorial, é um dos principais insights de seu ensaio que poderia ser mais explorado com uma análise teórica adicional. Nicholas Onuf encerra esta Parte e o Dossiê, como um todo, retornando e cuidadosamente respondendo às contribuições de Victor Coutinho Lage (na Parte I), Manuela Trindade Viana (na Parte II), Roberto Vilchez Yamato (na Parte II) e Michael Marks (na Parte III). Repensando a reconfiguração como um processo geral e constitutivo, Onuf se volta à modernização e ao etos universal da modernidade, ao mesmo tempo em que responde aos seus críticos pós-coloniais e suas (re)leituras de seu modelo altamente generalizado de criação de mundo (world-making). Ao fazer isso, Onuf também retorna ao conceito e à conceituação de metáforas, reposicionando seu trabalho e sua posição como uma forma de ‘antirrealismo incorporado’. Para ele, as ontologias antigas nunca morrem; assim como as metáforas, elas apenas se sobrepõem. Dossiê Metaphoricizing modernity, modernity , modernity’ lugares ângulos dedicase dedica ecomo metáfora s metáfora(s) releituras re leituras revêla vê la metafóricas seja acadêmica especificamente ele territorial adicional todo I, I I) II, II III. . III) constitutivo póscoloniais pós coloniais worldmaking. worldmaking world making (world-making) isso antirrealismo incorporado. incorporado incorporado’ morrem sobrepõem metáfora(s (world-making

Abstract: Intensely discussed in the philosophy of science in the 20th and 21st centuries, the themes of realism and anti-realism pervade Feyerabend’s work. However, discerning the author’s position on these subjects poses a problem for scholars. One sign of this is that they attribute to Feyerabend the adherence to (or the rejection of) different conceptions of realism and anti-realism. Despite the divergences, however, scholars approach the topic in a similar way, detecting elements of Feyerabend’s realist and anti-realist positions that are incompatible with each other and that follow one another in the course of his work. Although such studies are of great value, we propose to explore another approach, which also seems pertinent. Examining Feyerabend’s writings, we seek to discern conditions that make it possible for the author to assume, without contradiction, realist and anti-realist positions. Finally, we seek to infer from Feyerabend’s conception of science features of the realism prescribed by the author as well as features of the realism proscribed by him. Abstract th st centuries antirealism anti Feyerabends s work However authors or antirealism. realism. divergences however way antirealist value pertinent writings assume contradiction Finally him

Resumo: Intensamente discutidos na filosofia da ciência nos séculos XX e XXI, os temas do realismo e do antirrealismo perpassam a obra de Feyerabend. No entanto, discernir a posição do autor sobre esses assuntos constitui um problema para estudiosos de sua filosofia. Sinal dessa dificuldade é que eles atribuem a Feyerabend a adesão a (ou a rejeição de) diferentes concepções de realismo e de antirrealismo. Apesar das divergências, porém, estudiosos abordam o tema de modo semelhante, detectando elementos das posições realistas e antirrealistas de Feyerabend que são incompatíveis entre si e que se sucedem no decorrer de sua obra. Embora tais pesquisas sejam valiosas, propomo-nos explorar outra abordagem, que também nos parece pertinente. Examinando escritos de Feyerabend, buscamos discernir condições que tornam possível ao autor assumir, sem contradição, posições realistas e antirrealistas. Por fim, procuramos depreender da concepção de ciência de Feyerabend características do realismo prescrito pelo autor, assim como características do realismo por ele proscrito. Resumo XXI entanto ou divergências porém semelhante valiosas propomonos propomo abordagem pertinente assumir contradição fim proscrito

ABSTRACT Metamorphosis is a term inherent to colonial reality in which ontological and identity paradigms and conceptions reveal a recurring question in African literature: Who am I? Based on this, this article aims to analyze the phenomenon of metamorphosis/transmutation as a characteristic of real-animist texts, which is an aesthetic consequence arising from the animistic conception of perceiving the world. We will discuss how the presence of the imaginary of traditional African religiosity translates into recurrent unusual episodes, such as transmutations, through the works of African writers such as Nigerian Amos Tutuola, Angolan Décio Bettencourt, and Mozambican Mia Couto. Finally, we will observe that the presence of this phenomenon translates not only into a mythical imaginary but also into becoming-individual and becoming-nation in societies fragmented identity-wise by colonialism. literature I metamorphosistransmutation metamorphosis transmutation realanimist real animist texts world episodes transmutations Tutuola Bettencourt Couto Finally becomingindividual becoming individual becomingnation nation identitywise wise colonialism

RESUMO “Metamorfose” é um termo inerente à realidade colonial, em que os paradigmas e concepções ontológicas e identitárias descortinam uma questão recorrente na literatura africana: Quem sou eu? A partir disso, este artigo objetiva analisar o fenômeno da metamorfose/transmutação como uma das características do texto real-animista, consequência estética advinda da concepção animista de ver o mundo. Para tanto, discutiremos como a presença do imaginário da religiosidade tradicional africana se traduz em recorrentes episódios insólitos - como a transmutação -, através da obra de escritores africanos, como o nigeriano Amós Tutuola, o angolano Décio Bettencourt e o moçambicano Mia Couto. Por fim, veremos que a presença deste fenômeno traduz não só um imaginário mítico, mas os devires homem e nação em sociedades fragmentadas identitariamente pelo colonialismo. Metamorfose “Metamorfose colonial eu disso metamorfosetransmutação metamorfose realanimista, realanimista real animista, real-animista mundo tanto , africanos Tutuola Couto fim mítico colonialismo

Abstract I describe the key features of pure process realism-realism about the processes that are identified by experimental dynamics structured by scientific models-showing that the view meets criteria for scientific realism. I argue that process realism resolves many of the worries of the antirealist, including the problems of idealization, underdetermination, contextuality, multiplicity, and the pessimistic meta-induction. I show this resolution in the context of a contentious model from physics: the Bohr model of the atom. I then generalize from this discussion to a collection of upshots and constraints on process realism as a view, in order to further distinguish it from orthodox, substance-paradigmatic- or thing-realism. Therefore, pure process realism is shown to be a form of realism compatible with empiricism. realismrealism modelsshowing models showing antirealist idealization underdetermination contextuality multiplicity metainduction. metainduction meta induction. induction meta-induction physics atom orthodox substanceparadigmatic substance paradigmatic substance-paradigmatic thingrealism. thingrealism thing thing-realism Therefore empiricism

ABSTRACT. Variable height is commonly used as an input attribute to estimate other variables. Thus, to ensure less susceptibility to errors, it is necessary to obtain the variable height correctly. In addition to DBH, hypsometric relationships are influenced by several factors, such as site, age, genetic variation, and silvicultural practices. The inclusion of these factors in hypsometric models can lead to a gain in the quality of the estimates and in the biological realism. The objective of this study was to propose and evaluate the performance of a model extracted from artificial neural network training and of new models to estimate the total height of eucalyptus trees. The data used in this study originated from temporary forest inventories conducted in eucalyptus stands in Minas Gerais, Brazil. A multilayer perceptron artificial neural network was trained, and a nonlinear equation was extracted from the best-performing network to predict the total heights of trees. New linear and nonlinear hypsometric models were constructed and fit considering variables related to individual trees (DBH) and stands (plot basal area, age and site index). The new hypsometric models proposed in this study showed satisfactory performance and are effective for estimating the total heights of eucalyptus trees, particularly the model extracted from the artificial neural network and the nonlinear model. ABSTRACT Thus errors correctly DBH variation practices realism Gerais Brazil trained bestperforming best performing (DBH plot area index. index . index)

In this essay, I present preliminary reflections on digital technologies as new forms of health promotion in the contemporary world. First, I introduce the concepts of technology, reality, presence, virtual reality, and extended reality, through critical realism. Second, I discuss the emerging concept of meta-presentity as fundamental for the socio-technical appropriation of digital technologies in the fields of Education and Health. Third, I critically analyze the notion of Distance Education, in contrast to the idea of meta-presential learning spaces, in the context of an innovative model of Higher Education. Fourthly, I briefly discuss Digital Health as a set of knowledge, techniques, and practices capable of overcoming the dualism of "hard " vs. "soft" technologies in health. Finally, I evaluate epistemological issues specific to the field of Collective Health, to redefine telehealth as health care mediated by meta-presentiality. essay world First technology reality presence realism Second metapresentity meta presentity sociotechnical socio technical Third metapresential presential spaces Fourthly knowledge techniques hard vs soft "soft Finally metapresentiality. metapresentiality presentiality. presentiality meta-presentiality

En este ensayo presento reflexiones preliminares sobre tecnologías digitales como nuevas formas de promoción de la salud en el mundo contemporáneo. Primero, introduzco los conceptos de tecnología, realidad, presencia, realidad virtual y realidad extendida, a partir del realismo crítico. Segundo, discuto el concepto emergente de metapresencialidad como fundamental para la apropiación sociotécnica de tecnologías digitales en los campos de la educación y de la salud. Tercero, analizo críticamente la noción de Educación a Distancia en contraste con la idea de espacios metapresenciales de aprendizaje, en el contexto de un modelo innovador de educación superior. En cuarto lugar, discuto brevemente la Salud Digital como conjunto de saberes, técnicas y prácticas capaz de superar el dualismo “tecnologías duras” vs “tecnologías blandas” en la salud. Finalmente, evalúo cuestiones epistemológicas propias del campo de la Salud Colectiva, con el objetivo de redefinir la telesalud como cuidado de salud mediado por metapresencialidad. contemporáneo Primero tecnología presencia extendida crítico Segundo Tercero aprendizaje superior lugar saberes duras blandas Finalmente Colectiva

Neste ensaio, apresento reflexões preliminares sobre tecnologias digitais como novas formas de promoção da saúde no mundo contemporâneo. Primeiro, introduzo os conceitos de tecnologia, realidade, presença, realidade virtual e realidade estendida, por meio do realismo crítico. Segundo, discuto o conceito emergente de metapresencialidade como fundamental para apropriação sociotécnica de tecnologias digitais nos campos da Educação e da Saúde. Terceiro, analiso criticamente a noção de Educação a Distância, em contraste com a ideia de espaços metapresenciais de aprendizagem, no contexto de um modelo inovador de Educação Superior. Em quarto lugar, discuto brevemente a Saúde Digital como conjunto de saberes, técnicas e práticas capaz de superar o dualismo “tecnologias duras” vs “tecnologias leves” na saúde. Finalmente, avalio questões epistemológicas próprias do campo da Saúde Coletiva, com vistas a redefinir a telessaúde como cuidado em saúde mediado por metapresencialidade. ensaio contemporâneo Primeiro tecnologia presença estendida crítico Segundo Terceiro Distância aprendizagem Superior lugar saberes duras leves Finalmente Coletiva