Introduction: The incidence increased of chronic kidney disease, together with the changes caused in patients' lifestyles by undergoing renal replacement therapy to prolong life, has prompted the quantification of the effects of disease and treatment about quality of life. Objective: To evaluate the health-related quality of life in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease treated at the Nephrology Service of the "Carlos Font Pupo" Teaching Clinical-Surgical Hospital at February, 2019. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was performed in 20 patients with chronic terminal kidney disease. The information was obtained from semi-structured interviews and the responses of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form version 1.3 questionnaire. To fulfill the objective, descriptive statistics were used in the form of Absolute Frequencies, mean, standard deviation and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The most committed generic dimensions were Physical role (18.75 ± 17.91), Energy / fatigue (48 ± 21.79) and General health perception (50.5 ± 22.41). In the specific dimensions, the lowest scores were obtained in employment status (9 ± 18.89), sexual function (44.38 ± 46.68) and burden of kidney disease (52.5 ± 21.88). 50% of the patients presented a quality of average life. Conclusions: The results obtained in the different dimensions do not differ significantly from those of consulted international studies that applied this instrument.

Introducción: El incremento en la incidencia de la Enfermedad renal crónica, junto a las modificaciones que provoca en los estilos de vida de los pacientes el someterse a tratamientos sustitutivos de la función renal para prolongar la vida, ha impulsado a cuantificar los efectos de la enfermedad y del tratamiento sobre la calidad de vida. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica terminal atendidos en el Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico Docente Dr. “Carlos Font Pupo” en febrero de 2019. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal en 20 pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica terminal. La información se obtuvo a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas y de las respuestas del cuestionario Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form versión 1.3. Para dar cumplimiento al objetivo se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas a forma de Frecuencias Absolutas, media, desviación estándar y la prueba de U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Las dimensiones genéricas más comprometidas fueron Rol físico (18,75 ± 17,91), Energía/fatiga (48 ± 21,79) y Percepción general de la salud (50,5 ± 22,41). En las dimensiones específicas se obtuvieron las puntuaciones más bajas en Estatus laboral (9 ± 18,89), Función sexual (44,38 ± 46,68) y Carga de la enfermedad renal (52,5 ± 21,88). El 50% de los pacientes presentaron una calidad de vida media. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos en las diferentes dimensiones no difieren significativamente de estudios internacionales consultados que aplicaron este instrumento.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Among the complications related to chronic kidney disease (CKD), those of a neurological nature stand out, and for a better quality of life for patients, the diagnosis and treatment of these complications is fundamental. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the effect of hemodialysis on intracranial pressure waveform (ICPw) in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis and those who are not yet undergoing substitutive therapy. DESIGN AND SETTING: An observational study was conducted in two stages at a kidney replacement therapy center in Brazil. The first was a longitudinal study and the second was a cross-sectional study. METHODS: Forty-two patients on hemodialysis were included in the first stage of the study. In the second stage, 226 participants were included. Of these, 186 were individuals with chronic kidney disease (who were not undergoing substitutive therapy), and 40 did not have the disease (control group). The participants’ intracranial compliance was assessed using the non-invasive Brain4care method, and the results were compared between the groups. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the hemodialysis and non-hemodialysis groups, with the former having better ICPw conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Hemodialysis influenced the improvement in ICPw, probably due to the decrease in the patients’ extra-and intracellular volumes. Furthermore, ICPw monitoring can be a new parameter to consider when defining the moment to start substitutive therapy.

Resumen Objetivo: el asesoramiento dietético proporcionado a través de un programa de intervención nutricional (PIN) es recomendado por las guías clínicas renales para prevenir o tratar la desnutrición, puediendo mejorar la calidad de vida (CV) y la supervivencia en pacientes en hemodiálisis (HD). El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de un PNI personalizado sobre el estado nutricional y su impacto en la calidad de vida y la mortalidad en pacientes dializados. Material y métodos: estudio de intervención de 12 meses de duración, con seguimiento periódico de los pacientes en el que se midieron los parámetros nutricionales al inicio, a los 6 y 12 meses. La CV fue evaluada por el cuestionario Kidney Disease Quality of Life versión 1.2 (KDQOL-SF) al inicio y al final del estudio. Todos los pacientes dializados recibieron consultas individualizadas con un dietista. El contenido del programa de educación nutricional incluyó un plan de alimentación personalizado y materiales educativos sobre nutrición para el manejo de fluidos, electrolitos y vitamina D. Resultados: se incluyeron un total de 75 pacientes. Después del PIN, los niveles de proteínas viscerales, fósforo, potasio y vitamina D habían mejorado significativamente (p < 0,001). El porcentaje de pacientes bien nutridos aumentó un 30 % (p < 0,001). Al final del estudio, los pacientes bien nutridos mejoraron significativamente las puntuaciones en las áreas de resumen general del KDQOL-SF, redujeron la preocupación por las restricciones dietéticas y de líquidos (p < 0,001) y la tasa de supervivencia fue de 12 meses superior (p < 0,01). Conclusión: los resultados de este estudio sugieren que el PIN personalizado contribuyó a mejorar el estado nutricional, la calidad de vida y la supervivencia en pacientes en HD.

Abstract Objective: dietary advice provided through a nutritional intervention program (NIP) is recommended by renal clinic guidelines to prevent or treat malnutrition, that could improve quality of life (QoL) and survival in hemodialysis (HD) patients. This study set out to evaluate the effect of a personalized NIP on the nutritional status and its impact on QoL and mortality in dialyzed patients. Material and methods: this was a 12-month intervention study with regular follow-up in which nutritional parameters were measured at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. QoL was assessed by the Kidney Disease Quality of Life version 1.2 (KDQOL-SF) at baseline and at the end of the study. All dialyzed patients received individualized consultations with a trained dietitian. The content of the nutritional education program included a personalized meal plan and educational materials addressing nutrition to manage fluids, electrolytes, and vitamin D. Results: a total of 75 patients were included. After the NIP, visceral proteins, phosphorous, potassium and vitamin D levels had improved significantly (p < 0.001). The percentage of well-nourished patients increased by 30 % (p < 0.001). At the end of the study, the well-nourished patients had significantly improved scores on the general summary areas of the KDQOL-SF, reduced worry concerning fluid and dietary restrictions (p < 0.001), and the survival rate was 12 months longer (p < 0.01). Conclusion: the results of this study suggest that personalized NIP contributed to improved nutritional status, QoL and survival in HD patients.

Abstract Background: The number of people suffering from chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis in Portugal has been increasing over the last decade, highlighting the need to assess the quality of life of these patients. Objective: To assess the quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing regular hemodialysis. Methodology: A quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Instrument (KDQOL-SF Version 1.3). The non-probability convenience sample consists of 268 patients aged 25 to 90 years undergoing regular hemodialysis in seven clinics in Portugal. Results: The Dialysis staff encouragement (82.46) and social support (77.49) dimensions had the highest scores. Male patients had higher scores in the physical functioning (p = 0.023),bodily pain (p = 0.011), and emotional well-being (p = 0.020) dimensions. This sample had statistically significant lower scores in all domains of the 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) than the general Portuguese population. Conclusion: It is essential to develop strategies to improve the quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease.

Resumen Marco contextual: En la última década ha aumentado el número de personas con insuficiencia renal crónica que se someten a un programa de hemodiálisis, lo que plantea la necesidad de evaluar la calidad de vida de estos pacientes. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de vida de los pacientes renales crónicos en programa regular de hemodiálisis. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y descriptivo que utiliza el KDQOL-SF. Muestra de conveniencia no probabilística, con 268 pacientes en programa regular de hemodiálisis con edades comprendidas entre los 25 y los 90 años, en siete clínicas de Portugal. Resultados: La motivación del personal de diálisis (82,46) y el apoyo social (77,49) fueron las dimensiones con las mejores puntuaciones. Los individuos del sexo masculino presentan mejores puntuaciones en calidad de vida, en las dimensiones: función física (p = 0,023), dolor (p = 0,011) y bienestar emocional (p = 0,020). El análisis del SF-36 demostró que todos los dominios presentaban una puntuación peor y con significación estadística en comparación con la población portuguesa. Conclusión: Es esencial idear estrategias que puedan mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con insuficiencia renal.

Resumo Enquadramento: Ao longo da última década observou-se um aumento no número de pessoas que sofrem de doença renal crónica em programa de hemodiálise, imergindo a necessidade de aferir a qualidade de vida destes doentes. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida dos doentes renais crónicos em programa regular de hemodiálise. Metodologia: Estudo de abordagem quantitativa, descritivo transversal utilizando o KDQOL-SF. Amostra não probabilística de conveniência, com 268 doentes em programa regular de hemodiálise com idades entre 25 e 90 anos, em sete clínicas de Portugal. Resultados: O encorajamento do pessoal da diálise (82,46) e o apoio social (77,49) foram as dimensões com melhores scores. Os indivíduos do sexo masculino apresentam melhores pontuações na qualidade de vida, nas dimensões: função física (p = 0,023), dor (p = 0,011) e bem-estar emocional (p = 0,020). A análise do SF-36 demostrou que todos os domínios apresentavam pior score e com significado estatístico quando comparados com a população portuguesa. Conclusão: É fundamental arranjar estratégias que possam melhorar qualidade de vida da pessoa com insuficiência renal.

Objective: to determine the Quality of Life of people on hemodialysis in two provinces of Zone # 6 of Ecuador. Method: cross-sectional descriptive quantitative, intentional sample of 70 participants, developed in two hemodialysis units, a sociodemographic-clinical structured questionnaire and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL™-36) were applied, after signing the informed consent. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: the evaluated Quality of Life obtained an average of 57.05, more than 50% of the participants obtained scores below 50 on a scale of 1 to 100, in the Burden of Kidney Disease, Physical Component and Mental Component three affected sub-scales out of a total of five. Conclusion: the Quality of Life of the population on hemodialysis is good; however, low scores were identified in three subscales; In this context, the need for nursing intervention plans to promote health and that could improve the quality of life is identified.

Objetivo: determinar la Calidad de Vida de las personas hemodializadas en dos provincias de la Zona # 6 de Ecuador. Método: cuantitativo descriptivo transversal, muestra intencional de 70 participantes, desarrollado en dos unidades de hemodiálisis, se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado sociodemográfico - clínico y el Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL™-36), previa firma del consentimiento informado. Los datos fueron analizados por estadística descriptiva. Resultados: la Calidad de Vida evaluada obtuvo un promedio de 57,05, más del 50% de los participantes obtuvieron puntajes inferiores a 50 de una escala de 1 a 100, en la Carga de la Enfermedad del Riñón, Componente Físico y Componente Mental tres sub-escalas afectadas de un total de cinco. Conclusión: la Calidad de Vida de la población en hemodiálisis es buena; sin embargo, se identificó bajas puntuaciones en tres sub-escalas; en este contexto, se identifica la necesidad de planes de intervención de enfermería para promover la salud y que podrían mejorar la calidad de vida.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic renal disease and undergoing hemodialysis are at a high risk for developing several complications. Fatigue is a common, troubling symptom that affects such patients and can contribute to unfavorable outcomes and high mortality. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of fatigue in Brazilian patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis and determine the predisposing factors for fatigue. DESIGN AND SETTING: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in two renal replacement therapy centers in the Greater ABC region of São Paulo. METHODS: This study included 95 patients undergoing dialysis who were consecutively treated at two Brazilian renal replacement therapy centers between September 2019 and February 2020. The Chalder questionnaire was used to evaluate fatigue. Clinical, sociodemographic, and laboratory data of the patients were recorded, and the Short Form 36 Health Survey, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Beck Depression Inventory were administered. RESULTS: The prevalence of fatigue in patients undergoing hemodialysis was 51.6%. Fatigue was independently associated with lower quality of life in terms of physical and general health. Patients with fatigue had a higher incidence of depression (65.9% vs. 34.1%, P = 0.001) and worse sleep quality (59.1% vs. 49.9%; P = 0.027) than those without fatigue. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of fatigue is high in patients undergoing hemodialysis and is directly related to physical and general health.

Abstract Objective To analyze the quality of life of family caregivers of patients under hemodialysis and the existence of an association with their sociodemographic and clinics characteristics. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 75 family caregivers in two hemodialysis centers. Caregivers’ quality of life was measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life – BREF instrument, and its association with sociodemographic characteristics was assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (significance level equal to 5%). Results Most family caregivers were women (84%), spouses (41.3%), children (38.7%), housewives (38.7%) and had a family income of one to three minimum wages (85.4 %). The variable working outside the home had a positive influence on overall quality of life (p=0.014), psychological domains (p=0.009) and social relationships (p≤0.001). Being male (p=0.016), not having diseases (p=0.002) and not using medications (p=0.007) positively interfered with the physical domain. The absence of financial help from other people and/or family members had a negative influence on the social relationships (p=0.050) and environment (p=0.001) domains. Conclusion Male family caregivers, or those who work outside the home or receive financial help from other people and/or family members had better quality of life levels. On the other hand, clinical conditions such as using a drug or having diseases have negatively influenced quality of life levels.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar la calidad de vida de los cuidadores familiares de pacientes en hemodiálisis y la existencia de asociación con las características demográficas y clínicas. Métodos Estudio transversal, realizado con 75 cuidadores familiares en dos centros de diálisis. La calidad de vida de los cuidadores fue medida a través del instrumento World Health Organization Quality of Life – BREF, y su relación con las características sociodemográficas fue evaluada mediante la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis (nivel de significación igual a 5 %). Resultados La mayoría de los cuidadores familiares era mujer (84 %), cónyuge (41,3 %), hijo (38,7 %), del hogar (38,7 %) y poseía ingresos familiares de uno a tres salarios mínimos (85,4 %). La variable trabajar fuera de casa tuvo influencia positiva en la calidad de vida general (p=0,014), en los dominios psicológicos (p=0,009) y en las relaciones sociales (p≤0,001). Ser de sexo masculino (p=0,016), no tener enfermedades (p=0,002) y no usar medicamentos (p=0,007) interfirieron positivamente en el dominio físico. La ausencia de ayuda financiera de otras personas o familiares influyó de manera negativa en los dominios de las relaciones sociales (p=0,050) y del medio ambiente (p=0,001). Conclusión Los cuidadores familiares de sexo masculino, o que trabajan fuera de casa o reciben ayuda financiera de otras personas o familiares presentaron mejores niveles de calidad de vida. En contraste, las condiciones clínicas, tales como hacer uso de algún medicamento o padecer enfermedades, influyeron de forma negativa en los niveles de calidad de vida.

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a qualidade de vida do cuidador familiar do paciente em hemodiálise e a existência de associação com suas características clínicas e sociodemográficas. Métodos Estudo transversal, realizado com 75 cuidadores familiares em dois centros de diálise. A qualidade de vida do cuidador foi medida por meio do instrumento World Health Organization Quality of Life – BREF, e sua associação com as características sociodemográficas foi avaliada pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis (nível de significância igual a 5%). Resultados A maioria dos cuidadores familiares era mulher (84%), cônjuge (41,3%), filho (38,7%), do lar (38,7%) e possuía renda familiar de um a três salários mínimos (85,4%). A variável trabalhar fora de casa teve influência positiva na qualidade de vida geral (p=0,014), nos domínios psicológicos (p=0,009) e nas relações sociais (p≤0,001). Ser do sexo masculino (p=0,016), não ter doenças (p=0,002) e não usar medicamentos (p=0,007) interferiram positivamente no domínio físico. A ausência de ajuda financeira de outras pessoas e/ou familiares influenciou de forma negativa nos domínios das relações sociais (p=0,050) e meio ambiente (p=0,001). Conclusão O cuidador familiar do sexo masculino, ou que trabalha fora de casa ou recebe ajuda financeira de outras pessoas e/ou familiares apresentaram melhores níveis de qualidade de vida. Em contrapartida, as condições clínicas tais como fazer uso de algum medicamento ou ter doenças influenciaram de forma negativa nos níveis de qualidade de vida.

Resumo A doença renal crônica é um problema de saúde pública global e em seu estágio terminal está associada à necessidade de terapia dialítica. A grande maioria dos pacientes que necessitam realizar a terapia renal substitutiva, a fazem através da hemodiálise. Portanto, o acesso vascular é de extrema importância para a população dialítica, implicando diretamente na qualidade de vida e na morbimortalidade deste grupo de pacientes. Sendo a confecção, gerenciamento e resgate dos acessos vasculares uma das áreas de atuação do cirurgião vascular, é de grande importância a elaboração de uma diretriz que oriente o especialista no manejo mais adequado do acesso vascular para hemodiálise. Assim, o objetivo desta diretriz é apresentar um conjunto de recomendações para guiar as decisões na referenciação, avaliação, escolha, vigilância e gestão das complicações do acesso vascular para hemodiálise. dialítica substitutiva hemodiálise Portanto confecção Assim referenciação avaliação escolha

Abstract Chronic kidney disease is a worldwide public health problem, and end-stage renal disease requires dialysis. Most patients requiring renal replacement therapy have to undergo hemodialysis. Therefore, vascular access is extremely important for the dialysis population, directly affecting the quality of life and the morbidity and mortality of this patient population. Since making, managing and salvaging of vascular accesses falls within the purview of the vascular surgeon, developing guideline to help specialists better manage vascular accesses for hemodialysis if of great importance. Thus, the objective of this guideline is to present a set of recommendations to guide decisions involved in the referral, evaluation, choice, surveillance and management of complications of vascular accesses for hemodialysis. problem endstage end stage Therefore population making surgeon importance Thus referral evaluation choice

ABSTRACT Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a serious public health problem worldwide, its terminal stage requires treatment with renal replacement therapy such as hemodialysis. Objective: To characterize patients with chronic renal disease requiring hemodialysis in Camagüey province. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study was carried out with the objective of characterizing patients with chronic kidney disease who require hemodialysis in the nephrology services of the Camagüey province during the year 2022. The universe of study consisted of 438 patients with the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease and the discretionary sample was made up of 215 patients who underwent hemodialysis in the Nephrology Service of the Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital, Nephrology Service of the Eduardo Agramonte Piña Provincial Pediatric Hospital, Nephrology Service of the Municipal General Hospital of Nuevitas Martin Chang Puga and Nephrology Service of the Municipal General Hospital of Florida. Results: In the sample, hemodialysis patients with chronic kidney disease of the Camagüey municipality, male sex and age group of 55-59 years, whose fundamental causes were associated with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, predominated. Conclusions: The characterization of chronic kidney disease from the sociodemographic approach has an important role in its comprehensive approach at the primary health level.

RESUMEN Introducción: La enfermedad renal crónica constituye un serio problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, su etapa terminal requiere tratamiento con terapia de reemplazo renal como es la hemodiálisis. Objetivo: Caracterizar los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica que requieren hemodiálisis en la provincia Camagüey. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, de corte transversal, con el objetivo de caracterizar los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica que requieren hemodiálisis en los servicios de Nefrología de la provincia Camagüey durante el año 2022. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por 438 pacientes con el diagnóstico enfermedad renal crónica y la muestra a discreción la conformaron 215 pacientes que se hemodializan en el Nefrocentro del Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech, Servicio de Nefrología de Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Eduardo Agramonte Piña, Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital General Municipal de Nuevitas Martin Chang Puga y Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital General Municipal de Florida. Resultados: En la muestra trabajada predominaron los pacientes en hemodiálisis con enfermedad renal crónica del municipio Camagüey, sexo masculino y grupo etario de 55-59 años, cuyas causas fundamentales se asociaron a la hipertensión arterial y a la diabetes mellitus. Conclusiones: La caracterización de la enfermedad renal crónica desde el enfoque sociodemográfico tiene un papel importante en el abordaje integral de la misma en el nivel primario de salud.

Depression is a common disorder in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and some data support its relationship with functional capacity and quality of life. However, to date, this has not been evaluated systematically or through meta-analysis. We sought to investigate the relationship of quality of life and functional capacity with depressive disorder in patients with CKD on hemodialysis. This systematic review considered studies published up to 2021 and included cross-sectional and cohort studies. PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Cochrane (CENTRAL) databases were used to search for studies. The New Castle-Ottawa Quality Assessment scale was used to measure the quality of the studies. A total of 4,626 studies were found and, after applying the selection criteria, 16 studies (2,175 patients) remained for qualitative analysis and 10 for meta-analysis (1,484 patients). The physical component summary (MD=-6.563; 95%CI: −9.702 to −3.424) and mental component summary (MD=-18.760; 95%CI: −28.641 to −8.879) were lower in depressive patients, as in all Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) domains. Only one study provided data regarding functional capacity, but it was not evaluated by the defined outcome measure. Twelve studies were classified as “moderate quality” (5 to 6 stars) and four were classified as “low-quality” (0 to 4 stars). This meta-analysis with CKD patients on hemodialysis showed a negative relationship between depression and quality of life, with worsening in all physical and mental domains of the SF-36 in depressed patients.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia in individuals aged 50 years or older on hemodialysis; to verify the association between sarcopenia and sociodemographic, clinical, anthropometric factors, components of sarcopenia and quality of life (QoL); and to correlate the components of sarcopenia with QoL. Methods: Participated 83 individuals on hemodialysis. Sarcopenia was established according to the current European consensus. Dynamometry to determine strength, calf circumference (CC) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMMI) to obtain muscle mass and gait speed (GS) for physical performance. For QoL used the WHOQOL-bref. Results: the prevalence of sarcopenia was 32.6% (CC) and 18.1% (ASMMI). There was no association between sarcopenia and QoL. Both handgrip strength (r=0.25) and GS (r=0.36) showed a correlation with physical domain. Conclusions: sarcopenia was expressive, and the aspects of functionality determine the physical impairment in this population.

RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la prevalencia de sarcopenia en individuos de 50 años o más en hemodiálisis, verificar la asociación entre la sarcopenia y factores sociodemográficos, clínicos, antropométricos, componentes de la sarcopenia y la calidad de vida (CV), y para correlacionar los componentes de la sarcopenia con la CV. Métodos: Participaron 83 individuos en hemodiálisis. La sarcopenia se estableció de acuerdo con el consenso europeo vigente. Dinamometría para determinar la fuerza, la circunferencia de la pantorrilla (CP) y el índice de masa muscular esquelética apendicular (IMMEA) para obtener la masa muscular y la velocidad de la marcha (VM) para el rendimiento físico. Para CV el WHOQOL-bref. Resultados: la prevalencia de sarcopenia fue de 32,6% (CP) y 18,1% (IMMEA). No hubo asociación entre sarcopenia y CV. Tanto la fuerza de prensión manual (r=0,25) como la VM (r=0,36) se correlacionaron con el dominio físico. Conclusiones: la sarcopenia fue significativa y los aspectos de funcionalidad, determinan el deterioro físico en esta población.

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a prevalência de sarcopenia em indivíduos com 50 anos ou mais em hemodiálise, verificar a associação entre a sarcopenia e os fatores sociodemográficos, clínicos, antropométricos, componentes da sarcopenia e qualidade de vida (QV), e correlacionar os componentes da sarcopenia com a QV. Métodos: Participaram 83 indivíduos em hemodiálise. A sarcopenia foi estabelecida segundo consenso europeu vigente. A dinamometria para determinação da força, a circunferência da panturrilha (CP) e o índice de massa muscular esquelética apendicular (IMMEA) para a obtenção da massa muscular e a velocidade de caminhada (VC) para o desempenho físico. Para QV utilizou-se WHOQOL-bref. Resultados: a prevalência de sarcopenia foi de 32,6% (CP) e 18,1% (IMMEA). Não houve associação entre a sarcopenia e QV. Tanto a força de preensão manual (r=0,25) quanto a VC (r=0,36) apresentaram correlação com domínio físico. Conclusões: a sarcopenia foi expressiva e os aspectos da funcionalidade determinam o comprometimento físico nessa população.

ABSTRACT Currently, patients older than 75 years are the fastest-growing group starting dialysis worldwide. However, the benefits of dialysis become doubtful among frail older patients and conservative kidney management (CKM) has emerged as a feasible therapeutic strategy for some patients, with a focus on quality of life and comfort. Even though it is a challenge to recognize which is the most suitable therapeutic option for elderly patients. We report a case of an 81-year-old woman who initially chose CKM, but later accepted to start hemodialysis due to difficult control of hypervolemia. During the period on dialysis, she had several complications, the most serious related to lower limb amputation, as a result of severe chronic ischemia. This case reflects the complexity of managing an older stage 5 chronic kidney disease patient, both on dialysis or CKM. Treatment decisions are complex and prognosis estimation is challenging. Time is essential to understand the benefits and burdens of different treatment strategies for each patient and the priority should be centered on optimizing care for older adults with advanced kidney disease.

RESUMEN Introducción: La insuficiencia renal crónica es considerada un importante problema de salud pública, ya que tanto la enfermedad como el tratamiento tienen profundos impactos en todo el contexto de vida de la persona afectada. Objetivo: Comprender las repercusiones de la insuficiencia renal crónica en el contexto biopsicosocial de personas en hemodiálisis. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, desarrollado en un hospital regional de referencia para el tratamiento de hemodiálisis en el Estado de Bahía, Brasil. En el estudio participaron 20 personas con insuficiencia renal crónica, mayores de 18 años, sometidas a hemodiálisis. La recolección de datos se realizó durante el mes de diciembre de 2019, a través de una entrevista semiestructurada. Posteriormente, los datos fueron sistematizados mediante análisis de contenido. Resultados: Se demostró que la insuficiencia renal trae repercusiones multidimensionales para las personas, debido a las dificultades para ingresar al mundo laboral, dificultades relacionadas con las restricciones alimentarias y hídricas, limitaciones relacionadas con el ocio y la práctica de actividad física e impactos en el ejercicio de la sexualidad. Sin embargo, a pesar de las limitaciones provocadas por la enfermedad, las personas se mostraron resilientes al resaltar la importancia del tratamiento para garantizar su calidad de vida. Conclusión: El estudio apunta a la necesidad de construir políticas específicas orientadas a reducir los impactos provocados por la insuficiencia renal crónica, por ser una enfermedad crónica e irreversible, que necesita tratamiento permanente. Además, los hallazgos confirman la necesidad de una evaluación individualizada y la provisión de atención integral y humanizada por parte de profesionales de la salud que les brindan atención, como una forma de minimizar los impactos de la enfermedad.

RESUMO Introdução: a insuficiência renal crônica é considerada um importante problema de saúde pública, uma vez que tanto a doença quanto o tratamento provocam impactos profundos em todo o contexto de vida da pessoa acometida. Objetivo: compreender as repercussões da insuficiência renal crônica no contexto biopsicossocial de pacientes em tratamento hemodialítico. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, qualitativo, desenvolvido em um hospital referência regional para o tratamento de hemodiálise no Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Participaram do estudo 20 pessoas com insuficiência renal crônica, com idade superior a 18 anos, em tratamento hemodialítico. A coleta dos dados foi realizada durante o mês de dezembro de 2019 através de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Posteriormente, os dados foram sistematizados através da Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: evidenciou-se que a insuficiência renal traz repercussões multidimensionais para os pacientes, devido às dificuldades de inserção no mundo do trabalho, dificuldades relacionadas às restrições alimentares e hídricas, limitações relacionadas ao lazer e a prática de atividade física e impactos no exercício da sexualidade. Entretanto, apesar das limitações provocadas pela doença, os pacientes mostraram-se resilientes ao destacarem a importância do tratamento para garantia de sua qualidade de vida. Conclusão: o estudo aponta para necessidade de construção de políticas específicas voltadas para redução dos impactos provocados pela Insuficiência Renal Crônica, uma vez que se trata de uma doença crônica e irreversível, com necessidade de tratamento permanente. Além disso, os achados ratificam a necessidade de avaliação individualizada e oferta de uma assistência holística e humanizada por parte dos profissionais de saúde como forma de minimizar os impactos do adoecimento.

ABSTRACT Introduction: chronic renal failure is considered an important public health problem since both the disease and the treatment have profound impacts on the entire life context of the affected person. Objective: to understand the repercussions of chronic renal failure in the biopsychosocial context of patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methodology: this is a descriptive, qualitative study developed in a regional reference hospital for the treatment of hemodialysis in the State of Bahia, Brazil. Twenty people with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis took part in the study; all of them were over 18 years old. The data collection was carried out in December 2019 through a semi-structured interview. Subsequently, the data were systematized through Content Analysis. Results: the study showed that renal failure brings multidimensional repercussions to the patients due to the difficulties in entering the world market, difficulties related to food and water restrictions, limitations related to leisure and the physical activity practices, and the impact on sexuality. However, despite the limitations caused by the disease, patients showed themselves resilient in highlighting the importance of the treatment to guarantee their quality of life. Conclusion: the study points to the need of building specific policies aimed at reducing the impact caused by chronic renal failure since it is a chronic and irreversible disease that requires permanent treatment. Furthermore, the findings confirm the need for individualized assessment and the provision of holistic and humanized care by health professionals as a way to minimize the impact of the illness.

RESUMEN La insuficiencia renal crónica, uno de los problemas de salud con mayor tasa de crecimiento en Ecuador, afecta notablemente la calidad de vida de los pacientes. En este proceso de aprender a convivir con la enfermedad, el apoyo social como constructo multidimensional ha demostrado ser un recurso valioso, especialmente por su relación con el proceso de adherencia. El objetivo de la investigación es identificar los tipos y niveles de apoyo social percibido en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en tratamiento de hemodiálisis. La investigación por su alcance fue descriptiva, de diseño no experimental, sin manipulación de variables y transversal y levantó información en un momento único. Se trabajó con una muestra por conveniencia de 45 pacientes, a los cuales se les aplicó el cuestionario Mos de apoyo social, que evalúa este constructo a partir de las dimensiones emocional, instrumental, afectivo y de interacción social. Entre sus resultados principales se encontró que la dimensión apoyo social emocional alcanzó el más alto nivel (97,8 %), en comparación con los otros tipos. Su importancia se relaciona con la función de amortiguar los cambios del estilo de vida y de ayudar a los pacientes a convivir con ellos, ya que se adhiere efectivamente al tratamiento.

ABSTRACT Chronic kidney failure constitutes one of the health problems with the highest growth rate in Ecuador, which significantly affects the quality of life of patients. During the learning process on how to live with this type of disease, social support as a multidimensional construct has proven to be a valuable resource, especially due to its relationship with the adherence process. The objective of the research was to identify the types and levels of social support perceived in patients with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis treatment. The research by its scope was descriptive with a non-experimental design, without manipulation of variables and cross-sectional, which raised information in a single moment. The study considered a convenience sample of 45 patients, to whom the Mos social support questionnaire was applied, which evaluates this construct from the emotional, instrumental, affective and social interaction dimensions. Among its main results, the dimension social emotional support was found, at the highest maximum level of 97.8%, compared to the other types. The importance of this study relies on how to soften lifestyle changes and help patients to live with them, as it effectively adheres to treatment.

Abstract: Introduction: chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem, and more and more children with CKD reach adulthood, requiring renal replacement therapy, which directly affects their quality of life (QoL). Objective: to compare the QoL between pediatric patients with end-stage CKD undergoing automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) and hemodialysis (HD) treatment. Material and methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out that included patients older than six years with CKD on renal replacement therapy with APD or HD for more than three months. The TECAVNER questionnaire was applied, which is a specific instrument that evaluates QoL in children with CKD. Results: of the total, 38.3% (n = 18) were classified as having good QoL. However, there was no difference between HD and DPA, since the global QoL score had a median of 3.633 and 3.379, respectively (p = 0.136). But, in the domains of physical activity and personal time, HD patients had lower scores (p < 0.05). Conclusion: only about a third of pediatric patients with CKD treated with APD or HD have a good QoL, so it seems necessary to implement strategies to improve both their physical and emotional conditions.

Resumen: Introducción: la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es un problema de salud pública; cada vez son más los niños con ERC que llegan a la edad adulta, los cuales requieren terapia de remplazo renal, lo que afecta directamente su calidad de vida (CV). Objetivo: comparar la CV entre pacientes pediátricos con ERC terminal en tratamiento de diálisis peritoneal automatizada (DPA) y hemodiálisis (HD). Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal y comparativo. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de seis años con ERC en terapia de remplazo renal con DPA o HD, por más de tres meses. Se aplicó el cuestionario TECAVNER, el cual es un instrumento específico que evalúa la CV en niños con ERC. Resultados: se incluyeron 47 pacientes (n = 33 en DPA y n = 14 en HD), sin predominio de sexo. La mediana para la edad fue de 14 años. Del total, el 38.3% (n = 18) se calificó con buena CV. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencia entre HD y DPA, ya que el puntaje de la CV global tuvo una mediana de 3,633 y de 3,379, respectivamente (p = 0.136). No obstante, en los dominios de actividad física y tiempo personal, los pacientes en HD tuvieron puntuaciones más bajas (p < 0.05). Conclusión: solamente alrededor de la tercera parte de los pacientes pediátricos con ERC en tratamiento con DPA o HD tienen una buena CV, por lo que parece necesario implementar estrategias para mejorar sus condiciones tanto físicas como emocionales.